2016级高三模拟考试
英语
本试卷共四部分，共12页。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。
注意事项:
1.答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号、县区和科类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。
2.一、二部分选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
3.三、四部分必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
Why did the man come home late?
A. He ate out with his friend. B. He studied at schoo1. C. He watched a match.
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
W: Why are you so late for home from school, David?
M: I was doing my homework at Roger’s house. Then we watched a bit of the soccer match on his new TV.
【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
2.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
Where will the woman meet the driver?
A. Next to the bank. B. Beside the bus stop. C. Opposite the theater.
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
W: Hello, I need a taxi to pick me up at the Capitol Theater.
M: The one beside the bank? There is nowhere to stop there. I’ll pick you directly across from the Capitol Theater.
【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
3.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
How long did Maria stay in France?
A. One year. B. Two years. C. Three years.
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
M: Tell me about what you did after high school, Maria.
W: I graduated from high school when I was 18. I worked for a year, then I lived in France until I turned 21.
【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
4.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
What is the man doing?
A. Eating dessert. B. Reading a book. C. Taking out the rubbish.
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
W: Did you take out the rubbish, dear?
M: No, I’ll do it in one second. Let me just finish this chapter.
W: OK. Afterwards, we can have some dessert.
【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
5.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student.
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
W: Tim, would you come to my birthday party on Saturday?
M: Sure, Mary. Who else is invited?
W: Everyone in our office is invited.
【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三
个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
6. Which city is the package from?
A. Chicago. B. St.Paul. C. Des Moines.
7. What date was yesterday?
A. December 13th. B. December 14th. C. December 15th.
【答案】6. A 7. C
【解析】
W: Hello, Cheetah Express Delivery Service. How may I help you?
M: Hello. I’m waiting for a package sent from your office in Chicago. The package number is XYZ9876.
W: I see. My computer says we sent it on December13th, and it was in Des Moines on the 14th. You
should have received it in St. Paul the day after that.
M: That was yesterday. Any idea what happened?
W: I can find out for you. In any event, it should be there within the next couple of days. Please accept our apologies, sir.
【6题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【7题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
8. What is the woman doing now?
A. Selling clothes.
B. Selecting a dress.
C. Bargaining with the man.
9. Where will the speakers go?
A. A wedding ceremony. B. A birthday party. C. A concert.
【答案】8. B 9. C
【解析】
W: Ben, come here. I’m having trouble picking out a dress for tonight. How about this silver one?
M: I don’t think you need to wear something that fancy.
W: You’re right. It’s not that comfortable, and we’re going to be dancing a lot in the concert.
M: Why don’t we go to the mall and get you something? It’s your birthday next week.
W: I have enough clothes. Here, look! This is black, so it matches my shoes.
M: There are three long tears down the back. It looks like you got attacked by a tiger.
W: That’s the style. Besides, I’m not going to be the only one with holes in my clothing there. I’ll fit right in.
M: You make a good point.
【8题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【9题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
10. What was the boy just doing?
A. Collecting the leaves. B. Cutting the grass. C. Watering the flowers.
11. What is the boy saving up for?
A. A motorbike. B. A computer. C. A car.
12. What will the speakers do later?
A. See a movie. B. Take a walk. C. Run in the park.
【答案】10. A 11. B 12. A
【解析】
W: Hey, Martin. I just did some running in the park. What are you doing?
M: There was a windstorm last night, so it blew this mess everywhere. What’s up?
W: I just wanted to see if you’d like to see the latest movie with me tonight. Why do you have to do this kind of work?
M: My father and I have a deal. I help around the house, and he pays me. Once I get these leaves into bags, I have to cut the grass. Tomorrow I will water the flowers in the garden.
W: How long have you had this arrangement?
M: Since I became a teenager. I help him fix his motorcycle, too.
W: Is there something in particular you are saving for? A new car?
M: I can’t afford anything too expensive, but my parents said they would pay for half the cost of a laptop. My father wants me to know the meaning of “no pains, no gains”.
W: That’s cool. So should I come back later?
M: Yeah. Let me finish my responsibilities first, and then I’ll call you.
【10题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【11题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【12题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
13. Why is the man tired?
A. He worked late.
B. He just came back from abroad.
C. He hasn’t been sleeping for two days.
14. Where are the speakers?
A. At home. B. In the office. C. In the cinema.
15. What will the man do next?
A. Send some emails B. Call his boss. C. Watch TV.
16. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A show they both like.
B. The daily work they do.
C. Things they do in their spare time.
【答案】13. B 14. A 15. C 16. C
【解析】
M: Hey, Carol. What’s new?
W: Not much, just catching up on a TV show I like to watch. Sometimes it’s nice to come home after a long day at work and relax.
M: I know what you mean. In fact, I wouldn’t mind some relaxation time myself.
W: You look like you had a long day, too. Did you just get home from work?
M: No, I just returned home from an overseas business trip. I spent the last 24 hours in airports and on airplanes. Luckily, I have the next two days off. It’s a rare opportunity.
W: So what are you going to do, since you finally have time to yourself?
M: When I can, I like to go to the beach. I go for a swim, dry off, and lay in the sun with a good book
to read.
W: That sounds very peaceful. It’s nice to be alone sometimes. Of course, there is nothing better than hanging out with your friends.
M: That’s true. Actually, if you’re not doing anything tomorrow, you could come out with me and my friends. We’re going to have lunch, and then go see a movie.
W: I would love to. I don’t work tomorrow, either.
M: Great. Well, I’ll let you watch your TV show. And I’ll go to my room to send some emails to my boss.
W: Don’t be silly. You work too hard. Sit down and watch the show with me. Relax.
M: I guess that’s the best thing to do.
【13题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【14题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【15题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【16题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
17. What time did the speaker expect to hear the alarm?
A. At 7:00. B. At 8:00. C. At9:00.
18. Which piece of the speaker’s clothing was clean?
A. The shirt. B. The pants. C. The tie.
19. Where did the speaker go fight after getting dressed?
A. The kitchen. B. The bathroom. C. The bedroom.
20. How did Karen probably feel in the end?
A. Thankful. B. Worried. C. Surprised.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. B 20. A
【解析】
I usually set my alarm one hour before I start work, but today it started ringing at 9:00. I was already an hour late for work! I rushed into the kitchen and turned on the coffee maker, and hit my big toe on a chair. Then I went back to my room and looked in my closet. I had no clean clothes for work, so I put on my shirt and pants from the day before. At least my tie was washed. Next, I had to comb my hair and brush my teeth. But in my hurry, I knocked my toothbrush in the toilet! I looked in the mirror and made a decision: Think positive, and focus on the rest of the day. And you know what? I had a productive day at work, and finished everything I needed to do early in the day. During lunch, I noticed my colleague Karen looked sad. When I asked her what was wrong, she said she was having a bad day. She was worried that she would have to stay late, and would miss her daughter’s school play. I told her my story and she laughed. Then I helped her finish her work so she could leave on time. She hugged me and thanked me, and it made me feel good. Looking back, I think it was a great day!
【17题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【18题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【19题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
【20题详解】
此题为听力题，解析略。
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
It takes a special person to travel with kids—a parent.Children have their own needs.Their idea of a vacation is more“adventurous”than a parent’s.They need constant inspiration and they can get
as tired as they are tiring.
Make sure you have plenty of room while traveling
If you are driving，get a mini-van.Sure，you might be more of a“car”type，and you might have resisted buying a mini—van so far.But pick up a rental van for the vacation just to give the kids a little more room for fighting.
Accommodations along the way can be tricky.Usually it involves a crowded motel for just long enough to sleep，then back in the crowded car.This is not anybody’s idea of a home away from home.An accommodation alternative is to camp，but not everyone enjoys a good early morning wake-up wrestle with a bear as much as I do，so a motel might be required.
Make sure you have plenty of room when you“get there”
Assuming you are actually heading for a destination，make sure to have lots of room when you get there.This part is easy.But it requires thinking outside the box.Forget hotels，motels，and inns.Look for private rental homes.
Probably the biggest destination for families is Walt Disney World in Florida.Good news—Orlando，Kissimmee and the surrounding area is full of private vacation homes for rent.In Florida they call them vacation villas，and they offer all the space of home.
Be prepared for“children being children”events
Sometimes，stress hits you from behind when the unexpected happens.Like a cut or a scrape…or a child getting sick.Sharon Baillie told me that is why she tells all her villa rental guests where the first-aid case can be found，and exactly where to go for medical attention.This is particularly helpful for her many guests from abroad，who are unfamiliar with the US healthcare system.
Booking tickets to theme parks and making reservations for just about everything in advance makes the trip less stressful.Try having your children baby-sat.Hire a local baby-sitter once or twice.Vacation Home owners can set this up for you，and some hotels might be willing to，too.
21. Where does the author prefer to rest on the way to the destination?
A. In a camp. B. In a mini-van. C. At a motel. D. In a car.
22. What does the underlined word“this”in the last paragraph refer to?
A. Booking tickets in advance. B. Hiring a baby-sitter.
C. Making reservations ahead of time. D. Looking for a tour guide.
23. What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To introduce ways of travelling.
B. To advertise vacation homes for tourists.
C. To reduce the stress while traveling abroad.
D. To show how to travel comfortably with kids.
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了如何和孩子们一起舒适地旅行。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据Make sure you have plenty of room while traveling部分的An accommodation alternative is to camp，but not everyone enjoys a good early morning wake-up wrestle with a bear as much as I do，so a motel might be required.（一种住宿选择是露营，但并不是每个人都像我一样喜欢早起与熊搏斗，所以可能需要一个汽车旅馆）可推知，在去目的地的路上作者更愿意在帐篷里休息。故A选项正确。
【22题详解】
代词指代题。根据划线词前文Hire a local baby-sitter once or twice.（雇用一两次当地的保姆）及划线词所在句Vacation Home owners can set this up for you，and some hotels might be willing to，too.（度假屋的主人可以为你安排这个，一些酒店可能也愿意）可知，this指的是雇用当地保姆这件事。故B选项正确。
【23题详解】
写作目的题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了如何和孩子们一起舒适地旅行。故D选项正确。
【点睛】代词指代题要求同学们根据语境的逻辑关系、判断画线的人称代词或指示代词在文章中指代的对象，包括考查it（指动物，无生命的事物、特定的事件或人），they/them(指代人、物、事件的复数名词)，he/she等人称代词的指代意义，以及指示代词this，that，these，those等在文章中的指代意义，考查同学们对文章中叙述特定的人，物，事件的认知能力。解答这类题时，同学们要认真阅读画线词所在句和前后临近句的内容，分析人称转换和动作变换的详细过程，理清来龙去脉和前后的因果关系，从而准确推断其指代的对象。例如，在第2
小题中，要结合划线词所在句的前文，才能理清this指代的对象。仅凭this所在句是无法推理出其指代意义的。我们根据划线词前文Hire a local baby-sitter once or twice.（雇用一两次当地的保姆）及划线词所在句Vacation Home owners can set this up for you，and some hotels might be willing to，too.（度假屋的主人可以为你安排这个，一些酒店可能也愿意）可知，this指的是雇用当地保姆这件事。故B选项正确。
B
The search engine Google celebrated on Thursday the 110th birthday of the first Native American woman engineer.Google honored Mary Ross with a special Google Doodle on its homepage.
Ross was born on August 9，1908，in the state of Oklahoma.She was the great-granddaughter of John Ross，the longest—serving chief of the Cherokee Nation.Her work is considered important to the early stages of the age of space travel.
Ross showed special abilities in math and science from an early age.As a student，she developed an interest in aviation，or the practice of flying aircraft.She went on to earn a master’s degree in mathematics from Colorado State Teachers College，now called the University of Northern Colorado.
During World War II，Ross began working for the Lockheed Aircraft Corporation as a mathematician.She earned a special certification in the field from the University of California in1949.Ross was later chosen to join Lockheed’s top—secret Skunk Works team that worked on aircraft designs.The name refers to a group that is permitted to work independently on advanced projects.She was the only female engineer among the team’s 40 members.
Early on，she researched defense systems.By the late 1950s，her work centered on satellites and a series of space rockets called Agenda.The rockets were extremely important in the 1960s during the Apollo moon program.
Ross also helped develop early design ideas for space travel between planets，including flyby space flights to study Venus and Mars.Ross retired from Lockheed in 1973.But she continued to give talks at high schools and colleges to encourage more women and Native Americans to study engineering.She died in 2008，a few months before her 100th birthday.
Many celebrated Ross’life on social media.Twitter user Aaron Perez，for example，wrote:“Mary Ross was an engineer who pioneered in the field of satellites.I never would have known
if it wasn’t for the doodle.Women engineers deserve more recognition.”
24. Why did Google celebrate Mary Ross’110th birthday?
A. She invented a new flying aircraft.
B. She had been a great designer ever.
C. She contributed a lot to space travel.
D. She got a master’s degree in mathematics.
25. What did Mary Ross do in the middle of20th century?
A. She worked on Agenda.
B. She gave talks at high schools.
C. She helped women study engineering.
D. She planned the Apollo moon program.
26. Which of the following can best describe Mary Ross?
A. Caring and cautious. B. Talented and creative.
C. Generous and patient. D. Courageous and optimistic.
27. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Social media is very popular in the world.
B. Every Twitter user thinks highly of Mary Ross.
C. More attention should be paid to women engineers.
D. Man has made greater progress in space technology.
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文为说明文。谷歌搜索引擎周四纪念了美国第一位原住民女工程师诞辰110周年。谷歌在其主页上为玛丽•罗斯（Mary Ross）做了一个特殊的谷歌徽标涂鸦。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的Her work is considered important to the early stages of the age of space travel.（她的成就被认为对太空旅行时代的早期阶段至关重要的）可知，谷歌庆祝玛丽·罗斯110岁生日，因为她为太空旅行做出了很多贡献。故C选项正确。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的By the late 1950s，her work centered on satellites and a series of space rockets called Agenda.（20世纪50年代后期，她的工作集中于卫星以及一系列被称为Agenda项目的太空火箭上）可知，在20世纪中期，玛丽•罗斯致力于Agenda项目。故A选项正确。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的Ross showed special abilities in math and science from an early age.（罗斯从小就在数学和科学方面展现出特殊能力）及下文对玛丽•罗斯所取得的成就的介绍可知，玛丽•罗斯是一位有才华和创造力的杰出工程师。故B选项正确。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的I never would have known if it wasn’t for the doodle.Women engineers deserve more recognition.（如果不是谷歌徽标涂鸦，我永远不会知道这些。女性工程师应该得到更大认可）可推知，我们应该更多地关注女工程师。故C选项正确。
【点睛】细节事实理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。此外，在阅读中可以使用定位法与跳读法解决细节理解题。定位法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息直接从原文中找到相应的句子(即定位)，然后进行比较和分析(尤其要注意一些同义转换)，从而找出正确答案。跳读法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息跳读原文，并找到相关的句子(有时可能是几个句子)或段落，然后进行分析和推理等，从而找出正确答案。
以本文第2小题为例，本题运用定位法：我们根据题干中What did Mary Ross do in the middle of 20th century?，其关键词是the middle of 20th century，从而直接定位到含有the middle of 20th century的同义词意的文段——倒数第三段中的By the late 1950s，her work centered on satellites and a series of space rockets called Agenda.（20世纪50年代后期，她的工作集中于卫星以及一系列被称为Agenda项目的太空火箭上）可知，在20世纪中期，玛丽•罗斯致力于Agenda项目。故A选项正确。
C
An unconventional new initiative(首创)in Canada will soon allow doctors to prescribe art to their patients—by giving them free access to a local museum.Wandering through the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts(MMFA)，these patients and their loved ones will be able to feast their eyes on the peaceful collections of art.
The initiative is the first of its kind in the world.And while you certainly can’t replace a conventional treatment with a couple of paintings，the idea is for such“prescriptions”to assist a person’s current treatment plan.Under the new program，members of the Francophone Association of Doctors in Canada(MFDC)will be able to hand out up to 50 prescriptions for their patients.
These prescriptions will be available for those with a wide range of mental and physical illnesses，and each of them will allow two adults and two children to visit the museum for free.
“By offering free admission to a safe，welcoming place，a relaxing experience，a moment of relief，and an opportunity to strengthen ties with loved ones，MMFA—MFDC Museum Prescriptions contribute to the patient’s well-being and recovery，”explains a news conference from the MMFA.
It may look a lot like a marketing effort for the museum but there’s also increasing evidence that the display of visual art，especially if it’s showing nature，can have positive effects on health outcomes.
In some ways，the benefits of looking at art appear a little similar to physical activity.A systematic review of clinical art therapy(疗法) found that visual art has significant and positive effects on depression，anxiety，mood，and self-esteem.Findings like these are slowly gaining attraction in the medical community，making artwork a higher priority(优先)in hospitals around the world.
In the US，nearly half of all health care institutions have reported including art in health care programming，such as art therapy and the placement of visual art in hospitals.With spaces dedicated(专用的)to art therapy and also a medical consultation room，the MMFA already provides services for people with mental health issues，eating disorders，and Alzheimer’s disease，just to name a few.
28. How will some Canadian doctors treat their patients?
A. Introducing fine arts to their patients.
B. Feasting them in a peaceful and welcoming place.
C. Keeping them company through the Montreal Museum.
D. Giving them a prescription to access a local museum for free.
29. MMFA thinks the new initiative in Canada can be_______.
A. a help with patients’recovery B. a chance to make friends
C. the best option for the treatment plan D. a substitute for conventional treatment
30. Why does the museum join in the program?
A. To make visual art known to the public. B. To promote the museum into market.
C. To strengthen ties with doctors. D. To advance the science of medicine.
31. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. Fine arts will take the place of medicine.
B. Artists rarely suffer from some mental diseases.
C. More than 50 prescriptions are available for patients.
D. Art will be included in Canadian doctors’prescriptions.
【答案】28. D 29. A 30. B 31. D
【解析】
本文为说明文。加拿大一项非常规的新举措不久将允许医生给病人开艺术处方——让他们免费进入当地的博物馆，这些处方将用于那些有广泛的心理和生理疾病。文章介绍了这一新举措.
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的An unconventional new initiative in Canada will soon allow doctors to prescribe art to their patients—by giving them free access to a local museum.（加拿大一项非常规的新举措不久将允许医生给病人开艺术处方——让他们免费进入当地的博物馆）可知，一些加拿大的医生可以给他们的病人开一张免费进入当地博物馆的处方。故D选项正确。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的MMFA—MFDC Museum Prescriptions contribute to the patient’s well-being and recovery（MMFA - MFDC博物馆处方有助于患者的健康和康复）可知，MMFA认为加拿大的新举措可以帮助病人恢复健康。故A选项正确。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的It may look a lot like a marketing effort for the museum（它可能看起来很像博物馆的营销努力）可推知，博物馆加入该计划，是为了推动博物馆进入市场。故B选项正确。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。全文介绍了加拿大一项非常规的新举措——允许医生给病人开艺术处方——让他们免费进入当地的博物馆。由此可知，艺术将被包括在加拿大医生的处方中。故D
选项正确。
D
We often seek food after focused mental activity，like preparing for an exam.Researchers guess that too much thinking consumes a lot of energy from the brain.So the brain，sensing that it may soon require more calories to keep going，apparently leads to bodily hunger，and even though there has been little physical movement，we eat.
The researchers note that tiring activity both increases the amount of blood sugar and lactate(乳酸盐)circulating in the blood and increases blood flow to the head.
Because the brain uses sugar and lactate as fuel，researchers wondered if the increased flow of fuel—rich blood during exercise could feed a worn—out brain and reduce the urge to overeat.
Thirty—eight healthy college students were invited to determine their fitness and metabolic(新陈代谢)rates and to report what their favorite pizza was.Afterward，they sat quietly for 35 minutes before being given as much of their favorite pizza as they wanted.At a later date，the volunteers returned and spent 20 minutes making selections from college and graduate-school entrance exams.
Next，half the students sat quietly for 15 minutes，before being given pizza.The rest of the volunteers spent those 15 minutes doing intervals on a treadmill(跑步机)two minutes of hard running followed by about one minute of walking，repeated five times.These students were then allowed to gorge on pizza，too.But by and large，they did not overeat.
When the researchers factored in(将……作为因素考虑)the calories burnt on running，they determined that those students actually consumed 200 fewer total calories after their brain workouts than the resting students.
The researchers do not know if the runners consumed extra calories at dinner.They also cannot tell whether other types of exercise would have the same effect as running，although the researchers say they suspect that if an activity causes someone to break into a sweat，it should also increase blood sugar and lactate，feeding the brain and weakening hungers call.
32. What do we learn from the first paragraph?
A. We eat for more physical movements.
B. A busy brain can make one hungry.
C. Energy from the brain can’t be used up.
D. An exam results in caloric consumption most.
33. What can a physical movement do?
A. Increase blood flow. B. Increase the amount of blood sugar.
C. Urge one to eat more. D. Make the brain tied.
34. What does the underlined phrase“gorge on”in paragraph 5 mean?
A. Eat. B. Purchase. C. Taste. D. Obtain.
35. What do the researchers want to know from the study?
A. Whether brain uses sugar and lactate as fuel.
B. Whether brain can be tired during exercise.
C. Whether exercise can reduce eating desire.
D. Whether exercise increases blood sugar.
【答案】32. B 33. A 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文为说明文。研究人员猜测，过多的思考消耗了大脑的大量能量，这显然会导致身体饥饿。研究人员指出，疲劳的活动不仅会增加血液中循环的血糖和乳酸的含量，还会增加流向头部的血液流量。由于大脑使用糖和乳酸作为燃料，研究人员想知道，在运动过程中增加的富含燃料的血液流量，是否能让疲惫的大脑得到补充，并减少暴饮暴食的冲动。文章介绍了这项研究。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的Researchers guess that too much thinking consumes a lot of energy from the brain.So the brain，sensing that it may soon require more calories to keep going，apparently leads to bodily hunger（研究人员猜测，过多的思考消耗了大脑的大量能量。因此，大脑感觉到它可能很快就需要更多的卡路里来维持运转，显然会导致身体饥饿）可知，忙碌的大脑会让人感到饥饿。故B选项正确。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的The researchers note that tiring activity both increases the amount of blood sugar and lactate(乳酸盐)circulating in the blood and increases blood flow to the head.（研究人员指出，疲劳的活动不仅会增加血液中循环的血糖和乳酸的含量，还会增加流向头部的血液流量）可知，身体运动能增加血液流动。故A选项正确。
【34题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第五段中的Next，half the students sat quietly for 15 minutes，before being given pizza.（接下来，一半的学生安静地坐了15分钟，然后吃披萨）及划线词句中的too可知，这些学生也可以吃披萨。根据下文But by and large, they did not overeat.（总的来说，他们没有吃得太多）也可得知，划线词意为“吃”。故A选项正确。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的Because the brain uses sugar and lactate as fuel，researchers wondered if the increased flow of fuel—rich blood during exercise could feed a worn—out brain and reduce the urge to overeat.（由于大脑使用糖和乳酸作为燃料，研究人员想知道，在运动过程中增加的富含燃料的血液流量，是否能让疲惫的大脑得到补充，并减少暴饮暴食的冲动）可知，研究人员想从这项研究中知道，运动是否能降低食欲。故C选项正确。
【点睛】依据逻辑推理猜测词义：运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式。要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文中相关的词汇并结合具体的语境，从形式和内容上把握语言之间的内在联系，理顺语言之间的逻辑关系，进而达到猜词的目的。在第3小题中，考生可以根据第五段中的Next，half the students sat quietly for 15 minutes，before being given pizza.（接下来，一半的学生安静地坐了15分钟，然后吃披萨）及划线词句中的too可知，这些学生也可以吃披萨。根据下文But by and large, they did not overeat.（总的来说，他们没有吃得太多）也可得知，划线词意为“吃”。故A选项正确。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Penguins are flightless birds that spend half their time on land and half in the water.
___36___ They have dark and white feathers，and their wings have evolved into flippers(脚蹼).Most penguins feed on fish，squid and other forms of sea life caught while swimming.
___37___ They are mostly found in groups that include thousands of penguins.Penguins each have their own unique mating call，and they use that to locate their mate and chicks in such a large group.
Although almost all penguin species are native to the Southern Hemisphere, they are not found
only in cold Antarctica.___38___ Several species are even found in the temperate zone, and one species，the Galátpagos penguin，lives near the equator(赤道).
Unfortunately, many penguin species worldwide are facing threats.The biggest is climate change and global warming. As the earth warms up，the sheets of ice have melted，and the algae(藻类)that grow under the ice decrease.The algae are eaten by tiny creatures called zooplankton. When there is a drop in zooplankton, it affects the fish that depend on it.___39___
Another major threat is from oil spills. If coated with oil, penguins cannot float or swim in water. Also, if oil is swallowed, penguins will die from poison.___40___
A.These birds are very social.
B.In fact, only a few of them live so far south.
C.Penguins are highly adapted for life in the water.
D.The biggest threat for penguins comes from humans.
E.They have a tendency to live in a community together.
F.As a result，penguins have less fish to eat and thus starve.
G.Others include overfishing，illegal egg harvesting，and natural enemies.
【答案】36. C 37. A
38. B 39. F
40. G
【解析】
本文为说明文。文章介绍了企鹅的习性和种类，介绍了目前面临的威胁。
【36题详解】
根据下文They have dark and white feathers，and their wings have evolved into flippers.（他们有黑色和白色的羽毛，翅膀已经演变成脚蹼）可知，C项“企鹅非常适应水中的生活”符合此处语境。故C选项正确。
【37题详解】
根据下文They are mostly found in groups that include thousands of penguins.（它们大多生活在包括数千只企鹅在内的群体中）可知，A项“这些鸟很合群”符合此处语境。故A选项正确。
【38题详解】
根据上文they are not found only in cold Antarctica.（它们并不只存在于寒冷的南极洲）及下文Several species are even found in the temperate zone, and one species，the Galátpagos penguin, lives near the equator.（在温带甚至发现了几种企鹅，其中一种加拉帕戈斯企鹅生活在赤道附近）可知，B项“事实上，它们中只有少数住在如此遥远的南方”符合此处语境。故B选项正确。
【39题详解】
根据上文When there is a drop in zooplankton, it affects the fish that depend on it.（当浮游动物减少时，它会影响到依赖它的鱼类）可知，F项“结果，企鹅吃的鱼少了，因此饿死了”符合此处语境。故F选项正确。
【40题详解】
根据上文Unfortunately, many penguin species worldwide are facing threats.The biggest is climate change and global warming.（不幸的是，世界上许多企鹅物种都面临着威胁。最大的问题是气候变化和全球变暖）及Another major threat is from oil spills.（另一个主要威胁来自石油泄漏）可知，G项“其它（的威胁）包括过度捕捞、非法采卵和天敌”符合此处语境。故G选项正确。
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Ten years ago I was visiting Costa Rica when I found I was in a bad situation. I only knew basic Spanish，and the only ___41___ I had was some coins and a return ticket to Guatemala in two weeks.
With the coins，I managed to arrive at Santa Rosa by bus. It was ___42___ in the middle of the night，but I could see some ___43___ in the distance，so I ___44___ toward them.
I went ___45___ door to door，explaining my situation. “I can ___46___ and clean and look after your kids，I can do anything，can you give me a ___47___ ?”Everybody replied saying “Oh my gosh，but we are so ___48___.We have no extra food. Maybe you can try the next ___49___.”
Finally，I arrived at a Chinese restaurant，the owner of which was incredibly ____50____ .She told me that her son had a(n) ____51____ experience. At that time，some other people were very kind to him，and she remembered how ____52____ that made her feel. She called the Red Cross to ____53____me.With their help, I spent my ____54____ days in Costa Rica.
I've ____55____ all over the world. But this was one of the best trips，the best two ____56____ I ever had in my traveling life.
At first，I felt ____57____ and stupid for not traveling with a clear plan. But then I realized that when you’re in a position to be able to ____58____，it actually makes people feel happier. Being able to receive kindness is a ____59____ for other people as well. And kindness ____60____ more kindness in small ripples(涟漪).
41. A. possession B. file C. choice D. fortune
42. A. busy B. dark C. hot D. cold
43. A. stores B. bus-stops C. bookshops D. houses
44. A. wandered B. fled C. walked D. jumped
45. A. knocking B. hitting C. answering D. kicking
46. A. cook B. fish C. swim D. fight
47. A. coffee B. bed C. tip D. job
48. A. unlucky B. poor C. mean D. hard
49. A. company B. factory C. restaurant D. family
50. A. honest B. polite C. kind D. easygoing
51. A. similar B. different C. relaxing D. pleasant
52. A. tough B. grateful C. awkward D. warm
53. A. seize B. check C. find D. rescue
54. A. passing B. remaining C. rewarding D. exciting
55. A. surveyed B. driven C. studied D. traveled
56. A. days B. weeks C. months D. years
57. A. fortunate B. optimistic C. guilty D. curious
58. A. offer B. help C. receive D. repay
59. A. gift B. talent C. chance D. character
60. A. proves B. reflects C. forces D. inspires
【答案】41. A 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. A 46. A 47. D 48. B 49. D 50. C 51. A 52. B 53. D 54. B 55. D 56. B 57. C 58. C 59. A 60. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文为记叙文。十年前，作者在哥斯达黎加旅行时，发现自己的处境很糟糕。他只知道基本的西班牙语，而他拥有的唯一财产是一些硬币和一张两周后去危地马拉的往返票。他到处求助，直到有一位中国餐馆的老板帮助了他。然后作者意识到，当你处于能够接受的位置时，它实际上会让人们感到更快乐。能够接受善意也是给别人的一份礼物。而善意会在小小的涟漪中激起更多的善意。
【41题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. possession财产；B. file文件；C. choice选择；D. fortune财富，命运。根据下文some coins and a return ticket to Guatemala in two weeks可知，作者拥有的唯一财产是一些硬币和一张两周后去危地马拉的往返票。故A项正确。
【42题详解】
考查形容词辨析A. busy忙碌的；B. dark黑暗的；C. hot热的；D. cold冷的。根据下文in the middle of the night可知，半夜的时候，天已经黑了。故B项正确。
【43题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. stores商店；B. bus-stops公交车站；C. bookshops书店；D. houses房子。根据下文I went ___5___ door to door，explaining my situation.可知，但作者能看到远处的一些房子。故D项正确。
【44题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. wandered徘徊，漫步；B. fled逃离；C. walked走；D. jumped跳。根据语境，此处指作者走向那些房子。故C项正确。
【45题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. knocking敲；B. hitting击打；C. answering回答；D. kicking踢。作者去挨家挨户地敲门，解释自己的情况。故A项正确。
【46题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. cook做饭；B. fish钓鱼；C. swim游泳；D. fight飞行。根据语境可知，此处指作者说自己会做饭、打扫卫生和照看孩子。故A项正确。
【47题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. coffee咖啡；B. bed床；C. tip小费，建议；D. job工作。作者在问能不能给他一份工作。故D项正确。
【48题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. unlucky不幸的；B. poor贫穷的；C. mean吝啬的；D. hard困难的。根据下文We have no extra food.可知，每个人都回答说“我的天，但是我们太穷了。”故B项正确。
【49题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. company公司；B. factory工厂；C. restaurant餐厅；D. family家庭。根据上文I went ___5___ door to door可知，人们建议作者也许可以试试下一个家庭。故D项正确。
【50题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. honest诚实的；B. polite礼貌的；C. kind善良的；D. easygoing脾气随和的。根据下文.She called the Red Cross to ___13___me.With their help.可知，最后，作者来到一家中国餐馆，这家餐馆的老板非常友善。故C项正确。
【51题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. similar相似的；B. different不同的；C. relaxing令人轻松的；D. pleasant令人愉快的。根据下文At that time，some other people were very kind to her，and she remembered how ___12___ that made her feel.可知，老板告诉作者，她的儿子也有类似的经历。故A项正确。
【52题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. tough艰难的；B. grateful感激的；C. awkward尴尬的；D. warm温暖的。那时，其他一些人对他很好，她记得那使她感到多么感激。故B项正确。
【53题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. seize抓；B. check检查；C. find发现；D. rescue援救。老板打电话给红十字会来救助作者。故D项正确。
【54题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. passing传递；B. remaining逗留；C. rewarding奖励；D. exciting激起。在他们的帮助下，作者在哥斯达黎加停留了几天。故B项正确。
【55题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. surveyed调查；B. driven开车；C. studied研究；D. traveled旅行。根据语境可知，作者周游了世界。故D项正确。
【56题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. days天；B. weeks周；C. months月；D. years年。根据上文the only ___1___ I had was some coins and a return ticket to Guatemala in two weeks.可知，这是作者旅行生涯中最棒的一次旅行，也是作者旅行生涯中最棒的两周。故B项正确。
【57题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. fortunate幸运的；B. optimistic乐观的；C. guilty内疚的；D. curious好奇的。根据下文stupid for not traveling with a clear plan可知，起初，作者为没有一个清晰的旅行计划而感到内疚和愚蠢。故C项正确。
【58题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. offer提供；B. help帮助；C. receive收到；D. repay回报。根据下文Being able to receive kindness is a ___19___ for other people as well.可知，然后作者意识到，当你处于能够接受的位置时，它实际上会让人们感到更快乐。故C项正确。
【59题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. gift礼物；B. talent天赋；C. chance机会；D. character性格。能够接受善意也是给别人的一份礼物。故A项正确。
【60题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. proves证明；B. reflects反映；C. forces强迫；D. inspires激发。而善意会在小小的涟漪中激起更多的善意。故D项正确。
【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第1小题要求判断出作者拥有的唯一的什么。该题可根据下文some coins and a return ticket to Guatemala in two weeks可知，作者拥有的唯一财产是一些硬币和一张两周后去危地马拉的往返票。第2小题，要求判断出天是怎么样的，根据下文in the middle of the night可知，半夜的时候，天应该是黑了。第3小题，要求判断出作者看到了远处的什么。根据下文I went ___5___ door to door，explaining my situation.可知，但作者能看到远处的一些房子。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。
Beijing’s Forbidden City is a place full of wonders. From its thousands of rooms to its many beautiful artifacts，it’s no wonder it is one of China’s most popular scenic ___61___(spot).But even more than 600 years after it ___62___ (build)，it’s still managing to serve up surprises.
The Forbidden City draws visitors because of its rich history and ___63___(culture) significance，but perhaps it should add one more thing to its list of attractions: earthquake shelter. While most structures aren’t made ___64___ (survive)natural disasters，the Forbidden City seems to withstand anything.
To show how strong the ancient Chinese architecture really is，___65___ model of one of the Forbidden City’s palaces was put to the test. It survived a simulated(模拟的) earthquake of 9.5 on the Richter scale—equal to the ___66___ (1arge)ever recorded quake. Instead of falling apart，the model was just moved gently during the test.
According to experts，the key ___67___ the Forbidden City’s strength，as well as other ancient Chinese structures， ___68___ (1ie)in dougong(斗栱)—a centuries-old building method invented in China. Ancient Chinese craftsmen created structures ___69___ were both enduring(耐用)and elegant，______70______ (show)their advanced understanding of mathematics，architecture，materials，and structural science.
【答案】61. spots
62. was built
63. cultural
64. to survive
65. a 66. largest
67. to 68. lies
69. that/which
70. showing
【解析】
本文为说明文。文章主要讲述了北京紫禁城的历史和它的神奇之处，让人们对紫禁城作为最受欢迎的旅游目的地之一有了更加深刻的认识和了解。
【61题详解】
考查名词复数。根据空前one of可知，此处应使用名词复数。故填spots。
【62题详解】
考查语态。句意：但即使是在它建成600多年后，它仍能带来惊喜。根据句意，此处应使用被动语态，再根据even more than 600 years after可知，应使用一般过去时。故填was built。
【63题详解】
考查形容词。此处修饰significance，做定语，应使用形容词。故填cultural。
【64题详解】
考查不定式。句意：虽然大多数建筑都不是为在自然灾害中幸存而建造的，但故宫似乎能承受任何东西。be made to do sth.“被用来做某事”。故填to survive。
【65题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：为了展示中国古代建筑的实力，一座紫禁城宫殿的模型被测试。此处泛指“一个模型”，应使用不定冠。故填a。
【66题详解】
考查形容词最高级。根据句中earthquake of 9.5 on the Richter scale可知，此处指“这相当于有记录以来最大的地震”。故填largest。
【67题详解】
考查介词。key与介词to搭配，意为“紫禁城强大的关键”。故填to。
【68题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：专家表示，故宫和其他中国古代建筑的实力，关键在于斗拱——中国发明的一种有数百年历史的建筑方法。主语是the key，谓语动词应使用单数形式。故填lies。
【69题详解】
考查定语从句。先行词是structures，关系词在从句中做主语，应使用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。
【70题详解】
考查现在分词。show与主语Ancient Chinese craftsmen 是逻辑主谓关系，应使用现在分词，表主动。故填showing。
第四部分 写作(共两节；满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题:每题1分，满分10分)
71.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用(＼)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last week I went to countryside to visit my parents.I enjoyed the warmly family atmosphere.That evening，a group of local actor came to give a performance in the village hall.When the news gets around，excitement filled the whole village.Unluckily，my glasses was broken.As a result，I couldn’t go and watch it.All my parents went to the hall，which many villagers had waited anxiously.I did nothing but sit on the sofa，listened to English programs on the radio.Two hours later，I heard a knock over the door.The performance was finished and my parents returned back home.
【答案】countryside前面加上the
warmly→warm
actor→actors
gets→got
was→were
All→Both
which→where
listened→listening
over→at/on
去掉back
【解析】
【分析】
本文为记叙文。文章记叙了上周作者去乡下看望父母所经历的一件事情。
【详解】第一处：考查冠词。countryside前必须要加定冠词，属于固定用法。故countryside前面加上the。
第二处：考查形容词。此处修饰family atmosphere，做定语，应使用形容词。故warmly改为warm。
第三处：考查名词复数。根据a group of 可知，此处应使用名词复数。故actor改为actors。
第四处：考查时态。根据语境可知，此处描述的是上周的事情，应使用一般过去时。故gets改为got。
第五处：考查主谓一致。主语是my glasses ，谓语动词应使用复数形式。故was改为were。
第六处：考查代词。all指“三者（或三者以上）都”，both“两者都”。此处指“我的父母都去大厅了”。故All改为Both。
第七处：考查定语从句。此处先行词是the hall，关系词在从句中做地点状语，应使用关系副词。故which改为where
第八处：考查现在分词。此处与主语I之间是逻辑主谓关系，应使用现在分词，表主动。故listened改为listening。
第九处：考查介词。knock over“打翻，撞倒”，knock at/on“敲（门、窗等）”。故over改为at/on。
第十处：考查动词用法。return“返回”，home是副词，back明显多余。故去掉back。
【点睛】名词复数是改错题中常考考点，同学们一定要记清名词的属性，即是可数名词还是不可数名词。判断名词单复数时，要注意名词的修饰、限定词，如本题第三处，根据限定词组a group of“一组、一群”可知，此处应使用名词复数。还有像several，one of…，数词等，也是常有限定词（组）。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
72.假定你是新华中学高三学生李华，英国某中学代表团下周三将到你校访问交流。请你代表师生写一篇欢迎词，内容包括:
1.欢迎来访；
2.介绍活动安排(参观学校，文化交流，观看演出等):
3.表达祝愿。
注意:
1.字数100词左右:
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】My distinguished guests,
My name is Li Hua. It is my honor and privilege to welcome you to Xinhua Middle School. During your stay at our school, I will first show you around our school. Then, we are to have a deep communication for teachers and students on language and culture of China and UK, following an art performance. After that, you will be taken to several host families, where you can enjoy some typical Chinese food.I hope everybody finds your stay here an enjoyable experience and your visit will surely promote our friendship.
Thank you!
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一篇欢迎词。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一篇欢迎词；假定你是新华中学高三学生李华，英国某中学代表团下周三将到你校访问交流。请你代表师生写一篇欢迎词，内容包括：1.欢迎来访；2.介绍活动安排(参观学校，文化交流，观看演出等)；3.表达祝愿。人称使用第一、二人称，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：be one’s honor and privilege to do（做某事是某人的荣幸），welcome you to Xinhua Middle School（欢迎你们来到新华中学），show you around our school（带你们参观校园），communication on language and culture of China and UK（中英语言文化交流），performance（演出）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如It做形式主语It is my honor and privilege to welcome you to Xinhua Middle School.；非谓语动词的运用Then, we are to have a deep communication for teachers and students on language and culture of China and UK, following an art performance.；定语从句After that, you will be taken to several host families, where you can enjoy some typical Chinese food.全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
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