2020届南通等苏北七市高三年级第二次调研测试
英语
注意事项：
考生在答题前认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求。
本试卷共14页。本次考试满分为120分，考试时冋为120分钟。考试结束后，请将答题纸 （卡）交回。
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第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）
做题时先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的 答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题;每小题1分，満分5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出 最佳选项.并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有 关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How will the speakers go to the movies?
A. By taxi. B. By underground. C. By bus.
2. How much should the woman pay?
A. 810. B. SI5. C. $25.
3. Who is in charge of the project?
A. Dan. B. Gary. C. Mary.
4. What does the man say about the restaurant?
A. The waiters were noisy.
B. The food was not his thing.
C. The atmosphere was friendly.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. An adventure. B. A book. C. A vacation plan.
第二节（共15小题;每小题1分，満分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白.每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三 个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅 读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后.各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独 白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7題。
6. What will the speakers have to do?
A. Send figures to Mr. Jones.
B. Draw up the budget for next year.
C. Organize an advertising campaign on Thursday.
7. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Wait for her in his office.
B. Go to Mr. Jones’s workplace.
C. Make a phone call to Mr. Jones.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the woman?
A. A hostess. B. A producer. C. An environmentalist.
9. Why is the interview held?
A. To present a study.
B. To fill the thirty-minute opening.
C. To raise public awareness of environmental protection.
10. When does the conversation take place?
A. Before the interview.
B. During the interview.
C. After the interview.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is always nice according to the man?
A. He lives by the sea.
B. Animals can get more food.
C. Green can be seen all year round.
12. What does the man have near his house?
A. Trees. B. Vegetables. C. Grass.
13. What are the speakers discussing?
A. The man's house.
B. The effects of global warming.
C. The vegetables on the man's farm.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16題.
14. Where does the man most probably work?
A. At an airport. B. At a hotel. C. At a travel agency.
15. Which airport is the best choice for the woman?
A. Reagan National. B. Dulles. C. Baltimore-Washington Airport.
16. Why is the woman going to Washington DC?
A. To stay in a friend's house.
B. To meet the man.
A. To visit the White House.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
11. What is the show about?
A. Experiments done by audience.
B. Young enthusiastic experimenters.
C. Explanations for some mysteries.
12. What subject is the speaker most looking forward to?
A. How to live a good life.
B. How to meet the perfect partner.
C. How to eat chocolate without gaining weight.
13. What does the speaker think of the show?
A. It's boring. B. It's time-wasting. C. It’s beneficial.
20. When will the show start this week?
A. At 9:30. B. At 9:00. C. At 8:30.
【答案】1—5 BCCAB 6—10 BCACA 11—15 AABBA 16—20 CCBCA
【解析】听力原文
Text 1
M: We should discuss our plans for the movie. Since it starts so soon after work, getting there might be a problem.
W: I’m not really familiar with the underground. Why don’t we take a taxi or bus?
M: No, we might be late if we run into traffic. Don’t worry. I know well about the underground.
Text 2
W: Hello, I want to order two large pizzas. I’d like them for delivery. My address is 14 Walnut Drive.
M: The pizza is 10 dollars each and you need to pay 5 dollars for delivery. It should take about forty-five minutes to get to your place.
Text 3
M: I heard you were going to attend the meeting on Wednesday, Mary. I didn’t know you would go.
W: Yes, Gary. I am responsible for the project now. I took Dan’s place since he had to be on sick leave.
Text 4
W: Are you satisfied with the restaurant?
M: Well, I have to say it’s not my thing. The food was fine, but the restaurant was too crowded and the waiters kept shouting all the time. I thought they should be working in a quieter and friendlier way.
Text 5
W: Have you read this new best-seller by Mike Brooklyn?
M: No, I haven’t. I don’t really enjoy fiction.
W: I think you’d like this one — it’s a very fast paced adventure, and Brooklyn has a really wild imagination.
M: Really? Maybe I’ll try to read it when I’m on vacation.
Text 6
W: Has Mr. Jones sent you the figures for next year’s advertising campaign yet?
M: No, I haven’t received anything from him. If we don’t get those figures by tomorrow morning, we won’t be able to draw up next year’s budget on time.
W: We have to set the budget until Thursday, so maybe you should call him and find out what happened.
M: I think I will. If I don’t hear from him by four, I’ll try calling his office.
Text 7
W: Thank you for meeting me, Dr. Freeman.
M: It’s my pleasure. I’m glad to be here.
W: Sorry for the short notice, but we’re hoping to air this story on tonight’s evening news. The producer already briefed you about our interview, right?
M: Yes, she told me we’re going to discuss the research results of our study.
W: Yes, hopefully the results will encourage more people to recycle and care for the environment. The interview should take about thirty minutes. Are you ready to begin?
M: Sure, let’s start.
W: Good evening. Today with me is Dr. Freeman. And you know he is …
Text 8
W: So, Eric, how is life in Greenland these days?
M: Oh, you know. Winters are long. I live on the coast, though, so I get to see the ocean every day. That’s always nice.
W: I heard that winters in Greenland are somewhat shorter than they used to be — global warming, I guess?
M: Yes, that’s true. They’re calling it “the greening of Greenland”.
W: The “greening”? What does that mean?
M: Well, the average temperature in Greenland is rising twice as fast as in other places. So, now I have a few trees near my house. Trees didn’t use to exist in Greenland, you know! And we, um, people are growing some vegetables now — cabbage, potatoes, and things like that. And farmers can grow more grass for their animals.
Text 9
W: Hello, this is Tina. I haven’t booked my flight to DC yet, but I was wondering if you have any advice on how to best get to you from the airport?
M: Yes, well, if you’re flying, Reagan National is the closest. You can take the underground right in from there. Dulles is further away and a taxi is probably the easiest. And then Baltimore-Washington Airport connects to a train that you can take right into the main train station in town.
W: OK, cool, I think Reagan should be the best. And do you pretty centrally lie in DC? Like, next to all the sights and everything? My friend asked me to stay in her house, but I don’t think it would be very convenient.
M: Yep. We’re in the Dupont Circle area, pretty central to DC. You can walk down to the White House. The underground is right around the corner.
W: Do you include breakfast?
M: Yes, madam, and we also offer dinner if you like.
W: OK. That sounds good. Thank you. I’m going to think about it and once I’ve got everything booked, I’ll give you a call.
M: OK. Have a good day.
Text 10
W: I’ve just discovered a fantastic new show called How Do They Do That?. The idea is simple. Take a topic — like travel, for example and then think of lots of little mysteries that could be explained. How do planes take off and land? That sort of thing. Then get two young, enthusiastic hosts in a lab to do lots of exciting experiments. Add some pictures to explain the process to the audience and that’s the show. Get the idea?
Each edition looks at a different subject. As well as travel, topics that have already been covered include education, the body, things around the house and magic — my favorite so far. Still to come are personal finances, the natural world, sports, and life and how to live it. The one I’m personally looking forward to the most is how to meet the perfect partner. But some of my friends would like to know how to eat chocolate without putting on weight.
What I like most about the show is that it’s fun and you learn something at the same time, so you don’t feel so guilty about spending 60 minutes in front of the TV each week. So if you aren’t already watching How Do They Do That?, I strongly recommend that you make the time. You’ll never think it boring. It’s on every Tuesday at 9 p.m. but this week’s edition won’t be shown until half an hour later because of the live international soccer game. Get watching and start learning!
第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 单项填空（共15小题;每小题1分，満分15分）
请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项，并在 答题卡上将该项涂黑。
21. Though he has made a big fortune, he is a happy man.
A. nothing but B. anything but C. more than D. other than
【答案】B
【解析】考查介词短语。句意：尽管他发了一笔大财，他还是不开心。A只有；B绝不，根本不；C多于，超过；D除了，不同于。根据语境，尽管表示让步，anything but 意为“根本不是”“一点不是”。 nothing but 意为“就是”，故选B。
22. Chinese medical teams have made tremendous to contain the spread of Covid-19.
A. appointments B. headlines C. sacrifices D. compromises
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：中国的医疗救援队伍在控制新冠肺炎疫情的传播上做出了巨大的牺牲。A作业，委派 ，约会；B头条； D妥协， 均不符合题义，故选C。
23. —Have you accepted the job, Aaron?
—Yes. But my reaction was to decline the offer.
A. fierce B. initial C. rigid D. allergic
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：——亚伦，你接受那份工作了吗？——我接受了。但我最初的反应是拒绝这份工作。A凶猛的，猛烈的；B最初的；C严格的，僵硬的；D对…过敏的，讨厌的；故选B。
24. John accompanied me to the airport so that he could the driving when I felt tired.
A. take over B. run over C. turn over D. rule over
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：约翰陪我去了机场，这样他就能在我感到劳累的时候接替我开车了。A 接管，接替；B 辗过；浏览；撞倒；C 移交给；翻阅；发动；营业额达到；反复考虑D统治，支配；故选A。
25. Most students set their alarm clocks to ensure they can attend on-line classes_________.
A. on purpose B. on occasion C. on average D. on schedule
【答案】D
【解析】考查介词短语。句意：大多数学生都设有闹钟为了确保自己能够准时上网课。A故意，特意；B有时，偶尔；C平均；D准时，故选D。
26. The tourism industry, as the core of our local economy, is supposed in the months to come.
A. to recover B. to have recovered C. to be recovering D. to have been recovering
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为我们地方经济的核心，旅游业能在未来的几个月里得到恢复。be supposed/considered to do / to have done / to be done / to be doing/ to have been done/ to have been doing 等结构。Be supposed to do... 被期望...， 后面 in the months to come表示将来时，故选A。
27. to the students at home, the textbooks enabled them to study more efficiently.
A. Distributing B.Having distributed C. Being distributed D. Distributed
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：课本被分发给了在家学习的学生，让他们能更高效地进行学习。主语textbook 是被分发给学生的，用被动形式done，分发的动作在enable 前已经发生，但没有having been distributed 选项，故选D。
28. The Yangtze River Delta regional development plan, Nantong has long expected, is under way.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：长江三角洲的发展计划正在进行中，这也是南通一直以来都期盼着的事。expect 后缺宾语plan，且为非限制性定语从句，故用which 指代，故选C。
29. China's efforts to give timely treatment to those infected with the virus are being by the rest of the world.
A. applauded B. clarified C. postponed D. transferred
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：中国给受疫情影响严重地区的即时救助让世界上其他地方的人都十分称赞。A鼓励，拍掌叫好；B澄清；C延迟；D转移，转让，故选A。
30. My neighbour Saria is always sheltering her child too much, and that's we differ.
A. when B. what C. how D. where
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：我的邻居萨莉亚总是对她的小孩庇护太多，那就是我和她不同的地方。
differ为不及物动词，缺状语，关系副词where 引导表语从句，故选D。
31. I will try my best to get to the station ahead of time, I have to walk all the way there.
A. so that B. as though C. even if D. in case
【答案】C
【解析】考查状语从句。句意：我会尽我可能地提前到达火车站，即使我不得不走到那里去。A因此；B好像；D以防万一；均不符合句意，故选C。
32. It's really exciting to imagine my future when I a new life at university.
A. would experience B. have experienced C. will be experiencing D. experienced
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：当我能去大学享受新生活的同时，憧憬一下我的未来真是很令人激动啊。根据句义体验大学生活还没有发生，将来进行时表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，常表示安排好的事，给人一种期待之感，故用将来进行时，选C。
33. If you here half an hour ago, you would have known what we were talking about.
A. arrived B. had arrived C. should arrive D. would arrive
【答案】B
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你早到半个小时，你就会知道我们在谈啥了。从句时态与过去事实相反，因此空格处所填为对过去的虚拟，had done sth，故选B。
34. Regular exercise along with proper diets our health in the long term.
A. benefits B. has benefited C. benefit D. have benefited
【答案】A
【解析】考察动词时态和主谓一致。句意：经常性的锻炼加上恰当的饮食有助于我们长远的健康。主语用了along with，动词仍看前面regular exercise，用第三人称单数，且此处陈述客观事实用一般现在时，故选A。
35. —Thank you so much for your kind help, Lucy.
—________________.
A. That’s right. B. All right. C. With pleasure. D. My pleasure.
【答案】D
【解析】考察情景交际。——非常感谢你的帮助，露西。——别客气，我很荣幸。A那是对的；B好的；C很高兴去做；D别客气，故选D。
第二节 完彩頊空（共20小题；毎小题1分，满分20分）
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选 项,并在答题卡上将该項涂黑。
About six years ago I started having panic attacks （恐慌症）. I began my journey to 36 them with traditional tools, all of which were a great help. 37 , a year late treatment was no longer needed.
Frustratingly, about a year after that, I started to develop 38 and began to have panic attacks once again. 1 tried what I knew best and went back to my previous 39 , but I was still 40 and far from feeling well again 41 I got some new advice.
I loved to sing when 1 was young. My childhood had been 42 with creativity, yet for most of my adult life it was 43 . A therapist told me that mental health issues are common among the 44 minds of the world when creativity is suppressed （压制）.To regain it, I decided to get back into 45 . Then I joined a group called Sound, a pop choir. Much better. I found the 46 to audition （试音）. I was amazed that I managed to 47 such a risky situation and not have a panic attack. The audition itself was a 48 for me, never mind how I did.
I have now been a 49 of the choir for three years. I love the community and the performances. It 50 me of who I was at school. My path back then was always "do what you love". My entire 51 was filled with fond memories because of that, and 1 was starting to build that back into my 52 life. Now, I am feeling a lot better. When I am 53 , distraction （分散注意力）is key and singing does 54 . It sends me into a state in which my body works with pure passion and joy. More importantly, I will have exercised my creativity and 55 my anxiety.
35. A. ignore B. solve C. interpret D. stress
【题源】https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2020/jan/13/joining-a-choir-helped-me-combat-anxiety-and-find-a-meditative-state-of-pure-joy
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。从后面的with traditional tools 以及 were a great help，可知作者是要解决自己的恐慌症。
36. A. Casually B. Ridiculously C. Controversially D. Thankfully
【答案】D
【解析】考查副词辨析。后半句不再需要治疗可知，此处表示幸运地。
37. A. passion B. depression C. adaptation D. relation
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词辨析。从frustratingly 以及have panic again 可知，是作者开始抑郁。
38. A. tutors B. conditions C. values D. tools
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词辨析。照应上一段有效的traditional tools，作者因为病情复发所以又回到原来的治疗方法。
39. A. doubting B. hesitating C. struggling D. improving
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。由后面的我感觉一点都不好可知，我还是在抗争（病魔）。
40. A. though B. until C. since D. after
【答案】B
【解析】考查连词辨析。根据前后句意可知，此处为“直到得到了一些新的建议之前我一直感觉不好”。
41. A. charged B. burdened C. mixed D. filled
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词辨析。be filled with，充满……，由后文当创造力被压制时，富有创造力的人可能会出现精神问题可知我的童年是充满创造力的。
35. A. neglected B. maintained C. sharpened D. exploited
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词辨析。由yet“但是”可知与童年相反，我成年后创造力被忽视了。
36. A. open B. absent C. creative D. narrow
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词辨析。和creativity 对照，是那些能够创新的人创造力被限制后出现精神问题。
37. A. painting B. acting C. reading D. singing
【答案】D
【解析】考查动名词辨析。由前文I loved to sing 以及这里get back into 可知，我又重新开始唱歌了。
38. A. turn B. pressure C. courage D. privilege
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词辨析。根据作者实际上患有恐慌症可知，这里作者去试音是很需要勇气的，而不是找到顺序、特权和压力。
39. A. set off B. get through C. shrink from D. figure out
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。get through, 成功挺过，由后半句我没有病发可知，这里是成功完成了试音。
40. A. win B. failure C. pain D. barrier
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词辨析。由作者成功完成了试音可知，完成试音本身对他来说就是一个成功，不论自己表现的如何。
41. A. sponsor B. director C. trainer D. member
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词辨析。choir 表示合唱团，“我成为合唱团的成员有三年了”。整个段落没有提及作者是教员或是指挥，而且作者喜欢唱歌还参与了表演，应该是成员。
42. A. suspects B. reminds C. cures D. warns
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。remind sb of sth.，使某人想起某事，合唱团让我想起了我在学校的样子。
43. A. education B. competition C. career D. existence
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词辨析。我的整个学生时代因此充满了美好的回忆，前文讲了who I was at school,可知是讲学生时代，career 是职业生涯，不符合语境。
44. A. holiday B. school C. adult D. adolescent
【答案】C
【解析】作者前面讲自己的学生时代，因此这里是我要在成人时代重拾我的热爱。
35. A. absorbed B. thrilled C. ambitious D. anxious
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词辨析。作者得的是恐慌症，因此是当他感到慌张焦虑的时候。
36. A. last B. help C. exist D. fade
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。唱歌很有帮助。这里是用does 作强调，且help 为不及物动词，表示有帮助。
37. A. relieved B. shared C. felt D. caused
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词辨析。relieve one’s anxiety，缓解压力，“更重要的是我锻炼了我的创造力以及缓解了我的压力”。
第三部分 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选 项，并在答题长上将该项涂黑。
A
A NEW STORY AWAITS
A Woman Endures
Marilyn Hering www.iuniverse.com Paperback/ E-book $10.95/$3.99
Following the loss of her baby and marriage. Eleanor decides to move to South Carolina to run an inherited tea plantation. There she will learn to grow tea, and possibly something more: love.
Road to Freedom— My Life and Journey from a 3rd World Country
Edwanl A. Nieto www.xlibris.com Hardback/Paperback/E-book $28.99 /$19.95/ $S3.99
This memoir details Edward's life and journey. It also includes his struggles with violence, corruption, and the politics of living in a third world country.
Saving Nia
G.B. Jones www.authorhouse. com Hardback/Paperback/E-book $29.99/$19.99/$3.99
Snatched from her happy home and placed with drug-addicted, abusive relatives, Nia sinks into depression and attempts to set herself on fire. The love of author abused child gets into her darkness, but can it bring her out?
Mad Druggist
Frank Hozeska www.xlibris.com Hardback/Paperback/ E-book $29.99/$19.99/$3.99
Louie gets fired from every drugstore job. He ends up a washed-up (unsuccessful) druggist, and he's ready to give up his fight, until something crazy happens in the final round.
56. A young man failing in his business may find encouragement in_____________.
A. Saving Nia B. Mad Druggist C. Road lo Freedom D. A Woman Endures
【答案】B
【解析】本题问的是一位生意失败的年轻人能够从哪里获得安慰？定位到第四本书Mad Druggist 的简介，
这本书讲述了Louie 也是一位失业人士，原本正打算放弃他的奋斗，一些奇怪的事件发生了，故选B。
56. From the passage we can know that__________ .
A. Eleanor may find her love in a tea plantation
B. Edward enjoys his life in a third world country
C. Nia may inspire another child with her passion
D. Louie becomes unsuccessful in the final round
【答案】A
【解析】定位到第一本书中的 “Eleanor decides to …possibly something more：love”可知Eleanor 会搬到茶园那住，并经营它，她将学会如何种茶，并可能得到更多的东西，如爱情。故A项正确。
B
Be careful of those solid gold pieces of advice. The friend who advises you to, say, stay in your relationship or leave your job may well be looking out for you; but she' s inescapably looking out for herself, too, whether she realises it or not.
Moreover, research suggests that people will generally advise you to act more cautiously than they would act themselves in a similar situation—perhaps because they don't want to feel guilty if you take a daring leap and fall flat on your face.
There's a happy side to this, though, for parents, teachers, managers and anyone else who finds themselves in the position of needing to motivate others: far better than giving them advice is to give them the opportunity to give advice. A new study found that American middle-school pupils were much more enthusiastic about doing their homework after giving advice on the topic to younger children, as compared with after receiving advice from teachers. This motivational effect lasted weeks, and was also observed among adults who were attempting to lose weight, save money, control their temper or find a job. This result isn't all that surprising, I suppose, when you consider how happy it feels to be invited to give advice. Faced with a challenge, we tend to assume we need to seek advice in order to obtain more knowledge about how to give advice; yet the truth, very often, is that we know exactly what we need to do—we just lack the confidence to do it.
This, by the way, is another good reason to keep a journal: you can use it to advise yourself. Your friends may have limited patience with your habit of lecturing them on their lives in order to feel better about your own, but a leather-effect notebook never complains.
Finally, this is a reminder that there are few bigger compliments （恭维）you can pay another person than to ask for their advice. Benjamin Franklin famously observed that to flatter （奉承）someone, it’s better to ask for a favour than to perform one: the favour-doer will come to think of you as the likable sort for whom they do favours.
57. Why should you be careful of those solid gold pieces of advice?
A. They may be practical.
B. They may be rewarding.
C. They may be demanding.
D. They may be conservative.
【题源】
https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2018/nov/23/why-wise-to-give-people-advice-oliver-burkeman
【答案】D
【解析】定位到第二段说研究表明给你建议的人们往往建议你在相同情况下表现得比他们自己更谨慎小心，而这种原因根据 “perhaps they don’t… on your face” 可知，这是因为人们会因为你的大胆尝试而失败的结果对你心怀愧疚，故这种建议通常是保守的，选D。
59.The examples in Paragraph 3 suggest that people giving advice_________.
A. become more motivated to act
B. should turn to others for advice
C. are superior to the professionals
D. usually lack relevant knowledge
【答案】A
【解析】定位到第三段第二行 “far better than giving them advice …advice” 以及举例中学生给年龄小的学生提建议后，中学生自己做作业的热情会比老师给他们提建议的时候高很多。从而可知，给别人提供提建议的机会会比给别人建议来的更有动力，本段最后一句也阐明了，事实上，我们知道自己需要做什么，只是缺乏了信心，故选A。
60. What does the author want to convey by mentioning Benjamin Franklin?
A. Keeping a journal is a good habit.
B. You should be polite to the favour-doers.
C. You should be patient with your listeners.
D. Asking for a favour pleases the favour-doers.
【答案】D
【解析】定位到最后一段第三行可知，请求帮助而不是奉承，会让施恩者认为你是他们喜欢的那种人。选D。
C
The voice of an ancient Egyptian priest has been heard for the first time in more than 3,000 years, thanks to a detailed reconstruction of his vocal tract （声带）from his mummified remains.
A team of scientists in England used medical scans of the famous mummy of Nesyamun to create a digital, 3D model of the insides of the individual's throat and mouth, which were reproduced on a 3D printer. Then the researchers created an artificial larynx （喉头） with a loudspeaker using an electronic waveform. The sound was then played through the speaker into the 3D printed vocal tract to produce a short bust of Nesyamun's voice—a sound not heard since the 11th century B.C.
Previous efforts to reproduce ancient voices could only approximate them, by animating facial reconstructions with software. In comparison, the sound of Nesyamun’s voice is based on "an extant （现存的）vocal tract preserved over 3,000 years," the researchers wrote.
Nesyamun lived around 1100 B.C. He is thought to have died in his late 50s from a severe allergic reaction. Almost 3,000 years later, his mummy was discovered at Karnak and transported to the Leeds City Museum in 1823. His remains and ornate coffin （棺材） have since become some of the world’s best researched relics of ancient Egypt.
"Nesyamun's mummy was a good choice for studying the sound of an ancient voice, said David Howard, the lead author of the new research, "It was particularly suited, given its age and preservation of its soft tissues, which is unusual.”
He said he hopes the scientific understanding of how human voices are created can be combined with knowledge of the ancient Egyptian language to reconstruct longer passages of Nesyamun's speech.
Before examining the mummy, the researchers had to deal with ethical （道德的）concerns related to examining a person without their consent. They used nondestructive research methods, and took into account words on his coffin, relating that Nesyamun hoped again “to address the gods as he had in his working life.”
The researchers interpreted that to indicate his desire to speak again after death. “We are in a way fulfilling his declared wishes,” Howanl said.
Howard and Schofield said they hope a reconstruction of Nesyamun's speech, perhaps reciting an ancient Egyptian prayer, can be featured at the Karnak temple in Egypt for modem tourists.
“When visitors encounter the past, it is usually a visual encounter, said Schofield. “With this voice, we can change that.”
61 . The voice of Nesyamun was recreated by_________.
A. repairing his vocal tract
B. bringing Nesyamun back to life
C. using some advanced technologies
D. combining it with facial movements
【题源】https://www.livescience.com/ancient-egypt-mummy-voice-reconstructed.html
【答案】C
【解析】根据第一段内容可知，通过医学扫描与3D打印技术，重新构建（reconstruct）了木乃伊的声道，使得发出了声响。A，repair 指修复，这里重在强调通过当代先进技术重新制作出了声道；D，与面部特征结合是以往的实验方法。
62. Why was Nesyamun’s mummy suitable for research?
A. He often gave long speeches.
B. His vocal tract is well preserved.
C. A severe disease resulted in his death.
D. His remains are displayed in the museum.
【答案】B
【解析】“suitable”定位到根据第五段“good choice”。可知，这具木乃伊保存良好是使其适合研究的重要原因，选B。A，未提及；C，死因与主题无关；D，与主题无关。
63. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 8 refer to?
A. The researchers took into account words on his coffin.
B. Nesyamun’s mummy was examined without his consent.
C. The researchers hope to reconstruct longer passages of his speech.
D. Nesyamun hoped to address the gods as he had in his working life.
【答案】D
【解析】联系划线词的上文，讲的是研究这具尸体可能存在的道德问题。研究者们采取了不破坏尸体的方法，并考虑了棺材内刻着“to address the gods as he had in his working life”。紧接着的一段，研究者们将“that”解读为死者死后仍想再次发声。因此that 指的就是棺木上这句话，而非他们考虑了棺木上文字的这件事。
64. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. A 3000-year-old mummy speaks again
B. The voice of a mummy excites visitors
C. A 3D-printed vocal tract has been created
D. The dream of Nesyamun has been achieved
【答案】A
【解析】根据文章内容可知，全文主要讲述研究者们通过声道复原让一具木乃伊重新发声。B，尚未投入景点；C，重点不在3D 打印技术；D，dream 其实是研究者们的解读，具有片面性，并且不能很好概括整体内容。
D
Curtis Whitson knew the water fall was coming. He'd rafted down the Arroyo Seco, a river in central California, before. He figured he would hop out of his raft into the shallow water, rappel （绕绳 F 降）down the
rocks on either side of the falls, and continue on his way, as he had on a previous trip.
But this year was different. Heavy snow and spring rains had turned the usually manageable falls into something fierce. And this year, instead of his friends, Whitson's companions were his wife, Krystal Ramirez, and his 13-yea-old son, Hunter.As the three of them approached the falls late in the afternoon of the third day of their camping trip, Whilson could tell from the increasing roar of water in the narrow canyon （峡谷）that they were in serious trouble. There was no way they’d be able to rappel down the rocks as planned.
As he considered what to do, Whitson hit on a bit of luck—he heard voices coming from the other side of the falls. He yelled, but the sound of the rushing water drowned him out.
We have to get these people a message, Whitson thought.
He grabbed a stick and pulled out his pocketknife to carve “Help” in it. Then he tied a rope to it so the people would know it wasn't just any stick. He tried throwing it over the falls, but it floated away in the wrong direction.
Then he spotted his green Nalgene water bottle. Whitson grabbed it and carved “Help!” on it. Ramirez also reminded him that he had a pen and paper, which she'd brought to play games with, in his backpack.
Whitson knew it was a long shot. But he scrawled （草草地写）"We are stuck here at the waterfall. Get help please! ” and pushed the note into the bottle.
This time, his throw over the waterfall was perfect.
“All right, that's all we can do," Whitson told Hunter.
It took 30 minutes to navigate back upstream to the beach where they'd had lunch. They made a fire and laid out a tarp （油布）.As the evening wore on, they placed a headlamp with a flashing light on a ledge （岩石突出部）.By about 10:30 p.m.，they decided they probably weren't going to get rescued that night, so they pulled out their sleeping bags. Before turning in, Ramirez added more wood to the fire to keep the mountain lions away.
Then, just after midnight, they heard a helicopter hovering above them. Whitson turned to his son and started shaking him.
“They're here!” he said.
Whitson ran over to the headlamp and started flashing it at the helicopter. He, Ramirez, and Hunter were waving and hollering when they heard the magic words: “This is Search and Rescue. You have been found.”
The helicopter circled as the pilot looked for a good place to land. Finding none, the crew announced to the campers over the PA system that they would not be rescued until morning and told them to conserve their firewood.
The next morning, the helicopter returned and it was a moment of pure happiness as the three chatted with the
officers who had rescued them. Together, they marveled （惊叹） at the unlikelihood of it all.
When the officers dropped them back at the Arroyo Seco Campground, the family learned more about the long shot events that had saved them: Two men had seen the water bottle in the water. When they picked it up, they noticed the writing on it—“Help!”. Then they realized there was a note inside. After they read it, they hightailed it to the campground, turned the bottle in, and took off without leaving their names.
A few days after news of the rescue broke, one of the hikers contacted Whitson. That’s when he learned the rest of the story. There were actually two little girts hiking with the men that day. It was the girls who first spotted the bottle and swam to get it . Whitson is planning on having a big barbecue to meet the hikers—and thank them.
“I imagine it's going to be one of the greatest moments of my life,” he says.
63. How was Whitson's this-year trip different from his previous trip?
A. It involved more people.
B. It presented more threats.
C. It included more activities.
D. It progressed more steadily.
【题源】https://www.rd.com/true-stories/survival/rescue-in-a-bottle/
【答案】B
【解析】今年的旅行被困瀑布，显然是多出了许多危险。A，只是说了以往是和朋友，而今年与妻儿一起，不确定以往人数；C，未提及具体有哪些活动；D，今年天气恶劣/被困瀑布，显然不够顺利。
64. Which of Whitson's attempted approaches worked?
A. Throwing a stick tied with a rope.
B. Yelling to the people across the fall.
C. Using an SOS bottle to send messages.
D. Bringing a pen and paper to play games.
【答案】C
【解析】根据最后两端信息可知，是瀑布另一端的徒步者注意到了他抛出的瓶子，并获得求救信息。
65. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 7 mean?
A. It was a wild attempt.
B. It was a great danger.
C. It was a fantastic idea.
A. It was a real inspiration.
【答案】A
【解析】画线句后面说“But he scrawled”，可知这么做成功的可能性不大，但他还是写这么做了。因此选A，这可能是一次疯狂的尝试。
63. Why did Whitson place a headlamp with a flashing light on a ledge?
A. To enable his family to fall fast asleep.
B. To frighten the mountain animals away.
C. To increase the chance of being rescued.
D. To keep warm at night in the deep mountain.
【答案】C
【解析】根据该段内容，这家人一共做了四件事，生火+加火，铺油布，把头灯放在岩石上，铺睡袋。没有明确说明头灯的作用，可以先使用排除法删去A，B与D选项应该是生火的作用，并且在下文可以看到当直升机经过时用手电筒向上照，便于直升机发现。因此可知选C。
64. Why did the crew delay rescuing till the next morning?
A. They were running out of oil.
B. They conserved little firewood.
C. They found no place to land safe.
D. They were caught in a snowstorm.
【答案】C
【解析】根据文中内容可知，第一次发现这家人时因为天太黑，找不到适合的降落点。因此选C。
70. Who picked up the bottle from the water?
A. Two little girls.
B. Two men hikers.
C. A helicopter pilot.
D. The officers on duty.
【答案】A
【解析】根据倒数第二段内容，可知是女孩们先发现瓶子。选A。
第四部分 任务型阅读（共10小题;每小题I分，満分10分）
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当 的单词。
注意：每个空格只壊1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应題号的横线上。
Everyone knows bullying （霸凌）is a huge problem, and we all need to work to stop it. But how? The science is unclear. While school districts across the country spend millions of dollars each year to stop bullying, not all anti-bullying programs work equally—and common approaches, it turns out, don't work very well at all.
Many schools simply handle bullying by hosting an anti-bullying assembly. While that might be a good start, experts agree that an annual address does little. "We can't teach math overnight, Catherine Bradshaw said, “It is not a skill you can learn in an hour. That is the whole issue with social emotional learning.”
When schools only host an assembly it sends the message to students that bullying isn't important. That might mean students don’t seek help when they are being bullied or see a classmate being bullied. Bullying is a complex phenomenon. There are many reasons why children bully, why kids may be targeted. An approach needs to be comprehensive and touch all the risk factors and really can't be seen as a short-term solution.
Another common strategy is to encourage the bully and victim to talk through the problem and promise to be nice to each other. While it sounds lovely, in theory, the result normally contradicts the original intention.
A bullying prevention that’s integrated （融合）throughout the curriculum makes a difference. Heather Wellman, a seventh grade English language teacher, in Pueblo, Colorado, has used novels to explore social and emotional learning concepts around bullying. When her seventh grade students read Animal Farm they looked at whether Squealer was a good friend, which ties in with the anti-bullying and mental health program Sources of Strength that her school uses. Using fictional characters helps students better identify negative characteristics that might lead to bullying, while better understanding the books.
Sources of Strength encourages students to use positive things in their lives, such as helpful adult mentors （导师）or healthy activities, to address bullying. For example, the program helps children identify those strong people in their lives so they know where to turn if they do face problems.
Another strategy proven to reduce bullying: teaching social-emotional learning. This helps students better learn how to wrestle with their feelings in a positive way instead of taking it out on others. “They know what to do when they are bullied and develop skills with social and emotional learning so they can regulate their own emotions,” Bradshaw said.
Experts agree that any anti-bullying program is only as strong as a school's commitment to it. To get results,
you have to put in the time.
Passage outline
Supporting details
A tough problem
Bullying in school is hard to deal with, and not all anti-bullying programs are (71) ▲ .
(72) ▲ approaches
Hosting an anti-bullying assembly might be a good start, which, however, will (73) ▲ students from seeking help in the bullying. So the short-term approach makes little (74) ▲.
Encouraging the bully and victim to understand the problem and promise to reach a(n) (75) ▲ sounds reasonable, but may have a(n) (76)▲ effect.
Integrated approaches
By better understanding novels students can (77)▲ negative features which may be the (78) ▲ of bullying.
A school program makes students clear about what or who they can (79)▲ on to address bullying.
Teaching social-emotional learning helps reduce bullying.
Summary
Anti-bullying programs and schools’(80) ▲ of time and energy can jointly produce ideal results.
【题源】https://www.today.com/parents/how-stop-bullying-schools-what-works-what-doesn-t-t159669
71.【答案】effective
【解析】理解概括题。结合第一段在说不是所有的反霸凌项目都能正常的运作，也就是无效的，故填 effective。
72. 【答案】Common/ Ineffective
【解析】理解概括。结合前三段加上第四段出现了common 在说这些方法比较普遍但是也无效，故填Common/Ineffective。
73. 【答案】discourage/block/prevent/stop/ keep
【解析】理解概括，也考察固定搭配。第三段第二行...students don’t seek help when they are being bullied... 这种方式会使得学生被霸凌后不再求救，discourage/block/prevent/stop/keep/prevent from doing...使某人远离/不做...故填discourage/block/prevent/stop/keep/prevent。
74. 【答案】difference/ sense
【解析】理解概括，也考察固定搭配。结合第二段在说这种方法收效甚微或者不合理，故填difference/sense。
72. 【答案】accommodation/ compromise/ agreement
【解析】第四段第一句...the bully and victim talk through the problem and promise to...让施暴者和受害者谈话并且承诺互相友善对待， 也可以说是一种退让， 妥协，故填accommodation/compromise/agreement。76. 【答案】opposite/ contradictory
【解析】第四段最后...the result normally contradicts the original intention...结果可能和初衷是矛盾的，也就是矛盾的结果 ，动词转形容词，opposite 也可，故填contradictory/opposite/contrary。
77. 【答案】identify/ discover/ see
【解析】第五段倒数第二行...better identify negative characteristics that might leadto bullying...，读小说让学生更好的识别、发现导致霸凌的特点元素，故填identify/see/discover。
78. 【答案】cause(s)/ source(s)
【解析】定位句同上题，导致霸凌的元素也就是原因或者来源，题干是of，故填cause(s)/source(s)。
79. 【答案】depend/ rely/ count/ calculate
【解析】理解概括题，也考察固定搭配。结合第六段在说，学生知道要去依靠谁的帮助来解决霸凌，故填depend/rely/count/calculate。 depend/rely/count/calculate on...to...依靠某人做某事。
80. 【答案】commitment/ devotion/ dedication
【解析】原词重现。最后一段在说需要学校在时间和精力上的付出才能取得理想结果，故填commitment/devotion/dedication。
第五部分 书面表达（满分25分）
81.请阅读下面文字及图表，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
Mandarin (普通话)is the common language in China, but each region has its own dialect (方言). For travelers, a familiar accent can refresh the memory of their hometown.
According to an official video by the Chinese Education Ministry's Language Commission, among the more than 130 languages spoken in China, 68 of them are spoken by less than 10,000 people; and 25 by under 1,000.
Hu Shuning, a dialect preservationist, said, “I think it is natural with a society’s development that a dominant language appears, but from a cultural aspect I think dialects are still important, because they reflect cultural diversity.”
“Mandarin can take you further, but your dialect tells you where you come from,” said Wang Han, a well-known TV host.
【题源】http://europe.chinadaily.com.cn/a/201810/05/WS5bb6f82fa310eff303280c5b.html
【答案】官方范文
One possible version:
In the face of the growing influence of mandarin, dialects are losing ground gradually. A survey reveals that younger people are more likely to be incapable of speaking their dialects.
Mandarin is crucial for China’s development in politics, economy and culture, but the significance of local dialects is undeniable. Actually, not only are dialects communication tools, but they also play a very important role in cultural heritage. Besides, it is dialects that contribute to the diversity of cultures in different regions.
Therefore, it is high time that dialects preserving intangible should be protected so that they can be heard for the generations to come. Cultural activities can be organized in schools and neighborhoods to enhance people’s awareness of dialect protection. Live tutorials and salons on how to speak the language can also be given online.
What’s more, local people are encouraged to write history books and compile textbooks and dictionaries in dialects.
【解析1】
第一段
图文结合的模式，文字的信息有三点
1. dialect can refresh the memory of our hometown.
2. However, dialects are dying.
3. Experts warn dialects are important as to cultural diversity and your identity.
图的信息有一点：
Most senior citizens can speak dialects; however, the number decline with age.
所以，30 个字概括就出来了。
Dialects, a symbol of cultural diversity, reflect the speakers’ origin and identity. However, they are being pushed to extinction by dominant Mandarin, with most senior citizens being proficient whereas many youngsters struck dumb. (33 words)
第二段
保护方言的重要性，同样分两方面展开。1、方言对于说方言的人的重要性 2. 对于传承文化的重要性，3、没有这个方言，会有什么后果产生。
以下作文讲义，有点儿多，但是是为了大家能够暴露在更多的语料库之中，遇到真实的考试，只会选取其中1-2 个要点。
Preserving dialects are of paramount importance. Firstly, it is never exaggerating to say that dialects are carriers of the local culture. The extinction of a dialect means cultures varying from poets, songs, proses, dramas and folklores will be gone with it. What a tragic loss because these intangible treasures will perish from the earth, together with their ideologies and philosophies!
Secondly, dialects act as a natural bond to connect with local people. Just imagine, two expats from the same place meet each other in an exotic land. What a magic bond the dialect will act if they talk about their life, including their familiar landmark, the interesting anecdotes and stories in their hometown. Who cares others don’t understand what they are talking about? It is the dialects that bond, connect and unite two lonely souls in a foreign land.
Thirdly, dialects are closely connected with our roots. What kind of language you speak reflect who you
are, where you are from and to which family line you belong. Suppose we all speak Mandarin or English, there would be no difference between us and we lose our uniqueness or root.
Without knowing who we are, where we are from, we are like a wandering grass without a sense of place. By comparison, dialects tell us our roots and caress us when our deepest longings for our ancestry or family line beckon our soul. （232 words）
第三段
如何保护方言，分情况讨论，
1.政府应该设置专门的方言保护司或者局，采集濒临灭亡的方言的语料库，或者以磁带，文字，音频文件（比如mp3 和mp4 的形式记录）的形式记录。
2.学校应该开设专门的方言课，配置最好的老师，而且从低年级就开始教授。
3. 文化局应该定期举行方言比赛（比如苏州每年都有三话比赛，普通话，苏州话和英语），可以以古典话剧，曲目（比如昆曲，黄梅戏，花鼓戏）等形式，让学生们表演出来。
4. 家长（包括爷爷、奶奶、爸爸、妈妈）不应该向孩子传达，方言是落后的标志，相反，他们应该传达，方言象征着地域特色和优秀的文化传统，值得传承，平时在家里多和孩子进行方言对话，而且统一口径，比如大家统一说方言，孩子耳濡目染，自然会慢慢学会说。
To preserve dialects, firstly, parents should talk to their kids at home by using their hometown language
rather than Mandarin so that a stimulating language atmosphere can be set. Secondly, the school can open dialects courses, appoint the most distinguished tutor and diversify teaching activities. For instance, crosstalk, dramas or operas can all act as perfect carriers of dialects. Lastly, highly endangered dialects can be recorded by audio or words so that they can be stored in specialized museums for future reference. (82 words)
【解析2】
概要：
三个要点：
1.说方言的人越来越少，尤其是年轻人
2.普通话占主导
3.人们的看法（对方言的地位的肯定和担忧）
还是属于：事实+评价 的模式
在写作上，采用it句型和with结构：
It is natural for Mandarin to take a leading role in China, but with the decreasing number of younger people
speaking dialects, how to treat dialects has raised people’s concern. （31 wds)
正文：
要点一：说明保护方言的重要性：
1.方言是当地文化的载体，是研究当地历史的窗口（两个比喻：carrier, window)
2.方言是沟通的桥梁（比喻：glue, bridge,用举例法）
We cannot afford to lose dialects despite the overwhelming power of Mandarin. First, dialects are the carrier of the local culture, offering a new window on the local history. Besides, dialects are not only tools to communicate, but also the glue to bridge the emotional and cultural gap. For example, Huangmei Opera, characterized by Anqing dialect, can inspire the feeling of self-belonging among speakers.
要点二：如何保护
1.重视方言教育
2.重视方言方面的书和词典的编撰
注意这些隐喻：be key to; sow the seeds; cultural card(文化名片）
Undoubtedly, protecting dialects should be high on agenda. First, dialect education is key to instilling into the young the passion for dialects and sowing the seeds of dialect promotion. Second, virtual and physical resources about dialects deserve investing in. In conclusion, since dialects are the indispensable forces in thriving Chinese culture, it is truly worth our efforts to protect the charming cultural cards. (157 words)
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