专题限时集训(四) 推理判断之推测隐含信息
A (2019·昆明市诊断测试)
The world can be a scary place when you're young.It can be even scarier when
you're a young little blue penguin(企鹅)，the tiniest of the penguin species.Luckily，
there are some humans willing to help.They stepped in to protect Billy，a blue penguin
that appeared on a beach in Christchurch，New Zealand.
Spotted on November 29 at the slipway at Moncks Bay ， near Sumner ， in
Christchurch，the little penguin immediately attracted a small crowd.Jeff Mein Smith
saw the crowd while he was bicycling that afternoon，and he biked home to get his
camera.When he returned to the scene，he found that the penguin had received a little
sign，one that read“Hi，I'm waiting for my mum to come back.DOC(Department of
Conservation) knows I'm here.Please leave me alone.Keep your dog away.Thanks，Billy
the baby blue penguin.”
Billy didn't move away from the sign.The DOC arrived later that afternoon to pick
up Billy，though they were surprised to see it on the beach.“It's unusual for a blue
penguin to be out in the open on the beach during the day，”Anita Spencer，a DOC
senior ranger，told Stuff.
Billy was taken to the Christchurch Penguin Rehabilitation Center after being
retrieved from the beach.Volunteers believe the bird may actually be a female penguin，
and is around 2 months old.The chick weighs a mere 550 grams，less than a standard
basketball.A blue penguin should weigh around 900 grams at this age.Most little
penguins grow up to weigh 1 kilogram.
The center will help the little penguin gain some weight by feeding it fish juice，
before it's set free into the ocean.
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述了一只小蓝企鹅在人们的帮助下最终得救的故
事。
1．Why can the world be frightening to a young penguin?
A．It is a rare species.
B．It faces potential danger.
C．It is surrounded by the crowd.D．It is threatened by dogs.
B [考查推理判断。 根据第二段的内容，尤其是 Please leave me alone. Keep
your dog away 可知，当时有人在那只小蓝企鹅旁边竖立了一个牌子警示人们不要
打扰它，不要让狗靠近它。由此可推知，对于那只小蓝企鹅来讲，这个世界是可
怕的，因为它面临着一些潜在的危险。故 B 项正确。]
2．It can be inferred from the text that Billy ．
A．is a female penguin
B．has expressed its thanks
C．weighs less for its age
D．prefers living on the beach
C [考查推理判断。根据第四段中第三、四句可知，这只小蓝企鹅体重只有 550
克，而处于它这个年龄的小蓝企鹅的体重应达到 900 克左右。由此可推知，这只
小蓝企鹅的体重低于它这个年龄的小蓝企鹅的体重。故 C 项正确。]
3 ． Which of the following can replace the underlined word “retrieved” in
Paragraph 4?
A．Ignored. B．Cured.
C．Given away. D．Brought back.
D [考查词义猜测。根据第四段第一句可知，这只小蓝企鹅是从沙滩上被带
到克赖斯特彻奇的一个企鹅康复中心的。由此可推知，画线词与 brought back“带
回”意思相近。故 D 项正确。]
4．What will happen to Billy in the center?
A．It will be reported to Stuff.
B．It will be visited by the locals.
C．It will be taken good care of.
D．It will be fed with fruit juice.
C [考查推理判断。根据最后一段内容可知，在这只小蓝企鹅被放回海洋之
前，康复中心会帮助它增加一些体重。由此可推知，在这个企鹅康复中心，这只
小蓝企鹅会得到很好的照顾。故 C 项正确。]
B (2019·安徽省五校联盟质检)
While an entire month free of homework or tests may sound too good to be true，that is exactly what the students at Sturenskolan School in Boden，Sweden were treated
to in April.What's more ，if the results of the experiment prove encouraging ，starting
2019，the middle schoolers will never have to worry about afterschool work or tests，
aside from the national examinations ， which are compulsive for students across the
country.
The school's principal，Petronella Sirkka，who came up with the idea，said，“We
are constantly receiving new reports that our children feel bad.And that's because they
have a high level of stress all the time.This is our way of trying to reduce that stress.”
The educator says that while banning homework and tests sounds radical(激进的)，
it makes sense given the changes in the curriculum and approaches to education.While
in the past students were primarily subjected to memorizing facts，learning today is all
about reflection and analysis.As a result，it is often harder for kids，especially those with
little support at home，to comprehend the material by themselves.
Sirkka is not the only one who believes afterschool work does not help students
learn.In March 2018 ， another principal in Canada also decided to do away with
homework.They hope parents will spend the extra time reading to their kids.
While the long term impact of the recent decisions made by the two educators
remains to be seen，the experiment has already proved successful in Finland which has
done away with homework，grades，and even teaching by subjects for many years.Yet，
Finnish students always rank high in the PISA(Programme for International Student
Assessment) tests especially in math and science but they have the least homework！
Hopefully，it will only be a matter of time before US educators follow their lead and ban
afterschool work as well!
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。瑞典一所学校在四月份取消了学生的家
庭作业和考试，这是该校校长 Petronella Sirkka 看到学生作业负担太重而提出的举
措，且芬兰采取的类似做法已获成功。
5 ． The students at Sturenskolan School had no homework in April
because ．
A．the headmaster was experimenting with her idea
B．they needed to do some experiments during the monthC．they were busy preparing for the national examinations
D．the headmaster had to carry out the government's policy
A [考查细节理解。根据第二段第一句中的 The school's principal, Petronella
Sirkka, who came up with the idea，并结合第一段的内容可知，Sturenskolan 学校的
学生们在四月份没有家庭作业和考试是该校校长提出的想法，故 A 项正确。]
6．What makes children's learning hard nowadays?
A．Children have to do more analyzing.
B．The approach to education is complex.
C．Children get no support at home and school.
D．There are many more facts to memorize.
A [考查细节理解。根据第三段第二、三句可知，在过去，学生主要是被要
求记住事实，而如今学生需要的是反思和分析。因此，孩子们往往很难自己理解
这些材料。据此可知，反思和分析让孩子们的学习更加困难。故 A 项正确。]
7．What does Petronella Sirkka most likely advise parents to do?
A．Help children with their homework.
B．Free children from afterschool housework.
C．Spend more time reading to their children.
D．Communicate with teachers from time to time.
C [考查推理判断。根据第四段尾句可推知，Petronella Sirkka 很可能会建议
父母花些时间为他们的孩子们阅读，故 C 项正确。]
8．What can we infer about the students in Finland?
A．They study the hardest at school.
B．They have a more relaxing school life.
C．They enjoy great success after graduation.
D．They all have a talent for math and science.
B [考查推理判断。根据尾段第一句中的主句可知，多年来，芬兰已经取消
了家庭作业、成绩等级，甚至科目教学。据此可推知，芬兰学生的学校生活更加
轻松，故 B 项正确。 ]
C (2019·湖南省六校联考)
Not only does the use of plastic water bottles hurt your wallet，it also increases pollution and wastes energy and water.Only 23% of all plastic in America ends up in a
recycling bin ， meaning over $1 billion worth of plastic is treated as rubbish a
year.Recently，Skipping Rocks Lab has invented a kind of water bottle called Ooho.
It is a convenient，clear water bottle that can either be drunk or eaten.To drink it，
you can either peel off the membrane(薄膜) or tear a hole in the membrane with your
teeth to pour the water into your mouth.To eat it，you simply put the whole bottle in
your mouth.One problem the scientists have run into is how to ship lots of Ooho
bubbles without arriving with a very wet truck.However ， they have attempted to
package units of individual bubbles together inside a larger and thicker membrane.It is
targeting large outdoor events such as marathons，music festivals，and sporting events，
where tons of plastic bottles are used，and frequently left behind as litter.And too much
plastic is sure to do harm to the environment，which could account for their purpose of
such a new invention.
The team has been working for the past two years to develop the technology and
materials needed to produce Ooho；they have recently applied for a patent for their new
advancement.The price for an individual bubble or a unit of bubbles has not been set yet，
but they cost about two cents to create a unit，which is cheaper than plastic bottles.It has
appeared at events in London，San Francisco，Boston，at conferences，festivals，and
so on.
Ooho is catching many people's attention and has raised over $ 1 million and
gained 1 ， 000 investors in only three days.It is mostly being sold at events at the
moment to keep the consumer's interest when the production machine is running.It is
quickly making a rise，so keep an eye out this year for these bottles of the future.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。由于塑料瓶的使用不但浪费金钱，还造
成环境污染，Skipping Rocks Lab 发明了一种可以食用的包装材料 Ooho。本文介绍
了 Ooho 的食用方法，运输方法以及制作成本，并展望了其市场前景。
9．How is most plastic dealt with in America?
A．It's sold. B．It's recycled.
C．It's buried. D．It's wasted.
D [考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句可知，在美国只有 23%的塑料最终回
到回收站，这意味着价值超过 10 亿美元的塑料被视为垃圾。据此可知，在美国，大部分塑料被当成垃圾处理了，故 D 项正确。]
10．Why did the team invent Ooho?
A．To make a profit for a company.
B．To protect the environment.
C．To make people eat as they drink.
D．To reduce the cost of the plastic bottle.
B [考查细节理解。根据第二段尾句可知，由于塑料瓶的使用污染了环境，
故 Skipping Rocks Lab 发明了一种可以食用的包装材料 Ooho，故 B 项正确。]
11．What can we infer about Ooho from the text?
A．It is easy and safe to ship it in large amounts.
B．It has become popular since it began to be sold.
C．It might be sold at a lower price than plastic bottles.
D．It cost the team a lot of money to develop the technology.
C [考查推理判断。根据第三段第二句可知，该产品的制造成本比塑料瓶低；
据此可推知，该产品的售价也可能比塑料瓶低，故 C 项正确。]
12．What does the author really want to say in the last paragraph?
A．Ooho is to be a success in the future.
B．Ooho is being supported by smart people.
C．Ooho is taking the place of plastic bottles now.
D．Ooho is being produced to attract more investors.
A [考查推理判断。根据尾段第一句可知，Ooho 吸引了很多人的注意，在三
天时间内就得到了 1 000 位投资者的关注，筹集到 100 多万美元；再结合最后一句
可推知，作者最后一段想要表达的是，在未来 Ooho 一定能获得成功，故 A 项正
确。]
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