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Section Ⅰ Warming Up & Reading—Comprehending
阅读理解
A
Thomas Edison was born in 1847 in Ohio.People around found little Edison very bright because he often took things apart to see how they worked.
In the early 1860s, he created his first important invention, a telegraphic (电报的) repeater that could send messages over a second line. At 21, he invented an electrical vote recorder and got his first patent(专利) for it.The next year he designed an improved stock ticker, a kind of electronic communications medium, and then set up a company to produce it. In 1874, he invented the quadruplex telegraph, a type of electrical telegraph.
Edison built his first laboratory in Menlo Park, New Jersey when he was 30 years old.They often had several projects going at once, and it wasn’t long before they started producing one invention after another, including such revolutionary inventions as the phonograph and the electric light.
The lab was successful because of Edison’s inventive talent, his strong determination, and his ability to inspire his assistants’ devotion by working so hard along with them and relaxing with them.The lab even had a pipe organ, a kind of musical instrument.After a long day of work, he would play the pipe organ while he and his assistants would sing along.The people who worked with him during those years would often say that those were the happiest days of their lives.
Edison’s goal was to create a small invention every ten days and a big invention every six months.Edison once said, “I always invented to gain money to go on inventing”， so the money wasn’t really the goal for him.The money was used to make sure that he could continue his work.
Eventually the lab at Menlo Park couldn’t contain all of the work that he wanted to do, so Edison built a new laboratory complex in West Orange, New Jersey.Then he could undertake more projects with greater resources than had ever been possible before.
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【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了爱迪生的部分发明成果及实验室。
1．What’s the RIGHT time order for Edison’s inventions mentioned in this passage?
A．A telegraphic repeater—a phonograph—an electrical vote recorder.
B．An electrical vote recorder—a phonograph—a quadruplex telegraph.
C．A quadruplex telegraph—an electrical vote recorder—a phonograph.
D．A telegraphic repeater—an electrical vote recorder—a quadruplex telegraph.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的In the early 1860s, he created his first important invention...got his first patent(专利) for it.及In 1874, he invented the quadruplex telegraph, a type of electrical telegraph.可知，a telegraphic repeater是在19世纪60年代早期发明的，an electrical vote recorder是1868年发明的，a quadruplex telegraph是1874年发明的，故可推出时间顺序。
2．Edison set up a company at 22 to________.
A．sell his unique artwork
B．sell experimental materials
C．produce an electrical vote recorder
D．produce an improved stock ticker
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的At 21, he invented an electrical vote recorder and got his first...and then set up a company to produce it.可知，爱迪生成立公司是为了生产一种改进的stock ticker。
3．What did Edison use the money from his inventions for?
A．Helping the poor.
B．Traveling to Europe.
C．Building many schools.
D．Continuing his invention work.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段的Edison once said, “I always invented to gain money to go on inventing”， so the money wasn’t really the goal for him.The money was used to make sure that he could continue his work.可知，Edison靠发明赚钱只是为了维持其发明工作。
4．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Edison was a talented and determined person.
B．Edison got his first patent because of the electric light.
C．Edison’s first laboratory was in West Orange, New Jersey.
D．Edison showed no interest in inventing things in his childhood.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据全文内容尤其是第四段的The lab was successful because of
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Edison’s inventive talent, his strong determination...可推断，爱迪生是一个有才能并且很坚定的人。
B
Tea is the second most popular drink in the world after water.There are different kinds of tea including green tea and black tea.A cup of tea has become a part of our daily lives and our culture.Earlier, tea used to be made in large pots.Hot water was poured over a bunch of tea leaves even to make a single cup.It is believed that this led to waste of tea and that is where the story of the teabag comes in.
It is more convenient and easier to use a teabag than to brew(沏) fresh tea leaves every time you want to make a cup of tea.With the help of teabags, tea was made available in places like offices and airplanes.In order to make tea taste good, you need to remove the dried leaves after brewing.With teabags, you can brew a great cup of tea without a tea strainer.
“Who invented the teabag？”has been a question for a very long time.There are some interesting stories about this question, but the most popular one is of a New York tea businessman, Thomas Sullivan.In 1908, he sent samples of tea to his customers in small silk bags.A few of his customers thought that these bags were to be dipped(浸) in water to brew tea and so they did not empty out the tea.Sullivan did not realize this till the time he started receiving complaints from customers about the orders not being sent in bags.Then he started producing teabags and because of silk being too expensive he later used gauze(纱布)．
The popular Sullivan story lacks evidence.Whatever the truth may be, we will be ever so thankful to whoever came up with this wonderful product.Teabags have managed to make our lives so much easier.By the 1920s, teabags had successfully become the new way of drinking.It brought about a great change in our habit of drinking tea.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了茶包的发明过程。
5．What can we learn from Paragraph 1?
A．It is a waste of time to brew tea in pots.
B．The teabag was produced to replace traditional tea.
C．Tea is second only to water as a popular drink.
D．Green tea and black tea are most popular among all kinds of tea.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的Tea is the second most popular drink in the world
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after water.可知，茶是世界上仅次于水的第二大饮料。
6．What advantage does the teabag have according to Paragraph 2?
A．It is easier to use.
B．It saves more space.
C．It makes the tea taste better.
D．It provides more choices for people.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，茶包的主要特点是方便人们使用。
7．What can we learn about Thomas Sullivan from the passage?
A．He was a popular tea businessman in England.
B．He taught his customers to use teabags.
C．He used silk to make teabags at first.
D．He liked drinking tea very much.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的In 1908, he sent samples of tea to his customers in small silk bags.可知，一开始他使用丝绸制作茶包。
8．What does the author mean by the underlined part in the last paragraph?
A．The story has not been proven to be true.
B．The story cannot explain all the truth.
C．The story is hardly accepted by experts.
D．The story provides evidence of the teabag’s history.
A 解析：句意理解题。根据画线句后面的Whatever the truth may be, we will be ever so thankful to whoever came up with this wonderful product.可知，茶包由Thomas Sullivan发明的这个故事版本还没有得到证实。
完形填空
The Great Depression started in 1929 and lasted until about 1939.During that time, many people lost their__1__．My parents were __2__ them.It was 1935 when I was 10 years old.We still __3__ on relief(救济)．
A few days before Christmas, I was washing the __4__ after dinner when I looked out of a kitchen window and saw my father sitting on the stoop(门廊), wearing a(n) __5__ face.A mailman saw him and asked him what was wrong.
I heard my father say that he had __6__ his food vouchers(票券) and that the __7__ had gone beyond the time limit.He had tried to work as a laborer through the Works Progress Administration, but he __8__ because he wasn’t a very __9__ man.The work was too hard for him.I was __10__， having seen newspaper pictures of people being __11__ out of the apartments with all their belongings.“How much do you need？”
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the mailman asked __12__．My dad said he needed $33 for the rent.Without thinking twice, the mailman took out $50 from his wallet and __13__ it to my father.My dad said, “I don’t know when I’ll be able to pay you back.” The mailman put an arm around my father and __14__ him by saying, “Things will not be this way __15__．It doesn’t matter __16__ you will pay me back.”
The mailman __17__ me looking through the window and said, “There will be times in the future when someone __18__ your help.I hope you and your son __19__ today.Help them in your own __20__ and tell them what happened today.This will be my payback.Merry Christmas！”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。美国大萧条时期，作者一家靠救济生活。有一天，父亲正在发愁时，一位邮递员无私的资助使他们得以摆脱困境。
1．A.skills B．jobs
C．families D．houses
B 解析：根据上文的The Great Depression started in 1929 and lasted until about 1939.During that time, many people lost their...可知，经济大萧条时期很多人失去了“工作”。
2．A.for B．against
C．among D．between
C 解析：根据语境可知，作者的父母也在失业大军“当中”。
3．A.lived B．decided
C．researched D．worked
A 解析：根据语境可知，作者一家靠救济“生活”。
4．A.shoes B．dishes
C．socks D．feet
B 解析：根据下文的after dinner以及kitchen可知，作者晚饭后正在厨房洗“碗碟”。
5．A.angry B．curious
C．confused D．anxious
D 解析：根据下文的A mailman saw him and asked him what was wrong.可知，父亲脸色应该是“忧虑的”。
6．A.given out B．used up
C．carried away D．searched for
B 解析：根据上下文对一家人生活状况的描述可知，父亲告诉邮递员他的食物票券已经“用完”了。
7．A.report B．homework
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C．rent D．check
C 解析：根据下文的My dad said he needed $33 for the rent.可知，这里指“房租”逾期。
8．A.agreed B．failed
C．promised D．regretted
B 解析：根据上文的He had tried to work as a laborer through the Works Progress Administration, but he...可知，父亲尝试通过这个组织找苦力活，可是他“失败”了。
9．A.strong B．clever
C．helpful D．creative
A 解析：根据上文的as a laborer以及下文的The work was too hard for him.可知，因为父亲不是一个非常“强壮的”人。
10．A.scared B．puzzled
C．lonely D．surprised
A 解析：根据下文的...having seen newspaper pictures of people being...out of the apartments with all their belongings.可知，作者想象自己一家也会像报纸上描写的一样被赶出来，所以很“害怕”那种情况的发生。
11．A.taken B．figured
C．picked D．kicked
D 解析：根据下文的...out of the apartments with all their belongings.可知，没钱付租金很可能就会被“赶”出住所。kick sb.out of a place意为“将某人赶出某地”。
12．A.softly B．impatiently
C．excitedly D．slyly
A 解析：根据语境可知，那位邮递员“温和地”问：“你需要多少钱？”
13．A.returned B．pointed
C．showed D．handed
D 解析：根据语境可知，那位邮递员毫不犹豫地从钱包里拿出50美元并将钱“递”给父亲。
14．A.punished B．questioned
C．criticized D．encouraged
D 解析：根据下文邮递员所说的话可知，那位邮递员搂着父亲并“鼓励”他。
15．A.soon B．forever
C．completely D．finally
B 解析：根据语境可知，眼前的艰难状况不会“永远”延续下去的。
16．A.how B．whether
C．unless D．until
B 解析：根据语境可知，
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那位邮递员说：“你还不还钱都没关系。”这里是whether引导的主语从句。
17．A.stopped B．kept
C．noticed D．suggested
C 解析：根据语境可知，那位邮递员“注意到”我一直从窗口看着他们。
18．A.refuses B．supports
C．expects D．receives
C 解析：根据语境可知，将来会有一天别人也“期待”你的帮助。
19．A.remember B．miss
C．share D．record
A 解析：根据语境可知，我希望你和你儿子“记得”今天。
20．A.mind B．interest
C．time D．way
D 解析：根据语境可知，用你们自己的“方式”帮助他们并告诉他们今天发生的一切，就相当于还了这笔钱了。
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