人教版必修4英语课件:Unit 2 Period 3 Using Language
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Unit 2   Working the land Period 3   Using Language Ⅰ . 根据英文释义搭配单词 1 . mineral    A . any of various especially solid substances that are formed naturally in the earth , such as stone , coal and salt , especially 2 . root B . read quickly in order to find the chief points 3 . skim C . make a remark ; give an opinion 4 . underline D . the fact or condition from which sth.begins , or by which sth.is caused 5 . comment E . draw a line under a word , etc. 答案: 1.A   2.D   3.B   4.E   5.C Ⅱ . 根据所给词性及汉语提示写出下列单词 1 . _______( v t .) 使迷惑;使为难 → confusing( adj .) 令人迷惑的 → confused( adj .) 感到迷惑的 → confusion( n .) 迷惑 2 . ________ ( adj .) 化学的;关于化学的 → chemistry( n .) 化学 3 . __________( n .) 生产;制造 → produce( v .) 生产 4 . discover( v t .) 发现 → __________( n .) 发现;发觉 5 . ________( v t .) 减少;减缩 → reduction( n .) 减少 confuse chemical production discovery reduce Ⅲ . 根据所给汉语补全下列短语 1 . ________ addition  而且,此处 2 . turn ________ 转向 3 . focus ________ 集中 ( 注意力;精力 ) 于 4 . ________...free from... 使 …… 免受 ( 影响、伤害等 ) 使 …… 不含 ( 有害物 ) 5 . prevent...________... 阻止 …… 做 …… in to on keep from Ⅳ . 根据语境和汉语提示写出下列短语 1 . If there is a big flood , it will ________________( 对 …… 造成损害 )the house lying low. 2 . The student is trying to ________ the ink ________( 洗掉 )his hands. 3 . With his effort to help those in need , his fame is going to ________( 逐渐增强 ) . 4 . What you have done will ________ ( 导致 )the failure of the project. cause damage to wash off build up lead to Ⅰ .Read the passage quickly and match each part with its main idea. Part 1(Para.1)   A . Farmers and customers turn to organic farming and how farmers keep their soil rich. Part 2(Para.2) B . Scientists have found that chemical fertilizers cause damage to the land and people ’ s health. Part 3(Paras.3&4) C . Some of the problems caused by chemical fertilizers. 答案: Part 1 - B   Part 2 - C   Part 3 - A Ⅱ .Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers. 1 . What does “ organic farming ” introduced in the passage refer to? A . All farming concerning crop planting. B . Crops growing with natural fertilizers instead of chemical ones. C . Crops growing with chemical fertilizers. D . Crops growing in poor soil. 2 . Organic farmers prefer using ________. A . chemical fertilizers B . natural and chemical fertilizers C . natural fertilizers D . some kind of chemical fertilizers 3 . Which of the following is TRUE? A . All farming is organic farming. B . Some organic farmers prefer planting grass between crops to make full use of the field. C . Farmers often grow the same crops year after year. In this way , they can have a good harvest. D . Using natural waste from animals can help reduce disease in crops and help them grow strong and healthy. 4.The purpose of this passage is to________. A . tell us the story of organic farmers B . introduce the organic farming C. argue that organic farming should be encouraged D . object to the traditional farming 答案: 1 ~ 4.B C D B Ⅲ .Complete the following sentences and think about the reasons. 1 . First , they damage the land ________ killing the helpful bacteria and pests as well ________ the harmful ones. 2 . These chemicals in the food supply build ________ in people ’ s bodies ________ time. by as up over 3 . ________ these discoveries , some farmers and many customers are beginning to turn ________ organic farming. 4 . They focus ________ keeping their soil rich and free ________ disease. 5 . Some organic farmers prefer planting grass ________ crops to prevent wind or water ________ carrying away the soil. With to on of between from Ⅳ .Fill in the blanks according to the passage or the given words. Chemical fertilizers are popular __ 1 __ farmers because they stop crop disease and increase __ 2 __(produce) . Recently, however , scientists __ 3 __(find)that long term use of them can cause damage __ 4 __the land and even to people ’ s health. Now , some farmers and many customers are beginning to turn __ 5 __organic farming.Organic farming is to grow crops with natural but not chemical fertilizers. Organic farmers focus __ 6 __ keeping their soil rich and free __ 7 __ disease.In order to keep the soil fertile , they often change the kind of crop in each field __ 8 __ few years , or plant crops to use different levels of soil , or plant grass between crops to prevent wind or water __ 9 __(carry)away the soil.These methods have the same goal : to grow good food and avoid __ 10 __(damage)the environment or people ’ s health. 答案: 1.with   2.production   3.have been finding   4.to   5.to   6.on   7.from/of   8.every   9.(from)carrying   10.damaging 词汇 1 These chemicals in the food supply build up in people ’ s bodies over time. 随着时间的推移,食物中的这些化学成分会在人体中堆积。 ◎ build up 逐渐增强;建立,开发 写出 build up 在下列各句中的不同含义 ① All the pressure built up and he has been off work for weeks.( ) ② Let ’ s take the responsibility to build up a low carbon city by riding bicycles.( ) ③ In view of the present situation , we have to build up other industries.( ) 逐渐加大 / 增强 建立 开发 build(oneself) up to sth.  为 …… 做准备 build oneself up 增强体质 build up a fame 建立名声 build up one ’ s health/body 增进健康 ④ You must build yourself up after your illness. 患病之后,你必须增强体质。 ⑤ I ’ m very glad to see that your vocabulary is gradually ___________. 看到你的词汇量在逐渐增加,我很高兴。 [ 名师点津 ] build up ( = form steadily ) 意为 “ 逐步建立;逐步形成 ” ,如 build up one ’ s strength ( 增强体力 ) 。 build 还指 “ 建筑;建造 ” ,如 build a house ( 建房子 ) 。 building up ◎ lead to 导致;造成 ( 后果 ) ;通向 ① Too much work and too little rest often lead to illness. 过量的工作和过少的休息经常会引发疾病。 词汇 2 Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses. 很多化学成分能导致癌症或其他疾病。 lead a . ..life   过 …… 的生活 lead...to /into... 把 …… 领到 / 领进 …… lead sb.to do... 使某人做 …… lead the way 引路;带路 ② Although he is very famous , he _________________. 尽管他很有名,但是他过着简朴的生活。 ③ She _________________ that she had a lot of influence. 她使我相信她很有权势。 [ 名师点津 ]   lead to 中的 to 是介词,后面应该接名词或动名词作宾语。与 result in , bring about 同义,意为 “ 导致 ” 。 leads a simple life led me to believe He led the way , and led us to a village of Tibet.There we found the local people led a happy life. 他带路,把我们领到了西藏的一个小村庄。在那里,我们发现当地人过着幸福的生活。 ◎ focus on 集中 ( 注意力、精力等 ) 于 ① I am too tired to focus on anything. 我太累了,不能集中精力了。 词汇 3 They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease. 他们关心的是保持土壤肥沃并免受病害。 (1)focus one ’ s attention /thoughts/ minds/eyes on... 集中注意力 / 精力 / 思想 / 目光于 …… (2)bring/throw sth.into focus 使某物明朗化;使某物突出 the focus of attention 关注的焦点 ② Please ____________________ the following problem. 请把注意力集中在下面的问题上。 ③ All our eyes were focused on the speaker. 大家的目光都集中在发言人身上。 [ 名师点津 ]   表示 “ 集中注意力于 ……” 的短语还有: ① pay attention to sth. ② put one ’ s heart into sth. ③ fix one ’ s attention on sth. focus your attention on ◎ reduce vt. 减少;减缩 ① It reduces the risks of heart disease. 这降低了患心脏病的风险。 词汇 4 A healthy soil reduces disease and helps crops grow strong and healthy. 健康的土壤会减少病虫害并且帮助农作物茁壮成长。 (1)reduce...by...  把 …… 减少了 …… reduce...to... 把 …… 降到 …… reduce...from...to... 把 …… 从 …… 减少到 …… reduce the speed 降低速度 (2)be reduced to 陷入某种境地 (3)reduction n .减少;缩小 ② With great effort , she has reduced her weight ________ five kilograms in the past 7 days. 经过很大的努力,她在过去的七天里体重轻了 5 千克。 ③ She ________________ begging for a living. 她被迫沦落至乞讨为生。 by was reduced to [ 名师点津 ] reduce ” 减少 ” 的近义词是 decrease ,反义词是 increase , rise( 增加 ) 。这三个词与 reduce 用法一样,后可接 “ to... ” 表示增减的结果,接 by... 表示增减的幅度。 ④ Their salary has been increased by 20 percent since last year. 自去年以来,他们的工资已经增长了 20% 。 ◎ keep...free from/of 使 …… 免受 ( 影响、伤害等 ) ;使 …… 不含 ( 有害物 ) ① You ’ d better keep this area free of air pollution. 你们最好让这个地区免受空气污染。 词汇 5 This also keeps the air , soil , water and crops free from chemicals. 这还可以让空气、土壤、水以及农作物不受化学物质的污染。 be free from/of  无 …… 的 be free to do sth. 自由地做 …… free sb. /sth. of/ from sth. 使某人 / 某物摆脱 / 除去 …… ② No human being can ______________ mistakes. 是人总是免不了犯错误。 ③ These exercises help ______ the body __________ tension. 这些锻炼可使紧张的身体放松。 be free from/of free from/of ◎ comment n . 评论;议论 vt. & vi. 表达意见;作出评论 ① Don ’ t offer comments if you cannot understand the real meaning. 如果你不能真正理解它的意义,请不要乱提意见。 词汇 6 Swap summaries with your partner and give each other comments. 和你的搭档交换摘要并互作评论。 (1)make comments on /upon/ about sth. 评论某事 without comment 不必多说 no comment 无可奉告 (2)comment on... 对 …… 发表评论 comment that... 评论说 …… ② She made helpful comments on/upon my work. 她对我的工作提出了有益的意见。 ③ - Can you say something about the present situation? 你能对当前的形势说说自己的看法吗? - Sorry , ___________ ! 对不起,无可奉告! no comment ④ People were always __________________ my sister ’ s looks. 人们总是对我妹妹的容貌评头论足。 ⑤ He commented that he thought it was time for us to go home. 他发表意见说到我们回家的时间了。 commenting on/upon 句型 1 Recently , however , scientists have been finding that long term use of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and , even more dangerous , to people ’ s health. 然而,最近科学家们发现长期使用这些肥料会使土地受损,甚至更危险的是,会对人们的健康造成危害。 [ 句式剖析 ] (1) 这是个主从复合句, that 引导的宾语从句作谓语动词 find 的宾语。 (2)have been finding 是现在完成进行时。现在完成进行时表示一个动作开始于过去,持续到现在,并强调现在还在进行。 ① He has been painting the rooms of his new apartment all day. 他一整天都在为他新公寓的房间刷漆。 ② Because of illness , he _______________in bed all day. 由于生病,他整天都躺在床上。 ③ They _________________ the bridge for two months. 两个月来他们一直在建桥。 has been lying have been building [ 名师点津 ]  现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别: 用法 例句 区别一 现在完成进行时强调动作的延续性 I have been thinking it over. 我一直在考虑这件事。 现在完成时强调过去某个动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果 I have thought it over. 我已经考虑过这件事了。 用法 例句 区别二 现在完成进行时表示动作的反复 Have you been meeting him recently ?你最近经常见他吗? 现在完成时不表示动作的反复 Have you met him recently ?你最近见过他吗? 区别三 现在完成进行时常带有感情色彩 I have been waiting for you for three hours. 我已等了你三个小时。 ( 暗含不满的语气 ) 现在完成时不带有感情色彩 I have waited for you for three hours. 我已等了你三个小时。 ( 说明一个事实 ) 句型 2 Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil , making it ready for crops such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil. 像豌豆或大豆这样的农作物将重要的矿物质带回土壤,从而使之适宜要求土壤肥沃的农作物,比如小麦或玉米。 [ 句式剖析 ] (1) 此句为主从复合句。句中含有 that 引导的定语从句,修饰先行词 crops ,并且 that 在从句中充当主语。 (2) 句中 “ making it ready... ” 为现在分词短语作结果状语。现在分词作结果状语,相当于一个并列谓语,描述谓语动作发生后所带来的一种自然而然的结果。 ① The snow lasted a week , resulting in a serious traffic confusion in the whole area. 雪下了一星期,造成了整个地区严重的交通混乱。 ② His parents died early , ___________________. 他的父母早亡,他成了孤儿。 [ 名师点津 ] (1) 现在分词作结果状语时,表示一个自然而然的结果; (2) 不定式在句中作结果状语时常与 only 连用,表示没有预料到的或事与愿违的结果。 leaving him an orphan ③ Their car was caught in a traffic jam , thus causing the delay. 他们的车遇上交通阻塞,因而耽误了。 ④ He lifted a stone ____________ it on his own feet. 他搬起石头,却砸了自己的脚。 only to drop Unit 2 Exercise 3 谢谢观看!

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