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中学生标准学术能力诊断性测试2018年2月测试
英语试卷
本试卷共150分，考试时间100分钟。
第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Here is a collection of some TV series. For this list, we stick to those that have been released in recent years and we choose not to include TV hits like
Game of Thrones or Sherlock.
Stranger Things
This US television series is a combination of three genres (类型):the typical college movies where the losers rise up, the science fiction films about crazy scientists who reached their top in the 1980s and the horror movies written in the style of Stephen King. This show, starring Winona Ryder and a group of amazing kids, has managed to combine these genres so well that it has already acquired a vast army of fans worldwide.
The Pillars of the Earth
It is set in the twelfth century, a time which is considered one of the darkest and most romantic periods in the history of England. Based on the best-selling novel written by Ken Follett, this TV show starring the brilliant Eddie Redmayne is widely recognized as one of the best historical TV dramas of recent years.
Mahabharata
This Indian Hindi-language series is liked by many people for being regarded as the simplest and the most fun way to learn about the age-old wisdom of the Indian people. It tells us about the kings and heroes who love, fight and make wise decisions. This drama is about the endless struggle between good and evil.
The Crown
This story about the transformation of the young Princess Elizabeth into the queen shows everything about the British monarchy (君主制).It includes many
storylines, each of which could be made into a separate TV show. The series focuses on the age-old themes of family, marriage and politics, and this is probably what makes The Crown win popularity.
1. What do we know about Stranger Things?
A. Stephen King determined its style.
B. It consists of three children stories.
C. Most of its central characters are kids.
D. It’s much more popular than Sherlock.
2.Which aspect of the Pillars of the Earth is stressed in the text?
A.Its background. B. Its staff. C. Its theme song. D. Its plot.
3. Which TV series is more like a biography?
A.Stranger Things. B.The Pillars of the Earth.
C.Mahabharata. D.The Crown.
4. Which of the following do the four TV series?
A. They are highly thought of by the audience.
B. Their storylines are relatively complex.
C. They mainly discuss universal themes.
D. Their original languages are English.
B
When I was growing up, the gold standard for cancer-themed tear-jerkers (催人泪下的故事）was “Something for Joey”，a made-for-TV movie—ased on a true story—bout the bond between a big-time college football player and his fiercely loyal little brother who is dying of childhood leukemia (白血病）.
Lauren Grodstein takes a different approach with her fourth novel, “Our Short History”. What sets Grodstein’s novel apart is that the cancer diagnosis switches places: Jacob Neulander, the 6-year-old boy at the center of the book, is cancer-free, while his mother, Karen, a 43-year-old political consultant (顾问） who raised Jacob on her own, has recently been found to have late-stage ovarian cancer. With the time Karen has left, she decides to write her son a book and fill it with everything she wants him to know: a catalog of the things that have made her happy; the story of
how he was named; and an account of how, kicking and screaming, she allows Jacob to start spending time with his biological father, a one-term congressman (国会议员）from New Jersey who broke Karen’s heart and lives with his new wife along the Palisades.
“I plan to be honest here,” Karen promises at the novel’s beginning. “I plan to be extraordinarily honest. I will not edit out the truth; I will not try to make myself look better than I really was.” This total honesty leads Karen to admit uncomfortable truths to Jacob—the night you were born was not the best night of my life,” she writes. “I was terrified; I was tired; I was sad’’一and, especially, to record the disturbance of feelings that run high after Jacob and his father meet for the first time and get along famously. They bond over Playmobil and Star Wars; she realizes, watching the two of them together, that Jacob is “exactly like him” Karen lets her paranoia (偏执狂）run wild. She imagines Jacob posing for a Christmas card with his new family after she’s gone; she yells at him when he suggests that his father’s wife would make him snacks on demand. This eruption of maternal envy and anger is the dramatic high point of the novel — “I am your only mother!” Karen yells. The rest of “Our Short History,” unfortunately, is content to deliver the quieter pleasures for adults.
5.What do we know about Something for Joey?
A.It’s essential fictional.
B. It’s intended for the movie theatre.
C. It focuses on a college student’s cancer.
D. It has the common features of tear-jerkers.
6. Which of the following is TRUE about Lauren Grodstein? ( )
A. She is a political consultant.
B. She has a unique writing style.
C. She likes writing tear-jerkers most.
D. She doesn’t like something for Joey.
7. What happens to Jacob?
A. He’s dying of cancer.
B. He breaks his father’s heart.
C. He can visit his father any time.
D. He gets along well with his father’s family.
8. What is this text?
A.An announcement. B. A book review.
C.An advertisement. D. A guide.
C
If you’re a college student, who could blame you for not paying attention to that mounting student loan (贷款）balance? But once you graduate, your new monthly student loan bill will be hard to ignore. After all, missing a payment isn’t like turning in a term paper late; debt collectors aren’t nearly as forgiving as your Chemistry 201 professor. What can you do to repay our student loans sooner?
If you can manage it, repay your loans on the standard 10-year repayment plan. You’ll pay less interest and get rid of your loans sooner. And it’s a good idea to throw extra money at your bill when you can to speed up the process. If you’re really troubled with cash, switch to an income-driven student loan repayment plan. The government offers four options that make our payments a percentage of your income, so you’ll pay less when you earn less.
Next, think about where you can cut costs elsewhere in your life so you can pay your loan bills. Focus on saving money in ways that make sense for your lifestyle. That way you won’t feel deprived of (被剥夺）everything you enjoy, and you can cut out expenses that you truly don’t need.
Car payments can be especially costly. Consider giving up a car and signing up for Zipcar, Car2go or another car sharing service if it’s available in your city. These companies let you rent a car hourly, which can help when public transportation won’t get you where you need to go.
Now it’s on to smaller expenses一and some you might not even know you’re paying. It’s easy to sign up for a service that automatically charges you every month, such as the gym, ClassPass, Spotify or Netflix. Cancel them if you’re not using them at least a few times a week. A service such as Truebill will track your monthly payments and show you which ones you’re not using so you can cancel.
9. What does the author aim to tell us in Paragraph 1?
A. Missing a payment is common for graduates.
B. There are good ways to pay student loan bills.
C. Paying student loan bills on time is necessary.
D. Some students easily ignore their student loan bills.
10. What is a disadvantage of following an income-driven student loan repayment plan? A.You will be offered only one option.
B. You may end up paying more interest.
C. You have to finish paying within 10 years.
D. You still need to pay more even when you earn less.
11. What do the last three tips have in common?
A. They all suggest cutting costs.
B. They are all about small expenses.
C. They all mean avoiding expensive services.
D. They all help shorten the repaying process.
D
Decades ago travelling by air in America was a great affair. Today it signals discomfort, extra charges and the threat of violence.
Air fares are higher per seat mile in America than in Europe. The global price of jet fuel has fallen by half since 2014. That triggered a fare war between European carriers, but in America ticket prices have hardly budged.
Standards of service are also worse. Only one operator based in America can be found in the world’s 30 best carriers, compared with nine from Europe. When Ryanair, currently Europe’s largest and cheapest airline, cut service to the bone, it began to lose customers and money. That caused it to perform a U-turn and be “nicer” to customers, in order to protect its market share from competitors like easyJet, Wizz Air and Norwegian.
This happy combination of low fares and reasonable service has a simple explanation: competition. American policymakers have presided over a wave of mergers (合并）in the past few years. The biggest four carriers in America between them now
control 80% of the market, compared with just 48% a decade ago. In Europe, where the top four carriers have around 45% of the market, policymakers have got three things right.
First, European regulators have tried harder to preserve competition between existing carriers. The EU has been willing to block mergers to prevent airlines from building monopoly (垄断）positions at airports. Not so in America: at 40 of its 100 biggest airports, a single carrier now accounts for more than half of capacity. That pushes up prices.
Second, Europe has made it easier for foreigners to encourage competition by entering new markets. There are no ownership limits at all between European countries. America caps foreign ownership at 25%. Foreign joint companies, such as Virgin America are struggling to take off.
Some of Europe’s advantages are hard to copy. America’s regulators should loosen the cap on foreign ownership and promote the use of secondary airports. If that doesn’t work, regulators should consider breaking up the big airlines. Allowing competition to weaken was a huge mistake.
12. What does the underlined word “budged” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A.Changed. B. Increased. C. Steadied. D. Doubled.
13. What can be inferred about Ryanair from Paragraph 3?
A. Its air fares are high.
B. Its service now is poor.
C. It responds to the market quickly.
D. It is losing its market share fast.
14. What have European regulators been trying to do?
A. Push up prices.
B. Cap foreign ownership.
C. Protect the biggest airports.
D. Stop carriers from merging.
15. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. European airline industry is developing healthily.
B. Air fares are becoming a big burden for travelers.
C. Customers are complaining fiercely about American airlines.
D. America’s airline industry should look to Europe for lessons.
第二节(共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
3 tips for protecting your eyes during the winter
We typically worry about staying warm during the winter months, and think
less about protecting our eyes. 16 Here are three things you can do to
protect your eyes during the winter months.
Tip #1: 17
During the winter, our eyes are constantly exposed to blowing, dry, hot air
that can cause them to become dry. Here are a few treatments: 18 Distance yourself from direct heat sources while sitting. Use a humidifier (加湿 器）to help reduce dryness.
Tip # 2: Wear sunglasses with UV (紫外线）protection.
UV rays in the winter can harm our eyes. 19 Wear sunglasses when you’re outside, or driving, to protect your eyes from UV rays. This is especially important as days lengthen into spring and the sun gets stronger.
Tip # 3: Goggles (护目镜）protect in many ways.
Goggles not only protect our eyes from UV rays, but they also help keep our eyes from drying out from the winter wind. In addition, think about all those branches, leaves, and dirty snow that can severely injure our eyes upon contact. 20 Don’t forget them!
A. Clean your eyes carefully.
B. Don’t let your eyes dry out.
C. Goggles protect the eyes from the wind.
D. Keep eye drops handy to wet your eyes.
E. It just makes good sense to wear quality goggles.
F. In fact, they can do even more harm when they’re reflecting off snow.
G. However, the winter months can be as hard on our eyes as the summer months.
第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分55分）
第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
True achievement
During high school, I remember reading about Junior Achievement (JA)programs and thinking, “I could 21 do that.” Economics seemed too complex for me, but our curriculum
22 us to take it. So I began my journey. Now, I can 23 and say, “Wow, I did do that.”
JA programs help kids around the world 24 a successful future.Each program is 25 by a community volunteer who helps students connect what they are learning in school with their future in the workforce. Hands-on activities bring the 26 world to the classroom.
We named our company GloboCorp, and described our logo as the seeing eye of business, always 27 for illegal business practices. When our teacher mentioned the district 28, I became interested in applying the 29 principles I had learned.
We began the weekly practice. Our advisers (also community volunteers)put in long hours 30 principles and strategies and helping us interpret data. Their 31 was what made JA programs unique, and was an immeasurable 32 . And there was another motivation: We could earn a trip to Disney World.
After hard work we 33 made it to Disney World. It was a(n) 34 way to end my high school career. 35 came from everywhere. At the awards banquet, Mickey Mouse shook our hands and gave us our own sets of mouse ears. Our local newspaper ran articles. And the greatest 36 was to walk off the plane back home and see a crowd of 37 parents who burst into applause.
Although this experience will be among my best memories, a quote from the awards banquet is what I will 38 most about JA programs. The speaker discussed the
difference between success and 39 . At first, the words seemed interchangeable, but then I 40 his point. To make it to Disney World and win was success, but to bond together, have fun, and overcome difficulties as well—now that is a real achievement.
21. A. ever B. always C. just D. never
22. A. inspired B. required C. allowed D. promised
23.A.look back B. look around C. look down D. look over
24. A. give up B. worry about C. prepare for D. prefer to
25. A. managed B. described C. written D. copied
26. A. sad B. real C. wild D. lucky
27. A. grateful B. guilty C. watchful D. regretful
28. A. concert B. competition C. interview D. celebration
29. A. economic B. legal C. political D. scientific
30. A. imaginingB. recalling C. reciting D. explaining
31. A. justice B. choice C. guidance D. argument
32. A. loss B. help C. risk D. distance
33. A. carefullyB. patiently C. suddenly D. finally
34. A. fantasticB. easy C. romantic D. discouraging
35. A. Information B. Knowledge C. Problems D.Congratulatios
36. A. change B. damage C. feeling D. dream
37. A. proud B. terrified C. funny D. puzzled
38. A. expect B. remember C. dislike D. realize
39. A. failure B. devotion C.responsibiliy D. achievement
40. A. continued B. destroyed C. understood D. praised
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For the past 45 years, Martin and Sinforosa Colomer have been the only two residents of La Estrella, 41 abandoned village in Spain. The tiny village was not always so isolated, though. Actually, La Estrella was once a lively town, 42 (crowd) with hundreds of people, a church, two schoolhouses and several bars.
According to 43 (rely) sources, a terrible storm struck La Estrella in 1883, killing nearly half of the residents. The place lost its charm after that and the locals 44 (gradual) began to abandon their homes.
Martin and Sinforosa’s story began about 70 years later, 45 they became one pair of the few youth still living in La Estrella. “We met one day in one of the two remaining
46 (club) in the village, fell in love and married,” Martin recalled. The Colomers raised a family in La Estrella, 47 (chose) to stay even when many of their fellow villagers left for cities in search of work.
When asked 48 they wouldn’t leave La Estella, Martin said, “My wife was born here and doesn’t want to leave. Had it been up to me, we 49 (leave) for the city a long time ago. But I can’t leave her by 50 (she).”
第三部分写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
When my mother set the rule that my little sister could only have one ice cream each day, her mood darkens immediately. Realize that it was useless to argue with Mum, she just kept silent. Just on case my sister would eat more ice cream than allowing, my mother took a look at the ice cream boxes left in the fridge occasionally. It seemed that everything was normally. One day, it was such hot that Mum decided to have an ice cream. She took out an ice cream box and opened it, only find that it was empty. Feeling puzzling, she opened all the other boxes. She was shocked to find that all of them were empty. Just at then, she realized that my little sister had eaten up
all of them. How a naughty little creature!
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
假如你是李华，最近你发现有很多同学熬夜，导致上课效率低下。请就此写一封信，向校报编辑反映此问题。内容包括：1.熬夜的原因；2.你的 建议。
注意：1.词数100左右；（开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数）
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
Dear editor,
Yours, Li Hua
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