2019年青岛市高三统一质量检测
英语试题
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a bank. B. In a restaurant. C. In a hotel.
2. What will the man do first?
A. Look after the children. B. See a doctor. C. Attend a party.
3. What’s the relationship between the woman and Rick?
A. Boss and clerk. B. Former classmates. C. Colleagues.
4. How will the woman spend her summer vacation?
A. Taking a part-time job. B. Taking summer classes. C. Taking a break.
5. What does the woman mean?
A. She’ll make a call. B. She’ll be off work. C. She’ll finish at seven.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每
小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. Why does the man come to this shop?
A. To meet Dominic. B. To buy a birthday gift. C. To give the woman a surprise.
7. What did the man buy last year?
A. A toy soldier. B. A computer game. C. A Mickey Mouse.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. What did the man forget to prepare?
A. The music. B. The script. C. The stage.
9. What will the woman do tomorrow?
A. Pick up the boss. B. Play the guitar. C. Book a hotel.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. Where are the speakers?
A. At home. B. In a restaurant. C. In a hospital.
11. What is the matter with the man?
A. He is drunk. B. He is allergic to seafood. C. He has a stomachache.
12. What advice does the woman give the man?
A. Doing more exercise. B. Noticing his diet. C. Taking no medicine.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. Who is Mr. Taylor?
A. A teacher. B. A parent of a student. C. The school headmaster.
14. Why does the woman keep the curtains closed?
A. To get some sleep.
B. To keep the classroom cool.
C. To make the children calm.
15. How long should the children stay outside according to the man?
A. Less than an hour. B. At least one hour. C. Half a day.
16. What are the students like after they run around outside?
A. They are quiet. B. They can’t sit down. C. They fight with each other.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. What are therapy dogs trained to be?
A. Strong and clever. B. Quiet and calm. C. Clever and loyal.
18. What do pet owners have in common?
A. They are happier.
B. They get nervous easily.
C. They have no heart disease.
19. What role do therapy dogs play in California?
A. Playmates. B. Readers. C. Listeners.
20. What is people’s attitude to therapy dogs?
A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Opposed.
第二部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Seattle’s Pike Place Market stretches for four city blocks. It includes a collection of old buildings, bunches of stalls and street musicians and afters that draw both locals and visitors. The themed market wakes up each day at 5:00 a.m. Among the first to arrive are flower vendors and fish mongers (小贩) like Jason Scott.
My stand is known for its tradition of throwing fish before wrapping it up for a customer. I came back out of high school and I’ve been here ever since. I’m 46 now.
Many Pike Place Market stores are family-run and have been around for generations. Russian-speaking immigrants opened Piroshky bakery 25 years ago. Not a lot of people understand what Piroshky is. People think sometimes it’s a last name, so we do have to educate people a lot. If you go to Russia and you go to a market like this, you could hear the latest scream out - Piroshky, Piroshky and that’s why we call it Piroshky.
Next to Piroshky is a Chinese bakery called Mee Sum pastry. It’s owned by the third generation of the Fong family. They call their signature pastry, the best and biggest combos (套餐) in towns. Like Chinese hamburger, you can put chicken or puppy kibble or crispy even vegetable in it.
But in this sprawling (无序扩展的) market, one of the most unusual places isn’t a food or craft
stall. It’s the gum wall where people can stick their tiny chewed up clump on a roll. Apparently, they don’t give it much thought, trying to be original. This gum wall started about 20 years ago when the theater asked people not to bring gum inside because they didn’t want it under the seats, so people would put gum up on the outside.
Market officials initially tried to clear the sticky stuff off the wall, but new gum always reappeared so they finally gave up. The gum wall quickly became a tourist attraction. And just like that, the gum wall turned into an attraction, highlighting a more unusual side of Seattle that locals and visitors love.
1. What do we know about Seattle’s Pike Place Market?
A. It’s small and delicate. B. It’s tidy and in order.
C. It’s special and attractive. D. It’s modern and new.
2. What is Piroshky?
A. A Russian-speaking immigrant. B. A kind of baked pies.
C. People’s last name. D. A Chinese bakery.
3. How does the writer find the gum wall?
A. It should be cleared away.
B. It shows the special side of Seattle.
C. It is made on purpose.
D. It resulted from the market officials’ wrong decision.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。短文向读者报道了西雅图派克市场相关的一些信息。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段“Seattle’s Pike Place Market stretches for four city blocks. It includes a collection of old buildings, bunches of stalls and street musicians and after that draw both locals and visitors. The themed market wakes up each day at 5: 00 a.m. Among the first to arrive are flower vendors and fish mongers(小贩) like Jason Scott.”可知，西雅图派克市场占地面积达4个街区。这里有各种古式建筑、一排又一排的摊位、街头音乐家、可口的点心，让当地人和游客沉醉。这个市场有自己的主题，每天早上5
点就开门。先到这里的有花贩和像杰森·斯科特这样的鱼贩。所以通过对西雅图派克市场占地面积，市场所包括的主体，营业时间和主题和最先营业商品种类的描述。可以判断出西雅图派克市场很特别，很吸引人。故C选项正确。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。由第三段“Russian-speaking immigrants opened Piroshky bakery 25 years ago. If you go to Russia and you go to a market like this, you could hear the latest scream out-Piroshky, Piroshky and that’s why we call it Piroshky.”可知，讲俄语的移民25年前开了Piroshky面点店。如果你去俄罗斯，去这样一个市场，你可以听到人们在吆喝Piroshky，Piroshky，这就是我们为什么称之为Piroshky。既然Piroshky 能够在市场被吆喝，所以它应该是面点店制作出的一种食品。所以判断出其实Piroshky是刚出炉的派。故B选项正确。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。由最后段“And just like that, the gum wall turned into an attraction, highlighting a more unusual side of Seattle that locals and visitors love.”可知，就这样，口香糖墙变成了一个吸引人的地方，突显出西雅图更不寻常的一面，当地人和游客都喜欢。所以作者认为口香糖墙展现出了西雅图特殊的一面。故B选项正确。
B
As an international body charged with the mission of keeping world peace and development, the United Nations cannot operate without financial support from its member countries. And as a firm defender of multilateralism (多边主义) and a beneficiary of globalization, China knows how important it is to safeguard the current world order in which the UN plays an important role. China is aware how important it is that it does its bit to ensure the UN can accomplish its missions, and knows that this is a responsibility it must undertake for the benefit of all.
And Chinese people can take pride in the fact that the country has overtaken Japan to be the second-largest contributor to the UN regular budget. Since how much a country pays to the regular budget of the United Nations is a standard on how powerful the country is, at least financially. It is therefore natural that China’s contribution to the UN budget should rise from 2.05 percent in 2005 to 12.01 percent this year. That hike is an indicator of what the country has achieved over the past 13 years. With the country’s further development, there is no doubt that its financial contribution to the UN will continue to rise. China will pay as it should.
However, the more money a country pays, the more responsibility it shoulders and more say it is entitled to enjoy as a major player on the world stage. But the reality is that the rights and international standing China enjoys are still disproportional (不相称的) to what it does for the UN and its
contribution to the development of the world economy. As a responsible member of the international community, China is struggling for reform of the UN and the global governance system so they are more effective and representative of the international community as a whole.
Although peace and development remain the themes of the times, uncertainty and instability are on the rise. With this in mind, all countries should make combined efforts to deepen understanding, increase trust and promote cooperation. China is committed to building a community with a shared future for humanity and will continue to work with the UN to realize that vision.
4. What can we learn from the first paragraph?
A. China is against multilateralism and globalization.
B. The UN needs financial help from its member countries.
C. China doesn’t agree with the UN on keeping the current world order.
D. The UN must undertake the responsibility to ensure China’s benefit.
5. What does the underlined word “hike” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Walk. B. Rise.
C. Budget. D. Contribution.
6. What can we infer from paragraph 3?
A. If a country pays more money, it can take on less responsibility.
B. China’s contribution to world economy equals the rights it enjoys.
C. China is making great efforts to improve the situation of the UN.
D. The global governance system is very satisfying now.
7. What is the main idea of the text?
A. China is keeping world peace and development instead of the UN.
B. China contributes most to the UN regular budget.
C. China enjoys more say as a great power on the world stage.
D. China is working with the UN in search for common good.
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。短文阐述了中国在维护联合国在当今世界秩序中所发挥的作用中扮演着积极的角色。但现实是，中国所享有的权利和国际地位与中国为联合国所做的贡献以及中国对
世界经济发展的贡献仍不相称。但是中国仍旧致力于构建人类命运共同体，将继续与联合国一道为实现这一远景而继续努力。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段“As an international body charged with the mission of keeping world peace and development, the United Nations cannot operate without financial support from its member countries.”可知，作为一个肩负着维护世界和平与发展使命的国际机构，联合国的运行离不开各个成员国的财政支持。所以我们可以从第一段知道联合国需要成员国的财政支持。故B选项正确。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。由第二段“It is therefore natural that Chinas contribution to the UN budget should rise from 2.05 percent in 2005 to 12.01 percent this year. ”可知，中国对联合国预算的贡献从2005年的2.05%上升到今年的12.01%是自然的。所以第2段加下划线的“hike”一词可能是rise“上升”的意思。故B选项正确。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。由第三段“As a responsible member of the international community, China is struggling for reform of the UN and the global governance system so they are more effective and representative of the international community as a whole.” 作为国际社会负责任的一个成员国，中国正在为联合国的改革和全球治理体系而奋斗，使之更具效力，更能代表整个国际社会。所以通过关键词“struggling for reform of the UN，more effective, representative”可以从第3段判断出中国正在努力改善联合国的状况。故C选项正确。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是最后段“China is committed to building a community with a shared future for humanity and will continue to work with the UN to realize that vision.”可知，短文阐述了中国在维护联合国在当今世界秩序中所发挥的作用中扮演着积极的角色，但现实是，中国所享有的权利和国际地位与中国为联合国所做的贡献以及中国对世界经济发展的贡献仍不相称。中国致力于构建人类命运共同体，将继续与联合国一道为实现这一远景而努力。所以短文的主旨是中国正与联合国合作，寻求共同的利益。故D选项正确。
【点睛】通过关键词或者关键短语是解决推理判断题的重要解题方法之一。通过关键词或者关键短语，可以判断出所隐含的深层意思。
由第三段“As a responsible member of the international community, China is struggling for reform
of the UN and the global governance system so they are more effective and representative of the international community as a whole.” 作为国际社会负责任的一个成员国，中国正在为联合国的改革和全球治理体系而奋斗，使之更具效力，更能代表整个国际社会。所以通过关键词“struggling for reform of the UN，more effective, representative”可以从第3段判断出中国正在努力改善联合国的状况。故小题3的正确选项为C选项。
C
During Amsterdam’s chaotic rush hour, nine-year-old Lotta Crok cycles to a very busy junction. “Look,” she says. “There’s traffic coming from everywhere. Four trams from four different directions. For a child on a bike that’s really confusing!”
Lotta is the first junior cycle mayor in the world and her working area is the Dutch capital. You would think this challenge would be superfluous in a city known as the bicycle capital of the world. The number of bicycles in Amsterdam is estimated at 881,000 – more than the city’s 850,000 inhabitants – and 63% of the population cycle daily.
But children who cycle in Amsterdam face challenges, Lotta says: “The three biggest problems for us are cars, cycling tourists and scooters (小型摩托). The cars take up too much space, the tourists are always swinging side to side and stop when you least expect it, and the scooters simply run you over.”
Lotta became junior cycle mayor in June last year when she won a contest in which schoolchildren were asked to come up with plans to make cycling safer and more fun. Her idea was to add children’s bikes to the popular bike share programme.
Since Lotta was appointed junior cycle mayor, she has been busy, giving interviews, opening cycling contests in the city and being a jury（评审员）member during the Amsterdam Light Parade, an event in which Amsterdammers decorate their bikes with lights.
She is now planning a meeting with the city’s mayor to discuss ideas that children have come up with: “One of our proposals is a bicycle park where children can learn how to cycle. Right now, most of us learn it in the street, which can be quite busy. Another idea is to create an app for tourists to teach them the rules of cycling, because most of them really don’t know.”
Following the success of the Amsterdam scheme, cycle mayors around the world are now planning to appoint junior colleagues. “They see it works really well,” Boerma, the senior major, says. “I talk to the parents, Lotta talks to the children. And if you look at the city through the eyes of a
child, you will also make it accessible for others. A city that’s good for an eight-year-old is also good for an 88-year-old.”
8. Why is a junior cycle mayor appointed in Amsterdam?
A. To teach children how to ride.
B. To ensure cycling is safer for children.
C. To give suggestions to the city’s mayor on how to run the city.
D. To organize the cycling contests in the city.
9. Which word can best replace the underlined word “superfluous” in paragraph 2?
A. Important B. Unnecessary
C. Difficult D. Valuable
10. What has Lotta done since she became the bike mayor?
A. She has solved the three biggest problems for children cycling in Amsterdam.
B. She has won a contest about cycling.
C. She has given interviews and been a jury member during a parade.
D. She has given proposals to the city mayor.
11. What ’s Boerma’s attitude to the junior cycle mayor?
A. Cautious B. Favorable
C. Ambiguous D. Disapproving
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了阿姆斯特丹市去年任命九岁的洛特·克罗克为少年自行车市长的目的以及洛特·克罗克为确保儿童骑自行车更安全所采取的努力。这样成功的例子受到了全世界的好评并被积极效仿。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。由第四段“ Lotta became junior cycle mayor in June last year when she won a contest in which school children were asked to come up with plans to make cycling safer and more fun. Her idea was to add children’s bikes to the popular bike share programme”可知，去年6月，Lotta获得了一场比赛的冠军，她成为了少年自行车市长。在这场比赛中，学校的孩子们被要求提出让骑自行车更安全、更有趣的计划。她的想法是将儿童自行车添加到流行的自行车共享计划中。
所以这场比赛要求学校的孩子们站在自己的角度提出让骑自行车更安全、更有趣的计划。故判断出阿姆斯特丹任命了一位少年自行车市长的目的就是确保儿童骑自行车更安全。故B选项正确。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。由第二段“You would think this challenge would be superfluous in a city known as the bicycle capital of the world. The number of bicycles in Amsterdam is estimated at 81,000 - more than the city’s 850,000 inhabitants - and 63% of the population cycle daily”可知，在一个被称为世界自行车之都的城市里，你会认为这个困难是多余的。阿姆斯特丹的自行车数量估计为81000辆，比该市的85万居民多，占每天骑自行车数量的63%。所以Unnecessary“没必要的”最能代替第2段中带下划线的“superfluous”的意思。故B选项正确。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。由第五段“Since Lotta was appointed junior cycle mayor, she has been busy, giving interviews, opening cycling contests in the city and being a jury (评审员) member”可知，自从Lotta被任命为自行车市长以来，她一直很忙，接受采访，在该市举行自行车比赛，并担任评审员。故C选项正确。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由最后段“I talk to the parents, Lotta talks to the children. And if you look at the city through the eyes of a child, you will also make it accessible for others. A city that’s good for an eight-year-old is also good for an 88-year-old.”可知，我和父母交谈，, Lotta和孩子们交谈。如果你用一个孩子的眼光来看待这座城市，你也会让其他人去接近它。一个对8岁孩子有益的城市，对88岁的老人也是有益的。所以通过Boerma所说话的内容可以判断出，Boerm对少年自行车市长持支持的态度。故B选项正确。
【点睛】根据文章中人物所说的话的内容是解决推理判断题的重要方法，因为通过所说的内容，我们可以判断出，作者所要想表达的观点是积极的还是消极的，是中立的还是支持或者否定某一方，对事情是关心的还是冷漠的。是在提出建议还是在提出具体的解决措施。
由最后段“I talk to the parents, Lotta talks to the children. And if you look at the city through the eyes of a child, you will also make it accessible for others. A city that’s good for an eight-year-old is also good for an 88-year-old.”可知，我和父母交谈，洛塔和孩子们交谈。如果你用一个孩子的眼光来看待这座城市，你也会让其他人也能接近它。一个对8岁孩子有益的城市，对88岁的老人也是有益的。所以通过Boerma所说话的内容可以判断出，Boerm
对少年自行车市长持支持的态度。故小题4的正确选项为B选项。
D
The long, white robot weighs more than 450 kilograms. Like other robots, it is equipped with cameras and mechanical arms to automatically perform many different jobs.
Angus is a major part of operations at Alexander’s indoor robot farm about 40 kilometers south of San Francisco. The 743-square meter farm uses a hydroponic system that grows plants without soil. The plants grow inside equipment that provides a continuous flow of water. The indoor farm uses electrical light instead of sunlight.
This kind of farm uses much less water and does not require human labor to run. The main job for Angus is to move thousands of plants around the farm, from small containers to larger ones as they grow. Angus also carries plants to another robot that does not have a name yet. Angus moves slowly to complete its work. But the robot is very strong and can lift about 300 kilograms.
For now, the farm uses humans to collect vegetables and other crops when they are ready. But Alexander says he is working on a robot that will eventually take over that job too.
Alexander helped start the company Iron Ox after leaving Google, where he worked on robotics at the company’s Google X project. He teamed up with another former Google employee, Jon Binney. Together they founded Iron Ox.
Iron Ox’s website says the hydroponic growing system uses 90 percent less water. It also said the growing method is up to 30 times more productive than growing crops on land.
Alexander said growing food robotically throughout the year in major cities will provide a more consistent and fresh product. Most of the vegetables sold in the U.S. are grown in California, Arizona, Mexico and other nations. That means that many people in U.S. cities are eating vegetables that are nearly a week old by the time they arrive in stores.
Indoor farms operate all year and are not generally affected by bad weather. This will permit the company to provide a steady flow of goods without major price changes.
12. How does Angus work in the farm?
A. It provides a continuous flow of water for the plants.
B. It directs other robots to work in the farm.
C. It works on collecting vegetables.
D. It is in charge of transferring plants.
13. What do we know about Alexander?
A. He used to work on robotics at Google.
B. He started a company studying robotics with Binney.
C. He works on collecting crops when they are ready.
D. He started Iron Ox by himself.
14. What’s the advantage of Alexander’s farm?
A. The vegetables from this farm sell in higher price.
B. The vegetables from this farm are more nutritious.
C. It uses electrical light instead of sunlight.
D. It uses less water but produces more.
15. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the passage?
A. Robot Farm, the Future of the Agriculture
B. Robot Farm, Aiming to Bring Fresher Food to US Cities
C. Alexander, an Extraordinary Scientist on Robotics
D. Hydroponic System, the New Way of Farming
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. D 15. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文，短文介绍了美国的机器人室内农场，室内农场全年运作，为美国城市带来了更多的新鲜产品。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段“The main job for Angus is to move thousands of plants around the farm, from small containers to larger ones as they grow”可知，Angus的主要工作是移动农场周围数以千计的植物，当植物长大时，把它们从小容器移到大容器。所以Angus主要负责转移植物。故D选项正确。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。由第五段“Alexander helped start the company Iron Ox after leaving Google，where he worked on robotics at the company’s Google x project”可知，Alexander在离开谷歌后创立了IronOx公司，他曾经在谷歌的x项目中从事机器人研究工作。所以Alexander曾在谷歌从事机器人研究工作。故A选项正确。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。由第六段“Iron Ox’s website says the hydroponic growing system uses 90 percent less water. It also said the growing method is up to 30 times more productive than growing crops on land.”可知，IronOx的网站说，这种水培生长系统使用的水量减少了90%。它还说，这种种植方法的产量是在陆地上种植作物的30倍。所以Alexander农场的优势是它用水量少，但产量高。故D选项正确。
【15题详解】
标题归纳题。由后两段“Alexander said growing food robotically throughout the year in major cities will provide a more consistent and fresh product. Indoor farms operate all year and are not generally affected by bad weather. This will permit the company to provide a steady flow of goods without major price changes. ”可知，Alexander亚历山大说，在主要城市，全年以机器人的方式种植食物，向城市提供源源不断的新鲜产品。室内农场全年运作，一般不受恶劣天气影响。这将使公司能够在不发生重大价格变化的情况下提供稳定的货物流动。短文前五段主要介绍了机器人管理下的水培系统，这是一种新的室内耕作方式，具有用水少，产量高的优势。而介绍前五段的目的就是为了要说明后两段的内容“机器人农场，旨在为美国城市带来更新鲜的食物”。所以短文的最佳标题为“机器人农场，旨在为美国城市带来更新鲜的食物”。故B选项“机器人农场，旨在为美国城市带来更新鲜的食物”符合句意。故B选项正确。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The millipede (千足虫)
Forest life
___16___ We enjoy watching television programs about bears, bats or monkeys. We knew a lot about their lives: how they find food or what they do at different times of the year. But what about smaller animals that are more difficult to see or film?
___17___ A French scientist, Francois-Xavier, Joly, is studying one of them — the millipede.
The importance of leaves
When leaves begin to die in autumn, they turn from green to yellow and fall from the trees.
___18___ Life in the forest needs these nutrients— without them, plants could not grow and so there would be no food for other animals.
Food on the forest floor
Some living things, like mushrooms, break the leaves into smaller pieces and eat them. In a few months there is nothing left of them. But for mushrooms, not all trees are the same. Mushrooms prefer some types of leaves to others. This means that some leaves take much longer to break down than others, sometimes years. So what happens to these? ___19___
More on the menu
The millipede also likes leaves and it eats any type. But when it has finished, it produces waste. This waste then becomes the food of mushrooms. When mushrooms eat leaves they choose only certain types — But when they eat waste, they will eat any kind. ___20___
So next time you are walking through a forest, remember that something may be having a meal right under your feet!
A. This is where the millipede can help.
B. However, not all leaves are equally rich.
C. Millipedes do amazing things in the soil in our forests.
D. Forests are amazing places, and so are the animals that live in them.
E. As they break down on the ground, nutrients are returned to the soil.
F. Many small animals that live in forests are very important for the soil.
G. This is how the millipede turns dead leaves into food for others and helps life continue.
【答案】16. D 17. F
18. E 19. A
20. G
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。短文主要介绍了千足虫在森林中对生物的食物的分解起着积极的作用，对土壤非常的重要。
【16题详解】
由“We enjoy watching television programs about bears, bats or monkeys. We knew a lot about their lives: how they find food or what they do at different times of the year.”可知，我们喜欢看关于熊、蝙蝠或猴子的电视节目。我们对他们的生活了解很多:他们如何找到食物，或者他们在一年中的不同时间做什么。所以小题1要总说“森林是神奇的地方，生活在其中的动物也神奇，然后在接着说明人们在森林中的常见的动物以及对他们的了解。以便和but引导的句子形成转折关系。故D选项正确。
【17题详解】
由“But what about smaller animals that are more difficult to see or film?”但是，但是对于那些更难看到或拍摄的小动物呢？你又了解多少呢？所以小题2要对这个疑问句进行回答，来说明许多生活在森林里的小动物对土壤非常重要，然后再具体说明法国科学家弗朗索瓦-泽维尔正在研究千足虫，它对土壤也非常的重要。故F选项正确。
【18题详解】
由“When leaves begin to die in autumn, they turn from green to yellow and fall from the trees. ” 当树叶在秋天开始枯死时，它们从绿色变成黄色，然后从树上掉下来。所以整个分解变成营养的过程以及循环过程没有说完。所以小题3要将整个分解变成营养的过程说明完整。故E选项“当它们在地面上分解时，营养物质被返回到土壤中”符合句意。故E选项正确。
【19题详解】
由“This means that some leaves take much longer to break down than others, sometimes years. So what happens to these？”可知，这意味着一些树叶比其他树叶需要更长的时间来分解，有时需要几年。那么这些会发生什么呢？所以小题4要说明“这就是千足虫可以帮忙的地方”以此来说明它的作用。故A选项“这就是千足虫可以帮忙的地方”符合句意。故A选项正确。
【20题详解】
由“The millipede also likes leaves and it eats any type. But when it has finished, it produces waste. This waste then becomes the food of mushrooms. When mushrooms eat leaves they choose only certain types ----- But when they eat waste, they will eat any kind.”可知，千足虫也喜欢树叶，它吃任何一种叶子。但当它吃完时，它会产生废物。这些废物就变成了蘑菇的食物。当蘑菇吃叶子时，它们只选择特定的种类——但当它们吃废物时，它们会吃任何种类的废物。所以小题5要总结性地说明“这就是千足虫如何把枯叶变成其它生物的食物，从而帮助生命延续”。故G选项“这就是千足虫如何把枯叶变成其它生物的食物的过程，从而帮助了生命的延续”符合句意。故G选项正确。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Nolan Barry, 8, and Thomas MacKeen, 9, were on their way home from school in Atkinson, N.H., with three other students Tuesday when their ride took a ___21___ turn. The driver ___22___a
medical emergency and ___23___, but the bus was still moving.
Nolan usually sits at the front of the bus, where he can see the driver. Because of Nolan’s ___24___, he was somewhat familiar with the bus ___25___. Although he forgot which button to ___26___, he figured it out in time. Fortunately, Nolan ___27___ the emergency braking (刹车) system which also turns on the flashing red lights, putting the ___28___ sign and safety bar out.
But they weren’t out of the woods yet; and they couldn’t ___29___ how to open the doors. Thomas was the oldest student on the bus (in the fourth grade) and he was able to ___30___ the other students down and get them back into their seats.
Another student, 8-year-old David Silva, was also on the bus. Luckily, David’s father, Jesse Silva, was just down the road ___31___ for the school bus to deliver his child, and he noticed the kids ___32___ the windshield (挡风玻璃) and saying ‘help!’
The father ran over to the bus and ___33___ to get in. He saw the driver on the floor and the students were all ___34___ up. He tried unsuccessfully to ___35___ the driver — her eyes opened but she wasn’t communicating.
But that’s ___36___ the paramedics (护理人员) arrived. The bus driver was ___37___, but the cause of the collapse is still unclear. What is clear is that she was very ___38___ to have Nolan and Thomas on board when this all happened.
And they do feel like ___39___, “kind of,” Nolan said when interviewed. But they’re not letting it get to their ___40___. “Not like Superman. Not like that.”
21. A. exciting B. pleasant C. splendid D. scary
22. A. received B. suffered C. discovered D. broadcast
23. A. passed out B. lost temper C. went mad D. broke down
24. A. talent B. interactions C. observations D. anxiety
25. A. structure B. functions C. controls D. route
26. A. change B. press C. protect D. cover
27. A. destroyed B. fixed C. checked D. started
28. A. danger B. stop C. road D. position
29. A. make out B. explain C. figure out D. imagine
30. A. pull B. let C. put D. calm
31. A. looking B. answering C. longing D. waiting
32. A. beating B. wiping C. painting D. watching
33. A. refused B. hesitated C. failed D. managed
34. A. tied B. shaken C. made D. given
35. A. wake B. inform C. feed D. comfort
36. A. how B. why C. when D. where
37. A. arrested B. interviewed C. treated D. accused
38. A. sorry B. confused C. clever D. lucky
39. A. fools B. heroes C. experts D. drivers
40. A. heads B. eyes C. hands D. feet
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. D 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. A 36. C 37. C 38. D 39. B 40. A
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述8岁的诺兰·巴里和9岁的托马斯·麦肯和其他三名学生在新泽西州阿特金森放学回家时，司机昏迷校车失控的危机时刻，9岁的托马斯·麦肯稳定住了其他孩子的情绪，8岁的诺兰·巴里启动了紧急制动系统，使车停了下来，避免了一次交通事故。
【21题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. exciting令人兴奋的；B. pleasant高兴的；C. splendid 壮 丽 的；D. scary 恐 怖 的；可怕的。句意：周二，8岁的诺兰·巴里和9岁的托马斯·麦肯和其他三名学生在新泽西州阿特金森放学回家的路上，他们的校车发生了可怕的转弯。由下文可知，司机因急病昏倒了，但公共汽车还在行驶。所以车子失控发生了可怕的转弯。故D选项切题。
【22题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. received接受；B. suffered遭受；C. discovered发现；D. broadcast 广 播。句意：司机因急病昏倒了，但公共汽车还在行驶。司机昏倒了，所以一定是遭受了突发的疾病。故 suffered“遭受”符合句意。故B选项切题。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. passed out昏厥；B. lost temper大发雷霆；C. went mad发疯；D. broke down出故障。句意：司机因急病昏倒了，但公共汽车还在行驶。由下文“collapse ”可知，passed out与collapse同义。故A选项切题。
【24题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. talent天赋；B. interactions 互 相 影 响；C. observations观察；D. anxiety焦虑。句意：由于诺兰的观察，他有些熟悉校车的控制系统。由“Nolan usually sits at the front of the bus, where he can see the driver”可知，诺兰通常坐在车的前面，所以能够观察到司机是如何驾驶车辆的。故C选项切题。
【25题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. structure结构；B. functions功能；C. controls控制；D. route路线。句意：由于诺兰的观察，他有些熟悉公共汽车的控制系统。由下文可知，诺兰启动了紧急制动系统，所以诺兰熟悉校车的控制系统。故C选项切题。
【26题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. change改变；B. press压；C. protect保护；D. cover覆盖。句意：虽然他忘了按哪个按钮，但他还是及时想起来了。按钮需要按，才能发挥作用。故B选项切题。
【27题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. destroyed破坏；B. fixed 固定；C. checked检查；D. started启动。句意：幸运的是，诺兰启动了紧急制动系统，该系统也打开了闪烁的红灯，伸出了停车标志和安全杆。校车停了下来，伸出了停车标志和安全杆。所以判断出，诺兰启动了紧急制动系统。故D选项切题。
【28题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. danger危险；B. stop停止；C. road道路；D. position位置。句意：幸运的是，诺兰启动了紧急制动系统，该系统也打开了闪烁的红灯，伸出了停车标志和安全杆。校车上都装有停车标识和安全杆。制动系统启动时会伸出停车标志和安全杆。故B选项切题。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. make out 辨认出；B. explain解释；C. figure out弄明白；D. imagine想象。句意：但他们还没有脱离危险，也弄不明白怎么打开车门。由下文孩子们不停地敲打挡风玻璃,可知，孩子们还被困在车里。所以判断出他们不明白怎么打开车门。故C选项切题。
【30题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. pull拉；B. let让；C. put放置；D. calm镇定。句意：托马斯是校车上年龄最大的学生，他能让其他学生平静下来，能让他们回到座位上。托马斯是校车上年龄最大的学生，所以与其他孩子相比，更具有威信。所以判断出托马斯能使其他学生平静下来。故calm sb down“使某人平静下来”符合句意。故D选项切题。
【31题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. looking看；B. answering回答；C. longing 渴望；D. waiting等待。句意：幸运的是，大卫的父亲杰西席尔瓦就在路边等校车来接孩子，他注意到孩子们不停地敲打挡风玻璃，嘴里喊着“救命。家长接孩子，都要提前等待，以免错过。所以wait for“等待”符合句意。故D选项切题。
【32题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. beating打；B. wiping 擦；C. painting 描 绘；D. watching看。句意：幸运的是，大卫的父亲杰西席尔瓦就在路边等校车，来接他的孩子，他注意到孩子们不停地敲打挡风玻璃，嘴里喊着“救命。孩子还在在车里，而且车门是打不开的，所以通过击打挡风玻璃可以更好地引起别人的注意。故A选项切题。
【33题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. refused拒绝；B. hesitated犹豫；C. failed失败；D. managed 设 法 做 到。句意：这个父亲跑向公共汽车，设法上了车。由下文“ He saw the driver on the floor ”可知，他看到司机躺在车的地板上，所以判断出这位父亲是成功地进入了车内。 manage to do“设法做某事（强调成功了）”。故D选项切题。
【34题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. tied 捆 绑；B. shaken震动；C. made制作；D. given给。句意：他看见司机倒在车的地板上，学生们吓坏了。司机昏厥，车辆自己行驶，所以孩子们肯定是受到了惊吓。be shaken up“吓坏了”符合句意。故B选项切题。
【35题详解】
考查辨析。A. wake唤醒； B. inform告知；C. feed喂养；D. comfort安慰。句意：他试图叫醒司机，但却没有成功。根据常识可以判断出，司机已经昏厥，所以进入车内的第一件事，就是救人。所以要叫醒司机。故A选项切题。
【36题详解】
考查连接副词辨析。A. how 怎么样；B. why为什么；C. when在…时候；D. where在哪里。句意：但就在那时医护人员赶到了。本句为表语从句，表示救护人员到达的时间，所以用连接副词when，故C选项切题。
【37题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. arrested逮捕；B. interviewed面试；C. treated治疗；D. accused控诉。句意：这位校车司机接受了治疗，但昏厥的原因仍不清楚。由“the paramedics(护理人员)arrived”可
知，护理人员到了，所以要对病人进行救治。故treated“治疗”符合句意。故C选项切题。
【38题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. sorry对不起的；B. confused困惑的；C. clever聪明的；D. lucky幸运的。句意：但清晰的是，当这一切发生时，幸好有诺兰和托马斯在车上。是诺兰和托马斯使孩子们和司机得以幸存，所以，幸好有诺兰和托马斯在车上。否则后果不敢设想。故D选项切题。
【39题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. fools 傻瓜；B. heroes英雄；C. experts专家；D. drivers司机。句意：诺兰在接受采访时说，他们确实觉得有些像英雄。他们做了拯救其他人的事情，避免了事故的发生，所以在别人眼里以及自己看来都觉得自己是英雄。故B选项切题。
【40题详解】
考查名词辨析。 A. heads头；B. eyes眼睛；C. hands手；D. feet脚。句意：但是他们很冷静。get to one’s heads“使某人头脑发热”。由下文“Not like Superman. Not like that.”可知，他们很冷静。故A选项切题。
第二节 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There are many reasons ___41___ college and university students often fail ___42___ (get) full nights of sleep. Many American students are away from their parents for the first time when they attend college. They might not be used to having total ___43___ (free) in how they plan their days and nights. Parties, late night study meetings, or just time spent relaxing with friends – these are all things that cut into college students’ sleep habits.
A few years ago, Michael Scullin began teaching ___44___ science of sleep to psychology students at Baylor University in Waco, Texas. Scullin is an assistant professor at Baylor and the director of its Sleep Neuroscience and Cognition Laboratory. He says his students seemed to enjoy the class and were interested in the material he was teaching. The class ___45___ (center) round why the body needs to sleep and the physical and mental health problems ___46___ (cause) by a lack of sleep. This includes difficulty focusing on studies or ___47___ (control) one’s emotions, and increased risk of many diseases.
The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states that adults need at least seven hours of sleep a night to stay ___48___ (health). Scullin found students who slept more performed ___49___ (well) in two different classes, ___50___ he published his findings in two
academic publications last November.
【答案】41. why
42. to get 43. freedom
44. the 45. centered
46. caused 47. controlling
48. healthy
49. better 50. and
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了导致大学生经常无法获得充足的睡眠的原因以及缺少睡眠对大学生所带来的危害。
【41题详解】
考查关系副词。句意：有很多原因可以解释为什么大学生经常无法获得充足的睡眠。分析句子可知，reasons为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作原因状语，所以关系副词为why。故填why.
【42题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：有很多原因可以解释为什么大学生经常无法获得充足的睡眠。fail to do sth“未能做某事”为固定短语。故填to get.
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：他们可能不习惯完全自由地计划他们的白天和夜晚。total为形容词修饰名词freedom。故填freedom.
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：几年前，迈克尔·斯卡林开始在德克萨斯州韦科的贝勒大学向心理学学生教授睡眠科学。the +名词of“……的”，the表示特指。故填the.
【45题详解】
考查一般过去时。句意：这门课围绕着为什么身体需要睡眠以及睡眠不足所导致的身体和心理健康问题而展开。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时。故填centered.
【46题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：这门课围绕着为什么身体需要睡眠以及睡眠不足所导致的身体和心理健康问题展开。分析句子可知，problems与cause
在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填caused.
【47题详解】
考查动名词。句意：这个包括难以专注于学术研究或控制自己的情绪，并且会增加患病的风险。本句为have difficulty（in）doing sth的用法。由or可知，focusing 与controlling为选择关系。故填controlling.
【48题详解】
考查形容词。句意：美国疾病控制和预防中心表示，成年人每晚至少需要7小时的睡眠才能保持健康。stay为半系动词后接形容词作表语。故填healthy.
【49题详解】
考查副词比较级。句意：斯卡利林发现，睡眠较为充足的学生在两个不同的课程中表现得更好，并且在去年11月，他在两份学术刊物上发表了自己的研究结果。由“more”可知，这实际上是将睡眠较为充足的学生与睡眠不足的学生，在课程表现中的对比，所以用well的比较级better。故填better.
【50题详解】
考查连词。句意：斯卡利林发现，睡眠较为充足的学生在两个不同的课程中表现得更好，并且在去年11月，他在两份学术刊物上发表了自己的研究结果。分析句意可知，前后句表示并列关系，所以用and来连接。故填and.
【点睛】非谓语动词是考试考查的重点，要掌握它的用法。首先，要弄清楚填空处要填的是非谓语。其次，要知道非谓语动词的三种形式：现在分词表示主动进行、过去分词表示被动完成、动词不定式表示目的和将来。再次，要知道非谓语动作与谓语动作是同时发生还是先后发生，还是将要发生。
分析第六小题的句子可知，problems与cause在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填caused.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Yesterday, I was walked my dog in the evening when I saw the poor child who was selling some key chains. He had five key chains and was asking for me to buy one. I asked myself, “Is he selling this build a house?” My heart answered “No, this is for his hungry tonight.” I bought all the key chain and offered him milk and biscuits. I gave her a smiley key chain back as a gift, but his smile was awesome. I feel great satisfaction in my heart at that moment. I believe that life is successfully if you win a smile from someone.
【答案】1.walked →walking
2. the →a
3.去掉for
4.this后加to
5.hungry→hunger
6.chain→chains
7.her→ him
8.but→and
9.feel→ felt
10.successfully→successful
【解析】
【详解】这是一篇记叙文。作者在晚上遛狗的时候看到一个卖钥匙链的穷孩子，买下了所有的钥匙链，并给了他牛奶和饼干。作者还将带笑脸的钥匙链作为礼物送给了小男孩，小男孩开心地笑了。那一刻，作者心里感到非常满足。作者认为赢得了别人的微笑，生活就是成功的。
第一处：考查过去进行时。句意：昨天晚上，我在遛狗的时候看到一个卖钥匙链的穷孩子。分析句子可知，本句为过去进行时。故walked 改成walking.
第二处：考查冠词。句意：昨天晚上，我在遛狗的时候，看到一个卖钥匙链的穷孩子。child为数名词，在短文中第一次提到，所以用不定冠词来修饰，表示泛指。又因为child被poor所修饰，且poor首字母的发音为辅音音素，所以用不定冠a来修饰。故the 改成a.
第三处：考查删除多余词。句意：他有五条钥匙链，要我买一条。ask sb to do sth“让某人做某事”为固定短语。故去掉for.
第四处：考查增加词。句意：我问自己，“他卖这个是为了建造房子吗？”。分析句子可知，本句为动词不定式作目的状语。故this后加to.
第五处：考查名词。句意：我的内心告诉我:“不，他卖钥匙链是因为今晚他很饿。his为形容词性物主代词后接名词作宾语。故hungry改成hunger.
第六处：考查名词复数。句意：我买下了所有的钥匙链，并给了他牛奶和饼干。chain为可数名词,且被all修饰，所以填chains。故chain改成chains.
第七处：考查代词。句意：我给了他一个带笑脸的钥匙链作为礼物，他开心地笑了。作者是给了小男孩一个带笑脸的钥匙链作为礼物，所以人称代词为him。故her改成him.
第八处：考查连词。句意：我给了他一个带笑脸的钥匙链作为礼物，他开心地笑了。分析句意可知，前后句子表示并列关系，所以用并列连词and连接。故but改成and.
第九处：考查一般过去时。句意：那一刻，我心里感到非常满足。由“Yesterday”可知，故事发生在昨天，所以句子用过去时。故feel改成 felt.
第十处：考查形容词。句意：我相信，如果你赢得了别人的微笑，你的生活就是成功的。分析句子结构可知，本句为主系表结构。故successfully改成successful.
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
52.为帮助你校英国留学生尽快适应在中国的学习和生活，学校国际部现面向全校学生招聘志愿者。假定你是李华，对此很感兴趣，请根据以下要点写一封应聘信。
内容要点：
1. 你的应聘理由；
2. 你的应聘优势；
3. 你的帮助计划。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear sir,
I saw your advertisement in the school paper this evening，and I wonder if you would consider me for a job as a volunteer who is willing to help English students studying in China to adjust themselves to their study and life as soon as possible.
I am a sophomore in this university. I major in English. I will go abroad to study further next year. So I need an opportunity to improve myself. Besides, I prefer to show something about our country to foreigners, such as Chinese, Chinese customs and Chinese cultures. In the past 2 years， I have grasped the principals of my major and skills of practice. Not only have I passed CET-6and TEM4， but more important I can communicate with others freely in English。 My ability to write and speak English is out of question。I will take them to pay a visit to the local people and families, making them have a good understanding of Chinese life styles .As to their study, I will make a plan to help them learn how to learn Chinese and other subjects well.
Thank you very much for your consideration. I look forward to hearing from you soon
Yours,
LiHua
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文，要求写一封信。
【详解】第一步：审题。审题的目的是获取重要信息。通过审题我们可以确定几个方面的信息。第一，1. 你的应聘理由；2. 你的应聘优势；3. 你的帮助计划。第二，人称为第一人称。第三，时态为一般现在时和一般将来时，兼用现在完成时。
第二步：布局段落，确定主要段落，次要段落，段落数量。这篇写作段落数量为三段。第一段，说明要申请的岗位。第二段，你的应聘理由；你的应聘优势；你的帮助计划。第三段，期待回复。
第三步：确定关键词汇和短语: wonder ，consider，volunteer，sophomore ，opportunity， improve ，freely, prefer to do sth, Chinese, Chinese customs and Chinese cultures, CET-6and
TEM4, communicate with sb, pay a visit to, the local people and families, have a good understanding of, Chinese life styles,be willing to do sth ,adjust oneself to …，major in，help sb to do sth.
第四步：确定较为高级的句子: if 引导的宾语从句和who 引导的定语句I wonder if you would consider me for a job as a volunteer who is willing to help English students studying in China to adjust themselves to their study and life as soon as possible. not only …but also 引导的并列句Not only have I passed CET-6and TEM4， but more important I can communicate with others freely in English. 现在分词作伴随状语I will take them to pay a visit to the local people and families, making them have a good understanding of Chinese life styles.
第五步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连接词进行过渡衔接: Besides, Not only …but also, As to study.
第六步：注意书写，保持卷面整洁，避免划线，乱擦。
【点睛】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了较为高级的句式:如if 引导的宾语从句和who 引导的定语句I wonder if you would consider me for a job as a volunteer who is willing to help English students studying in China to adjust themselves to their study and life as soon as possible. not only …but also 引导的并列句Not only have I passed CET-6and TEM4， but more important I can communicate with others freely in English. 现在分词作伴随状语I will take them to pay a visit to the local people and families, making them have a good understanding of Chinese life styles.
高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。
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