绝密★启用前
湖南省2019届高三六校联考试题
由 联合命题
炎德文化审校、制作
本试题卷共13页。时量120分钟。满分150分。
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A．￡19.15. B．￡9.18. C．￡9.15.
答案是C。
1. What does the woman worry about?
A. Their train tickets. B. Traffic jams. C. The driving habit.
2. Who is the woman probably speaking to?
A. A policeman. B. A friend. C. A shop assistant.
3. How long has the rain lasted?
A. 4 days. B. 5 days. C. 6 days.
4. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At the woman’s home. B. In a cinema. C. In a shop.
5. What’s the good news?
A. The man got a better position.
B. The man is going to be a father.
C. The man is going to get married.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the phone mean to the woman?
A. She never forgets it anywhere.
B. It’s extremely important to her.
C. She enjoys the service.
7．What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Brother and sister. C. Waiter and customer.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Where does the man work?
A. On a plane. B. In a hospital. C. In a restaurant.
9. What does the man say about his work?
A. Disappointing. B. Well－paid. C. Tiring.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How was the man behaving at first?
A. Coolly. B. Politely. C. Awkwardly.
11. Why did the man ask Susan for her name at first?
A. He didn’t know who she was.
B. He didn’t know what else to say.
C. He didn’t realize he knew her already.
12. What type of music is playing at the dance?
A. Rock and roll. B. Blues. C. Pop.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How does the woman know about eye problems?
A. From an article. B. From a friend. C. From a TV program.
14. How often do people blink while staring at the computer screen?
A. 7 times per minute. B. 22 times per minute. C. 27 times per minute.
15. What does the woman think the man should do?
A. Avoid using computers. B. Take a break and rest. C. Close eyes often.
16. What are the speakers going to do next?
A. Keep on reading. B. Have some tea. C. Go to a drug store.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Where did the shark attacks occur recently?
A. In North Carolina. B. In California. C. In Florida.
18. Who is Graham Schwartz?
A. A writer for a magazine.
B. A researcher from a museum.
C. A shark expert from a university.
19. What can people do to avoid being attacked?
A. Only swim where the water is warm.
B. Make their presence known in the water.
C. Avoid wearing certain types of bathing suits.
20. What did the Department of Parks and Recreation do?
A. They closed down the beaches.
B. They conducted a study on shark attacks.
C. They forced boats and fishermen to stop all activities.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
WHO’S WHO IN THE ZOO?
Is it amazing that the WHO’S WHO IN THE ZOO makes it fun for young children to save? With the help of Standard Bank’s Kidz APP and the Big Five animal friends, teaching your children about managing their cash has never been more fun. Let the WHO’S WHO IN THE ZOO show your little ones what it means to earn and save money as well as share in the enjoyment of spending their well－earned cash.
Elephant
As your children use the mobile app to complete various actions—achieving savings goals, completing missions and achieving wishes—here various medals will be rewarded.
Earned medals are displayed in the elephant habitat as well as locked medals still to be achieved.
Leopard
Reward your kids with pocket money for completing ‘missions’： household chores, achievements, etc.
You can create a mission for your child, or your child can request a new mission. Once created, it must be accepted. The mission needs to be completed by your child and approved by you before you can pay him or her.
Lion
Help your children create and fulfil wishes. Wish cards and their savings progress can be tracked from your banking app.
Once their savings goal is reached, lion will inform you of their achievement.
Buffalo
Kidz can request to withdraw cash or purchase airtime and data using their savings.
Rhino
Rhino shows your child’s latest account balance and transactions.
Download the Standard Bank’s Kidz APP from Apple App Store on the phone. Use the comment section to interact with other Standard Bank customers and bank consultants.
21. What is the WHO’S WHO IN THE ZOO designed for?
A. Players of board games. B. Travelers in the zoo.
C. Parents for online banking. D. Kids for self－service banking.
22. Rewards will be paid if ________．
A. you keep the account balanced
B. your kids get enough locked medals
C. the kids fulfil your created missions
D. you approve the request via Kidz APP
23. Which of the following animals is related to spending?
A. Rhino. B. Buffalo. C. Lion. D. Leopard.
B
While staring out of the window during a flight, not everyone will think carefully about the question why airplanes have rounded windows rather than square ones.
Over the years, aerospace engineering has made huge steps in airplane technology, meaning planes can carry more passengers and go faster. The planes have also changed shape to increase safety—including the windows. As commercial air travel took off in the mid－20th century, airline companies began to fly at higher altitudes to lower their cost—the air density(密度) is lower up there, creating less drag(阻力) for airplanes. However, higher altitudes came with problems, like the fact human beings can’t really survive at 30，000 feet. To make that possible, the cabin was changed to a cylindrical(圆柱体) shape to support the pressure inside. But at first, plane builders left in the standard square windows and this expansion meant disaster. The de__Havilland__Comet came into fashion in the 1950s. With a closed cabin, it was able to go higher and faster than other aircraft.
However, where there’s a corner, there’s a weak spot. Windows, having four corners, have four potential weak spots, making them likely to crash under stress—such as air pressure. By curving the window, the stress that would eventually break the window corner is distributed and the chance of it breaking is reduced. Rounded shapes are also stronger and resist deformation(变形), and can thus survive the extreme differences in pressure between the inside and outside of the aircraft.
Fortunately, designers figured out the lack of design pretty quick. Now we have nice, rounded airplane windows that can resist the pressure of traveling altitude. It gives being able to gaze out of your window to the world from 35，000 feet a whole new outlook, doesn’t it?
24. Why did airlines aim to fly at higher altitudes?
A. To save money for less drag.
B. To help the plane to take off.
C. To increase safety of the plane.
D. To carry more passengers and go faster.
25. What does the underlined words “de Havilland Comet” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. An aircraft. B. A band. C. A planet. D. A design.
26. Which is the advantage of the rounded window?
A. It increases the air pressure.
B. It weakens the strength of air pressure.
C. It reduces the possibility of breaking up.
D. It helps to survive the extreme weather.
27. Where does this text come from?
A. A newspaper on safe driving. B. A science book on flying.
C. A website on survival skills. D. A magazine on fashion design.
C
The hemlock(铁杉) trees along the Wappinger Creek, New York, look healthy. However, scientist Gary Lovett says the white balls which provide protection for the bugs are created by a tiny insect. It’s hard to believe the tiny bug could kill a tree. However, trees can end up with millions and millions of the pests. When there are that many, it ends up killing the tree.
The bug from East Asia is slowly killing trees across the USA. The trouble－making bug is just one of many invasive(入侵的) pests that have slipped into the United States. They can hurt other living things in their new home.
Many invasive pests arrive on wooden pallets piled inside shipping containers. They support and separate goods, and keep them from sliding around. Invasive pests often tunnel into the pallets. How can we stop pests from riding on pallets? Lovett says new rules are needed. The companies that make pallets don’t want more rules. Congress has added an amendment(修正案) in the 2018 Farm Bill to try and prevent this problem. However, Lovett is not hopeful it will make much of a difference. Pallets are checked by inspectors. Many are sprayed with bug－killing pesticide. “I believe in the system，” said Brent McClendon, president of The National Wooden Pallet and Container Association. He also said shipping containers are checked very carefully.
Still, each year 13 million containers are shipped to the U．S. Each is full of wooden pallets. Lovett says: “Inspectors can’t possibly check everything. All it takes are a few bad pallets; we should get rid of wooden pallets.” He believes pallets should be made of plastic or eco－composite wood. Eco－composite wood is a mix of wood fiber and plastic. Insects cannot hide into it. One problem is that these choices cost more. They may be worth the extra money, though. Invasive pests cost the U．S. $5 billion a year. Trees don’t just die in forests. They also die in cities and our yards. Then, they need to be replaced. That costs money, too.
28. All the statements are TRUE except that ________．
A. pesticide has been applied to bug－killing
B. invasive pests are native to Wappinger Creek
C. invasive pests hide in pallets used in shipping
D. the companies making pallets don’t want more rules
29. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Bugs can be easily spotted by eyes.
B. Bugs ruin the shipping goods slowly.
C. Bugs won’t bother the tree if just in few numbers.
D. Bugs cover trees with white soft balls for protection.
30. Why does Gary Lovett want to get rid of wooden pallets?
A. Because insects mostly die in them.
B. Because plastic pallets are eco－friendly.
C. Because they are not worth extra money.
D. Because they are the major pest carriers.
31. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. Invasive pests are harming plants in the USA.
B. Effective measures have stopped the pest invasion.
C. Congress contributes a lot to dealing with invasive pests.
D. Ecosystem in the USA is poorly damaged by invasive woods.
D
Have you ever spent an afternoon in the backyard, maybe grilling or enjoying a basketball game, when suddenly you notice that everything goes quiet? There is an old phrase “calm before the storm”， often used in a situation—a quiet period just before a great activity or excitement. According to our own experience, we know there is actually calm before the storm. But what causes this calm? And is it always calm before the storm? Let's hear what scientists have to say.
A period of calm happens in a particular kind of storm, the simplest kind of storm—a single－cell thunderstorm. In this type of thunderstorm, there is usually only one main updraft, which is warm, damp air and drawn from places near the ground. Storms need warm and damp air as fuel, so
they typically draw that air in from surrounding environment. Storms can draw in the air that fit their need from all directions—even from the direction in which the storm is traveling.
As the warm, damp air is pulled into a storm system, it leaves a low－pressure vacuum(真空) coming after. The rising air meets the cold dry air that has already existed in the storm clouds, thus the temperature of the warm, damp air drops, and the water vapour(水蒸汽) in it changes into tiny drops that are a precondition of rain. These drops accumulate and build on larger particles like dust, until they grow large enough to form raindrops.
This warm, damp air keeps moving upwards, but it becomes cooler and drier during its trip through cloud. When it reaches the top of the cloud, the air gets spit out(被挤出) at the top. This air is sent rolling out over the big thunderclouds. From there, the air goes down. Warm and dry air is relatively stable, and once it covers a region, that air, in turn, causes the calm before a storm.
Most thunderstorms, though, don't start with calm. That's because most are actually groups of storms with complex wind patterns. There's so much air moving up and down storm groups that the calm before the storm never happens. Instead, before the storm, it might be really windy!
32. Which best fits the description of a particular kind of storm?
A. A thunderstorm with a single shape.
B. A thunderstorm without strong winds.
C. A storm with air drawn from every direction.
D. A storm fueled by moving air from the ground.
33. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Cold and dry air. B. Warm and dry air.
C. Cold and damp air. D. Warm and damp air.
34. Which does the writer most likely agree to?
A. Presence of the calm relies on stable air.
B. Not all thunderstorms start with the calm.
C. The drier the air is, the bigger the storm will be.
D. Storm happens without air moving up and down.
35. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Causes and effects of a heavy storm.
B. A brief description of a peaceful storm.
C. A personal experience of a heavy storm.
D. An explanation of the calm before a storm.
第二节 (共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We are surrounded by messages trying to get our attention. Advertisers, politicians and other groups all try to get us to agree with them. __36__. Propaganda is not always a bad thing, but it often hides the truth about a topic. It’s very similar to advertising, whose goal is to get people to buy something, while propaganda is to change what people believe.
Propaganda Techniques
To create propaganda, a common technique is name－calling. A politician might call someone a traitor or liar, which makes the other person look bad. Another is the trend technique. People want to be on the side in the favor. __37__. Some propaganda is based on fear. It scares people into choosing a certain side or taking action, which might not be bad. Anti－smoking campaigns are
one example. They may scare people into thinking that if they smoke, they will get cancer.
__38__
Propaganda is used by many groups, such as businesses, politicians and the government. It is spread through posters, television and radio. The Internet makes it easy to send messages to the whole world.
Types of Propaganda
Political propaganda has been around as long as there have been politicians. __39__. People have used it for many years. War propaganda began during World War I, more than 100 years ago.
To see if propaganda is saying the truth, people need to do extra work. For example, ads might always sound like they’re true. But before you believe them, try to think about who created and paid for them. Find out why they did it. __40__．
A. Propaganda Targets
B. Propaganda Mediums
C. Another word for this is propaganda
D. So most people will agree with those politicians
E. Then, you can decide if they’re being honest or not
F. However, religious propaganda was actually the first official one
G. People might join someone who claims to be popular or winning
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节， 满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中， 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Our teachers tried teaching us about death during nursing training. As a student nurse, I knew I would see death in my __41__. I had no idea of the __42__ it would have on me, __43__．
The first person I saw die was an elderly man, John, who had been __44__ for weeks. His heart was __45__ and the health－care team was keeping him comfortable and __46__ his symptoms. He had stopped speaking days before but was still awake at times, and his __47__ when we spoke to him was beautiful.
When I came on to the __48__ one morning, the night staff said he had deteriorated (恶化) overnight and had __49__ left to leave. A trained nurse and I gave him a bed bath, shaved him and changed his sheets. For the next six hours I __50__ his hand and talked to him. The doctor came in regularly and asked if he needed more pain relief but he seemed __51__ most of the time. He only __52__ opened his eyes to smile at me. Early in the afternoon the nurse came back in and we washed his face and __53__ his hair. As she was just about to leave the room, she stroked his hair and said：“Oh John, just __54__．” Minutes later, he did.
It has been 20 years since John’s death. I have seen __55__ deaths in my time nursing. I have seen staff go far beyond the __56__ of their jobs to __57__ that a patient has as good a death as possible. I remember some of the other faces, but none is quite as __58__ as John’s. He, and the professionals who were __59__ him, taught me that it __60__ how we treat those who are dying.
41. A. life B. career C. mind D. family
42. A. impact B. difference C. reflection D. affection
43. A. instead B. regardless C. therefore D. however
44. A. insisting B. challenging C. struggling D. recovering
45. A. striking B. failing C. beating D. aging
46. A. comforting B. decreasing C. disappearing D. relieving
47. A. face B. eyes C. smile D. expression
48. A. ward B. classroom C. hospital D. department
49. A. days B. hours C. minutes D. seconds
50. A. held B. reached C. hugged D. touched
51. A. silent B. painful C. peaceful D. anxious
52. A. frequently B. occasionally C. hardly D. easily
53. A. combed B. tied C. washed D. smelt
54. A. come on B. pass away C. let go D. go away
55. A. priceless B. constant C. considerate D. countless
56. A. qualifications B. ability C. expectations D. exception
57. A. pretend B. assume C. believe D. ensure
58. A. beautiful B. vivid C. pale D. scary
59. A. caring for B. looking for C. bringing up D. cheering up
60. A. trains B. works C. influences D. matters
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Letters as a way of communication have long given way to phone calls and WeChat messages. But a TV show, Letters Alive, is helping bring this old way to keep in touch back __61__ the present.
Letters Alive took __62__(it) idea from a UK program, Letters Live, released in 2013. Both __63__(show) feature famous actors and actresses, but there __64__(be) no eye－catching visual effects or any regular showbiz(娱乐圈) activities. Instead, it’s just a live event __65__ remarkable letters selected from a wide time span and a diverse range of subjects are read. There is, for example, a passionate letter from Huang Yongyu to playwright Cao Yu 30 years ago to criticize his lack of __66__(create)．
Every letter is like a small piece of history. By hearing them __67__(read), it’s as if we are being sent back in time to experience a moment that we would otherwise never have had the chance to.
Compared to __68__(publish) texts, letters also __69__(natural) come with a personal touch. As well as celebrating the pain, joy, wisdom and humor, Letters Alive __70__(commit) to promoting Chinese literature since first run.
第四部分 写作(共两节， 满分 35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题； 每小题1分， 满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文， 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加： 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除： 把多余的词用斜线( \ )划掉。
修改： 在错的词下划一横线， 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意： 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处， 多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last year, Zhang Pingyu paid visit to London. Worried about the time available, Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the site she wanted to see. It was the Tower which she visited first. Fancy! This solid stone, square tower had been remained standing for one thousand years. Many new buildings
had expanded around it. Therefore, it was still part of a royal palace and prison combined. There followed St Paul’s Cathedral built after the terrible fire of London in 1666. It looked splendidly when first built. Westminster Abbey, too, was very interesting. Then just as he came out of the abbey, Pingyu heard the famous sound of the clock Big Ben, ring out the hour.
The next day Pingyu was leaving London to Windsor Castle. “Perhaps I will see the Queen？” she wondered as she fall asleep.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
假定你是李华，你的朋友Peter想了解你校于五月举办的中国传统文化艺术节。请你给Peter写封回信，内容包括：
1. 举办艺术节的目的；
2. 介绍你最喜欢的一个艺术节活动；
3. 邀请Peter参加并告之艺术节活动的时间。
注意：
1. 词数 100 左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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湖南省2019届高三六校联考试题
英语参考答案
命题学校：长沙市一中 岳阳市一中
题序
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
答案
B
A
B
A
B
B
C
A
C
C
B
C
A
A
B
题序
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
答案
B
A
C
C
A
D
C
B
A
A
C
B
B
C
D
题序
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
答案
A
C
D
B
D
C
G
B
F
E
B
A
D
C
B
题序
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
答案
D
C
A
B
A
C
B
A
C
D
C
D
B
A
D
【语篇导读】本文为应用文，介绍了一款儿童理财网银APP的功能及使用说明。
21. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段Let the WHO'S WHO IN THE ZOO show your little ones what it means to earn and save money as well as share in the enjoyment of spending their well－earned cash.可知WHO'S WHO IN THE ZOO 专为儿童理财而设计。
22. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据Leopard中的Reward your kids with pocket money for completing ‘missions’： household chores, achievements, etc.可知。
23. B 【解析】细节理解题。儿童理财的APP中5种动物对应5项银行业务，根据Buffalo中的Kidz can request to withdraw cash or purchase airtime and data using their savings.可知。
【语篇导读】本文为说明文，介绍了飞机舷窗由方变圆的原由。
24. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第三句．..airline companies began to fly at higher altitudes to lower their cost—the air density (密度) is lower up there, creating less drag (阻力)for airplanes.可知。
25. A 【解析】推理判断题。下划线并非词义猜测，而是根据第二段最后一句With a closed cabin, it was able to go higher and faster than other aircraft. 中的 it和other aircraft 推测此词所指为一款飞机。
26. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第三句By curving the window, the stress that would eventually break the window corner is distributed and the chance of it breaking is reduced.可知。
27. B 【解析】推理判断题。本文介绍了社会发展过程中应安全和经济的需求，飞机形状和其舷窗形状的变化，故选自于与飞行有关的书籍。
【语篇导读】本文为记叙文，介绍了美国铁杉树虫害因运输过程中使用的木板所携带的外来蛾虫所致。政府有颁布法案解决但收效甚微。有关人士就此也提出相应的解决方案。
28. B 【解析】细节理解题。 根据第二段可知此害虫为外来物种。
29. C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句However, trees can end up with millions and millions of the pests. When there are that many, it ends up killing the tree.可知答案。
30. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段可知。木板是铁杉斑螟蛾虫的主要载体。
31. A 【解析】主旨大意题。外来蛾虫入侵所致的铁杉树虫害并没有因国会通过的修正案或是有关人士提出的方案而得到完全地解决。但生态系统因外来树种是否得到严重的破坏，文中并未指出。
【语篇导读】本文为自然现象类说明文。揭秘暴风雨来临前的宁静这一神秘自然现象。
32. C 【解析】细节理解题。第二段中特定的暴风雨指的是一种简单的单细胞雷暴。而并非指简单形状，故排除A。根据第二段最后一句可知雷暴能够从周围任何一个方向吸进自己所需的暖湿空气。
33. D 【解析】代词指代题。第三段中提到由于暖湿空气被吸进雷暴中，雷暴经过之处就形成了低气压真空带。正在上升的暖湿气流遇到雷暴云层中原本就存在的干燥冷空气，此时暖湿空气的温度下降，暖湿空气中的水分凝结成小的水滴，这就是雨水形成的前提。
34. B 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段Most thunderstorms, though, don't start with calm.可知大多数的雷暴来临前并不是一片宁静。而当有很多气流频繁上下流动时，
暴风雨来临前毫无平静可言可知C、D不正确。
35. D 【解析】主旨大意题。
【语篇导读】本文为说明文，主要介绍了宣传的作用，手段，传播媒介以及种类。
36. C 【解析】过渡句。生活中的信息欲引起人们的广泛关注；广告商、政客和其它群体试图让人们同意他们的观点，都离不开宣传造势，该句引出了主题。
37. G 【解析】支撑句。主要的宣传手段有：贴标签、从众宣传以及引发恐惧等。该句为从众宣传的具体表现。
38. B 【解析】主题句。第三段主要介绍宣传的传播途径。
39. F 【解析】支撑句。第四段主要介绍宣传的三种主要类别：政治宣传、宗教宣传和战争宣传。
40. E 【解析】支撑句。 通过了解宣传者的意图和目的，才能知晓宣传的真实性。
41. B 【解析】后文可知，作者是一名护士，所以在职业生涯中会见到死亡。
42. A 【解析】根据短语have an impact on sth. 以及句意可知答案为A。difference虽然可以表示影响，但是短语搭配是make a difference to/in。
43. D 【解析】根据上文中的no idea可知作者没有想到死亡对她的影响，所以是转折关系。
44. C 【解析】第二段对John的描述可得知，John是一个垂死患者，所以选struggling。
45. B 【解析】John已经垂死，所以心脏衰竭，failing可以表示器官衰竭的含义。
46. D 【解析】根据上下文，医护人员可以做的只能是让他舒适以及减轻他的症状。decrease侧重大小数量上的减少，语意不符。comfort宾语通常是人。disappear为不及物动词，不带宾语。
47. C 【解析】该题为词汇复现题，下文中有提到睁开眼睛朝作者微笑，再根据句子的谓语动词was可知答案是smile。
48. A 【解析】由后文可知，作者被告知John病情恶化，并且陪John走过了生命的最后几个小时，这一切只能是发生在John的病房里，既ward。
49. B 【解析】词汇复现题。后文有提及几个小时后，John便离开了人世。
50. A 【解析】作者是握着John的手陪他说了六个小时的话。其他选项语意均不通顺。
51. C 【解析】由前文的but可知John不需要止痛药，所以是处于很平和的状态。
52. B 【解析】由上下文可知，John已经病危，在生命最后的一段时间里，他非常地平静，只是偶尔睁眼对作者报以微笑。
53. A 【解析】医护人员帮John洗了脸梳了头。B、D选项语意不符合，C选项和前面动词重复，由and连接理应省略。
54. C 【解析】从后文可知，几分钟后，John就去世了，所以可得知医护人员对他说的话是“放手，安心地离去吧”。let go有放手、放开之意。其余选项均不符合上下文意思。
55. D 【解析】John死后的二十年里，作者作为护士看见了不计其数的死亡，即countless。constant表示动作的持续，不符合文意。
56. C 【解析】作者的实习经历讲述了医护人员对患者的关心和照顾，所以此处应该是医护人员帮助患者，做了很多工作范围之外的事情，即超出了工作的预期。
57. D 【解析】医护人员做出超出工作预期的事情是为了确保临死的患者可以走得安详舒坦。
58. B 【解析】此处描述的是作者对John的记忆，这么多年过去了，作者对John依旧记忆犹新，John的一切依旧历历在目。所以选vivid表示“生动清晰的”。前文中的beautiful是用来形容John的笑容，放在这里不合适。
59. A 【解析】由作者对实习经历的描述可知医护人员对患者是进行照顾，即care for。
60. D 【解析】作者的实习经历教导了作者：医护人员对待垂死患者的方式是一件非常重要的事情，即matter表示“要紧、重要”。
【语篇导读】本文为说明性记叙文，介绍电视节目《见字如面》。
61. to 【解析】介词考查。《见字如面》这档电视节目正将这一保持联系的老方式带回到现代人的视野。bring...to...固定搭配。
62. its 【解析】代词考查。《见字如面》其想法源于一档类似的英国节目Letters Live，该节目于2013年首播。
63. shows 【解析】上下文语篇理解，此处缺名词，feature为谓语动词，且有both修饰则应该填复数形式。
64. are 【解析】主谓一致就近原则考查。两档节目均无惊人的视觉效果或是常规的娱乐活动。
65. where 【解析】连词考查。先行词在定语从句中充当状语。
66. creativity 【解析】考查词性转换。例如，节目里有一封30年前著名画家黄永玉写给剧作家曹禺的充满激情的信件，批评他缺乏创造力。
67. being read 【解析】非谓语动词考查。听信时，我们仿佛回到过去，身临其境。现在分词作hear的宾语补充说明，与下文中as if we are being sent back呼应表示正在被听。
68. published 【解析】非谓语动词考查。过去分词作定语修饰texts。表示与其他出版文字相比，信件中自然地流露出个人感触。
69. naturally 【解析】副词考查。见上文。
70. has been committed 【解析】动词时态考查。《见字如面》从开播至今还致力于推广中国文学。由since可知此处应用现在完成时。
【短文改错】
Last year, Zhang Pingyu paid visit to London. Worried about the time available,
Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the she wanted to see. It was the Tower
she visited first. Fancy! This solid stone, square tower had remained standing
for one thousand years. Many new buildings had expanded around it. ， it
was still part of a royal palace and prison combined. There followed St Paul’s
Cathedral built after the terrible fire of London in 1666. It looked when
first built. Westminster Abbey, too, was very interesting. Then just as came out of
the abbey, Pingyu heard the famous sound of the clock Big Ben, out the hour.
The next day Pingyu was leaving London Windsor Castle. “Perhaps I will see the
Queen？” she wondered as she asleep.
【参考范文】
Dear Peter，
Having known that you are interested in our school art festival, I am writing to offer you some detailed information.
This art festival falls in every May at our campus, aimed to enrich our school life and arouse
our awareness of carrying forward the precious traditional culture.
Sponsored by our Students’ Union, the festival covers a wide variety of activities, among which I pay special attention to the Chinese poetry competition, since I hold the belief that one filled with knowledge always behaves with elegance. Poem lovers read, recite seas of poems that they love and exchange their perspectives on poetry.
Why not come and enjoy the strong atmosphere of our festival at the very beginning of May? Your involvement will be warmly welcomed.
Yours，
Li Hua
听力材料
Text 1
M: Do you think we can catch the train if we keep driving at this speed?
W: Yes, but I’m afraid the road may become crowded soon.
Text 2
M: Can I help you, madam?
W: Yes, I want to report a theft that happened to my house during our absence. My husband and I went on a holiday last week.
M: I see. What have you lost?
Text 3
M: It’s has been raining since Monday, but the weather report says that tomorrow will be clear and sunny. Thank goodness. We can at last say goodbye to the rain.
W: Really? You know I always play football on Saturday. That’s really good news, which means I can play in good weather tomorrow.
Text 4
M: Wow...so beautiful. I like the color you painted the walls. Why did you decide on purple?
W: I was inspired by a movie I saw last month.
M: I think you should get a new carpet. This one doesn’t match anything in the room.
Text 5
M: I’ve got some good news.
W: Did you get a promotion?
M: Better than that. My wife is pregnant.
W: That’s great news. You’ve been looking forward to being a father for two years, right?
Text 6
M: Ma’am! You forgot your phone!
W: Oh, thanks. I couldn’t live without this little thing.
M: I know what you mean. It is of great significance to you. So, did you enjoy your dinner?
W: Oh, yes. Everything was just perfect. It’s so hard to take the whole family out to eat, but your restaurant was perfect. Johnny had his own place to play in, and I had time to talk with my sisters and their husbands.
M: I’m glad to hear it. Our kids’ area is always popular.
W: Well, you can be sure we’ll be back.
Text 7
W: So how’s your new job going, David?
M: It’s going really well. I started two months ago, and it’s great.
W: Which countries are you flying to?
M: Mostly those in South America.
W: Do you have time to look around different cities?
M: I’m too tired after we land.
W: Well, I know you serve drinks and meals and explain safety rules. What other duties do you have?
M: Let’s see. We help nervous or sick passengers. We also make sure people obey the safety rules.
Text 8
M: Wow, this dance is surely cool. There are so many people here...uh...what’s your name?
W: Susan. Susan Dawes. You really don’t know who I am? You sit behind me in geography class.
M: Oh! Yeah...you’re right. I guess I’m just used to looking at the back of your head...not your face.
W: Are you OK? You’re so nervous.
M: I’m sorry for my strange behavior. I don’t know why I pretended I didn’t know who you were. I just didn’t know how to start the conversation.
W: That’s OK. It’s refreshing to talk to somebody who is actually honest for once. So, do you like this music?
M: Not really. I prefer rock and roll mostly, but I like to listen to blues when I’m alone. Anything but this pop stuff.
W: Oh, my gosh, I totally agree! I thought I was the only one!
Text 9
W: Hi, Tony. Have you finished reading these articles?
M: Yes, but my eyes feel uncomfortable after staring at the computer screen for hours.
W: I’ve read an article about eye problems recently. It says that people usually blink less when they use computer, so they may always feel tired and dry after using computers.
M: That is what I am doing. And I am suffering from dry eyes.
W: It is so common for people who have eye problems.
M: But what does it have to do with the computer?
W: The article found that people blink twenty－two times a minute in average when relaxed, but just seven times a minute while staring at the things on a computer screen.
M: Really? That’s quite a difference.
W: Yeah. So you need to blink your eyes and take a break from the computer.
M: I wonder if eye－drops will make me feel better.
W: That might help. But the best way is to take a break and rest your eyes.
M: OK. Let’s go to have a cup of tea. I can finish this later tonight.
Text 10
In the past two months, there have been several shark attacks at Atlantic Beach and Outer Banks Beach in North Carolina. For this reason, we have decided to close down both beaches until further notice. These sharks are white sharks and extremely dangerous. We are asking—but not requiring—owners of small boats and fishermen to avoid activities in these areas. This month, a study from the Florida Museum of Natural History showed that the rise in shark attacks was caused by many factors, some of which can be avoided. Sharks are said to follow the warm ocean currents
from the Gulf of Mexico. Graham Schwartz, a shark expert from the University of California, warns swimmers to limit splashing in the water, and to avoid wearing shiny material that could look like the skin of a fish. Although shark attacks are still extremely rare, and are mostly a case of being in the wrong place at the wrong time, we take this problem very seriously at the Department of Parks and Recreation. We thank you for your cooperation, and we hope to reopen our beaches to the public soon!
英语书面表达评分细则
一、评分原则
1．本题总分为25分，按照5个档次给分。(附1)
2．评分定档时，先根据文章的内容要点和语言(即词汇和语法结构运用的数量和准确性、得体性)初步确定其所属档次，再结合其语言交际功能的实际情况如：行文逻辑、措辞语法、句式运用、书写卷面、词数等来决定其升档或降档，最后给分。
3．词数少于80，从总分中减去2分；词数多于120，且在答题区域内，不扣分。(近年湖南高考阅卷词数多于120没有扣分)
4．拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英，美拼写和词汇用法均可接受。
5．书写较差以致影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。
6．内容要点可用不同方式表达，对紧扣主题的适当发挥不予扣分。
二、要点与赋分
1．结合新课程标准、考试大纲和命题要求，本次写作任务不仅考查学生的语言表达能力，同时强调语言交际能力的实现。故学生话语表达中交际功能的实现需要重点关注。
2．语言交际功能的实现可根据学生的措辞和句式加以区别，以增加给分的区分度。
3．具体赋分如下：
a．合理的书信开头和结尾：3分；
b．说明举办艺术节的目的：3分；
c．介绍你最喜欢的一个艺术节活动：10分；
d．邀请Peter参加并告之艺术节活动的时间：3分；
e．语言逻辑连贯、得体及词数：6分；
f．跑题文章：不超过10分；
g．抄袭前面阅读文章：0分。
附1.书面表达各档次的给分范围和要求
第五档(21－25分)完全完成了试题规定的任务。
1．覆盖所有内容要点。
2．应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。
3．语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高词汇所致。具备较强的语言运用能力。
4．有效地使用了语句间的连接成份，使全文结构紧凑。
5．完全达到了预期的写作目的。
第四档(16－20分)完成了试题规定的任务。
1．虽漏掉一两个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容。
2．应用的语法结构或词汇能满足任务的要求。
3．语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致。
4．使用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。
5．达到了预期的写作目的。
第三档(11－15分)基本完成了试题规定的任务。
1．虽漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有主要内容。
2．应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。
3．有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。
4．应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文内容连贯。
5．基本达到了预期的写作目的。
第二档(6－10分)未适当完成试题规定的任务。
1．漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容。
2．词法结构单调，词汇知识有限。
3．有一些语法结构词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。
4．较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。
5．信息未能清楚地传达给读者。
第一档(0－5分)未能传达给读者任何信息。
内容太少，无法评判；所写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。
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