第二课时
Grammar & Everyday English & Reading Practice
1.1.1 集合的概念
Module 1
课内要点探究
2
单元课标语法
3
巩 固 提 升
4
课后强化作业
5
课前
新知
预习
1
课前
新知
预习
Ⅰ
.
重点单词
1
．责任；义务
(
n
.)________
2
．申请
(
n
.)_________→
申请
(
v
.)________
3
．移民
(
n
.)________
4
．不礼貌的
(
adj
.)________→
礼貌的
(
adj
.)________
5
．恩惠，照顾
(
n
.)________
6
．某些
(
pron
.)________
7
．回答，答复，回信
(
n
.)________
8
．缺点，短处
(
n
.)____________
9
．缺乏，不存在
(
n
.)________→
缺席的
(
adj
.)________
10
．巧合
(
n
.)__________
obligation
application
apply
immigration
impolite
polite
favour
certain
reply
shortcoming
absence
absent
coincidence
11
．顾客，客户
(
n
.)________
12
．戏弄，嘲弄，揶揄
(
v
.)________
13
．打字员
(
n
.)________→
打字
(
v
.)________
14
．道歉，致歉
(
n
.)________→
道歉，致歉
(
v
.)________
15
．谨慎的，慎重的，小心的
(
adj
.)________
16
．熟人
(
n
.)____________
17
．不管怎么说，无论如何
(
ad
v
.)________
18
．周年纪念日
(
n
.)________
19
．女主人
(
n
.)________→
主人
(
n
.)________
20
．打断
(
v
.)________→
打断
(
n
.)________
21
．骚扰，妨碍，侵犯
(
v
.)________
22
．解释，给
……
下定义
(
v
.)________
customer
tease
typist
type
apology
apologise
cautious
acquaintance
anyhow
anniversary
hostess
host
interrupt
interruption
violate
define
Ⅱ
.
重点短语
1
．
put one's foot ________ one's mouth.
犯使人难堪的错误，说错话
2
．
________a consequence
因此，结果
3
．
cheer sb.________
使某人高兴
/
振作起来
4
．
leave ________
省去，删去
5
．
(be) aware ________
知道
6
．
________ the lead
带头，领先
7
．
show________
炫耀
in
as
up
out
of
take
off
Ⅲ
.
语法感知
用
didn't need to do
或者
needn't have done
完成下列句子，并注明它们的含义。
1
．
You __________________(speak) so slowly. I just needed a few seconds to get used to your voice.
(
)
2. You __________________ (bring) the book to show me. I already have one.
(
)
3. I __________________ (buy) a gift for my host family because I already had one.
(
)
4
．
—
I have washed all your clothes.
—
You __________________(wash) them. I can manage.
(
)
5
．
The flower shop had already opened when we arrived so we__________________(wait)outside in the street.
(
)
答案：
1.needn't have spoken
；表示本来不必要说得很慢，事实上说得慢。
2
．
needn't have brought
；本来没有必要带来这本书，事实上带来了。
3
．
didn't need to buy
；没有必要买礼物，事实上也没买。
4
．
needn't have washed
；本来没有必要洗衣服的，事实上却洗了。
5
．
didn't need to wait
；不需要等，事实上也没等。
课内要点探究
1.application n
．
申请；申请书；应用；运用；专心；实用
①
The manager received twenty applications for the post.
经理收到了二十份求职申请书。
②
“
Freedom
”
is a word of wide application.
“
自由
”
一词可用于多种场合。
知识拓展
(1)an application from
申请表
(2)apply to
适用于
apply for
申请
apply...to...
将
……
应用到
……
apply oneself to
专心致志于
……
apply to sb. for sth.
向某人申请某物
图解助记
即学即用
完成句子
(1)
如果你专心去做你目前的工作，你将能很快地把它做完。
If you________ ________ ________the job in hand, you'll soon finish it.
(2)
这规则并非适用于你们所有人。
The rule does not________ ________all of you.
答案：
(1)apply yourself to
(2)apply to
2
．
favour
(1)
n
. [U]
赞成，支持
The opinion has gained favour.
这意见已得到赞同。
(2)
n
. [U]
好感；喜爱
He did all he could to win her favour.
他竭力讨她的欢心。
(3)
n
. [C]
善意的行动；照顾；帮忙
do sb. a favour
帮某人一个忙
(4)
v
t
.
赞成；支持，偏爱
①
France favoured negotiation.
法国赞成谈判。
②
The weather favoured the harvest.
天气有利于收获。
知识拓展
favourable
adj
.
称赞的，赞许的；有利的
favoured
adj
.
受优待的
favourite
n
.
最喜爱的人
(
或物
);
adj
.
最喜欢的
do sb. a favour
＝
do a favour for sb.
帮某人一个忙
do sb. the favour to do sth.
＝
do sb. a favour by doing sth.
帮助某人做某事
ask a favour of sb.
请某人帮忙
in favour of
支持
/
赞成
in one's favour
对
……
有利
即学即用
完成句子
(1)
我对他讲了我们的计划，他表示赞同。
I have told him about our plan, and he is______ ______ ______it.
(2)
现在你能帮我一个忙吗？
Could you ______ ______ ______ ______now?
答案：
(1)in favour of
(2)do me a favour
3
．
certain
(1)
pron
.
某些
a certain
＋单数名词，
“
某一
”
；
certain
＋复数名词，
“
某些
……”
①I have a certain actress in mind for the role of Juliet.
我心目中有个女演员可以饰演朱丽叶。
②
There are certain things I just can't discuss with my mother.
有些事情我实在不能与母亲商量。
(2)
adj
.
确定的，肯定的；某个
①
It's certain that every effect must have a cause.
无疑，每个结果必定有其原因。
②
I can't say for certain when he will arrive.
我说不准他什么时候会到。
知识拓展
It is certain
＋
that
从句
……
是一定的
be certain(sure)of/about sth.
确信
be certain(sure)to do sth./that
从句 一定做某事
make certain/sure
＋
that
从句 弄清楚，保证，务必
make certain/sure of
对
……
有把握
for certain
＝
for sure
无疑
辨析
certain
，
sure
sure
和
certain
表示
“
确定的，肯定的
”
时，基本是可以互换的，但当主语是形式主语
it
时，只能用
certain
。另外，
sure
没有
“
某个，某些
”
的意思。
即学即用
句型转换
(1)He is certain to agree.
→__________________he will agree.
(2)She saw me. I'm certain of that.
→__________________she saw me.
(3)Some girl telephoned while you were out.
→__________________girl telephoned while you were out.
答案：
(1)It is certain that
(2)I'm certain/sure that
(3)A certain
4
．
reply
(1)
v
t
. &
v
i
.
回答，回复
He gave me no chance to reply to his questions.
他不给我回答他的问题的机会。
(2)
n
.
回答，答复，答案
I have no reply to my letter.
我的信没有回音。
注意：
reply
一般用作不及物动词，后跟介词
to
；当接直接引语或
that
从句时，才用作及物动词。
知识拓展
in reply to
回答
make a reply to
回答
辨析
answer
与
reply
(1)answer
可用作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词，常指口答或笔算的回答，是一般用语；而
reply
则为正式用语，多指经过考虑的、有针对性的、详细的回答，常用作不及物动词，和介词
to
连用，其宾语为一般的名词或代词，这时可与
answer
互换。
①Answer my question in English.
用英语回答我的问题。
②
No one was able to answer him a word.
没人能回答他一句话。
③
The old man smiled before he replied to my question.
老人回答我的问题前笑了笑。
(2)reply
也可用作及物动词，其宾语只限于直接引语和宾语从句两种，这时
reply
可以和
answer
互换。
①
He replied/answered that he knew nothing about it.
他回答说他什么也不知道。
②
“
No
，
”
he replied/answered,
“
I only came yesterday.
”
“
不
”
，他回答道，
“
我昨天才来。
”
(3)answer
可引申为
“
应答
”
之类的意义，这时不能用
reply
来代替。
answer the door bell
听到铃声响去开门
answer the telephone
接电话
即学即用
介词填空
I've nothing to say in reply ________your question.
答案：
to
5
．
absence n.
[
U
]
缺乏，不存在
①
The absence of air and water makes it impossible to live on the moon.
因为没有空气和水，所以在月球上居住是不可能的。
②
I'm doing Julie's job in her absence.
朱莉不在，我正在做她的工作。
知识拓展
(1)in (the) absence of
缺少；
……
不足
in one's absence
某人不在期间
In the absence of proof, he was released.
由于缺乏证据，他被释放了。
(2)absent
adj
.
缺席的
(
反义词
present)
；缺乏的
be absent from...
缺席
……
He was absent from the important meeting because of his illness.
由于生病了，他没有出席这次重要的会议。
助记
Last time he was absent from the Olympic Games, but this time he was present at the Asian Games.
上次他缺席了奥运会，不过这次他参加了亚运会。
即学即用
完成句子
(1)
我们缺少经验。
We are ________ ________ ________ ________ experience.
(2)
他上课时心不在焉，老师对此很生气。
His ________ ________ ________ in class made the teacher angry.
答案：
(1)in the absence of
(2)absence of mind
①
He made an apology to the teacher for his being late.
他因为迟到向老师道歉。
②
I must apologise for not being able to meet you.
我为没能去见你而向你道歉。
③
He apologised,
“
Sorry, I was not noticing.
”
“
对不起，我当时没注意。
”
他道歉说。
即学即用
句型转换
(1)The official made a public apology for his improper remarks in his microblog.
→The official______________________his improper remarks in his microblog.
(2)She apologised for having to leave at 3
：
30 p
．
m..
→She__________________having to leave at 3
：
30 p. m
．
.
答案：
(1)apologised to the public for
(2)made an apology for
7
．
cautious adj.
谨慎的，慎重的，小心的
①
I'm very cautious about expressing my opinions in public.
每逢当众说话，我都慎于言辞。
②
You must be cautious when facing danger.
当面对危险时，你一定要谨慎。
知识拓展
(1)be cautious about...
对
……
谨慎
/
小心
(2)caution
n
.
谨慎，注意
with caution
小心地；谨慎地
We must deal with this matter with caution.
我们必须小心谨慎地处理这件事情。
辨析
careful
“
小心的，仔细的
”
，侧重做事情谨慎、留心，特别注意一些细节的地方。
cautious
“
十分小心的，谨慎的
”
，着重考虑事情的后果，谨慎留意，防止出差错。
即学即用
完成句子
当我们要把自己的个人信息透露给陌生人时要特别小心。
We should ______ ______ ______ ______giving our personal information to strangers.
答案：
be very cautious about
8
．
interrupt
(1)
v
t
. &
v
i
.
打断
(
讲话、工作、休息、讲话人等
)
；打扰
①
He was interrupted by a knock at the door.
敲门声打断了他的话。
②
Sorry to interrupt but I have something important to say.
对不起打扰了，我有重要的事要说。
(2)
v
t
.
中止；中断；阻碍
①
World War Ⅱ interrupted many students' study.
第二次世界大战中断了许多学生的学业。
②
Traffic was interrupted by a snowstorm.
交通被暴风雪阻断了。
即学即用
用
interrupt
与
disturb
的正确形式填空。
(1)Their talk was ________ by the coming of their old schoolmates.
(2)A light wind ________ the surface of the lake.
(3)Those trees are growing so high that they ____ the view.
答案：
(1)interrupted
(2)disturbed
(3)interrupted
1.as a consequence
因此，结果
①
She has lived in France for ten years
，
and as a consequence, she speaks French very fluently.
她住在法国
10
年了，所以她的法语说得很流利。
②
Some people are suffering as a consequence of cigarette smoking.
一些人由于吸烟正在遭受痛苦。
知识拓展
in consequence
＝
as a result
＝
as a consequence
因此
as a consequence of
＝
as a result of
由于
即学即用
完成句子
(1)
我父亲经常吸烟，因此，他经常咳嗽。
My father often smokes.__________________
，
he coughs frequently.
(2)
由于失去了栖息地，一些物种即将灭绝。
Some species will actually become extinct ______________ the loss of their habitats.
答案：
(1)As a consequence
(2)as a consequence of
2
．
cheer sb.up
使某人高兴
/
振作起来
①
Sometimes a piece of music can cheer ourselves up.
有时一首音乐能让我们高兴起来。
②
She cheered up when she saw the film star coming along.
看到那个电影明星到来，她欢呼起来。
③
Cheer up, man. Things are not as bad as you think.
振作点，老兄。情况没你想的那么严重。
知识拓展
cheer
n
．欢呼，激励，愉快
v
．鼓舞，欢呼，使振奋
cheer up
振作起来
cheer sb.on
鼓舞某人，为某人加油
/
喝彩
cheerleader
拉拉队队员
Cheers!
干杯！
We did our best to cheer him on when he was about to give up.
当他将要放弃时我们尽力鼓励他。
巧学助记
The cheerleaders are cheering on their favorite teams.
拉拉队队员们正在为她们喜爱的队加油。
即学即用
完成句子
(1)
他看上去很伤心，我们让他高兴起来吧。
He looks very sad. Let's________ ________ ________.
(2)
我提议干一杯！干杯！
I propose a toast
！
________
！
答案：
(1)cheer him up
(2)Cheers
3
．
leave out
省略，略去，遗漏
①
Leave me out of this quarrel, please
—
I don't want to get involved.
请别把我拉入这场争吵中
——
我不想被牵连进去。
②
She left out the date on the cheque.
支票上她漏写了日期。
知识拓展
leave sb./sth. behind
忘带；留下；丢弃；使落后
leave sth. to sb.
将某物留给某人
leave sth./sb. with sb.
把某物
/
某人托付给某人照看
leave off
中断，停止
leave for
动身去，出发前往
leave sb./sth. alone
不理
……
；不管
……
，不打扰
即学即用
用
leave
短语的适当形式填空。
(1)She________work at 7
：
30 every morning and comes back home at 6
：
00 every evening.
(2)This word is wrongly spelt; you've ________ a letter.
(3)Please call me when you go; don't________me________.
答案：
(1)leaves for
(2)left out
(3)leave
；
behind
4
．
be aware of
知道
①
John has been aware of having done something wrong.
约翰已意识到自己做错了事情。
②
I'm well aware that this is a tough job.
我深知这是一件棘手的工作。
知识拓展
make sb. aware of sth./that
使某人意识到
……
be/become aware of doing sth.
意识到做
(
过
)
某事
be/become aware that/(wh
)
．
..
意识到
……
即学即用
完成句子
计划的失败使他意识到在制定这个计划时就犯了一个巨大的错误。
His failure in the plan made him ________ ________ he had made a great mistake in working out the plan.
答案：
aware that
5
．
show off
炫耀
①
She likes to show off.
她爱炫耀。
②
He likes showing off how well he acts.
他喜欢炫耀他表现得有多好。
知识拓展
含
show
的常用词组还有：
show...out
领
……
出去
show sb. around/round
领着某人参观
on show
展出
show in
领入
show oneself
出席，显现
show up
出现，露面，变得明显
即学即用
用
show
短语的适当形式完成句子。
(1)The actress rarely______________in public recently.
(2)My son was trying to________________his talent by decorating the kitchen wall with his colour pencils.
(3)It was ten o'clock when he finally________________.
(4)We will need a guide to ________ us ________ the place of interest.
答案：
(1)shows herself
(2)show off
(3)showed up
(4)show; around
1.Every time I open my mouth, I put my foot in it.
每当我张口，就会讲错话。
every time
用作连词，意为
“
每次做
……
时
”
，引导的是时间状语从句。
Every time I don't listen to your advice, I get into trouble.
我每次不听你的劝告，都会遇到麻烦。
知识拓展
在英语中，经常见到一些表示时间的名词词组被用作连词，常见的有以下几类：
(1)
表示瞬时性的名词词组，如：
the moment, the minute, the instant, the second
或副词
immediately, directly
等，意为
“
一
……
就
……”
。
I'll give it to him the moment I meet him.
我一遇到他就会把它交给他。
(2)
由
time
构成的名词词组，如：
the first time, the last time, each time, next time
等。
The last time I met him, he was working on the farm.
上次我见他时，他在农场工作。
(3)
表示时间段的名词词组，如：
the day, the week, the year, the winter
等。
He left his hometown the year the war broke out.
战争爆发那年他离开家乡。
(4)
注意句型
It is the first/second...last time that...
，从句中用现在完成时；若前者为
was
，则
that
从句用过去完成时。
It is the third time that you've been late this week.
这是你这一周第三次迟到。
即学即用
完成句子。
(1)
每次我们看到其他人做一些事情，我们的大脑就试图去模仿。
__________________________________
，
our brains try to imitate it.
(2)
我上次见到他时，他那么胖！
____________________________he was so fat!
(3)
他一见到我，就告诉我奥巴马再次当选为美国总统。
__________________he saw me, he told me Obama was elected President of America again.
答案：
(1)Every time we see someone else do something.
(2)The last time I saw him.
(3)The minute/instant/second/moment
2
．
When someone talks, everyone is expected to listen, no matter how dull the person's speaking may be.
当有人讲话时，不管他
/
她的讲话是如何的枯燥，其他人都得洗耳恭听。
no matter how
引导让步状语从句。
no matter
意为
“
不管，无论
”
，常与疑问词
who, what
，
when, where, how
等连用，引导让步状语从句。
①
No matter how clever you are, you still should study hard.
无论你多么聪明，你仍然应该努力学习。
②No matter what he tells you, don't believe him.
不管他告诉你什么，都不要相信他。
③
No matter who he is, he must obey the law.
不管是谁，他都应该遵守法律。
注意：
引导让步状语从句时，
no matter
＋疑问词＝疑问词＋
ever
。
知识拓展
“
疑问词＋
ever
”
还可以引导名词性从句， 此时不能和引导让步状语从句的
“
no matter
＋疑问词
”
替换。
①
I'll eat whatever (≠no matter what) you give me.
你给我吃什么，我就吃什么。
(
宾语从句
)
②Whoever (≠no matter who) comes will be welcome.
不管谁来都是受欢迎的。
(
主语从句
)
高考直击
语法填空
(2013
·
江苏改编
) In the global economy, a new drug for cancer, ________(where) it is discovered, will create many economic possibilities around the world.
答案：
wherever
本题考查让步状语从句。句意：在全球经济中，一种治疗癌症的新药，无论它是在哪儿被发现，都将在全球产生很多经济上的可能性。在状语从句
________ it is discovered
中，不缺少任何主要成分，所以引导词只能在从句中作状语，故用
wherever
。
即学即用
(1)
完成句子
不管你多么努力地去尝试，不削减你的饭量想要减肥是很难的。
______ ______ ______ ______you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.
(2)
句型转换
To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off no matter who we are to shake hands with.
＝
To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off________we are to shake hands with.
答案：
(1)No matter how hard
(2)whoever
3
．
But while few Americans will worry about the questions you may ask, particularly if you clearly show you're aware of cultural differences, they may hesitate before they ask you similar questions.
尽管很少美国人担心你可能问的问题，尤其是如果你明显地表明你知道文化的差异，但是他们可能犹豫一会儿才问你相似的问题。
本句是一个复合句。它含有三个状语从句。首先
while
“
尽管，虽然
”
引导了让步状语从句，其次
if
引导了条件状语从句，再次
before
“……
才
……”
引导了时间状语从句。
知识拓展
(1)while
“
虽然，尽管
”
，在主句前引导从句，表示部分同意或接受某事。
While I like the color of that hat, I don't like its shape.
我虽然喜欢帽子的颜色，但我不喜欢它的样式。
(2)while
还用作并列连词，意为
“
但是，然而
”
，表示对比，不表转折。
You like sport, while I like reading.
你喜欢运动，而我喜欢读书。
(3)while
还可以引导时间状语从句，意为
“
同时；当
……
时
”
。
Please be quiet while I'm talking to you.
在我跟你说话的时候，请安静。
即学即用
用合适的连词填空
(1)
—
I wonder how much you charge for your services.
—
The first two are free________the third costs $30.
(2)______the Internet is of great help, I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time on it.
答案：
(1)while
(2)While/Although/Though
4
．
In fact, it's a sign that they don't wish to violate your private life.
事实上那表明他们不想妨碍你的私人生活。
本句是一个复合句。
that(
连词
)
引导了同位语从句解释说明
sign
的内容。
知识拓展
(1)that
引导的同位语从句
连词
that
引导同位语从句时，应在某些抽象名词之后。如：
fact, hope, desire, thought, suggestion, sign, idea, news, problem, possibility
等，对前面的名词起补充说明的作用，连词
that
只起引导同位语从句的作用，不作成分，但不能省略。
Word came that our team had won the game.
消息传来，我们队赢得了比赛。
(2)
除
that
外，常用的引导词还有
whether, why, where, when, how
。而这些词均有实际含义并在从句中充当句子成份，也是不可以省略的。
I have no idea when he will come back home.
我不知道他什么时候回家。
高考直击
语法填空
(2014
·
重庆改编
)
—
Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?
—
Yeah, but I have no idea ________ he did it; that's one of his favorite universities.
答案：
why
本题考查同位语从句。是对名词
idea
的内容进行的说明。句意：
—
Mike
拒绝了耶鲁大学的录取，这是真的吗？
—
是的，我不知道他为什么要这样做。耶鲁大学是他最喜欢的大学之一。短语
have no idea
后面可以使用多种形式的同位语结构，如
have no idea where to go
等。根据句意可知使用
why
表示原因。
即学即用
语法填空
(1)The notice came around two in the afternoon ________ the meeting would be postponed.
(2)Evidence has been found through years of study ________ children's early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.
答案：
(1)that
(2)that
单元课标语法
Ⅰ
.need
作实义动词
We
need to finish
our work on time.
我们需要按时完成我们的工作。
They
need
our help.
他们需要我们的帮助。
They
don't need
it any more.
他们不再需要它了。
Does
your father
need
any help?
你的父亲需要帮助吗？
注意：当事物作主语时，
need
后跟动词的
ing
形式，主动形式表达被动含义，此时等同于不定式的被动形式
(to be done)
。
My car
needs fixing
/
to be fixed
.
我的汽车需要修理。
知识拓展
动词
want, require(
表示
“
需要
”
之意时
)
或形容词
worth(
值得的
)
后均可跟动词的
ing
形式作宾语，用主动形式表达被动含义。
The idea is
worth
considering.
这个主意值得考虑。
Ⅱ
.need
作情态动词
You
needn't do
all these exercises.
你不必做所有这些练习。
Need
he
do
it all at once?
他必须立即做这一切吗？
I wonder if I
need bring
my dictionary.
不知我需不需要带我的词典？
注意：
(1)
情态动词
need
通常不用于肯定句中，所以
need
开头的疑问句的否定回答可用
needn't
，但肯定回答不能用
Yes, you need.
；而应为
Yes, you must.
。
(2)don't have to, have no need to, haven't got to
等也可以表示
needn't
的含义。
(3)
若要谈论过去的情况，应在
need
后接
have done
。常用在否定句和疑问句中。
—
Need
he stay here?
——
他有必要留在这儿吗？
—
Yes, he
must
.
——
是的，他必须留在这儿。
You
needn't have come
in person.
你当时不必亲自来的。
Need
they
have done
it yesterday?
这事他们昨天有必要做吗？
高考直击
(1)(2014
·
重庆改编
)I've ordered some pizza, so we________worry about cooking when we get home tired.
答案：
needn't
本题考查
need
的用法。句意：我已经点了一些比萨，所以当我们到家时很累的话，不必担心做饭的问题。
need
既可以作为情态动词，也可以作为行为动词。当它作为情态动词的使用常常用于疑问句和否定句中，表示
“
不必
”
。根据句意可知用
needn't
。
(2)(2014
·
湖南改编
)
—
I've prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.
—
Do you mean we________ bring anything with us?
答案：
needn't
本题考查情态动词。句意：
——
我已经准备好了野餐要带的各种食物。
——
你的意思是我们不必带食物了吗？由此可知所填词意思是
“
不必
”
。
即学即用
用合适的情态动词或所给词的适当形式填空
(1)I ________ use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train comes by my house.
答案：
needn't
本题考查情态动词。句意：我没有必要用闹钟来叫醒自己因为每天早上六点火车从我家旁边经过。
(2)We've had a good start, but next, more work needs________ (do) to achieve the final success.
答案：
doing/to be done
考查情态动词的用法。
need
既可用作情态动词也可用作实义动词，在本句中用作实义动词；
need
后可接动名词的主动式表被动含义，也可接不定式的被动语态。
(3)We ________ bought so much food now that Suzie won't be with us for dinner.
答案：
needn't have
考查情态动词。句意：既然
Suzie
不和我们一起吃饭，那么我们本不必买那么多食物。
needn't have done
本不必做
……
。
(4)It's quite warm here; we________ turn the heating on yet.
答案：
needn't
本题考查情态动词的用法。句意：这儿非常暖和；我们不必开暖气。
needn't
不必。
(5)
—
Must we do it now?
—
No, you ________.
答案：
needn't
回答由
must
引起的问句时，否定回答一般用
needn't
。
(6)
—
Need you go by yourself?
—
Yes, I________. After all, they are all fresh.
答案：
must
此处为肯定回答：是的，我必须去。毕竟，他们都是生手
/
新人
(
还干不了
)
。
(7)
—
Well, I forgot to bring your dictionary here yesterday.
—
Actually you ________ (bring)it here. You were not allowed to use it.
答案：
didn't need to bring
意为
“
你昨天不必带词典来
”
。
needn't have brought
是
“
本不必带而带来了
”
，不合题意。
巩 固 提 升
Ⅰ
.
完成句子
(
用
didn't need to do
，
needn't have done
，
needn't do
的形式
)
1
．这次旅行中我穿得很暖和，但我本没有必要穿这么暖和。天气很热。
I dressed very warmly for the trip
，
but I______________.It was very hot.
2
．我本不需要带那么多食物的，因为他们免费提供我们一切。
I______________________so much food because they offered us everything for free.
3
．你不必浇这些花，因为天就要下雨了。
You__________________the flowers because it is going to rain.
4
．你不需要哭。你需要的是战胜自己。
You__________________.You need to overcome yourself.
5
．当时我不必去银行
——
我找玛丽借了点儿钱。
I__________________then
—
I borrowed some money from Mary.
6
．我不需要买那本词典，因为我妈妈已经为我买了一本了。
I____________________that dictionary because my mother had bought one for me.
7
．虽然你不需要去上学，但是你不能打游戏。
Though you______________________
，
you mustn't play games.
8
．我本来不需要给他打电话的。
I__________________________a call to him.
答案：
1.needn't have done so
2.needn't have carried
3
．
needn't water
4.needn't cry
5
．
didn't need to go to the bank
6
．
didn't need to buy
7
．
needn't/don't need to go to school
8
．
needn't have made
Ⅱ
.
句型转换
1
．
Thank you for buying the gift for me, but it wasn't necessary.
→You____________________the gift for me.
2
．
There was no need for you to write the letter to Tom.
→You____________________the letter to Tom.
3
．
You don't have to tell her the sad news.
→You________________her the sad news.
4
．
It was National Day so it was unnecessary for her to go to work.
→It was National Day so she________________to work.
5
．
It was an informal party so I didn't wear a hat, which was unnecessary.
→It was an informal party so I____________________a hat.
答案：
1. needn't have bought
2.needn't have written
3
．
needn't tell
4.didn't need to go
5.didn't need to wear
Ⅲ
.
单项填空
1
．
Be quiet! It's rude to ______ people when they are talking.
A
．
stop
B
．
introduce
C
．
prevent D
．
interrupt
答案：
D
句意：请安静！打断人们的谈话是不礼貌。
interrupt sb.
打断某人。
2
．
—
You didn't wait for Tom yesterday.
—
Yes, but we ________. He didn't come.
A
．
must have B
．
didn't need to
C
．
could have D
．
should have
答案：
B
考查情态动词。根据题意
“
我们没必要等，他没来
”
，故选
B
。
3
．
—
Ms. Russel, why do you give a
“
B
”
instead of an
“
A
”
to me?
—
Because you ________ some points which were the essential part.
A
．
wrote B
．
crossed out
C
．
used D
．
left out
答案：
D
leave out
意为
“
漏掉，省略
”
，
cross out
意为
“
划掉，除去
”
。句中表示
“
遗漏重要部分
”
。
4
．
Don't show________before your classmates.
A
．
in
B
．
out
C
．
away
D
．
off
答案：
D
句意：不要在你的同学面前炫耀。
show off
表示
“
炫耀
”
。
5
．
The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain, ________the quality of life is probably one of the highest.
A
．
since B
．
when
C
．
as D
．
while
答案：
D
根据句中
among the lowest in Britain
和
probably one of the highest
可知前后的意义存在对比，故用
while
。
6
．
The fact has worried many scientists ________ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.
A. what B. which
C. that D. though
答案：
C
考查了同位语从句的用法。从句中不缺任何成分，故用
that
来引导。句意：这些年来，地球变得越来越暖和，这个事实已让许多科学家担心。
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