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Section Ⅱ Warming Up & Reading—Language Points
品句填词
1．I thought it was really mean of him not to let Jane use his car.
2．All people are equal, having the same rights as each other.
3．She left a lot of money in her will to found a school.
4．Don’t worry about the baby not wanting to leave you—it’s a stage they all go through.
5．You may wish to get legal(法律的) advice before solving the problem.
6．Professor Li always encourages students to take a(n) active(积极的) part in discussions.
7．He is popular with his friends because he is always willing(愿意的) to help them when they are in trouble.
8．Bill is a generous(慷慨的) person, who has given millions of dollars to help those people in the disasterhit area.
9．He said that he would devote(致力于) all his life to educating children.
10．Great people have lots of good qualities(品德), such as honesty, selflessness and independence.
11．We must follow the principle(原则) that education should be fair to everyone.
12．It does serious harm to children’s character that too much violence(暴力) is shown on television.
13．In the past, the black people in the USA had no right to vote(选举)．
14．It is hopeful(有希望的) that we can finish the task ahead of schedule.
15．A lawyer(律师) is a person who can give others guidance about legal problems.
单句改错
1．Over one in four unemployed people have now been out of the work for over a year.去掉the
2．A worker was killed when his car blows up.blows→blew
3．We first broke the law in a way in which was peaceful.去掉第二个in
4．The school that I studied for only two years was three kilometres away.that→where
5．The old man was kind to me, to which I was grateful.第二个to→for
6．You should do as you are told or you will in trouble.在will后加be
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课文语法填空
Elias was born in 1940 and had little education because his family was poor. He first met Mandela in 1952 when he was 1.a poor black worker in a gold mine in South Africa.Mandela helped him get the correct papers, which allowed him to stay in Johannesburg. Elias was grateful 2.to Mandela. When Mandela 3.organized(organize) the ANC Youth League, he joined it as soon as possible.
As Mandela once said, black people had reached a stage 4.where they had almost no rights at all.They couldn’t vote or choose their 5.leaders(lead)．They lived in the poorest parts of South Africa. Black people first broke the law in a 6.peaceful(peace) way, but it was useless. As a result, Mandela called on black people 7.to fight(fight) for their equal rights and answer violence with violence.
8.Actually(actual), Elias didn’t like violence. But in 1963, he helped Mandela blow up some government buildings. Although Elias was 9.frightened(frighten) to be caught and put in prison, he was happy to help because he knew it would help them achieve their dream of 10.making(make) black people and white people equal.
单句语法填空
1．Mr Zhang asked us to be well prepared before attending the class and take an active(act) part in discussions.
2．People in that village are hopeful(hope) about getting through this long winter though their food is running out.
3．Mary is so selfish(self) that few of us are willing to make friends with her.
4．Devoted(devote) to the cause of education, she didn’t get married in her whole life.
5．Our goal is to create a peaceful(peace) community with shared future for mankind.
6．I was looking forward to working under her expert guidance(guide)．
7．Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be equally(equal) respected.
8．Founded(found) in last century, the church has a history of about 90 years.
9．Our hometown has seen(see) a lot of changes in recent years.
10．I have reached a point in my life where I am supposed to make decisions of my own.
阅读理解
A
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Although I had wanted to quit smoking, I never made up my mind until New Year’s Day last year. I was having a terrible headache. I knew it was time to quit.
Searching for methods to quit smoking on the Internet is like searching for weight loss tips—there are thousands of different ways that are said to be the best, but not all are right for you.One approach that did draw my interest was apps.Along with cigarettes(烟), my phone was the only other thing I couldn’t leave my apartment without.
There are hundreds of apps for quitting smoking.I downloaded an app called QuitIt because it was said to be good. It was free and didn’t cost much time as some others. You input the amount of cigarettes you smoke, the cost per pack and the time you decide to quit smoking. The app does the maths and then gives you information based on the information given by you. It tracks the amount of time since you decided to quit, the money you’ve saved, and the danger you’ve avoided. The app also includes a number of health goals.
Quitting smoking was one of the hardest things I’ve ever had to do. Like most stories of quitting, I did get a little sick and I felt terrible, but the most difficult part was the empty feeling I was left with.Any time I felt like a cigarette, I would open the app and track the progress I had made.If I wanted to smoke while I was on the computer, I’d immediately go to stopsmoking to read a success story, or to offer support to someone else having a harder time than me.
I quit smoking 1 year 2 months and 27 days ago.I did not smoke 6, 771 cigarettes and saved $4, 062.84.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者想要戒烟，后来利用一个手机应用软件成功地戒了烟。
1．What did the author realize when suffering the terrible headache?
A．He should turn to an app.
B．He should go to see a doctor.
C．It was time to make a new plan.
D．It was about time that he quit smoking.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段Although I had wanted to quit smoking, I never made up my mind until New Year’s Day last year. I was having a terrible headache. I knew it was time to quit.可知，作者意识到是时候戒烟了。
2．What does the underlined word “approach” in Paragraph 2 mean?
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A．Method. B．Result.
C．Place. D．Suggestion.
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段的Searching for methods to quit smoking可知，这里是指一种利用app戒烟的“方法”。
3．It’s implied in Paragraph 4 that QuitIt________.
A．played a big role in the author’s quitting smoking
B．made the author’s time much harder
C．was questioned by many people
D．could be used on the computer
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的Like most stories of quitting, I did get a little sick...Any time I felt like a cigarette, I would open the app and track the progress I had made.可知，这个app在作者的戒烟过程中起着很重要的作用。
4．What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A．To show us the harm of smoking.
B．To encourage readers to use an app.
C．To explain why he chose to quit smoking.
D．To tell us how he managed to quit smoking.
D 解析：写作意图题。根据文章内容可知，作者主要讲述的是自己是如何成功戒烟的。
B
Nelson Mandela was a figure(人物) of international fame, and many details of his life and career were public knowledge. But here are some things you may not have known about him.
In his youth, Mandela enjoyed boxing. Even during the 27 years he spent in prison, he would exercise every morning. “I did not enjoy the violence of boxing so much as the science of it. Boxing is equal. I never did any real fighting after I entered politics. My main interest was in training，” he wrote in his autobiography Long Walk to Freedom. In the Mandela Family Museum, visitors can find the world championship belt given to Mandela by American boxer Sugar Ray Leonard.
When Mandela was nine years old, a teacher at his primary school gave him an English name “Nelson”， which is a custom to give all school children Christian names. Rolihlahla is his original name but it’s not a common name in South Africa. It means “troublemaker”. In South Africa, Mr Mandela was often called by his clan(宗族) name “Madiba”， which South Africans used out of respect.
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A fake passport in the name of David Motsamayi was used by Mr Mandela. He had changed his appearance and pretended(假装) to be a driver, a gardener and a chef in order to travel around the country unnoticed by the authorities.
Mr Mandela studied law on and off for 50 years from 1939, failing about half the courses he took. In August 1952, he and Oliver Tambo set up South Africa’s first black law firm in Johannesburg. He persevered(坚持不懈) to finally get a law degree while in prison in 1989.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇人物传记。曼德拉是一位国际知名人物，他的生活和事业的许多细节都为公众所知。但本文讲了他一些鲜为人知的事情：他是个拳击迷，还有一个法律公司。
5．Nelson Mandela became a boxing fan because________.
A．he enjoyed the violence of boxing
B．he wanted to take the championship
C．he desired to enjoy the training
D．he hoped to find a better job
C 解析：细节理解题。由第二段中的I did not enjoy the violence of boxing so much as the science of it. Boxing is equal. I never did any real fighting after I entered politics. My main interest was in training可知，他因为渴望得到训练才迷恋上拳击的。故选C项。
6．Which of the following is TRUE about Mandela’s name?
A．His original name was not Nelson.
B．His parents gave him the name “Nelson”．
C．Rolihlahla is a popular name in South Africa.
D．Madiba was his Christian name.
A 解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的When Mandela was nine years old, a teacher at his primary school gave him an English name “Nelson”， which is a custom to give all school children Christian names. Rolihlahla is his original name可知，他的原名并不是Nelson。故选A项。
7.The underlined word “fake” in the fourth paragraph probably means “________”．
A．not clear B．not real
C．not accessible D．not available
B 解析：词义猜测题。由第四段的He had changed his appearance and pretended(假装) to be a driver, a gardener and a chef in order to travel around the country unnoticed
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by the authorities.可知，他的名字及外表都进行了改变，所以护照是假的。故选B项。
8．From the last paragraph, we can infer that________.
A．it took Mr Mandela over fifty years to get a law degree
B．black people are not allowed to set up law firms
C．one can’t get a law degree if he/she has been put into prison
D．Mr Mandela was a determined person
D 解析：推理判断题。由最后一段内容可知，他花了50年的时间学习法律，并坚持不懈地去争取获得学位。由此可知他是一个意志很坚定的人。故选D项。
七选五
Memorizing an essay is a great way to pass tests and increase your overall knowledge. 1.____
Here are some techniques to help you memorize an essay easily.
2．________Start early when you need to memorize something.Give yourself one day for every paragraph or page. Master one section each day. Once you have memorized two sections separately, try putting them together.Then you will find memorizing the whole essay is not so hard.
Read the essay out loud to start learning it. Reading the essay out loud is important because it forces you to read and speak every single word in the essay.3.________
Test yourself after reading. After you have studied the text for a while, put it down, and recite(背诵) as much as you can from memory. At first, you may not remember much, but every time you practise, you will recall more and more. 4.________If you miss a word or forget a line, he can prompt(提示) you by telling you the next word or two.
Start from the end if going from the beginning is not working.5.______Begin by memorizing the last sentence or paragraph, and then move back to the sentence or paragraph right before that one.
A．Memorize a little bit each day.
B．This will help you remember it.
C．Try writing out the essay once or twice.
D．Sometimes you may find it easier to start from the end.
E．However, many students find it difficult to memorize an essay.
F．In addition, find a partner to test you on what you’ve memorized.
G．Memorizing something in one session is not the most effective way to learn it.
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【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了如何背诵一篇文章。
1．E 解析：此空设于段尾，与前一句形成逻辑上的转折关系。本空前一句介绍了背诵文章的重要性，而下文提到了几个背诵文章的技巧，故此处需要一个承上启下的句子。此句意为：然而，很多学生发现背诵一篇文章很难。
2．A 解析：此空设于段首，是本段的主题句。本段主要是讲将文章分为几部分，然后每天背诵一部分，后文都是围绕此句展开说明的。
3．B 解析：此空设于段尾，是本段的总结句。本段主要是讲大声朗读文章，且空前提出了大声朗读文章的原因，此句进一步总结大声朗读文章的作用。
4．F 解析：此空设于段中，与后一句存在逻辑上的指代关系。后文中的he指代的是本句中的partner。
5．D 解析：此空设于段中，与前一句存在逻辑上的解释关系。前一句说如果从开头背诵不起作用的话就从结尾开始，此句进一步解释，有时候你会发现从结尾背诵更容易。
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