2020届盐城市伍佑中学高二英语下学期线上试题答案.docx

盐城市伍佑中学高二年级第一次阶段考试 英语试题答案 一．阅读理解（30分）‎ ‎1-3 BCA 4-7 ABDB 8-11 ACCA 12-15 CBAD 二．七选五（10分）‎ ‎16-20 BEDFG 三．完形填空（30分）‎ ‎21-25 CBDAD 26-30 BDBCD 31-35 BCACA 36-40 DACDB 四．单项选择（10分）‎ ‎41-45 DCADB 46-50 ACDCB 五．语法填空（15分）‎ ‎51．occurs 52．drawbacks 53．which 54．be overlooked ‎55．a 56．forgetful 57．done 58．original ‎59．to 60．themselves 六．书面表达（25分）‎ Paragraph 1:‎ What the old man said struck David. He suddenly realized that wealth wouldn't really mean much if one was already so old. What the old man really wanted was what he still enjoyed-his youth. It was the most valuable thing he had. He realized that he was still young and everything was possible for him. David looked at the old man again and this time he no longer admired him. He knew he still had chance to become rich. But the old man could never become young again. ‎ Paragraph 2:‎ 9‎ David stopped complaining about his life. Instead, he decided to make a change. Later he found work again. This time he worked hard and tried his best to learn new things in his free time. He even went to attend a course at a night school. Two years later, he found better work. And some years later, he started his own business. Finally, he became rich. But he knew that wealth wasn't the most important in his life. He wanted to live life to its fullest.‎ 盐城市伍佑中学高二年级第一次阶段考试 英语试题解析 一．阅读理解 A．这是一篇应用文。英国广播公司有三类纪录片，包括：自然，历史和技术。文章列举了2004——2006年的一些纪录片。‎ ‎1．推理判断题。根据文章第三段的This documentary, where we can see the Hiroshima street at the moment of disaster, tries to show us the real history and what life is like for the Japanese people who have experienced the atomic bombing.可知Hiroshima主要讲述了日本遭受原子弹的历史事件及该事件对日本人民的影响。由此推测如果对历史感兴趣可以观看该纪录片。故选B项。‎ ‎2．细节理解题。根据文章第四段的the modern transportation enables us to reach further areas at a faster speed.可知现代的交通工具让人们用更快的速度走得更远。C. People now can travel faster and further in the world.（人们现在在世界上可以旅行得更快更远）符合以上说法，故选C项。‎ ‎3．细节理解题。根据文章第三段的an atomic bomb was launched into Hiroshima, Japan and it was also a scientific, technological, military and political adventure. This documentary, where we can see the Hiroshima street at the moment of disaster, tries to show us the real history and what life is like for the Japanese people who have experienced the atomic bombing.可知日本广岛遭受了原子弹的袭击，并且目前日本人民还遭受着原子弹爆炸带来的影响。A. Hiroshima suffered from a disaster caused by atomic bombing. （广岛遭受了由原子弹爆炸造成的灾难）符合以上说法，故选A项。‎ B．本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了英国的当地报纸受到了当地人的欢迎，发行量很大，而且有时候甚至会影响当地一些政策的制定。‎ 9‎ ‎4．细节理解题。根据第一段的the Daily Mirror and the Daily Express usually impress newspapermen even more because they both sell about four million copies every day.可知，《每日镜报》和《每日快报》通常给新闻记者留下更深刻的印象，因为它们每天的销量都在400万份左右，所以，它因为比其它著名报纸有更大的销售量而给记者留下深刻印象，故选A。‎ ‎5．细节理解题。根据第三段的These papers are written almost entirely for readers interested in local events可知，当地报纸因为登载了很多当地人感兴趣的新闻而受到当地人的喜爱，故选B。‎ ‎6．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的But if the newspaper is well written and the news items are carefully chosen to attract local readers, the businessmen are grateful for the opportunity to keep their products in the public eye.可知，如果报纸受到人们的欢迎并且吸引读者的话，商人们更乐意在这样的报纸上登广告，故选D。‎ ‎7．逻辑推理题。根据最后一段的But they can often be of service to the community in expressing public feeling on local issues. A newspaper can sometimes persuade the council to take action to provide better shopping facilities, improve transport in the area and preserve local monuments and places of interest.可知，但是，它们在表达公众对当地问题的看法时，往往有助于社区。报纸有时可以说服市政会采取行动，提供更好的购物设施，改善该地区的交通，保护当地的古迹和名胜，因此推断，当地报纸有时候会影响一些政策的制定，故选B。‎ C．这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了纸币和硬币的由来和历史历程。‎ ‎8．推理判断题。根据第一段中Actually, trading a cow for two pigs is still the norm for many cultures. So how is it that we get to use paper and coins?可知，事实上，用一头牛换两头猪在许多文化中仍然是一种常态。那么我们是如何使用纸和硬币的呢？以及第二段第一句The biggest challenge for ancient cultures was to have a system that would allow people to exchange products with each other.可知，古代文化面临的最大挑战是建立一个允许人们互相交换产品的系统。由此可推知，第一段的目的是引出第二段文章主题。故选A。‎ ‎9．细节理解题。根据第二段中For example, a farmer that needed wheat only had fruit to exchange but the fruit wasn’t ready to hand over for another two months. This is what started the idea of a “common currency”.可知，例如，一个需要小麦的农民只有水果可以交换，但这些水果要再过两个月才能交易。这就是“共同货币”概念的起源。由此可知，当农夫没有东西可以交换他所需要的东西时，他就有了使用货币的想法。故选C。‎ ‎10．细节理解题。根据最后一段中Mondex allows you to “wave” your card past any special device that can read these cards. You no longer have to insert, swipe (刷) and then punch in numbers, which could cause security problems.可知，Mondex允许你通过任何特殊的设备来读取你的卡片。你不再需要插入、滑动然后输入数字，这可能会导致安全问题。由此可知，Mondex是一种可以帮助你安全方便地交易的借记卡。故选C。‎ ‎11．主旨大意题。根据第一段中Actually, trading a cow for two pigs is still the norm for many 9‎ ‎ cultures. So how is it that we get to use paper and coins?可知，事实上，用一头牛换两头猪在许多文化中仍然是一种常态。那么我们是如何使用纸和硬币的呢？以及结合文章主要介绍了纸币和硬币的由来和历史演变过程。故选A。‎ D．这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了几十年前在加利福尼亚海岸沉没的一艘船最近进行了详细的重建。3D数字模型甚至包括了自沉船以来聚集在船体表面的数百海绵动物。‎ ‎12．主旨大意题。第一段A ship that sank off the coast of California decades ago was recently reconstructed in detail. The 3D digital model even included hundreds of sponges (海绵动物) that have gathered on the ship’s surface since it sank.（几十年前在加利福尼亚海岸沉没的一艘船最近进行了详细的重建。3D数字模型甚至包括了自沉船以来聚集在船体表面的数百海绵动物。）是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了三维模型重建沉船。故选C。‎ ‎13．细节理解题。根据第三段Named American Heritage, the supply ship sank in Santa Monica Bay on May 4, 1995, and for decades its exact location was unknown. Researchers with the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) spotted a strange shape in that area in 2008. But it wasn’t until May 2018 that MBARI scientists identified its exact location and mapped the site in detail, showing what appeared to be a shipwreck (失事船只).（1995年5月4日，这艘名为“美国遗产”的补给船在圣莫尼卡湾沉没，数十年来，它的确切位置一直不为人知。2008年，蒙特里湾水族馆研究所的研究人员在该地区发现了一个奇怪的形状。但直到2018年5月，MBARI的科学家们才确定了它的确切位置，并详细地绘制了地图，显示出它似乎是一艘沉船）和第四段They sent remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) and took photos of the damaged ship. Though it was covered with deep-sea sponges and other animals, the scientists were able to spot letters spelling out its name, confirming that the shipwreck was American Heritage.（他们派出了ROVs，并拍摄了受损船只的照片。尽管上面覆盖着深海海绵和其他动物，科学家们还是能够辨认出拼出它名字的字母，从而确认这艘沉船是“美国遗产”。）由此可知，事件发生的正确顺序是：一艘船在圣莫尼卡湾沉没→在这个地区发现了一些奇怪的东西→科学家们试图确定失事船只的位置→ROVs被派到水下拍照→这艘船的身份得到确认。故选B。‎ ‎14．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段As one of the MBARI scientists who found American Heritage, chief ROV pilot Knute Brekke had worked on the ship before. And he was on duty with the diving company American Pacific Marine — the owner of American Heritage — the night the ship began taking in water and eventually sank.（作为发现美国遗产的MBARI科学家之一，ROV的首席飞行员Knute Brekke曾在这艘船上工作过。在船开始进水并最终沉没的那个晚上，他正在美国太平洋海洋公司工作，该公司是“美国遗产”的所有者。）由此推断出，Knute Brekke很熟悉那艘沉船。故选A。‎ ‎15．推理判断题。根据最后一段Kim Fulton-Bennett说的话The model is not complete, as floating ropes and poor visibility kept the pilots from getting too close to the wreck. But the 3D reconstruction is detailed enough to show that American Heritage is now home to thousands of sponges. Shipwrecks often turn into the shelter for diverse communities of ocean 9‎ ‎ life.（该模型并不完整，因为漂浮的绳索和较差的能见度使飞行员无法太接近失事船只。但3D重建的细节足以表明，“美国遗产”现在是成千上万海绵动物的家园。沉船往往会成为各种海洋生物群落的避难所。）由此推断出，Kim Fulton-Bennett对3D模型的态度是客观的。故选D。‎ 二．七选五 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了许多科学家认为吃糖会上瘾，并引发疾病。为此，人们应该减少摄入糖分，一些学校开始用水果代替甜点，或者步行道让学生们加强锻炼。‎ ‎16．根据下文In this way, it is in fact an addictive drug, one that doctors suggest we all cut downon.可知，这里强调以这种方式，糖会使我们门上瘾，医生也建议我们要减少食用。因此横线处应该是说明糖为什么会使人上瘾。故B项（Then the good feeling goes away, leaving us wanting more）然后这种感觉消失，我们需要更多糖分。引出下文，符合语境。故正确答案为B。‎ ‎17．根据上文“One-third of adults worldwide have high blood pressure, and up to 347 million have diabetes. Why?”（ 世界上有三分之一的成年人患有高血压，高达3亿4700万的人患有糖尿病。为什么？）可知，下文应是介绍原因的。故E项（Sugar, we believe, is one of the reasons, if not the major one）我们认为，糖是原因之一，即使不是主要原因。承接上文，符合题意。故选E。‎ ‎18．根据上文“Early humans often had very little food, so our bodies learned to be very efficient in storing sugar as fat. In this way, we had energy stored for when there was no food.”可知，早期人类通常很少有食物，所以我们的身体学会了非常有效地将糖储存为脂肪。这样，我们就可以在没有食物的时候储存能量。这是在说明糖分的好处，紧接着Bu today转折，意味着横线处是强调糖分摄入过分的害处。故D（So the very thing that once saved us, may now be killing us.）曾经救过我们的东西现在可能正在致我们于死地，承上启下，符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎19．根据上文“It’s obvious that we need to eat less sugar.”和下文 “From breakfast cereals to after-dinner desserts, our foods are increasingly filled with it”可知，我们需要减少糖的食用，但是事实上从早餐到晚餐我们的食物中含有大量的糖。也就是说橫线处是对我们不得不吃糖这一事实的说明。故F项（The trouble is, in today's world, it's extremely difficult to avoid），问题是，在当今世界，这是极难避免的，承上启下，符合语境。故选F。‎ ‎20．根据上文“But there are those who are fighting back against sugar”可知，有些人已经开始与糖分做斗争，故下文应列举具体斗争的方法。故G项（Many schools are replacing sugary desserts with healthier options like fruit.）许多学校正在选用更健康的食物例如水果代替含糖甜点，承上启下，符合题意。故选G。‎ 三．完形填空 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国人的交友特点——对各种关系都持开放态度，这让美国人即使在国外也很容易交到新朋友。‎ 9‎ ‎21．考查动词词义辨析。A. drive开车；B. commute通勤；C. move搬家；D. settle定居。上文说很少有美国人会在一个地方住一辈子，我们从城市搬到郊区，故C项正确。‎ ‎22．考查副词词义辨析。A. abroad在国外；B. elsewhere别的地方；C. somewhere某个地方；D. nowhere无处。上文说我们不会在一个地方住一辈子，我们搬到别的地方，故B项正确。‎ ‎23．考查动词词义辨析。A. deliver递送；B. protect保护；C. educate教育；D. raise抚养。根据本空后的“our children to the home where we plan to live in ___4___”可知，从我们抚养孩子的家搬到准备退休后生活的家，故D项正确。‎ ‎24．考查名词词义辨析。A. retirement退休；B. death死亡；C. illness疾病；D. sadness悲伤。从我们抚养孩子的家搬到准备退休后生活的家，故A项正确。‎ ‎25．考查副词词义辨析。A. mostly多半地；B. mainly主要地；C. rarely很少地；D. forever永远、常常。根据本空后的“making new friends, who become part of our new life.”可知，每搬到一个新地方，我们常常会交到成为我们新生活的一部分的朋友，故D项正确。‎ ‎26．考查名词词义辨析。A. championships锦标赛；B. friendships友谊；C. hardships苦难；D. leaderships领导能力。上文提到了交朋友，此处是说夏天是一个发展新友谊的特别时间，故B项正确。‎ ‎27．考查副词词义辨析。A. along一直；B. freely自由地；C. together一起；D. abroad在国外。根据本空后的“and they go not only to see new sights but also — in those places where they do not feel too ___8___ — with the hope of meeting new people.”可知，数百万美国人去国外度假，他们不仅去看新的风景，而且还去他们不觉得太陌生的地方，希望遇见新的朋友，故D项正确。‎ ‎28．考查形容词词义辨析。A. alone独自；B. strange奇怪的、陌生的；C. scared害怕的；D. remote偏僻的。根据上文可知，他们去不觉得太陌生的地方，希望遇见新的朋友，故B项正确。‎ ‎29．考查动词词义辨析。A. allows允许；B. desires想要；C. expects期望、指望；D. imagines想象。根据本空后的“a vacation trip to produce a close friend, but the beginning of a friendship is possible.”可知，没有人真的指望假期旅行能交到亲密的朋友，但友谊的开始是可能的，故C项正确。‎ ‎30．考查动词词义辨析。A. form形成；B. develop发展；C. ignore忽视；D. value重视。根据语境可知，每个国家的人都重视友谊，故D项正确。‎ ‎31．考查动词词义辨析。A. used使用；B. applied应用；C. stuck坚持；D. dedicated献身。根据本空后的“to a wide range of relationships”可知，对美国人来说，“朋友”这个词可以用在各种各样的关系中，故B项正确。‎ ‎32．考查形容词词义辨析。A. kind善良的；B. generous慷慨的；C. trusted可信的；D. helpful有帮助的。朋友可以是一个可以信赖的同事，故C项正确。‎ 9‎ ‎33．考查名词词义辨析。A. differences不同；B. varieties种类；C. distinctions区分；D. diversities多样性。根据本空后的“among these relations for Americans”可知，这些关系有很多差异，故A项正确。‎ ‎34．考查形容词词义辨析。A. informal非正式的；B. reliable可靠的；C. shallow肤浅的；D. fragile易碎的。根据本空后的“casual, situational or deep and lasting.”可知，友谊可以是肤浅的、随意的、情境的，也可以是深厚而持久的，故C项正确。‎ ‎35．考查介词短语辨析。A. in and out进进出出；B. on and on继续不停地；C. by and by不久以后；D. up and down到处。根据本空后的“of Americans' homes with little ceremony.”可知，欧洲人认为各种各样的朋友进出美国人的家几乎没有什么仪式感，故A项正确。‎ ‎36．考查动词短语辨析。A. Moving into迁入；B. Flowing into流进；C. Going into加入；D. Coming进入、来到。根据本空后的“as a guest into an American home, the European visitor finds no ___17___ differences.”可知，作为客人进入美国人的家，欧洲人发现没有什么明显的不同，故D项正确。‎ ‎37．考查形容词词义辨析。A. obvious明显的；B. heavy重的；C. apparent 表面上的；D. strong强壮的。根据上文可知，作为客人进入美国人的家，欧洲人发现没有什么明显的不同，故A项正确。‎ ‎38．考查形容词词义辨析。A. weird怪异的；B. stressed有压力的；C. relaxed轻松的；D. strange奇怪的。根据本空后的“Most people, old and young, are called ___19___ first names.”可知，美国人家里的氛围是很轻松的，无论老少，都直呼其名，故C项正确。‎ ‎39．考查固定搭配。参考上题解析，call by first names表示“直呼其名”，故D项正确。‎ ‎40．考查介词短语辨析。A. at best最多；B. at home在家、在国内；C. at heart内心里；D. at hand即将到来。根据本空前的“Americans’ characteristic openness to different styles of relationship makes it possible for us to find new friends abroad with whom we feel”可知，美国人对不同类型的关系都持开放态度的性格让我们在国外交到新朋友，像在国内一样，故B项正确。‎ 四．单选 略 五．语法填空 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了拖延的原因及危害。‎ ‎51．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：拖延会导致许多后果。陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，many a +可数名词单数作主语，谓语动词用单数，故填occurs。‎ ‎52．考查名词的数。句意：拖延有其优点和缺点，但过多的拖延可能是有害的。drawback是可数名词，此处用复数表泛指，故填drawbacks。‎ 9‎ ‎53．考查非限定性定语从句。句意：我们经常试图通过忙于做有趣的、甚至有用的事情来掩盖我们的逃避，而这些事情并不能帮助我们实现主要的目标。此处为非限定性定语从句，关系词指代先行词interesting, and even useful things并在从句中作主语，故填which。‎ ‎54．考查语态。句意：由于拖延，语法，拼写，甚至我的名字都可能在匆忙中被忽略。the grammar, spelling, and even my name与overlook之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，情态动词may后用动词原形，故填be overlooked。‎ ‎55．考查固定短语。句意：人们因为一系列的原因拖延。a range of是固定短语，表示“一系列、很多”，故填a。‎ ‎56．考查形容词。句意：有些人经常健忘，拖延按时完成任务。此处缺少形容词作表语，根据“procrastinate on getting the task____7____(do)on time.”可知此处表示“健忘的”，故填forgetful。‎ ‎57．考查非谓语动词。句意同上，此处为“get+宾语+宾补”结构，the task 与do之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作宾语补足语，故填done。‎ ‎58．考查形容词。句意：通过拖延，一个人可能会面临一个更大的任务：原来的任务加上由于拖延而可能出现的新问题。修饰名词task用形容词，故填original。‎ ‎59．考查固定短语。句意同上，根据句意可知此处表示“由于”，thanks to表示“由于”，故填to。‎ ‎60．考查反身代词。句意：当他们认为自己不能充分展示自己时，他们往往会退缩。根据句意可知此处表示“他们自己”，故填themselves。‎ 六．书面表达 ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇读后续写作文。通过阅读所给文章可知，文章主要讲叙了大卫失业后看见了一位富人，和这位富裕的老人交谈后，大卫决定做出改变。他学习新东西，慢慢地开始了自己的事业，然后变得富有了的故事。‎ ‎【详解】‎ 续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：老人的话打动了大卫。后文应当描写他意识到自己还年轻，一切对他来说都是可能的。而老人，再也不能年轻了。第二段开头是：大卫不再抱怨他的生活。后文应当描写大卫决定做出改变。他学习新东西，慢慢地开始了自己的事业，然后变得富有了。但他知道财富不是他生命中最重要的，他想过上充实的生活。注意使用划线的提示词语。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 本文描写详略得当，使用了固定短语和高级句子。固定短语如：no longer ，make a change， tried his best to learn ，attend a course ，live life to its fullest。高级句子：What the 9‎ ‎ old man really wanted was what he still enjoyed-his youth. 该句使用了what引导的主语从句和表语从句；It was the most valuable thing he had.该句使用了that引导的定语从句，其中的that已经省略。‎ 9‎