Unit 7
Have you ever been
to a museum?
Section A 3
Grammar focus – 4c
我去过北京两次。
I _____ ______ _____ Beijing twice.
2.
旅客已经上船了吗？
________ the passengers ______ on board yet?
3.
这个故事如何结束？
How did the story _______ ______?
has been to
Have
Complete the sentences.
end up
gone
4.
昨天他没有去那儿，我也没去。
He didn’t go there yesterday. ______ ________.
5.
你听说过太空站吗？
Have you ever ______ __________ the space station?
Me neither
heard of/about
Have
you ever
been
to
a science museum?
Yes,
I’ve
been
to a science museum./
No,
I’ve
never
been to a science museum.
Have
you ever
visited
the space museum?
Yes, I
have
. I went there last year./ No, I
haven’t
.
I’ve
been
to the art museum many times.
Me, too. And
I’ve
also
visited
the nature museum.
I’ve never been
to a water park.
Me neither.
肯定式
否定式
I/You/We/They
have finished
the work.
He/She/It
has finished
the work.
I/You/We/They
have not finished
the work.
He/She/It
has not finished
the work.
构成：
have(
助动词
) + p.p
has(
第三人称单数助动词
) + p.p
Present Perfect Tense
现在完成时
疑问式
回答
Have
I/you finished the work?
Has
he/she finished the work?
Yes, you/I have.
No, you/I
haven’t
.
Yes, he/she has.
No, he/she
hasn’t
.
have not
常缩略为
haven’t
。
has not
常缩略为
hasn’t
。
Have you had your lunch yet?
Yes, I have. I have just had it. (
现在我不饿了
)
表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
现在完成时的用法
I have
already
taught him some English.
John has
never
been to the space museum.
My boy has
just
started junior high school.
现在完成时
常与时间副词
already, never, ever, just, before, yet
等连用。
ever
意为“曾经”，用于疑问句或否定句中，放在助动词与过去分词之间。
e.g.
Have you
ever
been to Hong Kong?
你曾去过香港吗？
I haven’t
ever
spoken to her.
我未曾和她说过话。
never
意为“从来没有”常与
before
连用，多放在助动词与过去分词之间。
e.g. I have
never
travelled by plane before.
我以前从来没有乘飞机旅行过。
比较：
He
has been to
Beijing.
他曾去过北京。
（人已回来，可能在这儿）
He
has gone to
Beijing.
他已经去北京了。
（人已走，不在这儿）
have been to & have gone to
区别
have / has been (to)
表示“曾经到过某地”，说话时此人不在那里，已经回来。侧重指经历。
have / has gone (to)
表示某人“已经去某地了”，说话时此人可能在路上或已到那里，反正不在这里。
比较：
I
have seen
the film.
我看过这部电影。
(
我了解这部电影的内容
)
I
saw
the film
last month
.
我上个月看了这部电影。
(
只说明上星期看了这部电影，不
涉及现在的情况
)
一般过去时与现在完成时的区别
①
一般过去时只强调过去的动作；现在完成时强调过去的事情对现在的影响。
②
一般过去时通常与表示过去的时间状语连用；现在完成时则不能与表示过去的时间状语连用。
③
一般过去时单纯表示过去的经历；现在完成时表示过去的动作或状态延续到现在并可能持续下去。
一般过去时的时间状语有：
yesterday, last week, … ago, in1980, in October, just now …
共同的时间状语有：
this morning, tonight, this summer, before, already, …
现在完成时的时间状语有：
for, since, ever, never, just, already, yet, in past years …
I.
根据括号内的要求完成下列各句，每 空一词
(
含缩写
)
。
1. My parents have come back already. (
改为否定句
)
My parents _______ ______ back ____.
2. The boys have been to Japan lots of times. (
改为一般疑问句
)
_______ the boys _______ to Japan lots of times?
Have been
haven’t come
yet
Exercises
3. Has your sister gone to the bookstore? (
作肯定回答
)
_______, she _______.
4. I have been to the theme park
three
times. (
对划线部分提问
)
_____ ______ times have you been to the theme park?
5. The movie has been on
for half an
hour
. (
对划线部分提问
)
_____ _______ has the movie been on?
How many
Yes has
How long
Ⅱ.
根据括号中所给动词的提示完成下列句子或对话。
1. I ____________________ (work) in this city for 7 years.
2. — How long ______ she ______ (live) here?
— Since she ______ (get) a new job here.
has lived
have worked / worked
got
3. How many words _____ you ______________ (learn) since two years ago?
4. My mother ____ never ________ (hear) of this man.
5. Tom _________(be) to China twice.
have
learned / learnt
has
heard
has been
4a
Put the correct forms of the verbs in the blanks.
1. A: Do you want ________ (come) to the space museum?
B: No, I’ve already ______ (be) there three times.
2. A: Have you _____ (see) the robots at the science museum?
B: Yes, I _____ (go) there last weekend.
to come
been
seen
went
3. A: Let’s _______ (spend) the day at the zoo.
B: Well, I’ve already ______ (be) there a couple of times, but I’m happy _______ (go) again.
4. A: How about ______ (go) to the art museum? There are some special German paintings there right now.
B: Sure. When do you want _____ (go)?
spend
been
to go
going
to go
5. A: Have you ever _______ (visit) the history museum?
B: No, I’ve never ______ (be) there.
visited
been
4b
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
Most of us ____________ (see) Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck and other famous Disney characters in cartoons before. But have you ever ______ (be) to Disneyland? Disneyland ______ (be) an amusement park with a special theme — Disney characters and movies.
have seen
been
is
There _____ (be) many exciting rides, lovely restaurants and fantastic gift shops there. You can also _____ (see) the Disney characters walking around the park. And have you ever _______ (hear) of a Disney Cruise? This ______ (be) a boat ride with a Disney theme. You can ______ (take) a ride on the boat for several days and eat and sleep on it.
are
see
heard
is
take
On the boat, you can ______ (shop) and have Disney parties before you ________ (arrive) at the Disney island.
shop
arrive
4c
Answer the survey questions and then ask your partner.
Have you ever ...
You
Your partner
been to another province in China?
lost something important?
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