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Unit 3 Sports and fitness
Reading for Writing
1、There are plenty of reasons why people shouldn't _____(欺骗).
2、If the _____(观众) can’t trust you, you will not be able to persuade them.
3、It's important to learn to take a ______(积极的) attitude to life when you are in trouble.
4、______(决心) is a kind of quality and that is what it takes to do anything well.
5、Many young people like to _______(慢跑) in the park on weekends.
6、The climate here is similar to that in the USA, so there is no need for you to (担忧）it.
7、They have in their mind a picture of what a drunken man should (看上去像）.
8、_________ ________ ________(与...有共同之处）many countries, Britain has serious environmental problems.
9、Friends (起重要的作用）our lives， although we may take friendship for granted.
10、I have made up my mind to study harder (而不是)waste my time on useless things.
11、 Did you know that the color of uniforms(制服)can influence the performance of an athlete? It may sound strange, but a study suggests this might be true.
Two British scientists studied the results of four spots in the 2004 Athens Olympic Games where the athletes had been given either a red or a blue uniform. They discovered that when there was a big difference in the score, color had no influence on the result . But if it was a close match, the athlete in a red uniform was more likely to win. Then they looked at the uniforms of the soccer teams at the Euro 2004 tournament. Again, teams wearing red won more games.
The two scientists got their idea from earlier studies of wild animals. It had been discovered that when a male(雄性)shows red on its body, it sends a
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signal(信号)of its power and strength. For example, in many kinds of monkey, the more the male shows off its red scars(伤疤),the more females it can attract.
Based on this fact, the British scientists thought that the idea might work for humans, too. According to them, when an athlete sees a competitor in a red uniform, he gets a feeling that his competitor could be stronger than him. And that kind of feeling may have a bad influence on the player’s performance in the actual game.
Although the idea is interesting, most people don’t accept that color signals in the animal world can really be useful to humans in sports. They think that it is unreasonable to develop an idea based on such a small number of examples. Much more research has to be done to prove the influence of uniform colors on the performance of athletes.
1.What did the scientists find out about the 2004 Athens Olympic Games?
A.Athletes played equally well in four sports.
B.Game results had a big influence on the athletes.
C.Athletes dressed in red scored more in a close match.
D.There was a big difference in red and blue team's scores.
2.What may the red scars of a male animal suggest?
A.It is quite strong.
B.It is a failure.
C.It has power over other males.
D.It has attracted a lot of females.
3.The underlined part “that kind of feeling” in Paragraph 4refers to a feeling of _____.
A.weakness
B.pride
C.danger
D.shame
4.What is most people’s opinion on the scientists’ idea?
A.Interested.
B.Satisfied.
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C.Doubtful.
D.Thankful.
12、That China will not play in the Football World Cup has not prevented Chinese soccer fans from taking part in the exhilaration of the sports gala in Russia. Reports say Chinese fans have bought over 40, 000 tickets, more than Spanish and English fans. They have also booked 16 percent of the hotel rooms in the host cities in Russia. Except for actually playing, China will take part in almost every other aspect of the World Cup. Chinese companies have made the balls to be used in the World Cup and the official mascot Zabivaka. And the air-conditioning system in the newly built Mordovia Stadium in Saransk has been provided by Chinese companies as well. Fans can also get World Cup special coins that are made in Nanjing.
“It is no secret that China has a key role in our plan to develop football around the globe. It must play，” said FIFA secretary-general Fatma Samoura during her visit to Beijing last year. FIFA has set a target of making 60 percent of the world’s population take part in soccer by 2026. And China, thanks to its huge population, will play an important role in realizing that goal. Although China is ranked between 80 to 90 in the world soccer standing, it has more than 200 million soccer fans. Moreover, ten Chinese super league players are making Chinese fans proud by shouldering national duty for their countries in the World Cup.
China has almost all the conditions needed for the healthy development of soccer. Hopefully, the World Cup will encourage the decision-makers to focus on ordinary people to develop the sport. In the 1950s, the government at various levels built a large number of ping-pong tables in urban residential communities, which attracted a large number of people to play ping-pong. The result is that China remains the best in the sport. But even in Beijing, where public sports facilities are the most developed in the country, children find it hard to get a chance to play in the limited number of soccer fields. If the government wants to raise the level of soccer in China, they should first improve the soccer facilities in the country.
1. Which of the following can best explain the underlined word?
A. Disappointment. B. Thrill.
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C. Embarrassment. D. Regret.
2. What can we infer from the second paragraph?
A. China will contribute a lot to the development of football.
B. Chinese football fans are the most influential in the world.
C. China’s football teams will improve greatly by 2026.
D. China’s Super League will attract the best football players in the world.
3. Why is ping-pong mentioned in the last paragraph?
A. To show how well the Chinese can play ping-pong.
B. To set an example of how to develop a sport among ordinary people.
C. To attract more people to play ping-pong.
D. To indicate that soccer is less popular than ping-pong.
4. From which is the text probably taken?
A. An advertisement. B. A daily newspaper.
C. A research paper. D. A travel guidebook.
13、Until last year, I was trying to look like the slim girls on TV even though I knew that it was ①_______ (possible). I worried about my ②_______ (weigh) and tried every new diet I read about online. I tried no-fat, low-fat, 5: 2, only bananas, no bananas —I almost went bananas, too.
Then I read ③_______ article that said instead of asking “Am I fat?” I should be asking “Am I fit?” I had no idea a letter could make such a difference! Once I started thinking about ④______ (fit) rather than weight, things began to change. Instead of saying “I want to lose three kilos’’, I would say “I want to run two kilometres in eight minutes” or “I want to be able to do 30 ⑤______ (push-up)”. Rather than cutting out the foods I enjoyed, I ⑥______ (add) healthy foods to my meals. I could still have a burger now and then, ⑦________ I would add a salad or an apple.
Finally, I stopped comparing myself with ⑧________ (actress) and models and looking for things that were wrong with my face or body. Instead, I made a list
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of the things I liked about myself. ⑨_______ being positive about myself and my body, I became both happier and ⑩______ (healthy).
14、假设你叫李华,是一家英文杂志社的心理咨询师。 某中学生小王给你写信,提到自己偏胖,想节食减肥,征求你的意见。请你给她回一封信,谈谈你对该问题的见解。内容要点如下:
1.健康比漂亮更重要;
2.学生要以学习为主,不要过于注重外貌和在意别人的看法;
3.可通过多锻炼保持健康,还要改变不良的饮食习惯;
4.健康的心态也很重要。
注意:
1.短文必须包含所有的内容要点,可适当发挥;
2.词数100个左右(信的格式和开头已给出,不计入总词数)。
参考词汇:心态state of mind
Dear Xiao Wang,
I have received and read your letter, in which you mentioned that you wanted to lose weight by dieting. ________________________
_______________________________
________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
答案以及解析
1答案及解析：
答案：cheat
解析：
2答案及解析：
答案：audience
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解析：
3答案及解析：
答案：positive
解析：
4答案及解析：
答案：Determination
解析：
5答案及解析：
答案：jog
解析：
6答案及解析：
答案：worry about
解析：
7答案及解析：
答案：look like
解析：
8答案及解析：
答案：In common with
解析：
9答案及解析：
答案：play an important part in
解析：
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10答案及解析：
答案：rather than
解析：
11答案及解析：
答案：1.C; 2.A; 3.A; 4.C
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段的后三句内容可知,科学家发现在势均力敌的比赛中穿红色运动服的运动员会得分更多。
2.推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知,当一个雄性展现身上的红色时,这释放出它拥有力量以及权力的信号。而在许多种猴子中,雄性猴子越是炫耀它的红色伤疤,它越能吸引更多的母猴子由此推断红色的伤疤显示了雄性的力量。
3.推理判断题根据第四段内容可知,当运动员看到穿红色运动服的竞争对手时,他觉得他的竞争对手可能会比他强这种感觉可能会在真正的比赛中对该运动员造成不良的影响。
4.推理判断题根据末段内容可知,大多数人不能接受科学家的这个看法,认为基于这样少的例子得出的结论是不合理的,还必须做更多的研究来证明颜色影响运动员的表现由此推断人们对这个想法是持怀疑态度的。
12答案及解析：
答案：1.B 2.A 3.B 4.B
解析：1. B 猜测词义题。画线词所在句 “That China will not play in the Football World Cup has not prevented Chinese soccer fans from taking part in the exhilaration of the sports gala in Russia.” 告诉我们，中国 队没有参加俄罗斯世界杯并没有妨碍中国球迷参加这次令人兴奋的体育盛会。句中的exhilaration意为“thrill (激动）”。
2. A推理判断题。根据第二段第一句中的“It is no secret that China has a key role in our plan to develop football around the globe. It must play.”可知，中国在推广足球方面将会起到巨大的作用，故A项 正确。
3. B推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“Hopefully，the World Cup will encourage the decision-makers to focus on ordinary people to develop the sport.”可知，作者建议中国的政策制定者能够鼓励普通人参与 到足球推广运动中来。接着用了乒乓球在中国普通人中流行的例 子来告诉我们如何在中国推广一项运动，故B项正确。
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4. B推理判断题。本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了中国元素在俄罗斯 世界杯上大放异彩，中国球迷以及中国企业深度参与了这届世界 杯。所以本文最可能是从报纸上摘录而来的。
13答案及解析：
答案：1. impossible 2. weight 3. an 4. fitness 5. push-ups 6. added 7. but 8. actresses 9. By 10. healthier
解析：
14答案及解析：
答案：
Dear Xiao Wang,
I have received and read your letter, in which you mentioned that you wanted to lose weight by dieting.
It is only natural that young girls of your age hope to look beautiful. However, in my opinion, health is more important than beauty. For a student, studying is the first thing to consider while appearance is the second. So do not let others' opinions affect your normal life. However, if you do want to lose weight, it is a good idea to do it by getting more exercise and changing unhealthy eating habits. The most important thing is that you keep a healthy state of mind, as it will help with your studies, and will also help you overcome difficulties in dieting.
I hope my advice will be helpful to you and I’m looking forward to your next letter.
Yours,
Li Hua
解析：
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