长沙麓山国际实验学校 2020年高二年级寒假检测 参考答案
第一部分 阅读理解
1-3 BCA 4-7 DACA 8-11 ADDC 12-15 CACD 16-20 CBGAE
第二部分 语言知识运用
21-25 BABDB 26-30 CBADB 31-35 ACADA 36-40 BCBAD
41. is expressed 42. that 43．to realize 44．politely 45. reached
46. an 47. requesting 48．ranged 49. to 50. combinations
第三部分 写作
As we all know，culture is similar with an iceberg （冰山）．There are cultural roles where are obvious and easily to understand．Most of our cultural values，however，is not clear or hidden．For example，when you will visit a restaurant in Japan，people may sit on the floor and use chopstick to eat．These eat habits are easy to come across．You may not know，therefore，that it's common for a man to sit cross﹣legged on the floor，but it's not considered acceptable for∧woman to do so．You have to study people's body language to understanding this less obvious cultural rule．
解析：
51．with﹣﹣﹣to．考查介词．表示"与…相似"用固定短语 is similar to，所以with改为to．
52．where﹣﹣﹣that/which．考查定语从句的关系词．引导定语从句，代指先行词cultural roles，做从句are obvious and easily to understand的主语，用that/which．
53．easily﹣﹣﹣easy．考查形容词的用法．做 where are 的表语，和obvious并列，用形容词easy．
54．is﹣﹣﹣are．考查主谓一致．根据主语Most of our cultural values可知系动词用复数are．
55．去掉will．考查状语从句．在when 引导的从句里，应该用一般现在时态表示将来，所以去掉will．用一般现在时态you visit a restaurant in Japan．
56． chopstick﹣﹣﹣chopsticks．考查名词的数，chopstick筷子，常用复数表达．
57．eat﹣﹣﹣eating．考查派生词．修饰habits，表示"饮食习惯"，用eating．
58．therefore﹣﹣﹣however．考查连词．You may not know表示"你可能不知道"，和上句之间是转折关系，所以用however．
59．woman前加a．考查冠词．和上文 a man 呼应，用不定冠词a修饰woman．
60．understanding﹣﹣﹣understand．考查非谓语动词．to understanding this less obvious cultural rule．表示"为了理解不明显的文化规则"，这是目的状语，所以是动词不定式，to后用动词原形 understand．
61.参考范文
Good afternoon，boys and girls!
I'd like to share with you my opinion about future life．With the development of science and technology，life will be greatly different in the future．（高分句型一）（提出演讲的话题）
First，people will be able to do almost everything at home．They'll just need to give some simple instructions and robots will complete the tasks．（工作）Second，each family will have a flying machine．They'll be able to travel everywhere，even to the moon or somewhere under the sea．（出行）Third，our environment will be much better than now，because some effective measures will be taken to protect it．（高分句型二）There will be no pollution，no rubbish，etc．The earth will become a big beautiful garden．（环境）
I believe people's lives will be much easier in the future．
That's all．Thank you for your listening．
62.参考范文
Paragraph 1：
On the way back to town， Tony began to worry that the other boys might already have sold or traded their mangoes with Honey House． When finally reaching Honey House， Tony just rushed in， out of breath． The owner of the store looked at him with a curious look． On hearing Tony's explanation， the owner opened the bag to check the mangoes． To Tony's disappointment， they're not enough to exchange a lovely doll． He walked out with tears rolling down his face when he met the other boys carrying bags of mangoes． Knowing Tony's situation， they decided to gather all their mangoes to give his sister a dream present【高分句型一，现在分词作状语】．【要点一，续写短文一内容】
Paragraph 2：
The following morning， Alice walked into the kitchen and took a seat at the breakfast table． When subconsciously reaching out for a glass cup， she found a card saying "Look at the sofa．" Then she surprisingly saw the doll she had been dreaming of for a long time． When Tony said "Happy birthday，" Alice couldn't help crying and hugged him tightly． Touched by the warm atmosphere， their parents smiled with pleasure， knowing their son had grown up and reliable enough to take care of his sister【高分句型二，过去分词和现在分词作状语】． Wealth isn't always where happiness comes from， and love is something that really makes a great difference．【要点二，续写短文二内容】
阅读理解详解
A
1． B．细节理解题．根据 Oxford： Includes a guided tour of England's oldest university city and colleges 这句可知，Tour B 的游览包括英国最古老的大学城．故选B．
2．D．细节理解题．根据 Tour A £37 until 26 March and £39 thereafter；．．Tour B £32 until 12 March and £36 thereafter；．． Tour C﹣£34 until 11 March and £37 thereafter…以及 Tour D﹣Cambridge including entrance fees to the Tower of Saint Mary the Great﹣£33 until 18 March and £37 thereafter 可知，在3月17日的时候出游的话，Cambridge 费用最低．故选D．
3． A．细节理解题．在文章中 Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen 得知，Hampton Court
在过去曾经是四个国王和一个王后的家，所以现在成了一个主要的景点．故选A．
B
4．D．细节理解题．根据文章第一段 she became so fearful of crutches （拐杖）that she didn't move for three weeks． "I tried crutches but I kept falling over and injuring myself． So I literally just stayed on the sofa all day， " says Emma．她害怕拐杖，三个星期都不动．艾玛说："我试过拄拐杖，但我一直摔倒受伤．所以我真的一整天都呆在沙发上．"可知，艾玛害怕拐杖是因为，她使用拐杖的时候总是摔倒受伤，结合选项，故选D．
5．A．词义猜测题．根据文章第二段，She was gutted at the thought of missing the Wolf Run﹣a quarterly event that she hasn't missed since 2014．一想到错过了"Wolf Run"，她就心灰意冷，这是她自2014年以来从未错过的季度赛事．可知，划线单词意为：非常伤心的，故选A．
6．C．细节理解题．根据文章第三段，Emma completed the run wearing an iWALK2． 0， which is a medically﹣approved device and it basically functions like a hi﹣tech artificial leg， allowing users to walk freely． I decided to get one and it completely changed my recovery． I could move around the house and start getting out and about again， which had a real impact on my mental well﹣being． 艾玛带着iWALK2.0完成了跑步，这是一种医学上认可的设备，它的基本功能就像一条高科技的假腿，允许用户自由行走．我决定买一条这完全改变了我的恢复，我可以在家里四处走动，开始一次又一次地出去走动，这对我的精神健康产生了真正的影响．"可知，是艾玛想要实现目标的强烈的愿望使得她最终参加了比赛，结合选项，故选C．
7．A．推理判断题．根据文章最后一段， " It was an incredible day and my determination to finish combined with the support I received along the way kept me going， " says Emma．艾玛说："这是一个难以置信的一天，我下定决心完成任务，加上一路上得到的支持，让我继续前进．"．可知，艾玛坚强的意志使得她克服了各种困难，最终完成了比赛，她是一个意志坚强的人．结合选项，故选A．
C
8．A．考查推理判断题．根据第二段Food waste that can be composted includes fruit and vegetable peels， coffee grounds， tea bags， and eggshells． Garden waste such as stems and leaves can also be composted． Meat， fish， and dairy food waste cannot be recycled．得知不是所有的食物都能堆制成肥料如：肉类、鱼类和奶制品不可循环．故选A．
9．D．考查推理判断题．根据第三段内容．得知环保小组称堆制肥料可以减少垃圾，保留营养成分、帮助庄稼或花园植物成长，这些都是堆制肥料的优点．故选D．
10．D．考查推理判断题．根据That city has a law requiring people to recycle food waste． It is banned from all garbage． There is a fine for people who put it into regular garbage．得知在美国西雅图，往垃圾桶丢弃食物垃圾是违法的，对这一类人要罚款．故选D．
11．C．考查推理判断题．根据最后一段Patti Ferguson from Orange County， California， told her local newspaper that she thought an indoor container containing food waste would get smelly．得知在说明有人反对食物循环法案时以Patti Ferguson为例．可以判断出她是反对的意见．故选C．
D
12．C． 细节题．根据文章第三段内容， The results showed that statements connected to easier names were more often ranked as believable than those belonging to difficult names， regardless of what the truth really was．研究结果表明，与容易说出的名字相关的陈述比那些难说出的名字更容易被认为是可信的，不管事实是什么．即在许多情况下，志愿者更信任那些简单的名字．结合选项，故选C．
13． A，推理判断题，根据第二段的" As a result， people with easier names are often assumed to be more trustworthy因此，人们往往认为名字简单的人更值得信赖"，下面是实验证明这一点，所以划线部分意思为"名字对人判断的影响"，故选A．
14． C．推理题．根据文章倒数第二段内容，Newman hopes that this finding can make us better see our bias． It's not just unfair to people that we make judgments based on feelings rather than facts ﹣ it can sometimes have serious results． For example， we may choose to believe certain eyewitnesses in court simply because their names sound more trustworthy even if they are actually lying． Or we may let go of qualified job applicants due to their "difficult" names．纽曼希望这一发现能让我们更好地看到我们的偏见．我们根据感觉而不是事实做出判断，这不仅不公平，有时也会产生严重的后果．例如，我们可以选择相信法庭上的某些证人，仅仅是因为他们的名字不符合即使他们真的在说谎，我们也会更值得信赖．或者，我们可能会因为他们"难听"的名字而放弃合格的求职者．由此可知，通过名字来判断一个人是会引起严重后果的，结合选项，故选C．
15． D，主旨大意题，本文通过实验，得出结论，有简单名字的人更容易得到信任．故选D：简单名字胜出．
七选五详解
16．C 考查上下文理解判断能力．根据下文Experts advise parents to bring babies 6to 12months of age to the doctor for a careful check可知，专家建议父母亲在6﹣12个月的时候就带着孩子去进行眼部检查，上文应是：眼部检查要尽可能地早进行．故选C．
17．B 考查上下文理解判断能力．根据上文No matter what the season is，it's extremely important to wear sunglasses可知，不管是什么季节，我们都要佩戴太阳镜，下文应是：佩戴太阳镜的好处，即：太阳镜可能会适当地保护你的眼睛．故选B．
18．G 考查上下文理解判断能力．根据上文Give your eyes a break．Two﹣thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products可知，让眼睛休息，三分之二的美国人花7个小时的时间使用电脑或者电子产品，没有让我们的眼睛得到休息，下文应是：这样频繁地使用眼睛会增加我们眼睛疲劳的危险．故选G．
19．A 考查上下文理解判断能力．根据下文As part of a healthy diet，eat more fruits and vegetables each day可知，作为健康饮食的一部分，每天吃更多的水果或蔬菜，上文应是：要多吃蔬菜等绿色食品，对我们的眼睛是有好处的．故选A．
20．E 考查上下文理解判断能力．根据上文While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses，many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk可知，很多人都佩戴隐形眼镜等，但是在使用中总是没有按照使用说明，这也让他们的眼睛处于危险之中下文应是：要采纳医生的建议，合理使用这些设备．故选E．
完形填空详解
21．B．本题考查 动词辨析． 句意为：他的青春年华如梦幻般浮现在他眼前，他回想起那个关键的时刻．recall是"回忆"的意思． record意为"记录"， doubt 意为"怀疑"， dream意为"梦想"，recall符合句意．故选B．
22．A．本题考查名词辨析． 句意为：他回想起那个关键的时刻，他的父亲将他放在人生道路的入口﹣﹣一条通向和平…， entrance意为"入口"，end 意为"结束"， middle意为"中间"， top意为"顶部"， entrance符合句意．故选A．
23．B．本题考查动词辨析． place ____﹣ with flowers 应该是be covered with，意思是被…覆盖， 意为"被鲜花覆盖的地方" fill意为"装满"， grow 意为"生长"，drop意为"落下，掉下"．故选B．
24．D．本题考查形容词辨析． 句意为：另外一条路通向深刻的，黑暗的洞穴，这是无尽的，那里流淌着毒液，魔鬼和毒蛇嘶嘶爬动．．endless符合句意．
bright意为"光明的，聪明的"，amazing意为"令人惊讶的"，common意为"常见的"， endless意为"无尽头的"， 故选D．
25．B．本题考查副词辨析． 句意为：他仰望天空，痛苦地哭喊道…loudly 意为"大声地"，painfully意为"痛苦地" happily意为"愉快地，快乐地"，continuously意为"持续地"，从上下文可知，这位老人现在非常后悔以前的做法，所以现在应该是"痛苦地哭喊道"．故选B．
26．C．本题考查动词辨析． 句意为：如果我再次被放在入口处 ，我会选择另一条更好的路．abandon意为"放弃"， build意为"建筑"，choose意为"选择"， change意为"改变"．根据句意应该选择choose．故选C．
27．B．本题考查动词短语辨析． washed away意为"冲垮； 冲走"，passed away意为"去世"，ran away意为"跑开"， broke away意为"挣脱； 逃脱"， 句意为：然而他的父亲和他的青春已经逝去了． pass away符合语境．故选B．
28．A．本题考查动词辨析． 句意为：他看见一颗星星从天空坠落，消失了． fall意为"降落"，rise意为"升起"， freeze 意为"冻结，结冰"，shine 意为"发光"，根据上下文应该是fall．故选A．
29．D．本题考查名词辨析． 句意为：（星星的陨落）这是他自己的象征． quality意为"质量"，harvest意为"收获，收割"， means意为"方式"， symbol意为"象征"，老人感慨自己的人生经历，觉得自己就像星星一样陨落，所以星星就是他的象征．故选D．
30．B．本题考查名词辨析． 句意为：他的悔恨，它像一把锋利的剑，深深地刺进他的心． sword意为"剑"，regret意为"后悔"， pride意为"骄傲，自豪"， feeling意为"情感"．根据句意，本题应该选择regret．
31．A．本题考查名词辨析． success意为"成功"，cave意为"山洞"， failure意为"失败"， reality意为"现实"，句意为：然后他想起童年时代的朋友，与他一起踏入人生．但他们取得了他们的成功…根据句意，该空应该用success．故选A．
32．C．本题考查形容词辨析． 句意为：他们取得了他们的成功，现在，在这个新年之夜，他们感到荣幸和高兴． worried意为"担心，着急"，deserted意为"被抛弃的"，honored 意为"受尊敬的"，frightened意为"感到害怕的"，honored符合语境．故选C．
33．A．本题考查名词辨析． 句意为：教堂塔顶的钟声响了，让他想起了他父母对他的爱． love意为"爱"，misleading意为"误导"， anxiety意为"焦虑"， scold 意为"责备"，love符合句意，故选A．
34．D．本题考查名词辨析． 句意为：父母教导他，为他祈祷．但他选择了错误的道路．他感到耻辱和悲痛， joy 意为"高兴"，heart意为"心脏"， care意为"关心"， shame 意为"耻辱"，根据上下文，他处于后悔遗憾的情感中，故shame符合语境．
35．A．本题考查名词辨析． 句意为：他不敢再看向他父亲所在的天堂． heaven意为"天堂"，cemetery意为" 墓地"，hell意为"地狱"， house 意为"房子"，根据上下文，他的父亲已经去世．因此heaven符合上下文语境．故选A．
36．B．本题考查形容词辨析． dried意为"干的"，darkened意为"黑暗的"， lighted 意为"点燃的"， satisfied 意为"满意的"，根据后面的"他的双眼充满了泪水，和绝望 "可知他的眼神暗淡，所以用darkened．
37．C．本题考查动词辨析．disappear意为"消失"， remain意为"仍然"， return意为"返回，回归"， promise意为"承诺"，根据上下文"for all this was only a dream which he had on New Year's night． He was still young …" 可知，他的青春还在．所以用return．
38．B．本题考查副词辨析． 句意为：他还没进入又深又黑暗的洞穴，他仍然可以自由地走在路上，通往和平与阳光． never意为"永不"，still意为"仍然"， hardly意为"几乎不"， always意为"一直"，still符合句意．故选B．
39．A．本题考查动词辨析． hesitating意为"犹豫"，deciding意为"决定"， refusing意为"拒绝"， claiming意为"声称．认领"，根据前面的"who still linger on（徘徊）the entrance of life "可知：那些仍然人生路口徘徊，犹豫选择一条光明的路．故选A．
40．D．本题考查介词短语辨析．句意为：当你的日子已逝去，你在黑暗的山上被绊倒，你会痛哭流涕，但无济于事． in
brief意为"简短地； 简言之"， in surprise意为"惊奇地"， in use意为"在使用"， in vain意为"徒劳的"，根据句意，应该用短语in vain．
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