Unit 5
Section A
Grammar Focus
Is
it
made of
silver?
It
was made in
Thailand.
What
is
the model plane
made of
?
Where
is
tea
produced
in China?
How
is
it
grown
?
It
is planted
on the side of mountains.
They
are picked
by hand and then
are sent
for processing.
Read the sentences below, paying attention to the underlined parts.
Passive Voice
被动语态
(Passive Voice)
结构
: be +
V
-p.p.
am / are / is +
动词的过去分词
一般现在时的被动语态
:
一般过去时
的被动语态
:
was/were + 动词的过去分词
Many people
speak
English
.
主动句与被动句之间的转换
English
is spoken
by many people
.
主语 谓语动词主动语态的过去式 宾语
主语 谓语动词被动语态的过去分词 介词
+
宾语
主动句变为被动句所遵循的
4
个步骤：
1.
把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语。
2.
把动词变为被动形式即
be+
过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。
3.
原主动句的主语如需要则放在
by
后面以它 的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。
4.
其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。
People play football all over the world.
2. The old man on TV tells a story on Sunday.
3. Students listen to the kind teacher carefully.
Football is played all over the world by people.
A story is told by the old man on TV on Sunday.
The kind teacher is listened to by students carefully.
把下列的主动句变为被动句。
1) Sunglasses __________ (use) for protecting people’s eyes.
2) A picture _________ (put) up on the blackboard.
3) French ___________ (speak) in France.
are used
is put
is spoken
用所给动词的正确形式填空。
1. Tea is grown in South China.
（改为主动语态）
People _______ _________ in South China.
2. People use metal for making machines. (
改为被动语态
)
Metal ________ _________ ______ making machines.
grow
tea
按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。
is
used
for
1. Cotton (棉花) ______ in the southeast of China.
A. is grown B. are grown
C. grows D. grow
2. The Great Wall ______ all over the world.
A. knows B. knew
C. is known D. was known
A
选择正确答案。
C
3. In some parts of the world, tea ______ with milk and sugar.
A. is serving
B. is served
C. serves
D. served
4. — Do you often clean your classroom?
— Yes. Our classroom _______ every day.
A. clean B. cleans
C. is cleaned D. is cleaning
B
C
主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项：
含有双宾语，即直接宾语
(
常指事物
)
和间接宾语
(
常指人
)
的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。
Jack told us the truth.
We were told the truth by Jack.
The truth was told (to) us by Jack.
He passes me the football. (改成被动语态)
I _____ ______ the football by him.
The football ______ ______ ______ me by him.
am
passed
is
passed
to
动词的主动形式表示被动之意
1).
系动词无被动语态：以主动形式表示被动之意。常见的系动词有：
be
动词
, look, seem, appear, feel, sound, smell, taste
等
It smells terrible.
2).
下列动词
(
词组
)
没有被动式：
happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, take
An accident happened yesterday.
注 意
3).
不及物动词
sell, wash, read, write, open, close, shut, lock, wear
等，常用主动形式表示被动意义。
This book sells well.
这本书畅销。
The kind of cloth washes well.
这种布很容易洗。
4a.
1.
Childen under18___________ to watch this show without their parents.
2.We_______ by the boss on the last Friday of each
m
onth.
3.A:What language_______ in Germany?
B:Most people speak
German
, but many can speak English, too.
4.Most of the earth's surface________ by water.
5. The classroom _______ by the students every day.
are not allowed
are paid
is spoken
is covered
is cleaned
4b.
1.The tea
is planted
on the sides of mountains by farmers.
2. The best materials
are used
by this shop to
make dresses.
3. Many traffic accidents
are caused
by careless driving.
4. Letters and postcards
are brought
to people's homes by the postman.
5. This silver plate
is not used
very often by our family./This silver plate
is not used
by our family very often.
Language points:
1.
be covered by
由... ...覆盖
2.
German---Germans
;
德国人
3.
material
n. 可数名词，材料
stuff
.n.材料，填充物，不可数名词.
4.
o
n th
e surface
表面上
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