同义句转换
近几年，
同义句转换题在很多省市的中考题中出现
。在做同义句转换题时，
首先要理解原句的意思，然后根据要求补全句子或写出整句，使两句意思相同或相近
。下面，我们归纳了中考中同义句转换题的常见考点，希望帮助大家掌握一些同义句转换题的解题技巧。
考点一：运用意义相同或相近的词
(
词组
)
进行转换。
具体运用时，我们应注意替换词在句中的位置、形式、替换后句中其他部分的相应变化，
尤其是时态，替换后的句子要与原句的时态保持一致
。下面，我们为大家罗列了一些需要掌握的同义词
(
词组
)
和近义词
(
词组
)
。
1. a lot of=lots of =plenty of
2. a large number of=a great many of
3. a little=a bit
4. all over the world=across / around / in the world
5. almost=nearly
6. alone=on one’s own=by oneself
7. also=too
8. arrive in / at=get to=reach
9. as soon as possible=as
quick(ly
) as possible
10. at first=in the beginning
11. at last=in the end=finally
12. at once=right now
13. be able to=can
14. be angry with=be mad at
15. be back=come back
16. be busy doing
sth
.=be busy with
sth
.
17. be from=come from
18. be full of=be filled with
19. be over=finish=end
20. be pleased=be glad / happy
21. be quick=be in a hurry
22. be used for doing=be used to do
23. be weak in=be not good at=be bad at
24. begin=start
25. by air=by plane
26. by now=so far=up to now
27. care for=look after=take care of
28. care for=like
29. catch a cold=have a cold
30. certainly=of course=sure
31. cross=go across
32. consider doing=think about doing
33. die out=disappear
34. do well in=be good at
35. enjoy doing
sth
.=like doing
sth
.
36. even though=even if
37. feel like doing=would like to do=want to do
38. for example=such as
39. friendly=kind
40. get along with=get on with
41. get into=enter
42. give back=return
43. give sb. a hand=help sb.
44. give out=hand out
45. go to sleep=get to sleep=fall asleep
46. happen=take place
47. have a good time=enjoy oneself
48. have a look at=look at=take a look at
49. have a seat=take a seat
50. have no idea=don’t know
51. have to=must
52. hear from=receive a letter from=have a letter from=get a letter from
53. help sb. with
sth
.=help sb. (to) do
sth
.
54. hold on=wait a moment
55. instead of=take the place of
56. in order that=so that
57. in order to=so as to
58. join=become / be a member of
59. join in=take part in
60. more than=over
61. no longer=not ... any longer=no more=not ... any more
62. one more ...=another one ...
63. over and over again=
again
and again
64. prefer ... to=like ... better than
65. put on weight=get fat
66. return=come back / give back
67. ring sb. up=call sb.=phone sb.=give sb. a call / ring
68. see a film=go to the movies
69. send for=ask sb. to come
70. show up=appear
71. shut=close
72. smart=clever
73. so long as=
as
long as
74. stay away from=keep away from
75. take after=be similar to=look like
76. take exercise=do sports
77. take pride in=be proud of
78. teach oneself =learn all by oneself
79. try one’s best=do one’s best
80. use up
sth
. =run out of
sth
. =
sth
. runs out
81. walk to ...=go to ... on foot
82. whatever=no matter what
83. worry about=be worried about
84. whatever= no matter what
1. Mark returned to his country after he finished university abroad. (
保持句意基本相同
)
Mark _________________ to his country after he finished university abroad. (2015
上海
)
中考链接
came / went back
2. No matter what they may say, I’ll keep on helping the sick girl in the poor village. (
改写句子，句意不变
)
I won’t ________ helping the sick girl in the poor village, ________ they may say. (2015
山东济南
)
3. My father likes noodles better than rice. (
改为同义句
)
My father ________ noodles _____ rice. (2014
甘肃兰州
)
stop
whatever
prefers to
考点二：运用反义词
(
词组
)
改写。
下面是同义句转换题中常用的一些反义词
(
词组
)
：
1. above → below 2. before → after
3. down → up 4. all → none
5. in → out 6. in front of → behind
7. over → under 8. both → neither
9. asleep → awake 10. bad → good
11. beautiful → ugly 12. big → small
13. best→worst 14. boring→interesting
15. busy → free 16. clean → dirty
17. cheap → expensive / dear
18. clever → foolish / silly
19. cold → hot 20. cool → warm
21. dead → alive 22. different → the same
23. easy → difficult / hard
24. full → hungry / empty
25. happy → unhappy / sad / upset
26. hard → soft 27. high → low
28. short → long / tall 29. new → old
30. open → close / closed
31. old → young 32. strong→ weak
33. thin → thick / fat 34. left → right
35. light → heavy 36. always→ never
37. badly → well 38. early → late
39. yes→ no 40. fast → slow
41. far → near
42. begin → finish / end
43. borrow → lend 44. buy → sell
45. forget → remember
46. laugh → cry
47. like → dislike / hate
48. pass → fail
49. pull → push
50. put on → take off
1. I sometimes borrow Lily’s bike. (
改为同义句
)
Lily sometimes _______ her bike _____ me. (2015
黑龙江绥化
)
2. Michael’s grandfather is too old to drive a car. (
改为同义句
)
Michael’s grandfather isn’t ________ ________ to drive a car. (2015
贵州黔西南
)
中考链接
lends to
young
enough
考点三：主动语态与被动语态相互转换。
1. Some reporters will interview a government official on traffic problems. (
改为同义句
)
A government official will
________________ by some reporters on traffic problems. (2014
湖北孝感
)
中考链接
be interviewed
2. Though the earthquake destroyed many houses, people didn’t lose hope. (
改为被动语态
)
Though many houses _______________ by the earthquake, people didn’t lose hope. (2014
贵州黔西南
)
were destroyed
考点四：复合句与简单句之间的转换。
复合句转换成简单句一般是将从句变为短语
或词组，常见的转换方法有
：
1.
用不定式替换、用介词短语替换等；
2.
将宾语从句简化为“疑问词
+
不定式”或“不定式”结构；
3.
将
so ... that
或
such ... that
引导的状语从句简化为
too ... to, ... enough to
结构；
4.
将
think / find
等引导的宾语从句转化为
it
作形式宾语，不定式作真正宾语的简单句。
同理，可运用上面几点将简单句转换成复合句。
1. All of the teenagers hope that they will achieve their dreams one day. (
改为简单句
)
All of the teenagers hope _____________ their dreams one day. (2015
新疆乌鲁木齐
)
中考链接
to achieve
2. Linda is leaving for Guangzhou when class is over. (
改为同义句
)
Linda is leaving for Guangzhou
___________. (2015
重庆
)
3. He is so active that he can be our team leader. (
改为同义句
)
He is active _____________ be our team leader. (2014
湖北孝感
)
after class
enough to
考点五：两句合并成一个简单句或复合句。
我们把两个简单句中成分相同的部分合并起来，使其成为一个简单句。在
合并时，我们需要用到一些连词
，如：
not only ... but also, either ... or, neither ... nor, both ... and
。有些同义句转换题要求我们把两个简单句合并成一个复合句。这时，通常需要利用关系词、连接词等将两个句子合并起来。
1. I am not good at playing badminton. Gary isn’t, either. (
合并为一句
)
________ Gary ________ I am good at playing badminton. (2015
上海
)
2. She speaks French. Her twin sister speaks French, too. (
合并为一句
)
______ of the twin sisters ________ French. (2014
甘肃平凉
)
中考链接
Neither nor
Both speak
3. Does the earth go around the sun? Susan wanted to know. (
将两句合并成一句
)
Susan wanted to know _______________ the earth ________ around the sun. (2014
四川达州
)
if / whether
goes
考点六：利用某些典型句式或结构进行转换。
这类典型句式或结构有
：
How do / does sb. like
sth
.?=What do / does sb. think of
sth
.?
How much is / are ...?=What’s the price of ...?
It is better for you to do
sth
.=You had / You’d better do
sth
.
Why don’t you ...?=Why not ...?
It’s time to do
sth
.= It’s time for
sth
.
... also / too ...=so +
助动词
/
系动词
/
情态动词
+
主语
进行此类转换时，必须弄清楚每个句型的构成特点，而且还要正确运用句中的固定搭配。
1. What do you think of the program called Daddy, Where Are We Going? (
改为同义句
)
______ do you ________ the program called Daddy, Where Are We Going? (2014
重庆
)
中考链接
How like
2. Jim wants to go boating and his cousins want to go boating, too. (
改为同义句
)
Jim wants to go boating, and _________ his cousins. (2014
湖北孝感
)
so do
考点七：其他转换方式。
1.
形容词、副词等级之间的转换，如比较级和最高级之间的转换；
2.
时态之间的相互转换，如含现在完成时的句子与含一般过去时的句子之间的转换；
3.
句子种类之间的相互转换，如陈述句与感叹句及两种形式感叹句之间的转换；
4. “
祈使句
+and / or ...”
结构与
if
条件状语从句之间的转换；
5.
动词
-
ing
形式或不定式作主语与形式主语
it
之间的转换。
1. The cat made an awful mess in the house. (
改为感叹句
)
____________ awful mess the cat made in the house! (2015
新疆乌鲁木齐
)
2. I hear that Mr. Green has been to our school for five days. (
改为同义句
)
I hear that it is five days ______ Mr. Green _____ to our school. (2014
湖北孝感
)
中考链接
What an
since
came
3. Greeting each other with a smile is necessary in our daily life. (
改为同义句
)
____ is necessary _____ greet each other with a smile in our daily life. (2013
湖北孝感
)
It to
4. If you don’t read the exam questions carefully, you’ll make some mistakes. (
改为同义句
)
_____ the exam questions carefully, _____ you’ll make some mistakes. (2013
湖北孝感
)
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