2021届高三新高考模拟演练英语试题.docx

2021 届高三新高考模拟演练 英 语 注意事项： 1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形 码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑， 写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草 稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。 第Ⅰ卷（选择题） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段 对话仅读一遍。 1. What color are the gloves? A. Blue. B. Green. C. Yellow. 2. What is the man looking for? A A hotel. B. A hospital. C. A bookstore. 3. When will the next underground arrive? A. At 1:55. B. At 2:00. C. At 2:05. 4. What are the speakers doing? A. Cleaning a lecture hall. B. Scheduling a lecture. C. Making a list of speakers. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. WeChat B. Online shopping. C. The man's grandma. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个 选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各 个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两 遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6. When will the meeting take place? A. In January. B. In February. C. In June. 7. Which room does the man prefer? A. Room 13. B. Room 19. C. Room 26. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 8. Who is the man waiting for? A. A repairman. B. A doctor. C. A salesman. 9. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a hospital. B. In a repair shop. C. In a supermarket. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. What is the man good at? A. Taking photos. B. Painting pictures. C. Doing presentations. 11. How does the man feel about the woman's suggestion at first? A. Surprised. B. Worried. C. Uninterested. 12. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers? A. Colleagues. B. Guest and hostess. C. Classmates. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. Where is Susan from? A. Italy. B. England. C. America. 14. How long did Susan work for Ferragamo? A. About six months. B. Less than five years. C. Around six years. 15. What does Susan mainly design for the companies? A. Shoes. B. Handbags. C. Jackets. 16. How has Susan's industry changed since 1982? A. Italian design has become less popular. B. The product quality has become worse. C. It has become much more competitive. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. What is the weather like for the journey? A. Sunny. B. Cold. C. Windy. 18. Where is the bank? A. On Floor A. B. On Floor B. C. On Floor C. 19. What is next to the bar on Floor A? A. A toilet. B. A games room. C. The ship's office. 20. Who can use the relaxing room on Floor B? A. Passengers travelling with cars. B. Passengers travelling with children. C. Passengers travelling without cars. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.2 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题 卡上将该项涂黑。 A New events and changes of junior golf competition calendar New events Notah BegayⅢ Junior Golf National Championship What does a junior golfer aim to pursue? One thing is to be noticed, ideally by a college coach. A remarkable opportunity will be offered by the Notah BegayⅢ Junior Golf National Championship to its participants: an event broadcast by Golf Channel. Players aged between eight and 18 can compete in the new event; information about where and when it will be held will be released later. Barbasol Junior Championship Beginning the career in the PGA Tour is something that a junior golfer tends to dream of. The Barbasol Junior Championship, which is scheduled to take place between June 29 and July 2 at Keene Trace Golf Club in Nicholasville, Kentucky, will provide such an opportunity. Boys under 19 years old will qualify for this new 54-hole event, and the winner will be awarded a spot at the PGA Tour's Barbasol Championship in July. Changed events Thunderbird International Junior The dates of the AJGA's Thunderbird International Junior have to be changed since the NCAA Championships move to Grayhawk Golf Club in Scottsdale, Arizona, for the next three years. Generally, the Thunderbird is played at the end of May. However, this year it is scheduled on different dates for the first time, from April 9 to 12, which means, of course, that the finish date is on Masters Sunday. Gator Invitational Junior golf intends to prepare for the following college golf. If this is the case, then it is crucial to simulate the higher-level experience as much as possible. Because of that, the Gator Invitational, as a junior boys' event, has made a significant decision on becoming a 54-hole event by adding a round this year. The new version will be played from March 13 to 15 at The Country Club of Jackson in Jackson, Mississippi. 21．Which event can be watched on TV? A．Notah BegayⅢ Junior Golf National Championship. B．Barbasol Junior Championship. C．Thunderbird International Junior. D．Gator Invitational. 22．When will the Thunderbird International Junior be played? A．At the end of May. B．From April 9 to 12. C．Between June 29 and July 2. D．From March 13 to 15. 23．What has been changed about the Gator Invitational? A．The award given to the winner B．The place where it is played. C．The required age of the players. D．The number of rounds it has. B I remember doing the household chores to help my mother when I was nine. I hated changing the vacuum cleaner (真空吸尘器) bag and picking up things the machine did not suck up. Twenty years later, in 1978, with this lifelong dislike of the way the machine worked, I decided to make a bagless one. Easier said than done, of course. I didn’t realize that I would spend the next five years perfecting my design, a process that resulted in 5,127 different prototypes (样机). By the time I made my 15th prototype, my third child was born. By 2,627, my wife and I were really counting our pennies. By 3,727, my wife was giving art lessons for some extra cash, and we were getting further and further into debt. These were tough times, but each failure brought me closer to solving the problem. In the early 1980s, I started trying to get licensing agreements for my technology. The reality was very different, however. The major vacuum makers had built a business model based on the profits from bags and filters (滤网). No one would license my idea, not because it was a bad one, but because it was bad for business. But soon after, the companies that I had talked with started making machines like mine. I had to fight legal battles on both sides of the Atlantic to protect the patents on my vacuum cleaner. I was still in financial difficulties until 1993, when my bank manager personally persuaded Lloyds Bank to lend me $1 million. Then I was able to go into production. Within two years, the Dyson vacuum cleaner became a best-seller in Britain. Today, I still embrace risk and the potential for failure as part of the process. Nothing beats the excitement of invention, 24．What drove the author to make a bagless vacuum cleaner? A．His willingness to help mom. B．His curiosity about machines. C．His trouble in doing family chores. D．His discontent with existing cleaners. 25．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us? A．The help from the author’s wife. B．The financial problems of the family. C．The tough process of the new invention. D．The procedures of making a bagless cleaner. 26．Why did the companies refuse to license the author’s technology? A．They thought they might suffer loss. B．They considered it not good enough. C．They faced legal problems themselves. D．They had begun making such machines. 27．What lesson may the author learn from the experience? A．Think twice before acting. B．Failure is the mother of success. C．Actions speak louder than words. D． A good beginning makes a good ending. C Student loan (贷款) debt has become a worldwide problem. In America, the country's overall student debt reached a record of $1.6 trillion in 2019. The average person with student loan debt owed between $20,000 and $25,000. A recent Japanese government report says it has been lending over $9 billion yearly to students since 2010. Similar conditions exist in Africa and South America. Several factors account for high student loan debt. One is that employers everywhere have increased their demands for skilled workers, making higher education a requirement for many jobs. The students, however, after graduation, often find that their country's economy is not strong enough to support their financial needs, so their ability to pay back the loan becomes a problem. To solve the problem, many countries are seeking their ways. Australia has developed a system where students do not have to pay anything back until they are earning at least $40,000 a year. In America, several candidates running for president in the 2020 election have offered more extreme solutions that all or at least some of these loans will be forgiven. Some professors in several universities recently studied what the effects of debt forgiveness might be. They found that, overall, sudden debt relief greatly improved the borrowers' lives. Not only did they have more money, but they were more likely to move to a new area and seek better paying work. Yet the professors' research doesn't include what might happen to financial institutions or the overall economy if debt were totally forgiven. It only looks at how debt forgiveness would help the borrowers. They warn of some other possible negative effects. If a borrower knew that if he ran into any trouble he would be saved because he could get the debt relief, then he might actually become more reckless (轻率的) with his borrowing in the future. No matter what, the professors agree that if countries do decide to approve some student debt relief the neediest students should be helped first. 28．How does the author introduce the problem of student loan? A．By making a comparison. B．By making classifications. C．By presenting some statistics. D．By setting down general rules. 29．What can we learn about student loan debt relief? A．It will surely provide some benefits to borrowers. B．It has already been carried out in the United States. C．It aims to encourage more students to borrow money. D．It will prevent a person from landing a well-paying job. 30．What is the professors' attitude to debt forgiveness? A．Uncaring. B．Positive. C．Disapproving. D．Cautious. 31．What's the main idea of the text? A．Student loan debt is the most serious problem worldwide. B．Growing global student debt fuels search for solutions. C．Student loan debt tends to pull the needy out of trouble. D．People hold different opinions on debt forgiveness. D There was a time when the major concern with AI safety had been the one evil super intelligence, reflected in the movie “The Terminator”. However, the game “Tacoma” takes a different approach. It assumes that there will be numerous AGI (artificial general intelligence) in the world and that any AGI, even a safely designed one, in the wrong hands at the wrong time could cause live« to be lost. That's the future that a growing number of AI safety experts are worried about. This is not a new idea. In the book “Engineering a Safer World,” MIT professor Nancy G. Leveson addresses common misunderstandings about safety-critical systems engineering: engineering systems whose failure could lead to human loss. Such safety-critical technologies include aviation, nuclear power, automobiles, heavy chemicals, biotechnology, and, of course, AGI. So what can be done? Technology isn’t always the solution. A famous example is the invention of sonic radars (声波雷达) that were supposed to help ships detect nearby obstacles, but which only increased the rate of accidents. Why? Captains sailed faster, thinking they could get away with it thanks to the new safety technology. Instead of technologies, Leveson's book suggests, we should be making organizational changes. Additionally, Leveson suggests, among many complicated guidelines, organizations should be aware that safety guidelines will inevitably become lax over time. As a consequence, measures should be carried out to prevent potential disasters. What lessons can we draw from concern with AI safety? The answer may lie in recent disaster narratives (叙述 ), which remind us that, especially in limes like this, we shouldn't forget the potential for other disasters. Public conscience really does matter. And if we're all better at thinking about safety we citizens, maybe we really can prevent disasters. 32．Why does the author mentioned “The Terminator” in the first paragraph? A．To arouse readers' interest in The Terminator. B．To introduce the topic of concern with AI safely. C．To mention the similarity between “The Terminator” and “Tacoma”. D．To make readers recall the evil super intelligence reflected in the movie. 33．Why did the rate of ship accidents still increase after the invention of sonic radars? A．Because captains seldom used them. B．Because the radars failed to work properly. C．Because captains depended on them too much. D．Because the ships couldn't detect nearby obstacles. 34．What does the underlined word “lax” in paragraph 5 refer to? A．Safe. B．Important. C．Unreliable. D．Unnecessary. 35．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Disaster prevention Lessons from AI. B．Safety problems in modern society. C．Engineering development in modern days. D．Future applications of artificial intelligence. 第二节（共 5小题；每小题 2.5分，满分 12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Music makes you more creative.36． , they come up with more creative solutions, according to researchers. It may be because music improves your brain’s flexibility. Another reason may be that it relaxes you enough for the creative juices to flow. But don’t play music too loudly. Music can help during surgery. 37． . After surgery, it helps reduce pain. An analysis of 73 studies confirmed that listening to music before, during or after surgery reduces anxiety and pain levels, which in turn means less pain medication. 38． Studies have found that when you’re running, biking or walking, you’ll go farther with music on. Music relieves your discomfort and motivates you to stay on. The effect is so obviously great that the author of a review examining the psychological effects of music on exercise called music “a type of legal performance-improvement drug”. Music aids sleep. Listening to music before bed can help you fall asleep faster and wake up less often during the night. 39． . In one study, seniors with sleep problems who listened to 45 minutes of soft slow music before bed reported a 35 percent improvement in their sleep. Music gets you to ignore the passing of time. Scientists have shown repeatedly that people judge a period of waiting shorter when music is playing. Businessmen use that to their advantage, playing music so you stay longer and spend more. For instance, more drinks and food are sold in bars and restaurants when music is played. 40． , grocery sales increase by 38 percent. A．In this case, you’ll feel more relaxed in the morning B．And if the background music is slow C．Then you play a piece of brief music D．When people listen to happy music than when they sit in silence E. When music is played varying from a tune to another F. Music makes you get rid of the idea of quitting a workout G. Listening to music before surgery has been shown to ease anxiety 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空 白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Mark Bertram, 46, lost the tips of two 41 at work in 2018 when his hand was 42 in a fan belt. After countless 43 and physical therapy (物理疗法), Bertram decided to improve his condition by asking Eric Catalano, a tattoo artist, to create fingernail tattoos. “Plastic surgery gave me no hope,” he says. “So I looked for other 44 .” The idea made everyone in the studio laugh—until they 45 the final result. “The tattoos blend in rather than 46 . My mood suddenly changed,” Catalano 47 . “Like magic, everything turned from 48 to ‘wow’.” When Catalano 49 a photo of the tattoos, a pair of fingernails that looked so 50 , no one could believe their eyes. He had no idea the 51 would eventually be viewed by millions of people around the world. The wide-spread photo pushed Catalano, 40, further into the world of paramedical tattooing. Now people with life-changing scars come to visit him. Using flesh-toned inks and a needle, Catalano 52 his customers' view of themselves. While Catalano 53 $ 100 per regular tattoo, he created paramedical tattoos for free. “ 54 , it doesn’t make sense,” Catalano says. “But every time I see that emotion from my 55 , I'm 100 percent sure this is something that I can’t stop doing.” 41．A．fingers B．fingernails C．arms D．shoulders 42．A．absorbed B．placed C．trapped D．folded 43．A．checkups B．surgeries C．adjustments D．battles 44．A．doctors B．hospitals C．options D．suggestions 45．A．considered B．confirmed C．denied D．witnessed 46．A．wear away B．stand out C．come out D．go away 47．A．recalls B．argues C．announces D．reminds 48．A．strange B．special C．funny D．curious 49．A．took B．printed C．copied D．posted 50．A．real B．different C．lovely D．ordinary 51．A．comment B．image C．creation D．reaction 52．A．defends B．assesses C．supports D．transforms 53．A．charges B．spends C．donates D．raises 54．A．Gradually B．Basically C．Financially D．Consequently 55．A．colleagues B．customers C．friends D．patients 第Ⅱ卷（非选择题） 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 30分） 第二节（共 10小题，每小题 1.5分，共 15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Peking Opera is a form of traditional Chinese theater that56． ( appear) in Beijing in the late 18th century.57． (combine) music, song, dance and acrobatics (杂技动作) in a lively and colorful display, it is a 58． ( relative) new style of drama, compared to other types of Chinese theater. In the early years of Peking Opera, all the actors were men,59． the roles of women played by young boys. The stories fell into two main 60． ( category) -wen, or civil theater, which focused on love, marriage and other civilian concerns, and wu,or military theater, which focused on the theme of war and was known for featuring thrilling stage actions. In the first half of the 61． (twenty) century, the most famous actor of Peking Opera was Mei Lanfang,62． played a key role in popularizing Peking Opera and introducing Chinese theater to the West. Additionally, Mei also took the bold step of taking on female students, which was 63． highly risky and unconventional step at the time. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, Peking Opera performances, which dealt with contemporary and revolutionary themes, were encouraged. Despite 64． ( it) ups and downs, Peking Opera was revived(复兴) in the 1980s and continues to 65． (perform) today. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分 15分） 假定你是李华，上周末你们班在附近社区的老年人活动中心组织了一次义工活动。请你为校英 文报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1.陪伴老人，教老人智能手机的生活应用等； 2.活动反响。 注意： 1.写作词汇应为 80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答案卡的相应位置作答。 A Significant Voluntary Activity _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ ___ 第二节 读后续写（满分 25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词 数应为 150左右。 I looked out at the smiling faces packed into the school hall. Flashes from cameras lit up in all directions. The applause filled my ears. I had done it. I had really done it. Just a few months earlier, I would never have pictured myself acting in a play in front of two hundred people."Not for a million dollars," I would have said. But when the time came, I got up on stage and faced one of my greatest fears-and discovered I could do more than I ever gave myself credit for. I found a new person inside me, a much more daring, outgoing person who had been hidden all along, just waiting for the opportunity to appear. If not for my teacher, Mrs Sather, I might never have found that opportunity. In the first and second grade, I was extremely shy. I had friends, but it just wasn't in my personality to be very outgoing, even when I knew someone well. I was afraid I would do or say something wrong, so usually I just smiled and listened to other people's conversations. I did well in school and I loved to write. However, I would escape into my writing, where I could be myself and never had to worry about what other people thought of me. In my stories, I was never shy. My teacher, Mrs Sather, always encouraged me to write more. She told our class to go after our dreams and dig in with both hands. I think she was one of the first people to see my inner strength. One day, she announced that our class was going to perform a play she had written." I'll begin to cast everyone tomorrow," she said." I need someone who is not afraid to be on stage in front of a lot of people to play the lead part of Dorothy. Anybody want to try?" A few excited hands shot up-mine, of course, was not one of them-and Mrs Sather smiled." We'll talk more about it tomorrow," she said. Then the bell rang and my classmates slowly left the classroom. Paragraph 1: When I was loading up my backpack, Mrs Sather asked me to go to her. _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ ____ Paragraph 2: Hearing Mrs Sather’s words, I realized it was time to make a change. _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____ 英 语 答案解析 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 【答案】1-5 BCBBC 6-10 ABAAB 11-15 BCBCB 16-20 CACAA 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分） 【答案】21-23 ABD 【解析】 21．细节理解题。根据小标题 Notah BegayⅢ Junior Golf National Championship 中的 “A remarkable opportunity will be offered by the Notah BegayⅢ Junior Golf National Championship to its participants: an event broadcast by Golf Channel.” Notah BegayⅢ青少年高尔夫全国锦标赛将为参加者提 供一个非凡的机会 :由高尔夫频道转播的赛事。由此可知 Notah BegayⅢ Junior Golf National Championship能在电视上观看。故选 A。 22．细节理解题。根据小标题 Thunderbird International Junior 中的 “However, this year it is scheduled on different dates for the first time, from April 9 to 12, …” 然而，今年的比赛第一次安排在不同 的日期，从 4月 9日到 12日......由此可知 Thunderbird International Junior在 4月 9日到 12日进行。 故选 B。 23．细节理解题。根据小标题 Gator Invitational 中的“Because of that, the Gator Invitational, as a junior boys' event, has made a significant decision on becoming a 54-hole event by adding a round this year.” 正因为如此，Gator邀请赛，作为一项初级男孩赛事，做出了一个重大决定，在今年增加一轮比赛， 成为一项 54-hole赛事，由此可知，Gator Invitational比赛的数量发生了变化。故选 D。 【答案】24-27 DCAB 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要通过讲述作者发明无袋吸尘器的经历，揭示了“失败为成功之母” 的道理。 24．细节理解题。根据文章第一段末尾句内容“I hated changing the vacuum cleaner (真空吸尘器) bag and picking up things the machine did not suck up. Twenty years later, in 1978, with this lifelong dislike of the way the machine worked, I decided to make a bagless one.”我讨厌换真空吸尘器的袋子，讨厌把吸尘器 吸不进去的东西捡起来。二十年后，也就是 1978年，我对这台机器的工作方式一直很反感，于是决定 做一台无袋的。可知，对于真空吸尘器的反感导致了作者研制一种无袋吸尘器。故选 D项。 25．主旨大意题。通读文章第二段内容，可知其段落结构为总分总结构，首句内容“Easier said than done, of course.”和末尾句内容“These were tough times, but each failure brought me closer to solving the problem.”点明本段主旨要义，即作者发明无袋吸尘器过程中遇到的一些困难。故选 C项。 26．细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“The major vacuum makers had built a business model based on the profits from bags and filters. No one would license my idea, not because it was a bad one, but because it was bad for business”可知，没人会认可作者的想法是因为真空吸尘器的包装袋和过滤器能够给商家带 来盈利，而作者发明的无袋吸尘器会使商家失去原有的能够带来盈利的部分，因此商家担心其不能带 来盈利反而可能会导致损失。故选 A项。 27．推理判断题。作者在文章末尾点明主旨，揭示道理：Today, I still embrace risk and the potential for failure as part of the process. Nothing beats the excitement of invention.可知，作者的“无袋吸尘器”发明 经历使他明白了风险和失败在发明过程中是可能存在的。故选 B项。 【答案】28-31 CADB 【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了学生债务成全球性问题，各国都在寻求解决方案。 28．推理判断题。由第一段可知，在美国，2019年全国学生债务总额达到了创纪录的 1.6万亿美 元。平均每个学生的助学贷款在 2万到 2.5万美元之间。日本政府最近的一份报告说，自 2010年以来， 日本每年向学生发放的贷款已经超过 90亿美元。非洲和南美洲也存在类似的情况。所以判断出作者通 过展示一些统计数据介绍学生贷款的问题。故选 C项。 29．细节理解题。由倒数第三段“They found that, overall, sudden debt relief greatly improved the borrowers' lives. Not only did they have more money, but they were more likely to move to a new area and seek better paying work.”可知，他们发现，总的来说，突然的债务减免极大地改善了借款人的生活。他 们不仅有更多的钱，而且更有可能搬到一个新的地区，寻找更高收入的工作。所以债务减免肯定会给 借款人带来一些好处。故选 A项。 30．推理判断题。根据第四段中 They found that, overall, sudden debt relief greatly improved the borrowers' lives. Not only did they have more money, but they were more likely to move to a new area and seek better paying work.可知，教授们认为免除学生债务是有好处的，这大大改善借款人的生活，他们 不仅有更多的钱，而且更有可能搬到一个新的地区，寻找薪水更高的工作。再根据第五段中 Yet the professors’ research doesn’t include what might happen to financial institutions or the overall economy if debt were totally forgiven. It only looks at how debt forgiveness would help the borrowers. They warn of some other possible negative effects.可知，他们的研究不包括如果完全免除债务，金融机构或整个经济 可能会发生什么。它只着眼于债务免除将如何帮助借款人。他们警告说，还有其他一些可能的负面影 响。由此判断出，教授们对债务免除的态度是谨慎的。故选 D项。 31．主旨大意题。由第一段“Student loan (贷款) debt has become a worldwide problem.”学生贷款债 务已经成为一个世界性的问题。由第三段“To solve the problem, many countries are seeking their ways.” 为了解决这个问题，许多国家都在寻找解决方案。所以短文主要是关于不断增长的全球学生债务促使 各国寻找解决方案。故选 B项。 【答案】32-35 BCCA 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人们对人工智能安全的担忧，作者提出如果公民都能更 好地考虑安全问题，也许我们真的可以预防灾难的想法。 32．推理判断题。根据第一段 There was a time when the major concern with AI safety had been the one evil super intelligence, reflected in the movie “The Terminator”.可推断，作者提及《终结者》是为了介绍 本文对人工智能安全的担忧的主题。故选 B项。 33．细节理解题。根据第四段 Captains sailed faster, thinking they could get away with it thanks to the new safety technology.可见，是因为他们过于依赖新技术使得事故发生更多。故选 C项。 34．词义猜测题。根据第五段 As a consequence, measures should be carried out to prevent potential disasters.可猜测，随着时间的推移，安全指南也不再安全，所以 lax意为“不可靠的”。故选 C项。 35．主旨大意题。根据最后一段 What lessons can we draw from concern with AI safety?及全文内容 可知，本文主要讲述我们人类在人工智能安全中获得的教训。故选 A项。 【答案】36-40 DGFAB 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了音乐的一些好处，包括听音乐会使人更有创造力、有助于 降低手术前、手术中或手术后的焦虑和疼痛水平、让人更能坚持锻炼以及辅助睡眠等等。 36．根据后文 they come up with more creative solutions, according to researchers. It may be because music improves your brain’s flexibility. Another reason may be that it relaxes you enough for the creative juices to flow.可知他们会想出更有创意的解决方案。这可能是因为音乐提高了你大脑的灵活性。另一个原因可 能是它能让你足够放松，让你的创造性思维得以流动。由此可知，本句是在说明当人们听着快乐的音 乐时，他们会更有创造力。故 D选项“当人们听着快乐的音乐，而不是静静地坐着”符合上下文语境， 故选 D。 37．根据后文 After surgery, it helps reduce pain. An analysis of 73 studies confirmed that listening to music before, during or after surgery reduces anxiety and pain levels, which in turn means less pain medication.可 知手术后，它有助于减轻疼痛。一项对 73项研究的分析证实，在手术前、手术中或手术后听音乐可以 降低焦虑和疼痛水平，从而减少止痛药。由此可知，本句是在说明手术前听音乐可以缓解焦虑。故 G 选项“手术前听音乐已被证明可以缓解焦虑”符合上下文语境，故选 G。 38．根据后文 Studies have found that when you’re running, biking or walking, you’ll go farther with music on. Music relieves your discomfort and motivates you to stay on.可知研究发现，当你跑步、骑自行车或走 路时，你会随着音乐走得更远。音乐可以缓解你的不适，激励你坚持下去。由此可知，运动时听音乐 能让人坚持下去，走得更远，打消放弃的念头。故 F选项“音乐能让你打消放弃锻炼的念头”符合上下 文语境，故选 F。 39．根据上文Music aids sleep. Listening to music before bed can help you fall asleep faster and wake up less often during the night.可知音乐辅助睡眠。睡前听音乐可以帮助你更快入睡，减少夜间醒来的次数。由 此可知，音乐有助于睡眠质量的提高，那么结果就是人们早上醒来会感到更放松。故 A选项“在这种 情况下，你会在早上感到更放松”符合上下文语境，故选 A。 40．根据上文 Scientists have shown repeatedly that people judge a period of waiting shorter when music is playing. Businessmen use that to their advantage, playing music so you stay longer and spend more.可知科 学家们已经反复证明，当音乐响起时，人们会判断等待的时间变短了。商家利用这一点，播放音乐， 让你待得更久，花得更多。以及后文 grocery sales increase by 38 percent.可知杂货店的销售额会增加 38%。 由此可知，在酒吧和餐厅播放的背景音乐如果是舒缓的，那么人们会停留更久，消费更多，从而导致 杂货店的销售额会增加 38%。故 B选项“如果背景音乐是慢的”符合上下文语境，故选 B。 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 【答案】41-45 ACBCD 46-50 BACDA 51-55 BDACB 【解析】 41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：2018年，46岁的Mark Bertram在工作中被风扇皮带卡住，失 去了两根指尖。A. fingers手指；B. fingernails指甲；C. arms胳膊；D. shoulders肩膀。根据后文“to create fingernail tattoos”可推知 Bertram 是失去了两根手指的指尖部分。故选 A。 42．考查动词词义辨析。A. absorbed吸收；B. placed放置；C. trapped诱捕，卡住；D. folded 折叠。根据前后文“his hand was … in a fan belt”可知，是因为手指被风扇皮带卡住，所以失去了两根指 尖。故选 C。 43．考查名词词义辨析。A. checkups检查；B. surgeries 手术；C. adjustments调整；D. battles 战斗。结合后文“and physical therapy”可知失去了指尖，Bertram 经过了无数次的手术和物理治疗来恢 复。后文“Plastic surgery gave me no hope”也是提示。故选 B。 44．考查名词词义辨析。上文提到他经过了无数的手术和物理治疗都没有恢复，所以他选择了 纹身这种其他的选择。故选 C。 45．考查动词词义辨析。A. considered考虑；B. confirmed 确认；C. denied拒绝；D. witnessed 目击，目睹。根据后文“the final result”可知指工作室里的人目睹了手指纹身的最终成果，witness符合 语境。故选 D。 46．考查动词短语辨析。A. wear away磨损；B. stand out清晰地显出，突兀；C. come out出版； D. go away走开。根据上文“The tattoos blend in rather than”可知纹身和手指相融入，而不突兀，stand out 符合语境。故选 B。 47．考查动词词义辨析。A. recalls回想起；B. argues争论；C. announces宣布；D. reminds提醒。 给 Bertram 纹身发生在过去，因此是在回忆。故选 A。 48．考查形容词词义辨析。A. strange 奇怪的；B. special特别的；C. funny有趣的；D. curious 好奇的。根据上文“Like magic, everything turned from”可知 Bertram的这个纹身就像魔术一样，一开始 有趣，完成后又令人惊叹。故选 C。 49．考查动词词义辨析。A. took带走；B. printed印刷；C. copied复制；D. posted张贴，发布。 根据后文“be viewed by millions of people around the world”可知，照片最后被全世界的人看到，可推知 是把照片发布到了网上。故选 D。 50．考查形容词词义辨析。根据后文“no one could believe their eyes”可知，由于纹身指甲太过真 实，令人不敢相信自己的眼睛。故选 A。 51．考查名词词义辨析 A. comment评论；B. image 图像，照片；C. creation创造；D. reaction 反应。呼应上文“a photo of the tattoos”指纹身照片。故选 B。 52．考查动词词义辨析。A. defends辩护；B. assesses评定；C. supports支持；D. transforms 变 换，改变。根据后文“his customers’ view of themselves”结合上文这些顾客都是带着疤痕来纹身的，可 知 Catalano通过自己的技术改变了顾客对自己的看法。故选 D。 53．考查动词词义辨析。A. charges收费，指控；B. spends花费；C. donates捐赠；D. raises 提 高。根据后文“$ 100 per regular tattoo”可知指纹身收费，charge符合语境。故选 A。 54．考查副词词义辨析。A. Gradually逐渐地；B. Basically 基本上；C. Financially 财政上；D. Consequently因此。结合上文可知，Catalano的辅助医疗纹身收费比其他普通纹身收费便宜很多，因 此从经济上来说，这一做法对他本人的收入并没有太大意义。故选 C。 55．考查名词词义辨析。呼应上文“his customers’ view of themselves”指 Catalano看到顾客的反 应。故选 B。 第二节（共 10小题，每小题 1.5分，共 15分） 【答案】 56．appeared 57．Combining 58．relatively 59．with 60．categories 61．twentieth 62．who 63．a 64．its 65．be performed 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了京剧是中国传统戏剧的一种形式，于 18世纪末出现在北京。 它集音乐、歌曲、舞蹈和杂技于一身，生动活泼，色彩斑斓，与其他类型的中国戏剧相比，它是一种 相对较新的戏剧风格。文章介绍了京剧的发展历史和代表人物梅兰芳的情况。 56．考查动词时态。根据后文 in the late 18th century.可知描述过去的事实应用一般过去时。故填 appeared。 57．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知 combine 在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语 it构 成主动关系，故用现在分词。句首字母要大写。故填 Combining。 58．考查副词。修饰后文形容词 new应用副词 relatively，表示“相当地”。故填 relatively。 59．考查介词。句意：在京剧的早期，所有的演员都是男性，年轻的男孩扮演女性的角色。此处 表伴随应用介词 with。这是 with 的复合结构。故填 with。 60．考查名词的数。category为可数名词，由 two修饰应用复数形式。故填 categories。 61．考查序数词。句意：在 20世纪上半叶，最著名的京剧演员是梅兰芳，她在京剧的普及和中国 戏剧向西方的介绍中发挥了关键作用。结合句意表示“20世纪”短语为 the twentieth century，应用序数 词。故填 twentieth。 62．考查非限定性定语从句。此处为非限定性定语从句修饰先行词Mei Lanfang，且先行词在从句 中做主语，指人，故用关系代词 who。故填 who。 63．考查冠词。step为可数名词，此处表示泛指应用不定冠词，且 highly 为辅音音素开头的单词。 故填 a。 64．考查代词。修饰后文名词短语 ups and downs“起起伏伏”应用形容词性物主代词 its。故填 its。 65．考查非谓语动词。根据短语 continue to do sth.可知应填不定式，且 perform与 Peking Opera构 成被动，故应用 to be done形式。故填 be performed。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分 15分） A Significant Voluntary Activity Last weekend, our class attended a voluntary activity in a community senior center nearby. Some of us entertained the elderly by singing Nanyin and doing magic tricks. Others chatted with them. They were overjoyed for our coming and the senior center was full of laughter. Besides, we also taught them how to use smartphones in everyday life, such as showing the health QR code, calling a taxi and making an appointment with the doctor. They were impressed by the convenience technology brings. The activity is so meaningful that we all feel rewarded and determined to visit them regularly. 第二节 读后续写（满分 25 分） When I was loading up my backpack, Mrs. Sather asked me to go to her. Mrs. Sather stared into my eyes as if seeing my inner self locked away inside. “I would love you to give this a try for me. But if you really don't want to, I won’t make you. It is your choice.” Mrs. Sather wanted me in this role. She shocked me, for I was always a shy person, not even dare to speak loud in public. Hearing Mrs Sather’s words, I realized it was time to make a change. I decided to throw off my shy cloak. I wanted to prove that I also could do something good in public. After seconds of hesitation, I nodded my head, confidently saying “Mrs Sather I want to, no, I am determined to play the role. And I will try my best to perform it well.” Looking at me with a big smile on face, Mrs Sather said ''I believe in you. If you met some problem, you can turn to me.'' ''Thank you! '' I left her office happily.