178.ppt

？ A is for Apple B is for Ball C Candle D is for Door E is for Egg F is for Fall G is for Grass H is for Hall I is for Ice J is for Jam K is for Kite L is for Lamb Mmmmmmmmm M Moonlight N Night O Orange P is for Pie Q is for Queen R is for Rain S is for Smile T is for Train Mmmmmmmmm U Umbrella V is for Vell W is for Whale X X-ray Y Yo yo Z is for Zero Mmmmmmmmm 普通名词 专有名词 （人名、地名） 可数名词 不可数名词 名词 名词单数的表达 一般可用 a ， an ， one 来修饰 注 ： a 用于 辅音 音素 开头的单词前 , an 用于 元音音素 开头的单词前 * a book * an English book * an h our flower flower s 找 规律 , 总结规则 watch es factory-factori es leaf -- lea ves box es NOUN. 名词的复数形式 1. 规则变化 (1) 一般在复数名词后加“ s ”/s/or/z/ * dog – dog s * book – book s (2) 以 s 、 x 、 ch 、 sh 结尾的名词加“ es”/iz / *box – box es *watch – watch es (3) 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的名词 , 变 y 为 i 加“ es ” / iz / * countr y – countr ies * factor y – factor ies 请区别：如果是元音字母加 y 结尾的名词则只须加“ s” * boy – boy s holiday - holiday s * monkey – monkey s (4) 以 f 、 fe 结尾的名词 , 变 f 、 fe 为 v 再加“ es ” / vz / * hal f – hal ves * shel f – shel ves * kni fe – kni ves * lea f – lea ves 要点考点聚焦 找 规律 tomato es potato es hero es NOUN. 英雄 吃 马铃薯 和 西红柿 piano s (5) 以 o 结尾的名词 , 一般情况加 s, 读作 /z/. potato ， tomato ， hero 除外 * piano – piano s * zoo – zoo s potato – potato es tomato – tomato es child--childr en woman--wom e n sheep man--m e n NOUN. 2. 不规则变化 (1) 单复数同形 Chinese – Chinese fish – fish Japanese – Japanese sheep – sheep (2) 变元音字母 oo 为 ee t oo th – t ee th f oo t – f ee t (3). 变 man 为 m e n m a n – m e n wom a n – wom e n policem a n – policem e n Frenchm a n – Frenchm e n 请区别： German ( 德国人 ) – German s (“ 中日”不变“英法”变，其余 s 加后面 ) (4). 常以复数形式出现的名词 people clothes shoes trousers glasses 这些名词作主语时，注意它们的谓语用复数 * My clothes are newer than yours. 3. 可数名词可以被 a , an , one , two 以及 how many ， many ， a few ， few ， any ， lots of , a lot of ， some 等修饰 * There are a few people in the park. * How many knives are there in your pencil-box? 1.Several _____ are talking  under the tree ． And they are talking about______. A ． woman; children B ． woman; child C ． women; children 2. There are three in my family. A. people B. person C. child 3. Some ______ came to our school for a visit that day.  A. Germans B. Germen C. Germany D. Germanies C A A 4. In the picture there are many______ and two_______.  A. sheeps ; knifes B. sheeps ; knife C. sheep; knives D. sheep; knife 5. There are four_______and two_______in the group. A. Japanese ， Germen B. Japaneses ， Germen C. Japanese ， German D. Japanese ， Germans D C ★ 不可数名词 物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词如 : water ， rice ， fish ， meat 等。 work chalk time space music money weather homework wood information news medicine 1. 单个的不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数 * Some bread is over there . *No news is good news. 2. 不可数名词不能直接被 a , an , one , two 等修饰，常用 how much , much , a little , little , a lot of , lots of , some , any 等修饰 * They had much money. *He does little housework at home. * a rice ( X ) two bread ( X ) 3. 可数名词和不可数名词都可以用 单位 +of+ 名词 表达量，但单位后面的可数名词用复数，不可数名词形式不变 * a bag of apples * a piece of paper * three glasses of orange 4. 有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情 况下可相互转化，同一个词，但意思不同 glass( 玻璃 )– a glass( 玻璃杯 ) work( 工作 ) – a work( 著作 ) time( 时间 ) – times( 次数 ) 1. Please give me ______ paper.  A. one B. a pieces C. a piece D. a piece of 2. This table is made of_______. A. many glass B. some glasses C. glasses D. glass 3. —What can I do for you, sir? —I'd like two_________. A.bottle of milk B.bottles of milks C.bottles of milk D.bottle of milks 4. We can do the work better with______money and ________ people. A. less, fewer B. fewer, less C. little, little D. few, few D D C A 名词所有格 表示名词间的所有关系“ … 的” 一 . 名词所有格的构成方法 1. 一般情况下，在有生命的名词后加“ ’ s” Kangkang ’s father Lucy ’s book 2. 以 s 结尾的复数名词 , 则在 s 后加“ ’”即可 Teachers ’ office The Greens ’ house 3. 不以 s 结尾的复数名词的所有格 , 仍按惯例加“ ’ s ” * Children ’ s Day * men ’ s shoes 4. 无生命名词的所有关系用 of 加名词，构成所属关系的短语 * the color of the wall *a picture of the classroom 1. June 1st is ____Day. All the Children enjoy it very much. A. Children B. Childrens ’ C. Children’s D. Child 2. The two bedroom are the ____. A. twins B. twin’s C .twins’ D. twins C C 重难点突破 小组讨论以下练习的答案并说明其原因 Our hospital needs two___doctors , Mrs. Li. You can ask your son to have a try. A. women B. man C.woman D. men D ★名词的用法 1. 修饰另一名词时 , 一般用单数 * There are three banana trees over there. 2. man woman 用做定语时 , 应与后面的名词保持数的一致 * We need a man teacher . *They are all women workers . 3. sports,clothes 做定语时 , 仍用复数形式 * a sports star *a clothes shop 2. This pair of shorts___too expensive. I can’t afford____. are, them B. are, it C. is, them D. is, it 重难点突破 C 当出现“单位 +of+ 名词”时，谓语动词应根据“单位”的单复数决定。 This pair of shoes is nice. 比较： The shoes are nice. Here are two pieces of news. 比较： The news is wonderful. 3. The model plane was made by a ____ boy. A. ten-years-old B. ten-year-older C. ten-year-old D. ten-year old 重难点突破 C 当数词与单位名词一起构成 合成形容词 做定语时， 单位名词往往用 单数 形式 , 数词与单位名词用“ -” 连接。 * He is a fourteen-year-old boy. *This is a two-hour plan. 4. The police___on the street when accident happened. A. is B . are C. was D. were 重难点突破 D ★ 名词做主语时 , 应注意名词的数，避免主谓不一致。 * Her family is a large one and her family are all teachers . 她家是一个大家庭 , 她的家人都是老师。 5. Where is Tom? ---He has gone to the _____. A. teacher B. teachers C. teacher’s D. teachers’ 重难点突破 D ★名词所有格的几个注意点 可用名词所有格表示地点 , 地点名词习惯上省略 * my aunt’s ( home ） ( 我姑姑家） * go to the teachers’ ( office ） ( 去老师办公室）   6. Lucy is ____ sister. A. Mary and Jack B. Mary’s and Jack’s C. Mary and Jacks D. Mary and Jack’s 重难点突破 D 表示两人共同拥有 , 在最后一个名词后加“ ’ s ” * Lucy and Lily ’s room 露西和莉莉的房间（两人共有一间房间） 请区别 : Lucy ’s and Lily ’s rooms 露西的房间和莉莉的房间 （两人各有一间房间） 7. Look at that old man. He is____. a friend of my B. a friend of mine C. A me's friend D. a my friend 重难点突破 B 物主代词与 a, an, this, that, these, those, some, any 等词共同修饰名词时，需用 双重所有格 ，其构成为 名词 +of+ 名词所有格（或名词性物主代词） 8. It’s ____from our school to my home. A. ten minutes’ walk B. ten minute’s walk C. ten minute walk D. ten minutes walk 重难点突破 A 名词所有格（ ’ s ）也可以用于无生命的东西， 主要用于时间，度量衡等名词之后 two months ’ vacation a mile ’s distance 此表达可以和合成形容词互换 two months’ vacation= two- month vacation 1 . Could you please get me some ________? I’m hungry. （ 2011 年重庆中考第 24 题） A. apple B. water C. bread D. egg 2. Something is wrong with my___. I can’t see anything around me. （ 2010 年重庆中考第 22 题） A. nose B. ears C. eyes D. mouth 3. Mr. White has a beautiful garden with many ______ in it. （ 2009 年重庆中考第 23 题） A. flowers B. grass C. villages D. water 直击中考 C C A 4. --- How far is your cousin’s home from here? --- It’s about two ______ drive. （ 2009 年重庆中考第 34 题） A. hour’s B. hours C. hours’ D. hour 5. Yao Ming did a good job in the basketball match yesterday. He is my favorite ______ （ 2008 年重庆中考第 25 题） A. worker B. teacher C. dancer D. player 直击中考 C D 6.All the ______ teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8th ， because it was their own holiday. （ 2007 年重庆中考第 24 题） A ． man B. men C. woman D. women 直击中考 D Sum up What have you learnt this lesson? Thank you!