Unit 6 Section A (3a-4c).pptx

When was it invented? Section A 3a-4c Unit 6 Amazing Chinese inventions paper-making 造纸术 printing 印刷术 compass 指南针 gunpowder 火药 Other famous Chinese inventions Tea Alcohol Silk China Read the passage quickly and match each paragraph with its main idea. 3a Para. 1 Para. 2 Para. 3 Lu Yu and his book Cha Jing How tea spread to other countries How tea was invented by accident 偶然；意外地 3a Did you know that tea, the most popular drink in the world (after water), was invented by accident? Many people believe that tea was first drunk about 5,000 years ago. It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink. One day Shen Nong was boiling water over an open fire. Some leaves from a tea plant fell into the water and remained there for some time. It produced a nice smell so he tasted the brown water. It was quite delicious, and so, one of the world’s favorite drinks was invented. An Accidental Invention 本句为 that 引导的宾语从句，其中从句主语是 tea ，而 the most popular drink in the world (after water ) 是 tea 的同位语。 It is said that … “据说 …… ”，其中 it 是形式主语， that 引导的从句是真正的主语。 fall into “落入；掉入” 相关短语： fall asleep 入睡； fall down 倒下； fall in love with 爱上 smell ① 可作不可数名词，也可作可数名词，意为“气味”。用作可数名词时，表示“某一种气味” 。 ② 及物动词，意为“闻到”，其后接名词或代词。 ③ 连系动词，意为“闻起来”，其后接形容词作表语。 3a A few thousand years later, Lu Yu, “the saint of tea”, mentioned Shen Nong in his book Cha Jing . The book describes how tea plants were grown and used to make tea. It also discusses where the finest tea leaves were produced and what kinds of water were used. 【 宾语从句 】 ①此处两句均为疑问词引导的宾语从句，宾语从句的引导词有 that 、 if 、 whether 、 what 、 who 、 which 、 when 、 where 、 how 、 why 等。 ② 宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序即：连接词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分。 3a It is believed that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries. In England, tea didn’t appear until around 1660, but in less than 100 years, it had become the national drink. The tea trade from China to Western countries took place in the 19th century. This helped to spread the popularity of tea and the tea plant to more places around the world. Even though many people now know about tea culture, the Chinese are without doubt the ones who best understand the nature of tea. national 形容词，意为“国家的；全国的；民族的” 。 其 名词形式为 nation “国家；民族”， nationality “国籍”。 e.g. Our newspaper is a national newspaper. 我们的报纸是全国性的报纸。 take place 意为“发生；出现”。 【 辨析 】 ① take place 表示必然性的“发生”或指根据计划或安排“举行”的，无被动语态。 ②happen 表示偶然性的没预料到的“发生”，无被动语态。 even though 引导让步状语从句 doubt 名词，意为“疑惑；疑问”， without doubt “毫无疑问；的确”。 动词，意为“怀疑；不相信”，其后可直接跟名词或代词作宾语。 【 注意 】 无论 doubt 作名词还是动词，在肯定句中其后常接 whether 从句，在否定句中其后常接 that 从句。 Read the passage quickly and match each paragraph with its main idea. 3a Para. 1 Para. 2 Para. 3 Lu Yu and his book Cha Jing How tea spread to other countries How tea was invented by accident Read the passage again and answer the questions. 3b 3. Who is called “the saint of tea”? ___________________________________ 1. When was tea first drunk? ___________________________________ 2. How was tea invented? ___________________________________ It was first drunk about 5,000 years ago. It was invented by accident. Lu Yu. n. 圣人，圣徒 Read the passage again and answer the questions. 3b 5. When was tea brought to other countries? ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ Tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries and to England around 1660. 4. What is Cha Jing about? ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ The book describes how tea plants were grown and used to make tea. It also discusses where the finest tea leaves were produced and what kinds of water were used. Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in the box. 3c 1. One of the world’s favorite drinks was _________ by accident . 2. Tea was first ________ by Shen Nong about 5,000 years ago. invent, drink, bring, produce, trade invented drunk 3. A nice smell was _________ when the tea leaves dropped into the hot water. 4. Tea was ________ to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries. 5. Tea is now ______ between many different countries. traded produced brought Grammar Focus When was the zipper invented? It was invented in 1893. Who was it invented by? It was invented by Whitcomb Judson . When was tea brought to Korea? It was brought to Korea during the 6th and 7th centuries. What is the hot ice-cream scoop used for? It’s used for serving really cold ice-cream. Active voice : Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876. Passive voice : The telephone was invented (by Alexander Graham Bell) in 1876. 一般过去时的被动语态的句式结构 肯定句 主语 + was/were + 及物动词的过去分词 （ + by … ） 否定句 主语 + was/were + not + 及物动词的过去分词 （ + by … ) 疑问句 Was/Were + 主语 + 及物动词的过去分词 （ +by …)? 特殊疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + 及物动词的过去分词 （ + by...)? 一般过去时的被动语态 2. 一般过去时的被动语态的基本用法 用法 示例 表示过去某一具体时间发生的动作，且句子的主语是谓语动词动作的承受者 The house was built in 1990. 这所房子建于 1990 年。 讲述发生在过去的动作，且不知道动作的执行者 He was honored with the name “ Father of Hybrid Rice”. 他被授予“杂交水稻之父”的称号。 ①含有双宾语的主动句变为被动语态时，通常把指 “人”的间接宾语变为主语，而指“物”的直接宾语则 不变。 e.g. He gave me a book yesterday. I was given a book (by him) yesterday . 3. 含双宾语和复合宾语的主动句变为被动语态的方法 ②如果要把指“物”的直接宾语变为主语，则 在间接 宾语前加 to 或 for 。 e.g . I brought him some food. Some food was brought to him (by me). ③ 含有复合宾语的主动句变为被动语态时，要 将 其中的宾语变成主语，宾语补足语不变。 e.g. Jim asked Tom to go for a walk. Tom was asked (by Jim) to go for a walk. ④ 如果宾语补足语是不带 to 的动词不定式 ，主动 语态变成被动语态时要加上不定式 符号 to 。 e.g . We often heard Kate sing in the room. Kate was often heard to sing in the room ( by us). 1. They sold the fridge at a low price . ______________________________________________________ 3. Where did you take these photos ? ______________________________________________________ 2. Somebody stole my camera from my hotel room . ______________________________________________________ Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice. 4a The fridge was sold at a low price. My camera was stolen from my hotel room. Where were these photos taken ? 4. Our parents advised us not to go out alone . ______________________________________________________ 5. Different writers translated the book into different languages . ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 4a We were advised not to go out alone by our parents . The book was translated into different languages by different writers . 4b Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in the box. You _____________ to the party last night, weren’t you? Why didn’t you go? 2. The earthquake happened all of a sudden, but luckily the villagers _____________ to a safe place. eat lock like ring invite break tell bring were invited were brought 4b 3. The door ___________ when we arrived, so we ______ the bell. 4. The students ________ not to eat or drink in class. But Ruby _______ the rule when she started eating a biscuit in science class. 5. The cookies _________ by the hungry kids in less than 20 minutes, and they really _____ them . was locked rang were told broke were eaten liked eat lock like ring invite break tell bring 4c Decide whether active or passive forms should be used in these sentences. Write the correct forms in the blanks. The telephone _____________ (invent) by Alexander Graham Bell. He __________ (born) in 1847. Mr. Bell ________ (work) on the invention of the telephone with Thomas Watson. In 1875, Mr. Bell _______ (learn) how to send musical notes through an instrument similar to a telephone. Finally, the telephone ____________ (invent) in 1876. The first sentence that ________ (say) on the telephone by Mr. Bell was “Mr. Watson, come here; I want to see you.” Today the telephone ________ (use) around the world. was invented was born worked learned was invented is used was said Homework 老师可以在这里布置作业奥 ~