英语 答案.pdf

2020 届高三 适应性训练 1 英语 本试题卷分为听力、阅读理解、语言知识运用和写作四个部分，共 14 页。时量 120 分钟。 满分 150 分。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案 转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最 佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话 仅读一遍。 例： How much is the shirt? A．￡19.15. B．￡9.18. C．￡9.15. 答案是 C。 (A)1. What will the man do next? A. Give Sam a call. B. Find an expert. C. Buy a computer. (B)2. What does the woman want to be now? A. A singer. B. A doctor. C. A teacher. (C)3. How will Sophie spend her weekend? A. Doing her job. B. Staying at home. C. Visiting her friend. (A)4. Where did the woman buy her shoes? A. In a store. B. In a supermarket. C. On the Internet. (C)5. What's the relationship between the speakers? A. Friends. B. Salesman and customer. C. Boss and employee. 第二节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个 选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听 完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 (A)6. Who did the man go on holiday with? A. His parents. B. His friends. C. His relatives. (C)7. Where didn't the man go? A. Edinburgh. B. St. Andrews. C. Highlands. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 (C)8. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In an office. B. In a school. C. At a bank. (B)9. What does the woman do at last? A. Check her account. B. Open a savings account. C. Open a checking account. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 (C)10. What did the man drink? A. Tea. B. Juice. C. Cola. (A)11. What was the cause of the man’s problem? A. He ate too much. B. He needed exercise. C. He didn't sleep well. (C)12. How often should the man take the pills a day? A. Once. B. Twice. C. Three times. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 (A)13. What is William doing at the beginning of the conversation? A. Reading a book. B. Watching a video. C. Looking at Facebook. (C)14. What are the speakers discussing? A. Why Steve Jobs started his company. B. How Steve Jobs felt about his company. C. How the name the Apple Computer came from. (B)15. How many reasons does Tammy mention? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. (C)16. What did Steve Jobs think of the company name? A. He thought the name was funny. B. He thought the name was too simple. C. He thought the name represented his company well. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 (B)17. What did Ulysses S. Grant do for Yellowstone National Park? A. He gave it a name. B. He signed a law to protect it. C. He made it larger than before. (B)18. What activity is popular in Yellowstone? A. Rock climbing. B. Camping. C. Fishing. (A)19. In what state is the main attraction located? A. Wyoming. B. Montana. C. Idaho. (C)20. What is located under Yellowstone Lake? A. Colorful rocks. B. Green mountains. C. A volcano. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Christmas may be the time of year for giving and spending time with loved ones, but not everyone feels an overwhelming sense of joy when festivities begin. Thousands of Reddit users have revealed the things they hate about Christmas. PETER: It causes a heavy financial burden. “Having to spend a substantial(大量的，实质的) amount of money on family members. I have to buy gifts for my grandparents, my parents, my siblings, my wife's parents and her siblings, the dogs...and one cousin, because we do Secret Santa amongst the cousins. I love Christmas, but it costs me too much！” MCCAIN: Exams ruin everything. “In the UK we have our exams in January so that your Christmas holiday can be used to study. I didn't have an enjoyable break until I finished university.” SUSAN: Awkward family gatherings. “Having everyone point out that I'm still single at family gatherings as if I'm unaware.” JANET: Choosing presents. “I don't really want items anymore, so I don't expect anything on Christmas, but I am expected to give gifts, but I usually just don't know what to give.” ELIZABATH: Shopping hell. “ I hate the way people act when shopping for Christmas. It's almost like Black Friday every weekend at the big stores.” JACKSON: Feeling like you have to buy presents. “The pressure of buying gifts. Can't we just enjoy each other's company without comparing who bought the better stuff？” Mr Green: Christmas jingles. “I pretty much can't stand most Christmas music.” Prof Smith: It's too commercial. “The commercialization of it. Even as an atheist(无神论者), I think the Christ part has been taken out of it.” Dr Martin: Putting up decorations too early. “People put up Christmas decorations way before Christmas.” CAROL: The office Christmas party. “My office Christmas party. We have to pay to go and it's so boring. Saying that you don't want to attend is like pulling teeth.” (C)21. Who is possibly forced into a marriage? A. Dr Martin. B. JACKSON. C. SUSAN. D. PETER. 【解析】从文中 SUSAN 所讲的话：“Having everyone point out that I'm still single at family gatherings as if I'm unaware.”我们得知选项 C 正确。 (D)22. What do JACKSON and JANET have in common? A. They hate to spend much money on Christmas gifts. B. They have to give gifts to everyone in the family. C. They are happy to compare gifts while purchasing. D. They are faced with the problems caused by gift giving. 【解析】从文中我们得知 JANET 不知道送什么礼物，以及 JACKSON 对人们比较谁买 的礼物好感到十分烦恼，我们可以推出他们两位都因为礼物带来的问题而困扰。故答案选 D。 (A)23. What do we know from the passage? A. Exams follow the Christmas holiday in Britain. B. Christmas music makes too much noise. C. People are clear about what Christmas gifts to buy. D. Colleagues enjoy their office Christmas parties a lot. 【解析】从 MCCAIN 的说话中我们得知在英国 1 月份是考试时间，而圣诞节是 12 月 25 日，那么选项 A 正确。 B A girl, who made headlines around the world when she survived almost two weeks alone in the Siberian wilderness, has won a Russian children's beauty contest for her bravery. Karina Chikitova, who clung(抱着) on to her loyal puppy, fought to stay alive in a forest full of brown bears and wolves.The promising ballerina celebrates her 10th birthday on Boxing Day and has already won the Mini Miss Yakutia contest. In August 2014 she was found after a dozen days and nights lost in the remote taiga, sleeping on a bed of long grass and eating wild berries to stay alive. Karina had followed her father into the woods but he had no idea she was trailing him. Then just four years old, she hugged her puppy Naida for warmth in the shivering(颤抖的) cold before the dog found its way home to a remote village, urging rescuers not to give up, and to go and find the little girl. Karina's trial was seen as so remarkable that a statue was erected(竖起) of her and the dog in regional capital Yakutsk. A popular children's book was also written about her, and her fame as a Mowgli seems to have led this remote village girl to amazing new opportunities. Karina was “excited” after she easily won the Mini Miss contest in a social media poll for her rare experience when she was little, making her a young ambassador for Yakutia, Russia's diamond region, the coldest inhabited place in the world.She is seen as a promising ballerina, already studying full time in Yakutsk, some 350 miles from her home. “I want to become a ballerina and dance Swan Lake，” she said.“I have also learned how to play the piano.” Bilingual Karina is doing well at school, where she has a talent for maths, and is learning English to add to her fluent Yakut and Russian.When she was found, her rescuer said: “She was sitting deep in grass, completely silent.I didn't actually notice her.She saw me and stretched her arms forward. I picked her up. She was dead scared.” Later Karina said: “It was Naida who rescued me. I was really scared. But when we were going to sleep I hugged her, and together we were warm.” (A)24. How did the girl get lost in the wildness? A. She traced her father there but he was not aware of it. B. She was forgotten there by her careless father. C. She followed her little dog and lost the way. D. She loved running around and got lost. 【解析】根据文章第二段第二句话可知：小女孩跟着爸爸进了小树林，可是爸爸并不知道女儿跟着来了。B.被粗心的父亲遗忘了。C.她跟随小狗而迷路。D.她喜欢乱跑而迷了路。B、 C、D 都与原文不符合。 (C)25. Why did the girl win the Children's beauty contest? A. Her exceptional talent in ballet dancing. B. Her whole•hearted devotion to academic performance. C. Her inspiring survival in the wildness. D. Her impressive charm and prettiness. 【解析】根据文章第一段第一句话：...has won a Russian children's beauty contest for her bravery.以及第三段第三句 Karina...won the Mini Miss contest in a social media poll for her rare experience 可知，主要是因为 Karina 小时候的经历和她勇敢的精神，为她获得了高人气。与 答案 C 最相符：她在野外幸存的鼓舞人心的经历使她赢得了比赛。A.芭蕾舞方面的杰出才华。 B.她在学业方面的全心投入。D.她令人印象深刻的魅力和美丽。 (A)26. What can we infer from Paragraph 3? A. Karina was highly thought of by the public. B. A best•seller became Karina’s favorite. C. A statue was built in honor of Karina’s hometown. D. A handsome amount of money was awarded to Karina. 【解析】根据文章第三段可知，答案为 A.大家都高度赞扬小姑娘。B.一本畅销书成了 Karina 的最爱。C.为了纪念 Karina 的家乡建造了一个雕塑。D. 一笔可观的奖金颁发给了小 姑娘。B、C、D 均与第三段的前三句不符合，应该是：人们竖起了雕塑，为了纪念 Karina 和她的小狗，并且一本以她为原型而创作的书也大卖。 (D)27. Which words can best describe this girl? A. Courageous and hesitant. B. Confident and honest. C. Arrogant and fortunate. D. Diligent and ambitious. 【解析】从文章最后一段前三句可知，小女孩想成为芭蕾舞女演员，并且在努力学习钢 琴、数学和英语。可见，小姑娘是勤奋的、有抱负的。A.勇敢的和迟疑的。B.自信的和诚实 的。C. 傲慢的和幸运的。A、B、C 选项均不合适。 C Connie Monroe clicks a button, turns her wrist and watches as her neighborhood floods. The reed•covered shorelines are first to go. Then, the baseball fields at Fleming Park. By the time seawater reaches the senior center, it has covered streets, flooding more than a dozen complexes that she can see. Monroe moves her head up and down, side to side, taking in the simulated(模拟的) view. This is what could happen to Turner Station, a historic African American community, as sea levels rise. “Everything's underwater. The school is underwater. Our house is underwater，” Monroe says. A frown(皱眉) forms below the virtual reality headset. “Is the water really supposed to get that high？” Climate change presents many challenges to coastal communities, but one of the most worrisome problems is: how do you show people—and convince them—of a possible future? “It's one thing to hear or read the news that sea levels could rise as high as 7 feet in Maryland by the end of the century under worst•case situations, but it's another to imagine what that will look like in your own backyard，” says Jackie Specht, the coastal science program manager. “And if it's hard to imagine, it's hard to face and prioritize.” Communicating the realness and immediacy of the climate threat is important to climate researchers and those aiming to prevent its causes. But it's also paramount to communities faced with coming changes that are already unavoidable. Climate projects need public support and input. That's why Monroe and other residents at this recent community meeting are being directed to sit in metal chairs, put on virtual reality headsets and watch their homes flood. Virtual reality is an immersive(沉浸式的) experience that can trick the human brain into thinking it's real. But tricking people is not the goal of the sea level rise simulation being used at Turner Station, says Juliano Calil, one of the program's developers. The goal, he says, “is to help folks visualize the impacts of climate change and the solutions, and also discuss the__trade•off between them.” (D)28. What would you see in Turner Station as sea levels rise? A. Shorelines covered by reeds. B. Baseball fields used as parks. C. Streets blocked with bricks. D. Buildings drowned in water. 【解析】根据第四段“Everything's underwater. The school is underwater. Our house is underwater，”可知当海平面上升的时候，Turner Station 的建筑都将被淹没在水中。 (B)29. What does Jackie Specht suggest in Paragraph 6? A. People are relatively safer in their backyards. B. People don't feel on the scene through the news. C. The severity of disaster is beyond imagination. D. The sea level is bound to rise 7 feet in Maryland. 【解析】根据第六段 Jackie Specht 的话“It's one thing to hear or read the news..., but it's another to imagine what that will look like in your own backyard，”可知，他认为在新闻上听到 或看到关于海平面上升的报道是一码事，想象自家后院将遭受的影响是另外一码事。新闻并 不能给居民一种身临其境的感觉，因此导致人们缺乏紧迫感。 (B)30. Why is the virtual reality experience provided in the community meeting? A. To prove climate threat. B. To seek public backing. C. To help scientific research. D. To introduce VR technology. 【解析】根据倒数第三段“Climate projects need public support and input. That's why Monroe and other residents...”可知之所以在社区提供 VR 体验，是因为需要公众的支持。 (A)31. Which of the following best explains the underlined words “the trade•off” in the last paragraph? A. The balance. B. The conflict. C. The business. D. The similarity. 【解析】根据最后一段可知“the__trade•off between them”中的 them 指的是 the impacts of climate change 和 the solutions。联系上下文，可以推断应该是在气候变化的影响和解决方 案之间进行权衡。 D From talking robots to driverless vehicles, technology has become so advanced that the previously impossible seems to occur on a daily basis. And yet—we still have no cure for the common cold. Why can't we stop the common cold? According to Peter Barlow, a scientist at Edinburgh Napier University, the main challenge lies in the many different types of cold viruses that belong to the rhinoviruses(鼻病毒). There are at least 160 types. They mutate(突变) so easily that they quickly become resistant to drugs, or learn to hide from our immune systems. In other words, a single cure isn't likely to work on every type of cold. However, researchers from Stanford University and the University of California, San Francisco, have found a possible answer. They discovered a protein(蛋白质) that the viruses need. All the viruses were unable to replicate(复制) inside cells without a gene that produces a specific protein called SETD3. To identify the gene which produces the specific protein, researchers used a gene•editing technique to test all genes in the human genome(基因组). Namely, they randomly disabled a single gene in each of the cells, so that the cells lacked one or another of every gene in our genome. These genetically modified cells were then exposed to the rhinoviruses, which cause the common cold. The team then looked at which gene was missing in cells that continued to grow. As it turned out, the one that stood out was SETD3, which makes a protein of the same name. Carette said the plan is to find a drug which can temporarily disable the protein, instead of producing genetically modified humans. “We have identified a fantastic target that all rhinoviruses require and depend on. Take that away and the virus really has no chance，” said Carette. (B)32. Which does Peter Barlow think is a problem for fighting the common cold? A. The poor immunity of patients. B. The large variety of viruses. C. The lack of enough cures. D. The side effects of drugs. 【解析】根据第二段第二句“the main challenge lies in the many different types of cold viruses that belong to the rhinoviruses(鼻病毒)”可知选 B。 (C)33. What do we know about the gene•editing study in Paragraph 4? A. All genetically modified cells survived. B. Some genes in our genome were ignored. C. It located the gene responsible for SETD3. D. It exposed the harm of the rhinoviruses. 【解析】根据第四段第一句“To identify the gene which produces the specific protein”可知该 研究的目的是鉴定到底是哪个人类基因负责蛋白质 SETD3 的生产。再结合本段最后一句话 “As it turned out, the one that stood out was SETD3, which makes a protein of the same name.”可 知是研究结果。故选 C。 (D)34. How should we stay away from the common cold according to Carette? A. Apply gene•editing to human genes. B. Avoid contacts with colds patients. C. Prevent cold viruses from mutating. D. Develop a drug to switch off SETD3. 【解析】根据最后一段第一句“Carette said the plan is to find a drug which can temporarily disable the protein, instead of producing genetically modified humans.”可知 D 正确，且 A 错误。 注：本句中“disable”意为“使无效，使不能运转”。 (A)35. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Potential defense found for cold viruses B. Secrets behind the human genes C. Real causes of the common cold D. Puzzles over rhinoviruses solved 【解析】根据第三段“researchers...have found a possible answer”可知，本文呈现了一项有 望成功的研究发现，即针对感冒的可能对策。故选 A。 第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。 A new device is helping those who are blind to see. It does this in a new way by helping them experience the world around them. The technology is called Orion, manufactured by a company called Second Sight. 36.__D__ From being able to see absolutely nothing to suddenly seeing little flickers of light, the blind can move around alone, telling where a doorway is and where the sidewalk begins or ends. 37．__B__ One is a small device placed in the brain. There is also a video camera on sunglasses and a processing device carried in a person's clothes. When the user points the camera, a signal goes to the processor and then back to the glasses. The glasses then communicate wirelessly with the device in the brain. The information causes a pattern to develop in the part of the brain called the visual cortex(皮质). 38.__F__ And it all happens in seconds. Jason Esterhuizen is one of just two people in the U．S. testing this technology. He lost his eyesight after a car accident. He never thought he would be able to see light or movement again. But with the movement of a switch, his world suddenly grows brighter. 39.__E__For example, it is easier and safer for him to cross the road because he can look down and just follow the white line that's painted on the road. Researchers believe that one day this technology could benefit people who have lost their vision because of illnesses like glaucoma(青光眼) or diabetes. 40.__A__ A. It may also help those with poor vision or who were born blind. B. The new technology generally uses several parts. C. He is amazed to have the functional vision again. D. It is meant to help these people regain some independence. E. He can do everyday activities that he once could not. F. In this way, users detect movements and shapes of light. G. It basically performs the functions of what the eye normally does. 【语篇导读】文章主要介绍一款新的技术设备，它可以使盲人重获光明。 36．空前一句介绍的是这种技术的名称，空后句解释说明有了这项技术盲人日常中可以 独立完成的事情。空后句中“...the blind can move around alone”呼应选项中“regain some independence”。 因此 D 项“它的目的是帮助这些人重新获得一些独立”符合语境。 37．空处为该段落的主旨句。根据空后“One is a small device placed in the brain. There is also a video camera on sunglasses and a processing device carried in a person's clothes.”这两句可 知，这里介绍的是这项设备的组成部分。之后详细介绍运行的步骤。因此 B 项“这项新技术 大体使用几个部分”符合语境。 38．这段主要介绍这种技术设备是如何运转的。结合空前讲述的详细的运行步骤可知， 这里应该顺应前面所描述的。 F 选项“In this way, users detect movements and shapes of light.”(通过这种方式，使用者可以检测到移动和光影。)正好符合运行的结果表述，符合语境。 39．空前“But with the movement of a switch, his world suddenly grows brighter.”可知因为有 了这项技术，Esterhuizen 的世界变得更明亮了。空后句举例说明，现在他过马路更方便也更 安全。因此，E 选项“He can do everyday activities that he once could not.”(他可以做以前不能做的日常活动。)承接上句，后句的 to cross the road 也属于 everyday activities 的范畴。符合语 境。 40．这段讲的是研究者们认为这项技术在未来会给人们带来的益处。空前句讲的是这项 技术未来可以使那些因为青光眼或者糖尿病失去视力的人受益。接下来应谈论另外的好处。 选项 A“It may also help those with poor vision or who were born blind.”提到了这项技术也会帮 助视力差或天生就是盲人的那些人，与前句属于递进关系，符合语境。 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分 45 分) 第一节 (共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处 的最佳选项。 The term “the imaginary audience” was invented by American child psychologist David Elkind in 1967. It is defined as a psychological state in an adolescent, __41__ by the belief that people around are eagerly watching or listening to him or her. This is because __42__ are aware of the physical changes __43__ in their bodies. And they are __44__ concerned with how everyone is __45__ these changes. The __46__ of the imaginary audience are common. Teens would repeatedly change their clothes to look __47__ to others. Or they would follow different ongoing __48__ that may help them fit into society. If wearing checkered shirts and jeans is the current fashion, teens would __49__ like that just to give a good __50__ on their imaginary audiences. Teens also worry about the __51__ mistakes they make in social settings. A blackhead could make an adolescent girl __52__ all day as she feels that she is being watched and __53__. __54__， in reality, there are only a small percentage of people who are actually interested in how somebody else __55__． Though “the imaginary audience” is considered to be a __56__， it is a natural process in which an adolescent tries to develop a better understanding of his or her __57__ with the world. As an individual's perception(理解) of the world __58__， he or she will gain more __59__ viewpoints on his or her roles among people, rather than imaginary ones. Thus, the effects of imaginary audiences will gradually __60__． (D)41. A. misled B. held C. driven D. represented 【解析】考查动词。本句是“假想观众”的定义，其主要特征是认为周围的人热切地关 注他或她。“represent”语义为“体现”，相对应“be typical of”。 (B)42. A. adults B. teenagers C. elders D. professors 【解析】考查名词。本句讲述此心理状态的原因，即青少年意识到他们身体内发生的变 化。 (A)43. A. occurring B. fighting C. hiding D. meeting 【解析】考查动词。见上一题。 (C)44. A. suddenly B. gradually C. strongly D. randomly 【解析】考查副词。本句继续讲述原因，即青少年强烈地关注所有人是如何看待这些身 体变化的。 (A)45. A. viewing B. facing C. accepting D. making 【解析】考查动词。见上一题。 (C)46. A. causes B. requirements C. examples D. results 【解析】考查名词。本段介绍了“假想观众”存在的例子。 (D)47. A. elegant B. plain C. sweet D. smart 【解析】考查形容词。根据本句“Teens would repeatedly change their clothes”以及语境可 知，青少年勤换衣服是为了看起来“smart 衣着讲究的”。 (B)48. A. events B. trends C. tips D. principles 【解析】考查名词。本句仍旧是说明青少年关注穿着：青少年还会跟随不同的潮流以融 入社会。 (A)49. A. dress B. behave C. talk D. live 【解析】考查动词。根据前一句以及空格前的“If wearing checkered shirts and jeans is the current fashion”可知，为了给“假想观众”留下好的印象，青少年会那样穿着。此处 dress 为 最佳选项。 (C)50. A. comment B. assessment C. impression D. instruction 【解析】考查名词。见上一题。 (D)51. A. strangest B. biggest C. fastest D. slightest 【解析】考查形容词。“假想观众”存在的另一个例子：青少年担心他们在社交场合中 犯的最轻微的过失。 (C)52. A. wonder B. relax C. sweat D. laugh 【解析】考查动词。本句是前一句的细节支撑句。一个黑头就能让一个青春期女生担心 一整天，因为她总感觉她在被人关注以及评价着。“sweat”语义为“担心、焦虑、不安”。 (A)53. A. judged B. refused C. attracted D. reported 【解析】考查动词。见上一题。 (B)54. A. Therefore B. However C. Moreover D. Instead 【解析】考查副词。根据前后的逻辑可知。 (D)55. A. sounds B. feels C. smells D. looks 【解析】考查动词。根据上下文语义可知，只有小部分人真正对他人看起来怎样感兴趣。 (A)56. A. disorder B. relief C. pity D. blessing 【解析】考查名词。从后文的“it is a natural process”可知，尽管“假想观众”被认为是一 种“disorder 疾病”。 (B)57. A. competition B. association C. comparison D. satisfaction 【解析】考查名词。在这个过程中，青少年能更好地理解他或她和世界的关系“association”。 (D)58. A. reduces B. shows C. works D. matures 【解析】考查动词。随着个体对世界的理解的成熟，他或她对自己在人群里的角色将获 得更切合实际的看法。“mature”为动词。 (C)59. A. narrow B. permanent C. realistic D. personal 【解析】考查形容词。见上一题。 (B)60. A. run out B. fade away C. set in D. come back 【解析】考查动词短语。根据语境可知，“假想观众”的影响会逐渐消退。 第二节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Program for International Student Assessment(PISA), first conducted in 2000, 61.__is__(be) an international assessment hosted by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development(OECD) which measures 15•year•old students' reading, mathematics, and science literacy every three years.The latest 2018 PISA found 62.__that__ 15•year•olds in Beijing, Shanghai and the provinces of Jiangsu and Zhejiang(B•S•J•Z) ranked No.1 in all three core subjects. 63 ． __They__ were followed by students from Singapore and China's two special administrative regions—Macao and Hong Kong. The top OECD countries were Estonia, Canada, Finland and Ireland. The OECD's PISA 2018 64.__tested__ (test) around 600，000 15•year•old students in 79 countries and regions on reading, science, and mathematics. The main focus was on reading, with most students doing the test on computers. In B•S•J•Z, socio•economically 65.__advantaged__(advantage) students outperformed disadvantaged students in reading 66.__by__ 82 score points in PISA 2018. This is not 67.__significantly__ (significant) different from the average difference between the two groups (89 score points) across OECD countries. School principals in B•S•J•Z reported more staff 68.__shortage__(short) and less material deficiency than the OECD average. In almost every education system, girls expressed greater fear of failure than boys, and this gender gap was considerably 69.__wider__(wide)amongst top•performing students. In B•S•J•Z, students spent 31.8 hours in the classroom on average, 70.__ranking__ (rank) fourth among all 79 countries and regions. The learning efficiency of students in B•S•J•Z ranked 44th, 46th and 54th for reading, math and science, respectively, and the students' satisfaction about learning only ranked 61st. 【解析】 61．本句主要介绍的是“国际学生评估项目”的组织机构和评估内容，应用一般现在时 表述。 62．考查宾语从句。 63．代词 they 指代的是上文中提到的 15•year•olds in Beijing, Shanghai and the provinces of Jiangsu and Zhejiang (B•S•J­Z )。 64．考查时态。 65．考查分词化的形容词。“2018 年国际学生评估项目(PISA 2018)测试结果显示，我国 四省市社会经济条件较好的学生在阅读方面的得分比经济条件较差学生高 82 分，经合组织成 员内部这个分数平均差为 89 分，二者没有明显差异。” 66．by 表示数量、程度等以……之差。 67．考查副词。 68．考查名词。“我国四省市校长报告的师资短缺情况高于经合组织平均值，报告的资 源短缺情况低于经合组织平均值。” 69．根据句意此处应用比较级。“在几乎所有参与测试的教育体系中，女生比男生更担 心失败，在成绩好的学生中尤其如此。” 70．考查非谓语动词。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 35 分) 第一节 短文改错(共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分) 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2．只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分； We all agree that we should recycle less more—at home, in the office or when out and about. But for material materials to be actually recycled, they first need to find their way to the right waste stream so that they can be then collected and taken to the right place for recycling. This is what the process of sorting allows us to do it . For effective recycling we need effectively effective sorting—and this needs to happen first, in our own home and second, in dedicated sorting plants to that which waste collected from our doorstep and collecting points is taken. When you put a plastic bottle in the right recycling bag and or bin, you are helped helping sort recyclable waste so that the right material can be fed into the right recycling process. Unless If sorting does not happen, a lot of recyclable materials can end up in landfills or be burned, with valuable resources lose lost from our economy. Sorting at home is ∧ the first step towards recycling. 第一处错误：根据句意可知应将 less 改成 more。 第二处错误：将 material 改成 materials，从而与句子的主语单复一致。 第四处错误：effective 修饰动名词 sorting 。 第八处错误：根据句意可知应将 Unless 改成 If。 第二节 书面表达(满分 25 分) 假定你是李华，你们班的英国交换生 Candy 在汉语水平考试(HSK)口语测试中发挥失常， 未能拿到二级口语证书。她很沮丧，请你写封邮件安慰她，要点如下： 1．表示理解并肯定其付出的努力； 2．帮助其分析失利原因； 3．鼓励其继续为目标奋斗。 注意： 1．词数 100 左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．开头和结尾已为你写好。 Dear Candy， ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua 【参考范文】 Dear Candy， I'm sorry to hear that you didn't do well in your HSK Ⅱ oral test and didn't get the certificate. I quite understand you feeling upset. Definitely, you have made great efforts and tried all means possible to train your oral Chinese. But it is rather challenging after all, with so many pronunciations and tones. Sometimes even a native speaker can feel confused. So it's not uncommon for a foreigner to suffer the defeat at the first trial. Don't be discouraged; just actively practice and communicate with the locals more. Then you are sure to achieve your goal! Are you feeling better now? Don't hesitate to ask me for help if necessary. Best wishes and good luck! Yours， Li Hua 听力材料 Text 1 M: I need help with my computer. W: Make a phone call to Sam. He'll help you because he is an expert in it. Text 2 M: OK.We're gonna talk about your future. What do you want to be when you grow up? W: Well, when I was young, I wanted to be a singer. But now I wanna be a physician. Text 3 M: So, what are you doing this weekend, Sophie? W: I am going to New York with Jane to meet my friend. Text 4 M: Where did you buy your shoes? I want to buy a pair for my wife. W: I bought them at a store in the mall. But I heard that they sell them on the Internet as well. Text 5 M: Karen, can I talk to you? When you see a customer, you should always ask them if they need help. And you can't talk to your friends on the phone during your work time. W: Sorry, Mr. Wilson. It won't happen again. Text 6 W: Hi, Tom. Long time no see. M: Hi. When did you return to school? W: Yesterday. Did you have a nice holiday? M: Yes, can't be better. Thank you. W: Where did you go during the holiday? M: I went to Scotland. W: Did you go there alone? M: No. I went there with my parents. We travelled around in Scotland. We spent a week in Edinburgh, then we went to St. Andrews. W: It's said that Highlands is a very good place to see. Did you go up there? M: No, we stayed at a hotel near Loch Lomond for a few days and came back to London down the west coast. Text 7 W: I'd like to open another account. M: That's great. What kind of account would you like to open? W: I already have a checking account here. M: So would you like to open a savings account? W: Will I earn interest on the savings account? M: As long as you make regular deposits and do not make withdrawals. W: Then open one for me. M: OK. Text 8 W: Hello, Ben. What seems to be the problem? M: I have a really bad stomachache. I feel terrible. W: How long have you felt this way? M: Since I woke up this morning. W: Where does it hurt? M: Here… Ouch! It hurts here. W: All right. What have you eaten in the last few days? M: It was my birthday yesterday, so I ate two hamburgers, a large piece of chocolate cake and a big box of sweets. Oh, and I drank two big bottles of cola too. W: Well, I see. Well, you've eaten too much. Here's your medicine. Take these pills three times a day, and get some rest. You'll feel better soon. But remember to eat more healthy food! M: OK. Thank you very much. Text 9 M: Wow, Tammy! This book tells how Steve Jobs chose the name for his computer company. It was just because he liked apples! W: Oh, William, I think he thought about it harder than that. I saw a video on Facebook where he explained the name. M: So, he didn't like apples? W: Well, he did. But there were two other reasons he chose the name. He had a deadline to name his company. He thought he would just call it the Apple Computer if nobody thought of a better name before 5：00. M: And the other reason? W: He wanted his company name to come before Atari Computer, the leading computer company at that time. M: So, the name was just a big joke to him? W: Of course not. Even though the reasons for the name sound funny, he later said in an interview with The New Yorker that the name represented his company well. He wanted his computer to be simple even though they were advanced. Text 10 The United States has many beautiful national parks. But the most beautiful of them all is Yellowstone National Park. Its name was taken from the Yellowstone River, which flows through the park.Yellowstone National Park stretches Wyoming, Montana and Idaho. The park's protection was signed into law on March 1, 1872, by president Ulysses S. Grant. It was the first national park in the U．S. and was widely considered to be the first in the world. The park is popular for biking, hiking, camping and sightseeing. The main attraction of the park is a waterfall in Wyoming. The park covers an area of 3，468 square miles consisting of lakes, mountains, colorful rocks and rivers. Yellowstone Lake is one of the largest lakes in North America, and it rests on top of the Yellowstone Caldera, an active volcano that is also the largest super volcano on the continent. The park is also an amazing place to see wildlife like bears, wolves and deer. 答题卡 题 序 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 答 案 A B C A C A C C B C A C A C B 题 序 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答 案 C B B A C C D A A C A D D B B 题 序 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 答 案 A B C D A D B F E A D B A C A 题 序 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 答 案 C D B A C D C A B D A B D C B 61.is 62.that 63.They 64.tested 65.advantaged 66.by 67.significantly 68.shortage 69.wider 70.ranking