沙市中学2015级
2018年元月考英语试卷
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What does the woman ask John to do?
A. Leave the room for a moment. B. Have a discussion with Pete. C.Get something to eat.
2.How much will the speakers pay for the match?
A.￡24. B.￡42. C.￡48.
3.Why can't the woman pick up the man now? .
A.Her car is under repair.
B.She can't open the car door.
C.She locked her car keys in her house.
4.Where are the speakers?
A.In a restaurant. B.In the man's office. C.In a theater.
5.How does the man feel?
A.Relieved. B.Worried. C.Angry.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题。每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What are the speakers talking about?
A.A notebook computer. B.A mobile phone. C.A new T-shirt.
7.What can the tiny computers do?
A.Receive messages. B.Switch lights on and off. C.Operate the air conditioner.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.What is the woman doing?
A.Deciding on the time for a holiday trip.
B.Learning about some festival customs.
C.Looking through her schedule.
9.When is Easter this year?
A.April 6th. B.April 8th. C.April 9th.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.How will the man go to the Art Museum?
A.By motorbike. B.By bus. C.By car.
11.What should the man do when he comes to the third turning?
A.Turn right. B.Turn left. C.Go straight.
12.Where is the Art Museum?
A.Opposite a bus station. B.Beside a hotel. C.Behind a bank.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.How often will the man be available to work?
A.No more than two evenings a week.
B.Up to three evenings a week.
C.At least three evenings a week.
14.Why does the man apply for a part-time job?
A.To gain work experience. B.To improve his social skills. C.To earn money.
15.What is the man good at?
A.Solving problems. B.Communicating with people. C.Working in a group.
16.What will the man do on September 10th?
A.Have a lesson. B.Work for the community. C.Meet the woman.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.From whom did the speaker get the information of the project?
A.Her neighbors. B.Her cousins. C.Her friends.
18.Where did the speaker come from?
A.China. B.Thailand. C.Australia.
19.What does the speaker ask her family to do?
A. Learn about sea animals. B. Recycle as much as possible.
C.Take part in the cleaning project.
20.What will One-Day Clean-up focus on January 11th next year?
A. The woodlands. B. The seaside. C. he rivers.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Come See Harvard for Yourself
Summer 2015 schedule
From August 10, 2015 to August 21, 2015, all admissions information sessions and tours will originate at Agassiz House, 5 James Street, Cambridge, MA. The schedule will feature information sessions each weekday at 10 am and 2pm, followed by tours of the campus at 11am. and 3pm. During this particular period, we expect a high volume of visitors, potentially resulting in large information sessions and tour groups. Instead, you may prefer to choose a different point in the calendar, or opt to use one of our self-guided tour maps during your visit. Traditional points of interest such as Harvard Yard, Memorial Hall, the Fogg and Peabody Museums can be found easily on any of our campus maps.
Information sessions and tours
Admissions officers, often with undergraduates, present information and answer questions about admission to the college, financial aid, academics, extracurricular activities and residential life at Harvard. Tours are led by current undergraduates and provide a perspective on daily life on campus. Admissions tours last approximately 75 minutes and focus on undergraduate life at Harvard. They are intended for students considering entrance to the College. For historical tours, visit the Harvard Information Center.
Virtual tour of Harvard College
We know that many students will not be able to visit colleges before applying. As an alternative, we strongly recommend our virtual tour. Student guides lead you through the places in which they live and learn, including dorm rooms, classrooms, Widener Library, the freshman dining hall and more.
21. Which of the following is the best time for you to attend an admissions information session?
A. 10 am, a Sunday in August. B. 11 am, a Saturday in August
C. 2 pm, a Wednesday in August. D. 3 pm, a Friday in August.
22. Who are least likely to participate in the information sessions and tours?
A. admissions officers . B. undergraduates.
C. potential applicants. D. professors in Harvard.
23. What is an alternative for the students who can not visit Harvard before applying?
A. information from a guidebook. B. an online tour of the campus.
C. a letter from admissions office. D. communication with undergraduates.
B
Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced still swim as well as ever since. A man when he gets back who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins "Twinkle, twinkle, little star", remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.
One explanation is the law of overlearning, which can be stated as follows: Once we have learned something, additional learning trials increase the length of time we will remember it.
In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as "Twinkle, twinkle, little star" and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks. We not only learn but overlearn.
The multiplication tables（乘法口诀表）are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.
The law of over learning explains why cramming（突击学习）for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary for one's future development.
24. What is the main idea of paragraph 1?
A. Stories for children are easy to remember.
B. Poem reading is a good way to learn words.
C. Children have a better memory than grown-ups.
D. People remember well what they learned in childhood.
25. The author explains the law of overlearning by_________.
A. presenting research findings B. setting down general rules
C. making a comparison D. using examples
26. According to the author, being able to use multiplication tables is_______.
A. a skill to deal with math problems B. a special case of cramming
C. a result of overlearning D. a basic step towards advanced studies
27. What is the author's opinion on cramming?
A. It's helpful only in a limited way. B. It leads to failure in college exams.
C. It's possible to result in poor memory. D. It increases students' learning interest.
C
While taking my boat down the inland waterway to Florida a few weeks ago, I decided to tie up at Georgetown, South Carolina, for the night and visit with an old friend. As we approached the Esso dock, I saw him through my telescope standing there awaiting us. Tall and straight as an arrow he stood, facing a cold, biting wind—truly a picture of a strongman, even though his next birthday will make him eighty-two. Yes, the man was our elder statesman (政治家), Bernard Baruch.
We drove off to his famous Hobcaw Barony for dinner. We sat and talked in the great living room where many famous people and statesmen, including Roosevelt and Churchill, have sat. In his eighty-second year, still a human dynamic person, Mr. Baruch talks not of the past but of present problems and the future, disapproving of and criticizing our ignorance of history, economics, and psychology. What is the secret of this great man’s value to the world at eighty-one? The answer is his unsatisfied desire to keep being productive.
Two of the hardest things to accomplish in this world are to acquire wealth by honest effort and to learn how to use it properly. Recently I walked into the locker room(更衣室) of a rather well-known golf club after finishing a round. It was in the late afternoon and most of the members had left for their homes. But a half-dozen or so men past middle age were still seated at tables
talking aimlessly and drinking more than was good for them. These same men can be found there day after day and, strangely enough, each one of these men had been a man of affairs and wealth, successful in business and respected in the community. If abundant material were the chief necessity for happiness, then each one should have been happy. Yet, it seemed to me, something very important was missing. They knew, each one of them, that their productivity had ceased. When a fruit tree ceases to bear its fruit, it is dying. And it is even so with man.
What is the answer to a long and happy existence in this world of ours? I think I found it long ago in a passage from the book of Genesis which caught my eye. The words were few, but they became memorably impressed on my mind: “In the sweat of the face shall you eat the bread.”
To me, that has been a challenge from my earliest memories. In fact, the battle of life, of existence, is a challenge to everyone. The great words of St. Paul, too, have been and always will be a great inspiration to me. At the end of the road I want to be able to feel that I have fought a good fight, I have finished the course, I have kept the faith.
28. The passage above is most probably taken from ______.
A. a photography book B. an autobiography
C. a science fiction D. a USA travel brochure
29. We learn from the passage that Bernard Baruch _____.
A. was a statesman who was out of condition
B. was fond of associating with famous people
C. held a positive attitude towards an active life
D. kept a secret of the reason why he was so strong
30. Which of the following is indicated in the 3rd and 4th paragraph?
A. It's hard to judge a person's success.
B. Keeping being productive keeps a man alive.
C. No way can be found to escape the realities of life.
D. Wealth alone will bring people life-long happiness.
31. What is implied in the passage by the writer?
A. If you cease to struggle, you cease to live.
B. Where there is a will, there is a way.
C. To use wealth properly, eat, drink and be merry.
D. As life is but like a dream, a man is like a tree.
D
On the occasional clear-frost autumn night, I was hiking through the dark forest with my GMO wolf. Yes, my best friend is a genetically modified organism（转基因生物）; deliberate selection has produced the blunt-toothed, small-pawed wonder that walks by my side.
Our world is changing rapidly. In the last five decades, global population has fully doubled, with 3.7 billion hungry mouths added to our planet. During this same time span, the amount of land suitable for agriculture has increased by only 5%. However, this did not result in the great global famine(饥荒) one might have predicted.
How do scientists alter（改变） a plant so that it makes more food than its parents did? We could treat each harvest like a litter of wolf pups and select only plants bearing the fattest, richest seeds for the next season. This was the method our ancestors used to engineer rice, corn and wheat from the wild grasses they encountered.
During my childhood, advances in genetic technologies allowed scientists to identify and clone the genes responsible for shorter, stronger plants that could bear more seeds—the high-production crops that feed us today. The 21st century has brought with it a marvelous new set of high-tech tools with which to further quicken the process of artificial selection. Plant geneticists can now directly edit out or edit in sections of DNA using molecular(分子的) scissors. We can minimize a plant’s weaknesses while adding to its strengths, and we don’t have to wait for seasons to pass to test the result.
It is the transformative potential of these techniques to quickly supply the next-generation crops required for upcoming climate change that has led me to believe in the safety and function of GMO plants in agricultural products. We need more GMO research to feed the world that we are creating.
I love the quiet forest that stands between my lab and my home. But I know that as a scientist, I am responsible first to humanity. We must feed, shelter and nurture（培养）one another as our first priority, and to do so, we must take advantage of our best technologies, which have always included some type of genetic alteration. We must continue as before, developing the future as we feed ourselves, and each year plant only the very best of what we have collectively engineered. I keep the faith of my ancestors each night when I walk through the forest to my lab, and my GMO wolf does the same when she guards my way home.
32. Why does the author mention the wolf in the 1st paragraph?
A. To introduce a technology used to humans’ advantage
B. To persuade readers to welcome the new technology
C. To change people’s attitude towards wolves
D. To advise people to keep wolves as pets
33. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A. GMO technology will help weatherproof(防风雨的) future crops.
B. With GMO technology, famine has been wiped out.
C. Artificial selections make high-yield plants possible.
D. The author believes technology should contribute to future generations.
34. What can be learned about modifying a plant?
A. It takes scientists seasons to know whether their selection is correct.
B. One way for ancestors to change a plant was to clone some genes.
C. Modern techniques help speed up the artificial selection by altering DNA.
D. The general public show strong faith in GMO plants.
35. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A. GMO Technology—Turning Wolves into the Best Pets
B. Engineered Food—Feeding Future Generations
C. Engineered Food—To Be or Not To Be
D. GMO Technology—A Driving Force in World Peace
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Kids' health: Four steps for fighting stress
36 Different people feel stress in different ways.Some ways of dealing with stress – like screaming or hitting someone -- don't solve much. But other ways, like talking to someone you trust, can lead you to solving your problem or at least feeling better.
Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed:
（1）Get support. When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you. Talk to a trusted adult, such as a parent or other relatives. 37 They might have had similar problems, such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet.
（2）Don't take it out on yourself. Sometimes when kids are stressed and upset they take it out on themselves. Oh, dear, that's not a good idea. Remember that there are always people to help you. Don't take it out on yourself. 38
（3）Try to solve the problem. After you're calm and you have support from adults and friends, it's time to get down to business. 39 Even if you can't solve it all, you can solve a piece of it.
（4）Be positive. Most stress is temporary. Remember stress does go away, especially when you figure out the problem and start working on solving it.
These steps aren't magic, but they do work. And if you can stay positive as you make your way through a tough time, you'll help yourself feel better even faster. 40
A. Everybody gets stressed from time to time.
B. You need to figure out what the problem is.
C. Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.
D. Ah, it feels so good when the stress is gone.
E. Notice your friends' feelings and find a way to help them.
F. Then, find a way to calm down.
G. And don't forget about your friends.
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I went to a group activity, “Sensitivity (体恤) Sunday”, which was to make us more 41 the problems faced by disabled people. We were asked to “ 42 a disability” for several hours one Sunday. Some members, 43 , chose to use wheelchairs. Others wore sound-blocking earplugs（耳塞）or blindfolds（眼罩）.
Just sitting in the wheelchair was a 44 experience. I had never considered before how 45 it would be to use one. As soon as I sat down, my 46 made the chair begin to roll. Its wheels were not 47. Then I wondered where to put my 48 . It took me quite a while to get the metal footrest (脚架) into 49 . I took my first uneasy look at what was to be my only means of 50 for several hours. For disabled people, “adopting a wheelchair” is not a temporary 51 .
I tried to find a 52 position and thought it might be restful, 53 kind of nice, to be 54
around for a while. Looking around, I 55 I would have to handle the thing myself! My hands started to ache as I 56 the heavy metal wheels. I came to know that controlling the 57 of the wheelchair was not going to be a(n) 58 task.
My wheelchair experiment was soon 59 . It made a deep impression on me. A few hours of “disability” gave me only a taste of the 60 , both physical and mental, that disabled people must overcome.
41. A. curious about B. interested in C. careful with D. aware of
42. A. cure B. prevent C. adopt D. analyze
43. A. instead B. strangely C. like me D. as usual
44. A. learning B. working C. satisfying D. relaxing
45. A. convenient B. awkward C. boring D. exciting
46. A. weight B. force C. skill D. height
47. A. locked B. repaired C. powered D. grasped
48. A. hands B. handles C. keys D. feet
49. A. place B. action C. play D. effect
50. A. operation B. communication C. transportation D. production
51. A. exploration B. education C. experiment D. entertainment
52. A. flexible B. comfortable C. starting D. safe
53. A. yet B. just C. still D. even
54. A. shown B. guided C. driven D. pushed
55. A. realized B. suggested C. agreed D. admitted
56. A. turned B. lifted C. pressed D. seized
57. A. path B. position C. direction D. way
58. A. heavy B. easy C. major D. extra
59. A. forgotten B. repeated C. conducted D. finished
60. A. weaknesses B. challenges C. anxieties D. illnesses
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
People tend 61 (accumulate) possessions, sometimes without being aware of 62 (do) so.
Indeed they can have a delightful surprise when they find something useful which they did not know they 63 (own). Those who never have to move house become collectors of 64 can only be described as clutter (杂物). They leave unwanted objects in drawers, cupboards and attics (阁楼) 65 years, in the 66 (believe) that they may one day need just those very things. As they grow old, people also accumulate 67 (belonging) for two other reasons, lack of physical and mental energy, both of 68 are essential in turning out and throwing away, and sentiment (多愁善感). Things owned for a long time are full of 69 (associate) with the past, perhaps with relatives who are dead, and so they gradually acquire 70 value beyond their true worth.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题l分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear George,
It's been a week after we left your family and we are now back home. Thank you very much for showing them around your city and providing us for the wonderful meals. After we said goodbye to you, we went to Washington D.C., there we stayed for three days. My brother was so much fond of the museums there that he begged my parents to staying another couple of days. However, my father had to return to work on Monday so we fly back last Saturday afternoon. It was real a nice experience. If you'd like to make trip to our city some day, I will be better than happy to be your guide.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
假定你是李华, 从互联网上得知一个国际中学生组织将在新加坡（Singapore）举办夏令营，欢迎各国学生参加。请写一封电子邮件申请参加。
主要内容包括：
自我介绍（包括英语能力）
参加意图（介绍中国，了解其他国家）
希望获准。
注意：
词数100左右；
可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir/Madam,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
参考答案：
听力1-5 ACBAB 6-10 CBABC 11-15 ACBAB 16-20 CACBC
阅读理解21.CDB 24. DDCA 28.BCBA 32. ABCB 36. AGCBD
完形填空41. DCCAB 46. AADAC 51. CBDDA 56. ACBDB
填空：to accumulate; doing; owned; what; for; belief; belongings; which; associations; a
改错：after改since； them改us； for改with； there改where； much去掉； staying改stay； fly改flew； real改really； trip 前加a；better改more
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