绝密★启封前
2018上海市高考压轴卷
英 语
www.ks5u.com
考生注意：
1. 考试时间120分钟, 试卷满分150分。
2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。试卷分为第I卷（第1－12页）和第II卷（第13页），全卷共13页。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
答题前,务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名,并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上,在答题纸反而清楚地填写姓名。
第I卷(共103分)
Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. 2 liters. B. 13 liters. C. 26 liters. D. 52 liters.
2. A. In an English class. B. In a swimming pool.
C. On a bus. D. In a sporting goods store.
3. A. By bus. B. By underground. C. By taxi. D. By car.
4. A. Doctor and patient. B. Teacher and student.
C. Employer and Employee. D. Salesman and customer.
5. A. Have a lesson. B. Take a test.
C. See a film. D. Go to bed.
6. A. Difficult. B. Memorable.
C. Uninteresting. D. Worthwhile.
7. A. She wants a bottle of juice. B. She’d like some alcohol.
C. The red wine in this bar is perfect. D. The location of the bar is unknown.
8. A. An excellent résumé. B. An entry form.
C. A job offer. D. The position of system engineer.
9. A. It’s famous. B. It’s professional.
C. It’s expensive. D. It’s cheating.
10. A. The 26-month-old baby is always busy watching videos.
B. TV and videos may hurt a child’s language development.
C. Nothing can replace parents in kids’ language development.
D. Children usually watch TV too passively to learn something.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear one longer conversation and two short passages, and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation and the passages. The conversation and the passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following dialogue.
11. A. Encouraging. B. Dishonest. C. Interesting. D. Nervous.
12. A. How to start his own business. B. How to develop a real interest.
C. How to speak to a woman bravely. D. How to balance his study and work.
13. A. He has too loose a schedule. B. He loves the feeling with students.
C. He is dissatisfied with his current job. D. He wants to determine his future development.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. Kids threw litter everywhere.
B. The camp director gave rude orders.
C. Some mysterious plastic litter was found.
D. Kids’ joint efforts led to a clean camp.
15. A. By taking pictures of litter he picked up.
B. By sharing photos of the terribly dirty planet.
C. By keeping a record of crowdsourced cleaning-up.
D. By inspiring kids to pick up five pieces of litter every day.
16. A. There is strength in numbers. B. Birds can help to pick up litter.
C. Litter is artistic and approachable. D. More straws should be used in the café.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following passage.
17. A. To enable students to reject violence.
B. To help students face struggles more properly.
C. To improve students’ health.
D. To eliminate poverty more effectively.
18. A. How to calm down by talking to experts.
B. How to clear their mind throughout the day.
C. How to make their teachers happy.
D. How to respond to situations better.
19. A. More students dropped out last year.
B. There is less bad behavior on campus.
C. Students are less responsible for their study.
D. More students are willing to be sent to the office.
20. A. Its effect remains to be seen.
B. Everyone can benefit from it.
C. It helps to get rid of poverty to some extent.
D. There is enough evidence to show its significance.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form. of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
On the morning of September 11, 2001, computer sales manager Michael Hingson , who is blind , went early to his office on the 78th floor of the North Tower of the World Trade Center to prepare for a meeting . As Michael worked , his guide dog , a Labrador retriever ___21____(name) Roselle, dozed by his feet.
At 8:46 a.m, a tremendous boom rocked the building , eliciting screams throughout the floor . Michael grabbed Roselle , trusting that the dog ___22____(lead) out of the danger, and they navigated their way to a stairwell.
“Forward,” Machael instructed , and they descended the first of 1,463 steps to the lobby.___23____ about ten floors , the stairwell grew crowded and hot ,and the fumes from jet fuel had made it hard to breathe. When a woman became crazy , yelling that they wouldn’t make it. Roselle accompanied the woman ___24_____she finally petted the dog , calmed herself , and kept walking down the stairs.
Around the 30th floor, firefighters started passing Michael on their way up . Each one stopped to offer him assistance. He declined but let Roselle be petted, __25___ (provide) many of the firefighters with ____26___ would be their last experience of unconditional love.
After about 45 minutes ,Michael and Roselle reached __27___ booby ,and 15 minutes later ,they emerged outside to a scene of chaos . Suddenly the police yelled for everyone to run as the South Tower began to collapse.
Michael kept a tight grip on Roselle’s harness , using voice and hand commands, as they ran to a street opposite the crumbling tower . The street bounced like a trampoline , and “a deafening roar” like a hellish freight train filled the air. Hours later , Michael andRoselle made it home safely . At that moment , they thought they were ___28____(lucky ) in the world.
In 2004, Roselle developed a blood disorder , ___29___ prevented her from guiding and touring . She died in 2011.
“ I ___30___ (have) many other dogs ,” Mechael wrote , “but there is only one Roselle.”
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. catalog B. barely C. free D. self-consciousness E. prospects
F. compulsory G. dropped H. assigned I. certified J. totally K. transfer
For thousands of commuting students, Chabot was our Columbia, Annapolis, even our Sorbonne, offering courses in physics, stenography, auto mechanics, ___31___ public accounting, foreign languages, journalism—name the art or science, the subject or trade, and it was probably in the ___32___. The college had a nursing program that churned out graduates, sports teams that funneled athletes to big-time programs, and parking for a few thousand cars—all ___33___, but for the effort and the cost of used textbooks.
Classmates included veterans back from Vietnam, women of every marital and maternal status returning to school, middle-aged men wanting to improve their employment ___34___ and paybacks. We could get our general education requirement out of the way at Chabot—credits we could ___35___ to a university—which made those two years an invaluable head start. I was able to go on to the California State University in Sacramento (at $95 a semester, just ___36___ affordable) and study no other subject but my major, theater arts. (After a year there I moved on, enrolling in a little thing called the School of Hard Knocks, a.k.a. Life.)
“By some fluke of the punch-card computer era, I made Chabot’s dean’s list taking classes I loved (oral interpretation), classes I hesitated (health, a requirement), classes I aced, and classes I ___37___ after the first hour (astronomy, because it was all math). I nearly failed zoology, killing my fruit flies by neglect, but got lucky in an English course, “The College Reading Experience.” The books of Carlos Castaneda were incomprehensible to me (and still are), but my___38___ presentation on the analytic process called structural dynamics was hailed as clear and concise, though I did nothing more than embellish the definition I had looked up in the dictionary.
A public-speaking class was unforgettable for a couple of reasons. First, the assignments forced us to get over our ___39___. Second, another student was a stewardess, as flight attendants called themselves in the 70’s. She was studying communications and was gorgeous. She lived not far from me, and when my VW threw a rod and was in the shop for a week, she offered me a lift to class. I rode shotgun that Monday-Wednesday-Friday, ___40___ tongue-tied. Communicating with her one-on-one was the antithesis of public speaking.
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
It’s a high-risky, multibillion-dollar industry with tight deadlines, demanding customers and lives in danger.
The business is 41 . And it’s booming.
The number of jobs for translators and interpreters doubled in the past 10 years while their wages
steadily 42 before, during and after the recession. During a period of stagnating (停滞的) wages across the labor market, the language-service industry with its 50,000 jobs is a 43 spot in the jobs outlook.
Lillian Clementi is a French translator working in corporate communications from her home in Arlington, Massachusetts and is routinely on tight deadlines to hand in translated material. “The risks can be huge,” said Clementi, “There’s tons of 44 pressure.”
In some cases, a(n) 45 translation or interpretation is also vital. If a user’s guide for medical equipment is not translated well, it could lead to 46 during an emergency. Soldiers in conflict areas require excellent interpreters to speak with community members. Any change of tone or context could put lives 47 .
Translators’ and interpreters’ immunity (免疫力) to the nation’s economic downturn also 48 the growing demand for people who can speak several languages in an increasingly globalized economy, experts said.
“Good translators who 49 a particular subject and become really good at it can really make six-digit figures annually,” said Jiri Stejskal, spokesman for the American Translators Association.
Multinational corporations, U.S. demographic (人口的) changes and the Internet economy raise the need for translated and localized information. Companies increasingly want their content 50 to the tongue of the town, even between dialects of the same language.
“As more people 51 the worldwide economy, that’s going to drive more commerce, and that’s going to drive more language services,” said Bill Rivers, executive director of the National Council for Language and International Studies in the Washington region.
52 , qualifications for translators and interpreters are not as simple as they may seem. Speaking two languages does not mean a person can work in the language-service industry, experts said. Learning how to translate or interpret is a 53 skill beyond knowing the language.
Furthermore, the most successful translators and interpreters maintain a 54 , such as legal documents, quarterly earnings reports or a special knowledge of industry.
Technological advances may cut jobs in some industries, but online translation services like Google Translate 55 raise demand for human translators and interpreters, experts said. Online sales companies also drive demand for translation.
41．A. tourism B. language C. technology D. economy
42．A. shrank B. changed C. grew D. remained
43．A. bright B. scenic C. historic D. tough
44．A. money B. peer C. blood D. time
45．A. proper B. quick C. direct D. innovative
46．A. disease B. depression C. violence D. confusion
47．A. in order B. at risk C. under control D. out of state
48．A. highlights B. understands C. increases D. resists
49．A. set up B. depend on C. specialize in D. object to
50．A. limited B. accustomed C. related D. tailored
51．A. agree with B. have access to C. are confident of D. insist on
52．A. Instead B. Therefore C. However D. Otherwise
53．A. separate B. genetic C. learnable D. worthwhile
54．A. certificate B. diploma C. strategy D. specialty
55．A. automatically B. respectively C. actually D. immediately
Section B
Direction：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished sattments. For each of them there are four choices markedA, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
If you could be anybody in the world, who would it be? Your neighbour or a super star? A few people have experienced what it might be like to step into the skin of another person, thanks to an unusual virtual reality（虚拟现实）device. Rikke Wahl, an actress, model and artist, was one of the participants in a body swapping experiment at the Be Another lab, a project developed by a group of artists based in Barcelona. She swapped with her partner, an actor, using a machine called The Machine to Be Another and temporarily became a man. "As I looked down, I saw my whole body as a man, dressed in my partner's pants," she said. "That's the picture I remember best."
The set-up is relatively simple. Both users wear a virtual reality headset with a camera on the top. The video from each camera is sent to the other person, so what you see is the exact view of your partner. If she moves her arm, you see it. If you move your arm, she sees it.
To get used to seeing another person's body without actually having control of it, participants start by raising their arms and legs very slowly, so that the other can follow along. Eventually, this kind of slow synchronised（同步的）movement becomes comfortable, and participants really start to feel as though they are living in another person's body.
Using such technology promises to alter people's behaviour afterwards-potentially for the better. Studies have shown that virtual reality can be effective in fighting racism-the bias（偏见）that humans have against those who don't look or sound like them. Researchers at the University of Barcelona gave people a questionnaire called the Implicit Association Test, which measures the strength of people's associations between, for instance, black people and adjectives such as good, bad, athletic or awkward. Then they asked them to control the body of a dark skinned digital character using virtual reality glasses, before taking the test again. This time, the participants' bias scores were lower. The idea is that once you've "put yourself in another's shoes" you're less likely to think ill of them, because your brain has internalised the feeling of being that person.
The creators of The Machine to Be Another hope to achieve a similar result. "At the end of body swapping, people feel like holding each other in their arms," says Arthur Pointeau, a programmer with the project. "It's a really nice way to have this kind of experience. I would really, really recommend it to everyone."
56．The word "swapping" (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to______.
A. building B. exchanging C. controlling D. transplanting
57．We can infer from the experiment at the Be Another lab that______.
A. our feelings are related to our bodily experience
B. we can learn to take control of other people's bodies
C. participants will live more passionately after the experiment
D. The Machine to Be Another can help people change their sexes
58．In the Implicit Association Test, before the participants used virtual reality glasses to control a dark skinned digital character, ______.
A. they fought strongly against racism
B. they scored lower on the test for racism
C. they changed their behaviour dramatically
D. they were more biased against those unlike them
59．It can be concluded from the passage that______.
A. technology helps people realize their dreams
B. our biases could be eliminated through experiments
C. virtual reality helps promote understanding among people
D. our points of view about others need changing constantly
（B）
Welcome to the British Museum, the grandest and the most spectacular of human history. The admission is free and we open every day from 10:00 to 15:30. You can explore 10 departments including:
The Department of Africa, Oceania and the Americas
The collection of the Department of Africa, Oceania and the Americas includes around 350,000 objects. The scope of the collection is contemporary, and historical. It includes most of Africa, the Pacific and Australia, as well as the Americas. All of the collections were got during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries and date from this time.
The Department of Asia
The Department of Asia covers the material and visual cultures of Asia – a vast geographical area of Japan, Korea, China, Central Asia, Afghanistan, South Asia and South-East Asia. The collection dates from about 4000 BC, to the present day. It represents the cultures and ways of life of local people and other minority groups.
The Department of Greek and Roman Empires
The Department of Greek and Roman Empires features antiquities (古董). It has one of the most comprehensive collections of antiquities from the Classical world, with over 100,000 objects. These mostly range in date from the beginning of the Greek Bronze Age (about 3200BC) to the time of the Roman emperor Constantine in the fourth century AD.
60. The scope of the Department of Africa, Oceania and Americas doesn’t include______.
A. Africa B. Australia C. the South America D. Britain
61. The earliest collection is from ______.
A. The Department of Africa, Oceania and the Americas
B. The Department of Asia
C. The Department of Greek and Roman Empires
D. All of the above
62. The Department of Asia represents ______.
A. the geographic features of Asia
B. the relationships between Asian countries
C. the life styles and cultural traditions of some peoples
D. the cultural fights between some native groups
(C)
“Does my smile look big in this?” Future fitting-room mirrors in clothing stores could subtly adjust your reflection to make you look ─ and hence feel ─ happier, encouraging you to like what you see.
That’s the idea behind the Emotion Evoking System developed by Shigeo Yoshida and colleagues at the University of Tokyo in Japan. The system can manipulate, or in other word, control your emotions and personal preferences by presenting you with an image of your own smiling or frowning face.
The principle that physiological changes can drive emotional ones ─ that laughter comes before happiness, rather than the other way around ─ is a well-established idea.
The researchers wanted to see if this idea could be used to build a computer system that manipulates how you feel. The system works by presenting the user with a web-camera image of his or her face ─ as if they were looking in a mirror. The image is then subtly altered with software, turning the corners of the mouth up or down and changing the area around the eyes, so that the person appears to smile or frown (皱眉).
Without telling them the aim of the study, the team recruited (招募) 21 volunteers and asked them to sit in front of the screen while performing an unrelated task. When the task was complete the participants rated how they felt. When the faces on screen appeared to smile, people reported that they felt happier. On the other hand, when the image was given a sad expression, they reported feeling less happy.
Yoshida and his colleagues tested whether manipulating the volunteers’ emotional state would influence their preferences. Each person was given a scarf to wear and again presented with the altered webcam image. The volunteers that saw themselves smiling while wearing the scarf were more likely to report that they liked it, and those that saw themselves not smiling were less likely.
The system could be used to manipulate consumers’ impressions of products, say the researchers. For example, mirrors in clothing-store fitting rooms could be replaced with screens showing altered reflections. They also suggest people may be more likely to find clothes attractive if they see themselves looking happy while trying them on.
“It’s certainly an interesting area,” says Chris Creed at the University of Birmingham, UK. But he notes that using such technology in a shop would be harder than in the lab, because people will use a wide range of expressions. “Attempting to make slight differences to these and ensuring that the reflected image looks believable would be much more challenging,” he says.
Of course, there are also important moral questions surrounding such subtly manipulative technology. “You could argue that if it makes people happy what harm is it doing?” says Creed. “But I can imagine that many people may feel manipulated, uncomfortable and cheated if they found out.”
63．What’s the main purpose of the Emotion Evoking System?
A. To see whether one’s feeling can be unconsciously affected.
B. To see whether one’s facial expressions can be altered.
C. To see whether laughter comes before happiness.
D. To replace the mirrors in future clothing-store fitting rooms.
64．What can we learn about the web-camera image in the study?
A. It recorded the volunteers’ performance in the task.
B. It gave the volunteers a false image.
C. It attempted to make the volunteers feel happier.
D. It beautified the volunteers’ appearance in the mirror.
65．What does Creed mention as a limitation of the technology?
A. It only changes the areas around the mouth and the eyes.
B. It only works in clothing stores.
C. It only makes subtle changes to people’s expressions.
D. It only deals with a limited number of facial expressions.
66．What does Creed’s comment on the moral issues with this technology imply?
A. Nothing is more important than happiness.
B. Technology is unable to manipulate people.
C. People should make their decisions independently.
D. People should neglect the harm of the technology.
Section C
Directions : Complete the following passage by using the sentences listed below. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.
Suppose you become a leader in an organization . It’s very likely that you’ll want to have volunteers to help with the organization’s activities . To do so , it should help understand why people undertake volunteer word and what keeps their interest in the work.
Let’s begin with the question of why people volunteer . ___________67_______________For example , people volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness , to expand their range of experiences , and to strengthen social relationships. If volunteer positions do not meet these needs, people may not wish to participate . To select volunteers , you may need to understand the motivations of the people you wish to attract.
People also volunteer because they are required to do so . To increase levels of community service, some schools have launched compulsory volunteer programs. Unfortunately , these programs can shift people’s wish of participating from an internal factor(e.g.,’I volunteer because it’s important to me”) to an external factor(e.g., ‘ I volunteer because I’m required to do so .”) . When that happens people become less likely to volunteer in the future._________68______________
Once people begin to volunteer ,what leads them to remain in their positions over time? To answer this question , researchers have conducted follow-up studies in which they track volunteers over time. For instance , one study followed 238 volunteers in Florida over a year . One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions.____69______ the researchers note that attention should be given to “training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provide them with strategies for coping with the problem they do experience.”
Another study of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on individual differences in the degree to which people view “volunteer” as an important social role.______70________ .
Participants indicated the degree to which the social role mattered by responding to statements such as “Volunteering in Hospital is an important part of who I am .” “ Consistent with the researchers “ expectations, they found a positive correlation between the strength of role identity and the length of time people continued to volunteer. These results , once again , lead to concrete advice:” Once an individual begins volunteering ,continued efforts might focus on developing a volunteer role identity -------- Item like T-shirts that allow volunteers to be recognized publicly for their contribution can help strengthen role identity.”
A. People volunteer mainly out of academic requirements and internal needs.
B. People must be sensitive to this possibility when they make volunteer activities a must
C. It was assumed that those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity would also be likely to continue volunteer work.
D. Individual differences in role identity is most likely to motivate volunteers to continue their work.
E. Although this result may not surprise you ,it leads to important practical advice.
F. Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people to get involved.
Section D
Directions : Read the following passage , Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words . Use your own words as far as possible.
In the United States alone , over 100 million cell-phones are thrown away each year. Cell-phone are part of a a growing mountain of electronic waste like computers and personal digital assistants. The electronic waste stream is increasing three times faster than traditional garbage as a whole.
Electronic devices contain valuable metals such as gold and silver . A Swiss study reported that while the weight of electronic goods represented by precious metals was relatively small in comparison to total waste , the concentration (含氟) of gold and other precious metals was higher in So-called e-waste than in naturally occurring minerals.
Electronic wastes also contain many poisonous metals . Even when the machines are recycled and the harmful metals removed , the recycling process often is carried out in poor countries , in practically uncontrolled ways which allow many poisonous substances to escape into the environment.
Creating products out of raw materials creates much more materials, up to 100 times more, than the material contained in the finished products . Consider again the cell-phone , and imagine the mines that produced those metals , the factories needed to make the box and packaging(包装) it
came in . Many wastes produced in the producing process are harmful as well.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency notes that most waste is dangerous in that “ the production , distribution , and use of products ------as well as management of the resulting waste-----all result in greenhouse gas release.” Individuals can reduce their contribution by creating less waste at the start ---- for instance , buying reusable products and recycling
In many countries the concept of the extended producer responsibility is being considered or has been put in place as an incentive（动机）for reducing waste. If producers are required to take back packaging they use to sell their products , would they reduce the packaging in the first place?
Governments’ incentive to require producers to take responsibility for the packaging they produce is usually based on money . Why , they ask , should cities or towns be responsible for paying to deal with the bubble wrap (气泡垫)that encased your television?
From the governments’ point of view , a primary goal of laws requiring extended producer responsibility is to transfer both the costs and the physical responsibility of waste management from the government and tax-payers back to the producers.
第II卷(共47分)
I. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72．将来过怎样的生活取决于你自己。(be up to)
73． 我们学习英语不是为了参加考试，而是为了掌握一种交际工具。(tool)
74．尽管家境贫寒，但那个男孩志存高远并梦想着有朝一日能获诺贝尔奖。(Despite)
75．虽然现代社会物资丰富，给予消费者更多的选择，但也使不少人变成购物狂。(turn)
II. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120–150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假定你是李华，最近你发现有学生将共享单车停到了校园内并且上了私锁。请你就此现象，写一份倡议书发表在校英文报上，倡议同学们文明使用共享单车。
内容提示： 1. 共享单车带给人们的便利；
2. 如何正确使用共享单车。
注意: 1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：共享单车：shared bikes
参考答案及解析
第I卷
第一大题。
1-5, BDBCA 6-10, DBCDC 11-15, ADDDA 16-20, ABDBA
第二大题每小题1分。共26分。
语法填空(21---30)
Named ; would lead , after; until ; providing ; what; the; the luckiest; which; have had;
选词填空(31---40)
IACEK BGHDJ
第三大题第51至65小题，每题1分；第66至77小题，每题2分；第78至81小题，每题2分。共47分。
41．B
42．C
43．A
44．D
45．A
46．D
47．B
48．A
49．C
50．D
51．B
52．C
53．A
54．D
55．C
【解析】
试题分析：本文是一篇说明文。本文主要说明全球化促使翻译员人数激增，水平高的笔译和口译人员的工资甚至达到了六位数。
41．B考查名词。A. tourism旅游业；B. language语言；C. technology科技；D. economy经济；根据下文可知，这个行业指的是语言服务，故选B。
42．C考查动词。A. shrank收缩；B. changed 改变；C. grew增加；D. remained仍然；while然而，在此处表示转折关系，此处是说在过去10年，笔译与口译的人数翻了一番，然而他们的薪资都一直在稳步上升。故选C。
43．A考查形容词。A. bright 明亮的；B. scenic优美的；C. historic历史上的；D. tough艰难的；句意：在整个劳动市场的工资都比较低的时期，拥有五万个岗位的语言服务行业是整个劳动市场的亮点。故选A。
44．D考查名词。A. money钱；B. peer 同伴，伙伴；C. blood血；D. time时间；此处是指这个行业存在很大的风险以及时间压力。根据第一段可知选D。
45．A考查形容词。A. proper恰当的；B. quick快速的；C. direct直接的；D. innovative创新的；根据下文的例子“如果一种医疗设备的用户使用指南翻译地不好，在紧急的时候，它可能会使人陷入混乱”可知，准确恰当的笔译和口译是至关重要的。
46．D 考查名词。A. disease疾病；B. depression沮丧；C. violence；D. confusion混乱；解析同上题，故选D。
47．B考查固定短语。A. in order有序的；B. at risk处在危险中；C. under control处于控制中；D. out of state不在状态中；此处是指翻译的重要性，任何语气或者语境的改变都可能使士兵处于危险之中。选B。
48．A考查动词。A. highlight突出；B. understand理解；C. increase增加；D. resist抵制；此处是指笔译和口译对国家经济衰退的免疫力使得对能说多种语言的人的需求激增，故选A。
49．C 考查动词短语。A. set up成立；B. depend on依赖；C. specialize in专门从事；D. object to反对；此处是指如果某一领域的好的翻译员在该领域表现出色，那么他就能拿到六位数的年薪，故选C。
50． D考查形容词。A. limited to局限于；B. accustomed to习惯于；C. related to和.....有关；D. tailored to和......相符；句意：公司越来越想自己的产品信息能够被准确地被翻译成某种语言，甚至是某种语言的几种方言。故选D。
51．B考查动词短语。A. agree with同意；B. have access to使用，接近；C. be confident of相信； D. insist on坚持要求；句意：越来越多的人加入经济全球化使得贸易量增加。这使得我们对语言服务的需求也在增加。故选B。
52．C考查副词。A. instead代替；B. therefore因此；C. however然而； D. otherwise否则；上文提到对语言服务的需求在增加，下文有提到申请翻译资格不是容易的事情，所以此处表示转折，故选C。
53．A考查形容词。A. separate各自的，不同的；B. genetic遗传的，基因的；C. learnable 可习得的；D. worthwhile有价值的；此处是指除了了解这门语言以外，学习怎样翻译是另外一个不同的技能，故选A。
54．D考查名词。A. certificate证书；B. diploma文凭；C. strategy策略；D. specialty专长；根据语境可知成功的翻译者要在某一方面有专长，故选D。
55． C考查副词。A. automatically自动得；B. respectively分别得；C. actually实际上；D. immediately立刻；实际上，网上的翻译服务增加了对翻译人员的需求，故选C。
阅读理解：
A篇
56．B
57．A
58．D
59．C
【解析】试题分析：文章介绍了一种Be another lab的体验，可以让人们互换角色，这样可以一定程度上消除人们的偏见，也可以促进人与人的相互理解。
56．猜词题：根据第一段的最后的描写：She swapped with her partner, an actor, using a machine called The Machine to Be Another and temporarily became a man. "As I looked down, I saw my whole body as a man, dressed in my partner's pants," she said. "That's the picture I remember best."可知女演员和男演员互换角色，所以swapping的意思是“交换”，所以选B。
57．推理题：根据文章第三段的最后一句话：Eventually, this kind of slow synchronised（同步的）movement becomes comfortable, and participants really start to feel as though they are living in another person's body.可知从Be another lab的体验可以推断出我们的感觉和身体的经验有关，所以选A
58．细节题：根据文章第四段的句子：Studies have shown that virtual reality can be effective in fighting racism-the bias（偏见）that humans have against those who don't look or sound like them.可知在the Implicit Association test中，在参与者使用虚拟现实的眼镜控制一个深色皮肤的人物之前，他们对不像他们的人物更有偏见，选D
59．推理题：根据文章最后一段的句子："At the end of body swapping, people feel like holding each other in their arms," says Arthur Pointeau, a programmer with the project可知虚拟现实帮助促进人们之间的理解，所以选C
B篇:
60. D 61. B 62. C
C篇：
63．A
64．B
65．D
66．C
【解析】
试题分析:本文是一篇说明文，未来服装店里的试衣间的镜子可以巧妙地调整你的映像，让你看上去——并且因此感觉——更开心，从而让你喜欢你看到的东西。这就是日本东京大学的繁雄吉田和同事开发的情绪引发系统背后的理念．这个系统能够通过呈现给你一个你自己的笑脸或苦脸来操控你的情绪和个人偏好。
63．A 细节理解题。第二段指出该系统试图通过改变你看到的自己的表情来影响你的情绪和个人偏好，故选A。
64．B细节理解题。第四段指出网络摄像头的图像要让志愿者感觉他们在照镜子，即让他们相信看到的图像，而这个图像是被修改了的。由此可见这只是一种假象。 可知选B。
65．D细节理解题。根据第8段克里德指出在商店很难采用这项技术，原因在于人们的表情太过丰富。由此可见这项技术的局限性是只能处理相对简单的表情。故选D。
66．C 推理判断题。根据第九段克里德提出这项技术虽然可以让人快乐，但也可以让人产生被操控感，不安和被欺骗感。由此可见人们认为自由意志高于一切。故选C。
六选四：
FBEC
71.Summary writing
Electronic waste are increasing quickly , which contain both valuable metals and poisonous metals. The recycling process causes harm to the environment . In addition , harmful waste material is also created during production. Therefore , to reduce greenhouse gas, we should create less waste at the beginning and the responsibility of e-waste treatment should be shifted from government to produce.
第II卷
第一大题第1至3小题，每题4分；第4至5小题，每题5分。共22分。
72．It’s up to you what kind of life will lead in the future.
73． We learn English not to take exams but to develop a tool for communication
74．Despite his poor family, the boy is ambitious and dreams of getting the Nobel Prize one some
day
75．While modern society, rich in material resources, has given consumers more choice, it turns many of them into crazy shoppers.
第二大题共25分。
76.
My dear fellow students,
Recently I’ve noticed shared bikes, such as Mobike and Ofo, parked in our campus, and even own locks are put on them. Shared bikes bring people great convenience as they provide an effective solution to the “last mile” problem. Hence, shared bikes should be left in public for next users. It is morally wrong that we take possession of one for our own selfish interest. I advocate raising our awareness of using shared bikes reasonably so that everyone can benefit from this service.
Li Hua
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