河南省2018届中考英语形容词和副词课件.ppt

Adjectives and Adverbs 形容词 、 副词 形容词： 1. 作用 2. 构成与变化 3. 级 1. 作定语 Jerry has an interesting book. He is a famous Chinese boy. You can see something interesting . 形容词的用法 : 形容词是用来描写或修饰名词或代词，说明人或事物的归属性质、状态、大小或数量的词。 2 . 作表语 Tony looks handsome . 系动词有： be, become, turn, get ,seem, grow, smell, taste, sound, look, feel ,stay, go, keep 3. 作补语 The good news made him happy . He found it easy to tell funny jokes. 注意 1 ： Simon looks ______. A. happy B. happily Simon looked _______ at me because I broke his glasses. A. angry B . angrily happy angrily 中考链接： As the trip was pleasant, they didn’t feel __________( 疲劳 ) at all. tired The cake Mrs Black made looks _______, but it tastes _______. bad; good B. bad; well C.badly ; good D. badly; well The food on the plate smells ________. You can’t eat it. delicious B. badly C.well D.bad 形容词的构成 : 1. 名词 + y 变为形容词 n + y : rain y , su nn y fo gg y storm y , wind y , snow y , frost y , cloud y , luck y , health y , sleep y , nois y , guilt y … 2. 名词 + ly 变为形容词 n + ly : love ly , friend ly , lone ly , live ly week ly , da ily … n+ ful : care ful , beauti ful … n+ less : care less , use less … n+ ous : danger ous … 3. 名词 + 其它后缀 变为形容词： He is _____ (live), clever and outgoing. Our neighbours are _______ (friend). The boy is very _______(love). It’s _____ ( like)that he will call again this evening. We should take care of the ______(old). lively friendly lovely likely elderly 副词： 1. 作用 2. 构成与变化 3. 分类 A 副词的作用 1. 用来修饰 2. 说明时间 , 地点 , 程度 , 方式等 , 做状语 . 动词 形容词 全句 副词 副词做 状语 I bought a storybook yesterday .( 时间 ) I bought it there .( 地点 ) I read it happily .( 方式 ) It’s very interesting.( 程度 ) Many birds live there __________ ( 快乐地生活 ) all year round, they can_________( 容易地抓 ) catch fish for food. 副词修饰动词 happily easily These trousers are_________( 太紧 ),I prefer to wear jeans. 副词修饰形容词 too tight I couldn’t jump _______________( 够高 ) to reach the maple leaves. 副词修饰副词 high enough ______,it’s very difficult for giant pandas to survive in the wild. 副词修饰全句 Sadly 副词的构成 1. 形容词 + ly 构成副词 e.g. different bad close free clear bright dangerous slow careful correct neat nice differently closely clearly dangerously carefully neatly badly freely brightly slowly correctly nicely 2. 如果形容词以 -y 结尾 , 变副词时要将 y 变为 i , 再加上 - ly e.g. angry happy heavy noisy easy lucky busy angr i ly happ i ly heav i ly nois i ly eas i ly luck i ly bus i ly -y i + - ly gentle terrible simple probable possible gentl y terribl y simpl y probabl y possibl y 3. 以 le 结尾的形容词 , 变副词时要 将 e 去掉 , 再加 -y -le -e + y 根据要求写出下列单词的正确形式： easy( 副词 ) correct( 副词 ) quiet( 副词 ) polite( 副词 ) 5. noise( 副词 ) 6. heavy ( 副词 ) 7. luck( 副词 ) 8. angry( 副词 ) easily correctly quietly politely noisily heavily luckily angrily He is _____ (live), clever and outgoing. Our neighbours are ________ (friend) and we are happy here. lively friendly 注意 : 3. 并非以 - ly 结尾的词都是 副词 adj. adj. 注意 : 2. true tru ly 它的形容词变成副词时是 去 e 再 加 - ly far early late straight hard 注意 4: . 有些词的形容词与副词的形式 一样 . fast high long 1. 顺序副词 Millie usually gets up at 6pm. . First , she brushes her teeth. Then , she washes her face. Next , she has breakfast. Afterwards , she takes a bus. Finally , she gets to school and has lessons. 2. 频率副词 alwaysusually often sometimes seldom never frequency adverb 频率副词 --___________do you play computer games? -- Never. How often 对他们提问要用 How often( 多长时间一次 ) eg.He always shares everything with others. They seldom dance because they don’t like dancing. 3. 方式副词 She speaks English ________. (fluent) He drives very ________.(careful) fluent ly careful ly 我们用方式副词来说明某事件或情景发生的方式。 She dances beautifully. ________ does she dance? How 我们用方式副词来回答以 how 开头的特殊疑问句。 4. 语气副词： so, such, very, quite, rather, too, enough… The bag is so heavy. I can’t carry it. = It is ____________ bag . I can’t carry it. such a heavy 区别几组 易混淆 的 副词 、 形容词 ★ already 常用于 肯定句 yet 常用于 否定句 、 疑问句 * The train has already gone . * They haven’t come back yet . ★ such 修饰 名词 so 修饰 形容词 、 副词 * I have never seen such an interesting film . * This box is so heavy that I can’t carry it. ★ alone ( 单独 、 独自 ) 作 表语 = by oneself lonely ( 孤独的 ) 可作 表语 、 定语 * He lived alone , but he didn’t feel lonely . * It’s a lonely village. ★ hard ( 努力地 ) hardly ( 几乎不 ) 否定 副词 * She works very hard , and he hardly has a rest on Sundays. The Comparative & Superlative Degrees of Adjectives & Adverbs 形容词 和 副词 比较级 和 最高级 的构成 规则变化 单音节词 和 少数双音节词 1) 一般情况加 – er 或 – est fast – fast er – fast est high – high er – high est clever – clever er – clever est 2) 以字母 e 结尾加 –r 或 –st fine – fine r – fine st late – late r – late st nice – nice r – nice st 3) 重读闭音节 、 末尾只有一个辅音 字母 时 双写 加 –er 或 –est fat – fat t er – fat t est big – big g er – big g est thin – thin n er – thin n est 4) 以辅音字母加 y 结尾变 y 为 i 加 –er 或 –est early – earl i er – earl i est easy – eas i er – eas i est lucky – luck i er – luck i est 不规则变化 good/well – better – best many/much – more – most little – less – least far – far ther – far thest ( far – f u r ther – f u r thest ) bad/badly/ill – worse – worst 形容词和副词 比较级和最高级的用法 1) 表示两者（人或事物）的比较时用比较级，通常用连词 than 引导，表示 “ 较 ······ ” 或 “ 更 ······ 一些 ” 的意思 * This cake is more delicious than that one. * Li Lei jumped farther than Jim (did). 2) 表示三者或三者以上（人或事物）的比较用最高级，最高级的前面一般要加定冠词 the ，后面可带 of （ in,among ）短语来说明比较的范围 * Shanghai is the biggest city in China. * Lucy sings (the) best of all. * He is the most careful among us. 3) 在表示 “ 和 ······ 一样 ······” 和 “ 不及 ······ ” 这类概念时，可以用 “ as+ 原级 +as ” 和 “ not as （ so ） + 原级 +as ” 的句型 * Our teacher is as busy as before. * He does not run so (as) fast as I. 4) 几种比较级的使用句型 1. “ 比较级 + and + 比较级 ” 表示 “ 越来越 ······ ” * Your English is getting better and better. 你的英语 越来越好 了。 * These days more and more people are learning English. 现在学英语的 人越来越多 了。 2. “ the + 比较级， the + 比较级 ” 表示 “ 越 ······ 就越 ······ ” * The more , the better . 越多越好。 * The busier he is , the happier he feels . 他越忙越高兴。 注意 1: 可用 much, still, a little, even, far, a lot 等来修饰 比较级 * She is much taller than Mrs.Liu. * This problem is a little more difficult than the other one. 注意 2: 形容词最高级前一定要用 the ，副词最高级前可省略 注意 3: 在比较级中为了避免重复，在 the 后常用 one ， that ， those 等词来替代前面提到过的名词 * This pen is shorter than that one . * The weather here is warmer than that of Shanghai. 注意 4: 注意同类事物进行比较： e.g. She is slimmer than me . Her hair is longer than mine . 注意 5: 掌握几种同义句转换 1. He is taller than any other student in his class. = He is taller than the other students in his class. = He is the tallest ( student ) in his class. 注意 6: 用于形容词原形前的程度副词有： too, so, very, quite, rather…e.g. This book is very interesting . 一、 选择 ( )1 Who gets home usually ____ in your family? A. the latest B. later C. early D. as late ( )2 The more we looked at the picture, ____. A. we like it less B. the less we liked it C. better we liked it D. it looked better ( )3 What a pity. Lucy ran ____ than Lily. A. a few more slowly B. a little more slowly C. much more slowly D. little slowlier A B B 二、用词的适当形式填空 1 He works very __________. He __________ has a rest on Sunday. (hard) 2 __________, he didn’t fail in the exam.(luck) 3 He was so __________ that he couldn’t believe this __________ news. (surprise) 4 He won’t do it. I won’t do it, __________. (too) hard hardly Luckily surprised surprising either 5 Mr. Green is feeling __________ enough to go to work. (good) 6 The old man looks very _______________ than you think. (friend) 7 This box is not so ______ as that one. (heavy) 8 Lucy jumped __________ of the four. (high) well more friendly heavy highest