陕西省宝鸡市2021届高三联考英语试题(含听力)(原卷版+听力+解析版)
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2021 年高三联考试题 英语 第一部分 听力(共两节,满分 30 分) 第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1. 5 分,满分 7. 5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听完每段对话后,你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读 一 遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】 What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Colleagues. C. Employer and employee. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: Oh, dear, when shall we have our new house painted? I can’t wait to move into it from here. M: How about July 5? I'm free that day. W: Good. It fits us two. But we should call the company for an appointment first. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】 What is the woman doing? A. Looking for a station. B. Giving road directions. C. Appreciating the man. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the station? W: Go up the road, turn right, then take the second left—you’ll see the station building in front of you. M: Many thanks! 3. 【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】 What will the man do around 5: 30? A. Have dinner at home. B. Work with the woman. C. Make a call to the woman. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Are you coming to dinner at 6:30 tonight? M: I don’t know. I have to work late tonight. I'll give you a call around 5:30. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】 What is the woman looking for? A. The exit. B. A parking area. C. A distant block. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Excuse me, may I park here? M: Sorry, but parking is not allowed here. You will need to exit the lot, and drive a couple of blocks. There will be a paid parking area on your right. W: Will do. I appreciate your help. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】 Where are the speakers? A. In a gym. B. In a concert. C. At a dance club. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: How do you like the music at this dance club? M: It's great. May I have a dance with you? W: Sure, but please remember not to step on my foot again. 第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1. 5 分,满分 22. 5 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项 中 选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题 5 秒钟;听完后, 各 小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】 6. What is the woman? A. An athlete. B. A policewoman. C. A bank manager. 7. Why does the woman apologize to the man? A. She mistook him as a thief. B. She stole him of his money. C. She broke his hands and head. 【答案】6. B 7. A 【解析】 【原文】W: OK, stop right there you thief! Don’t move! M: Don’t shoot! W: Put your hands over your head and don’t make any sudden move. M: Look, officer, I'm afraid you have the wrong person. I'm the bank manager, not the thief. W: Are you sure? Oh, I'm sorry. I'm afraid I've made a terrible mistake. M: Well, you still have a chance to get your man. I saw somebody carrying a bag full of money running that way. 听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】 8. When did the man come to live in China? A. About half a year ago. B. About a year ago. C. About three years ago. 9. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At home. B. In a restaurant. C. In a grocery store. 【答案】8. C 9. B 【解析】 【原文】W: How long have you been living in China? M: About three years now. W: Are you used to the food in this restaurant? M: Yes, I like it very much. W: What about chopsticks? Are you used to using them? M: It took me half a year to get used to it but now it's a piece of cake. 听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】 10. Why is the woman calling the man? A. To ask if her motorbike is ready. B. To reserve a new bike of City Zip. C. To have her new motorbike sent back. 11. What is needed to fix the bike? A. Some parts. B. A repairman. C. A permission. 12. What will the woman do at the end of the week? A. Fix the bike. B. Call the man again. C. Pick up the bike. 【答案】10. A 11. A 12. B 【解析】 【原文】M: Hello, Tom Wilson’s, can I help you? W: Hi there, it's Emma Lloyd here. I'm calling about my motorbike. Is it ready to be collected yet? M: Can you remind me what’s the make of the bike? W: It’s a City Zip. It’s blue. M: Oh yes. We had to order in some parts, but they still haven’t arrived yet I'm afraid. W: Do you know when the bike will be ready to pick up? M: Sorry, I don't know. But I'll call our suppliers and find out if they’ve sent out the spare parts yet. Once the parts are here we can fix the bike in two or three days. W: Okay, I'll give you a call at the end of the week, then. M: Sure. 听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】 13. What does the woman mean at first? A. She isn't interested in sweet. B. She can't eat much chocolate. C. She dislikes watching movies. 14. How often does the woman usually go to the dentist? A. Twice a year. B. Six times a year. C. Three times a day. 15. How did the woman take care of her teeth? A. By using special toothpaste. B. By brushing teeth every 3 days. C. By drinking more tea and coffee. 16. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. How to brush teeth properly. B. Their unhealthy eating habits. C. The woman's tooth problem. 【答案】13. B 14. A 15. A 16. C 【解析】 【原文】M: Let’s enjoy the movie and eat the chocolate. W: Well, I wish I could eat a lot of chocolate. M: Why not? Don’t think too much. It's free for you! W: I'm afraid of suffering toothache. M: I see. But didn’t you tell me for having your teeth fixed just a couple of days ago? W: I did, but I always have problems with sweet and stuff like that. Perhaps my teeth are very sensitive. M: How often do you visit the dentist? W: I go to the dentist regularly every 6 months and also when I have a toothache. M: What did the dentist say about your teeth? W: She suggested that I use special toothpaste to avoid feeling painful while I was brushing my teeth. She also asked me to brush my teeth at least three times a day. M: So have you done it? W: Yes, I have. But the problem is that I really love drinking sweetened iced tea and coffee. M: You'd better choose the best and the right ones, so next time you will be free of toothache. 听下面一段独白,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】 17. What is the speaker's attitude to his childhood life in the country? A. Uncertain. B. Disappointed. C. Satisfied. 18. What does the speaker say about flats in France? A. They were very quiet. B. They were expensive. C. They were big enough. 19. Why does the speaker consider a flat suitable for the elderly? A. It offers free heating. B. There are kind neighbors. C. It's more secure. 20. How can the elderly benefit from a garden? A. They can exercise through gardening. B. They can attract more funny neighbors. C. They can sell vegetables in it for money. 【答案】17. C 18. B 19. C 20. A 【解析】 【原文】M: When I was a child, I lived in a house in the country. I had my own bedroom, and I could explore every square meter of land. It was really a pleasant life. Then I left my country at 16, I went to France and I had to face new problems. And I discovered life in flats: inconvenient, a lot of noise, and the rooms were smaller, and even if the rooms were smaller, the price was really high. However, now I also find there are many advantages of living in flats. If it is very cold, it's good to have neighbors at your top, bottom and on every side because of the heating. It's a really funny thing. Regardless of your age, and your culture, I think a flat can be more suitable, especially for the elderly because it's more secure and they don’t need to maintain the place. On the other hand, when they have their house and a garden, it can be an opportunity to exercise by planting and watering the flowers and vegetables. Anyway, I think both lives can be suitable as long as you are happy with that. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分 40 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。 A Technology Risk Audit (审计)Manager Needed Job Description Summary We believe we're best positioned to make a meaningful effect on the economy. Our ideas can let our clients make big decisions about the future and unlock sustainable(可持续发展的) growth. With a strict focus on quality, we help businesses, communities and our people to grow. Things you can expect from the role The work makes quality second nature. The work that you will do has a major effect on our clients and our firm. We pride ourselves on the high-level standards and quality we expect from our people. You'll be responsible for developing the way to IT risk on clients(客户)and building and keeping good working relationships with all colleagues and clients. The minimum criteria • Post-qualified experience within risk management, or external(外部的)audit, as an IT auditor and will have experience of excellent data analytics within an audit environment • Professionally qualified (ACA, CA, ACCA) • You'll be familiar with accounting systems such as SAP, Oracle, Sage etc. • Experience with using data analytics software: IDEA or ACL, Tableau, Qlik, Power BI, SAS or similar Benefits Unlike most firms? we're also a shared enterprise. So when the firm does well, everyone does well by taking home a share of the profits. Of course, to get those profits, we need to share ideas and share responsibility for our work, too. Families, children, sports, night classes, the things you do and the people you're with outside work matter. They can inspire and motivate you. Inside the office and out. So if you'd like to work flexibly, let us know. We're happy to look at flexible working choices for all our roles, and well always do our best to keep your work and life in balance. 21. What is one of the duties of the position? A. Making decisions for clients. B. Hiring more team members. C. Providing solutions on IT risk. D. Offering voluntary IT services. 22. What is the requirement for the application? A. Much managing and IT knowledge. B. Experiences as a sports team player. C. Awareness of environmental protection. D. Some necessary basic skills in building. 23. What can an applicant get if he/she gets the job? A. He/She can be given inspiration from the job. B. He/She can choose flexible working time. C. He/She can always take the company profits. D. He/She can take free night classes for growth. 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇应用文。本文是关于技术风险审计经理的招聘启事。 【21 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Things you can expect from the role 中的"You'll be responsible for developing the way to IT risk on clients and building and keeping good working relationships with all colleagues and clients(你将负责开发 客户的 IT 风险管理方案,与所有同事和客户建立并保持良好的工作关系)."可知这个职位的职责之一是提供 关于技术风险的解决方案。故选 C。 【22 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 The minimum criteria 中"Post-qualified experience within risk management, or external audit, as an IT auditor and will have experience of excellent data analytics within an audit environment(在风险管理或外 部审计方面有 IT 审核员的资格,并在审计环境中有出色的数据分析经验)”可知,申请该职位要求要有管理 和 IT 知识。故选 A。 【23 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Benefits 中“So if you'd like to work flexibly, let us know. We're happy to look at flexible working choices for all our roles..( 所以如果你想要弹性工作,请告诉我们。我们很高兴看到我们所有的员工 都有灵活的工作选择)”可知,如果申请人获得了这份工作,那么他/她可以选择灵活的工作时间。故选 B。 B It was a day in late December. The Christmas tree had been taken down. The lights and decorations had been boxed up and put in the closet until next year. And I was feeling a little empty. Surely I wasn't looking forward to the long, cold, dark winter to come. I had always been a light lover on the inside. I tried to take comfort in knowing that a few more minutes of daylight was being added each day, but it hardly worked. I was both surprised and delighted when I looked, out of my window and saw that a spring-like day had suddenly arrived. I could hear the neighborhood children outside playing in the warm air. I smiled when I saw them and my inner little girl longed to be out there riding bikes and playing games as well. I tied my dogs for their afternoon walk hoping to enjoy some of the sunshine myself. As I was about to head out the door, however, I decided to do something a little different. I reached down and pulled my shoes and socks off. I hadn't been barefoot outside since the summer. I slowly stepped out on the cool damp grass. It felt so alive under my feet. I laughed as I walked along. I remembered something I once read too, “Walk as if you were kissing the earth with your feet.” And with each step I did so. My walk felt sacred and holy. I felt a oneness with the world and the love of Heaven all around me. With love in my heart, I thanked God for the gift of this day and no longer dreaded the coming of the winter. I thought I had gathered enough energy and courage to welcome it. AH of us are walking through this life. But it is up to each of us how we do so. Are you going to trip and walk with heavy steps and complain with each step you take? Or are you going to kiss the earth with your feet and Heaven with your heart? The choice is yours. 24. How did the author feel shortly after Christmas at first? A. Surprised. B. Delighted. C. Unhappy. D. Relaxed. 25. Why did the author want to go out? A. She was inspired by delighted children. B. She had to walk her dogs in the afternoon. C. She intended to give the neighbors warmth. D. She was touched by her childhood memories. 26. What a different thing did the author do? A. She kissed the earth lovingly. B. She walked barefoot outside. C. She read a book on the grass. D. She dried her feet in the sun. 27. What does the underlined word “dreaded” mean in Paragraph 3? A. Forgot. B. Judged. C. Desired. D. Feared. 【答案】24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了圣诞节过后的作者感到不开心,在外面玩得开心的孩子们的影响下作者 决定外出走走,也做了一件不同的事情那就是脱下了鞋子和袜子赤脚走到外面去,作者感到自己与世界融 为一体,不再害怕冬天的到来了。 【24 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“And I was feeling a little empty. Surely I wasn't looking forward to the long, cold, dark winter to come.(我觉得有点空虚。当然,我并没有期待着漫长、寒冷、黑暗的冬天的到来)”以及“I tried to take comfort in knowing that a few more minutes of daylight was being added each day, but it hardly worked.(我 试着了解到每天都要增加几分钟的白昼来安慰自己,但这几乎不起作用)”可推知,圣诞节过后的作者起初 感到不开心。故选 C。 【25 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“I could hear the neighborhood children outside playing in the warm air. I smiled when I saw them and my inner little girl longed to be out there riding bikes and playing games as well.(我能听到邻 居家的孩子们在外面温暖的空气中玩耍。 我笑了,当我看到他们,我内心的小女孩渴望出去骑自行车和玩 游戏)”可推断,作者想要走到外面是受到了那些开心玩耍的孩子们的影响。故选 A。 【26 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“As I was about to head out the door, however, I decided to do something a little different. I reached down and pulled my shoes and socks off. I hadn't been barefoot outside since the summer.(然 而,就在我准备出门的时候,我决定做点不同的事。我伸手脱下鞋子和袜子。从夏天开始我就没在外面光 着脚了)”可知,作者做的一件不一样的事情是在外面赤脚走。故选 B。 【27 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“I thought I had gathered enough energy and courage to welcome it.(我想我已经 有足够的精力和勇气来迎接它)”以及画线词上文“With love in my heart, I thanked God for the gift of this day and no longer”和后文“the coming of the winter”可知,作者怀着心中的爱,感谢上帝赐予今天的礼物,不 再害怕冬天的到来,故画线词意思是“害怕”。A. Forgot.忘记;B. Judged.判断;C. Desired.渴望;D. Feared. 害怕。故选 D。 C A new study on the link between chili (辣椒) and dementia (老年痴呆) may be bad news for spicy food fans as researchers have found that eating lots of chili may cause an increased risk of dementia. The study, led by Zumin Shi, associate professor at the College of Health Sciences of Qatar University, analyzed 4,582 Chinese adults aged 55 and above between 1991 and 2006 and found evidence of faster cognitive (认知) decline in those who consistently ate more than 50 grams of chili a day. “Chili is one of the most commonly used spices in the world and particularly popular in Asia compared to European countries,” Li said in the press release. “In certain regions of China, such as Sichuan and Hunan, almost one in three adults consume spicy food every day.” “Chili consumption was found to be beneficial to body weight and blood pressure in our previous studies. However, in this study, we found negative effects on cognition among older adults,“ Shi said in a press release published on Tuesday. Chili intake included both fresh and dried chili peppers but not sweet capsicums or black peppers, explained Ming Li of the University of South Australia, an author of the study. Capsaicin is the active component in chili which reportedly speeds up metabolism (新陈代谢) and fat loss, and inhibits vascular disorders (抑制血管紊乱), but this is the first longitudinal (纵向的) study to investigate the association between chili intake and cognitive function, researchers said. The researchers said people of normal body weight may be more sensitive to chili intake than overweight people and so their memory and weight suffer a lot. Worldwide, around 50 million people have dementia, and Alzheimer's disease is the most common form that may contribute to 60 to 70 percent of the cases, according to the World Health Organization. At present, no treatment can cure dementia or change its progressive course. 28. What is Paragraph 3 about? A. The planting of chili. B. The popularity of chili. C. The bad effects of chili. D. The custom of eating chili. 29. Who are most likely to suffer from eating lots of chili? A. Overweight seniors. B. Overweight teenagers. C. Seniors of normal body weight. D. Teenagers of normal body weight. 30. According to the passage, chili consumption is found to be harmful to________. A. body weight B. blood pressure C. cognitive abilities D. metabolism 31. What does the passage talk about? A. Eating chili causes dementia. B. Chili is the main cause of dementia. C. Avoiding chili could help dementia. D. Eating too much spicy food might cause dementia. 【答案】28. B 29. C 30. C 31. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现,吃太多辣椒可能导致痴呆症。 【28 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段中““Chili is one of the most commonly used spices in the world and particularly popular in Asia compared to European countries,” Li said in the press release. “In certain regions of China, such as Sichuan and Hunan, almost one in three adults consume spicy food every day.”(南澳大利亚大学的李明在新闻发 布会上说:“辣椒是世界上使用最广泛的香料之一,和欧洲国家相比,它在亚洲特别受欢迎。在中国的某 些地区,如四川、湖南,几乎三分之一的成年人每天都吃辛辣食物”)”可知,本段主要讲了辣椒的受欢迎 程度。故选 B 项。 【29 题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“The researchers said people of normal body weight may be more sensitive to chili intake than overweight people and so their memory and weight suffer a lot. (研究人员表示,正常体重的人可 能比超重的人对辣椒的摄入量更敏感,因此他们的记忆力和体重受到更大的影响) ”和第二段“The study, led by Zumin Shi, associate professor at the College of Health Sciences of Qatar University, analyzed 4,582 Chinese adults aged 55 and above between 1991 and 2006 and found evidence of faster cognitive (认知) decline in those who consistently ate more than 50 grams of chili a day. (这项由卡塔尔大学健康科学学院副教授史祖民领 导的研究,分析了 1991 年至 2006 年期间 4582 名 55 岁及以上的中国成年人,发现有证据表明,每天吃辣 椒超过 50 克的人认知能力下降得更快)”可知,体重正常的 55 岁以上的人吃很多辣椒最有可能受到影响。 故选 C 项。 【30 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The study, led by Zumin Shi, associate professor at the College of Health Sciences of Qatar University, analyzed 4,582 Chinese adults aged 55 and above between 1991 and 2006 and found evidence of faster cognitive (认知) decline in those who consistently ate more than 50 grams of chili a day. (这项由卡塔尔大 学健康科学学院副教授史祖民领导的研究,分析了 1991 年至 2006 年期间 4582 名 55 岁及以上的中国成年 人,发现有证据表明,每天吃辣椒超过 50 克的人认知能力下降得更快)”可知,食用辣椒对认知能力有害。 故选 C 项。 【31 题详解】 主旨大意题。文章第一段总领全文,所以通过第一段“A new study on the link between chili (辣椒) and dementia (老年痴呆) may be bad news for spicy food fans as researchers have found that eating lots of chili may cause an increased risk of dementia. (一项关于辣椒与痴呆症之间联系的新研究可能对辛辣食物迷来说是个坏 消息,因为研究人员发现,吃大量辣椒可能会增加痴呆症的风险)”可知,本文主要说明新的研究发现爱吃 辣椒的人患老年痴呆的风险更大。故选 D。 D In the past few decades, the way we shop has changed dramatically. We used to buy our goods in traditional shops. Now, customers are increasingly buying online, where they can order whatever they want directly to their door with the click of a mouse. As companies race to improve their Internet shopping experience, the trend towards shopping online is predicted to continue. Most people commonly think that online shopping is better than in-store shopping. After all, an online store does not use the electricity that a traditional store might use and it doesn't require the customer to drive anywhere. So you would think the carbon savings must be significant. Take the typical home delivery round in the UK, for example. Supermarket drivers often do 120 deliveries on an 80-kilometre round, producing 20 kilograms of CO2 in total. In contrast, a 21-kilometre drive to the store and back for one household would generate 24 times more CO2! However, the reality is slightly more complex than that. Many home deliveries fail the first time and the driver has to make a second or third attempt to deliver the purchase. The carbon footprint also goes up if the customer chooses to return the item. A study in Germany shows that as many as one in three online purchases are returned. According to another study, merchandise worth nearly $ 326 million is returned each year in the USA. Two billion kilograms of this ends up in landfill, leading to 13 tons of CO2 being released. When we take all these factors into consideration, we realize that online shopping isn't necessarily as green as people might think. There is some positive news, as various online retailers are starting to lower their carbon footprint by turning to electric delivery vehicles. However, the question of how to deal with returns efficiently and without waste is a challenge that many companies have not wanted to face, but they have to shoulder responsibilities. 32. What is a common belief about online shopping according to the text? A. It brings unpleasant changes. B. It increases companies' pressure. C. It is more environment-friendly. D. It costs less than in-store shopping. 33. The data in Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 4 mainly shows that________. A. waste from online shopping should be recycled B. customers should think twice before shopping C. some online items are actually of poor quality D. online shopping may cause much carbon footprint 34. How do online retailers try to reduce carbon footprint? A. By cutting the distance of delivery. B. By using a greener way of delivery. C. By choosing to sell electric vehicles. D. By recycling their customers' returns. 35. What is the best title for the text? A. Bad Environmental Impact of Online Shopping B. Shopping Delivery Is Harming the Environment C. The Advantages and Disadvantages of Shopping D. Online Companies Cause Much Carbon Footprint 【答案】32. C 33. D 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了现在,越来越多的顾客在网上购物,人们普遍认为网上购物更 环保,然而并非如此。文章通过具体的数据来说明了网上购物可能会造成很多碳足迹,指出如何有效地处 理退货,没有浪费,是很多公司不愿意面对的挑战,但他们必须承担责任。 【32 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Most people commonly think that online shopping is better than in-store shopping. After all, an online store does not use the electricity that a traditional store might use and it doesn't require the customer to drive anywhere. So you would think the carbon savings must be significant.(大多数人普遍认为网上 购物比实体店购物好。毕竟,网上商店不用像传统商店那样用电,也不需要顾客开车去任何地方。所以你 会认为碳节约一定是非常重要的)”可知,人们普遍认为网上购物更环保。故选 C。 【33 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Take the typical home delivery round in the UK, for example. Supermarket drivers often do 120 deliveries on an 80-kilometre round, producing 20 kilograms of CO2 in total. In contrast, a 21-kilometre drive to the store and back for one household would generate 24 times more CO2! However, the reality is slightly more complex than that. Many home deliveries fail the first time and the driver has to make a second or third attempt to deliver the purchase.(以英国典型的送货上门为例。超市司机通常每 80 公里送货 120 次,总共产生 20 公斤二氧化碳。相比之下,一个家庭驱车 21 公里到商店来回会产生 24 倍多的二氧化碳! 然 而,实际情况要比这稍微复杂一些。许多送货上门第一次就失败了,司机不得不再尝试一次或第三次送货)” 以及第四段“The carbon footprint also goes up if the customer chooses to return the item. A study in Germany shows that as many as one in three online purchases are returned. According to another study, merchandise worth nearly $ 326 million is returned each year in the USA. Two billion kilograms of this ends up in landfill, leading to 13 tons of CO2 being released. (如果顾客选择退货,碳足迹也会增加。德国的一项研究显示,多达三分之一 的网上购物被退回。 另一项研究显示,美国每年被退回的商品价值近 3.26 亿美元。其中有 20 亿公斤最终 被填埋,导致 13 吨二氧化碳被释放)”可推知,第 3 段和第 4 段的数据主要表明了网上购物可能会造成很多 碳足迹。故选 D。 【34 题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“There is some positive news, as various online retailers are starting to lower their carbon footprint by turning to electric delivery vehicles.(有一些积极的消息,因为各种在线零售商开始转向电动 运输车辆来降低他们的碳足迹)”可知,网上零售商可以使用更环保的运输方式来减少碳足迹。故选 B。 【35 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“When we take all these factors into consideration, we realize that online shopping isn't necessarily as green as people might think.(当我们把所有这些因素都考虑进去的时候,我们意识到网上购 物并不像人们想象的那么环保)”结合文章主要说明了现在,越来越多的顾客在网上购物,人们普遍认为网 上购物更环保,然而并非如此。文章通过具体的数据来说明了网上购物可能会造成很多碳足迹,指出如何 有效地处理退货,没有浪费,是很多公司不愿意面对的挑战,但他们必须承担责任。可知,A 选项“网上 购物对环境的不良影响”最符合文章标题。故选 A。 第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 10 分) 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Be a Good Listener Nowadays, listening is becoming more and more important in communication, especially when your friends talk to you about their problems.___36___But don't worry. There are some tips on how to be a good listener. ___37___Sometimes people feign (假装) listening and they're really just waiting for their friends to stop talking so they can say whatever they’ve been mentally rehearsing (排练). Your friends can usually sense this, and it doesn’t feel good. Also, you tend to miss what's being said because you're not focused. Don’t give advice. I’ve mentioned this many times already, but it's important because unsolicited (未经允许的) advice can actually create stress. It’s common to want to immediately give advice and “fix” your friends’ problems. Unless it’s specifically requested, don’t. While you're trying to help, what would work for you might not work for your friends.___38___ Trust the process.___39___And hearing your friends talk about upset feelings might even make you feel helpless. But usually offering a supportive ear and sitting with your friends in an uncomfortable place is the most helpful thing you can do. And once their feelings are cleared out, the solutions can start coming. Let things even out over time. With all this focus on your friends’ problems, it might be difficult not to focus equal time on your own.___40___If you’re consistently doing all the giving, you can reevaluate the dynamics of the relationship. But being a good listener can make you a stronger, more caring person and bring a more supportive angle to your relationships. A. Stay present. B. Be serious and sincere. C. Advice comes out naturally. D. However, many people fail to listen to others properly. E. It might feel a little scary to listen to feelings before diving into solutions. F. Relax in the knowledge that your friends will be good listeners if you need help. G. Unless asking directly for advice, your friends may just want to feel heard and understood. 【答案】36. D 37. A 38. G 39. E 40. F 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何成为一个好的倾听者。 【36 题详解】 上文“Nowadays, listening is becoming more and more important in communication, especially when your friends talk to you about their problems.(如今,倾听在交流中变得越来越重要,尤其是当你的朋友和你谈论他们的问 题时)”及下文“But don’t worry. There are some tips on how to be a good listener.(但是别担心,这里有一些做 一个好的倾听者的建议)”可知,设空处应是与上文成转折关系。D 项“However, many people fail to listen to others properly.(然而,很多人无法正确地倾听别人)”能够承上启下,符合题意。故选 D。 【37 题详解】 下文“Sometimes people feign (假装) listening and they’re really just waiting for their friends to stop talking so they can say whatever they’ve been mentally rehearsing (排练). Your friends can usually sense this, and it doesn’t feel good. Also, you tend to miss what's being said because you're not focused.(很多人假装在倾听,实际上他们希 望朋友能停止诉说,这样自己就可以说出自己在脑海中排练很久的话。朋友是能够感受到这种心不在焉的 倾听的,而且倾听者也会遗漏听到的话,因为他们没有专注)”可知,下文主要讲要专注地倾听。设空处位 于段落开头位置,应是彰显段落大意。A 项“Stay present.(保持在现场的状态,即要专注地倾听)”与下文一 致。故选 A。 【38 题详解】 上文“Don’t give advice. I’ve mentioned this many times already, but it's important because unsolicited advice can actually create stress.(不要给建议,我已经提过很多次了,但这很重要,因为不请自来的建议实际上会造成压 力)”及“Unless it’s specifically requested, don’t.(除非是特别要求的,否则不要做)”讲到除非是特别要求的, 否则不要轻易提建议。设空处位于段尾,具有总结上文的作用。G 项“Unless asking directly for advice, your friends may just want to feel heard and understood.(除非你的朋友直接向你询问建议,否则他们可能只是想要被 倾听和理解)”与符合题意。故选 G。 【39 题详解】 下文“And hearing your friends talk about upset feelings might even make you feel helpless.(听到你的朋友谈论 沮丧的感觉,甚至可能让你感到无助)”可知,倾听朋友的负面情绪会让人感到无助。E 项“It might feel a little scary to listen to feelings before diving into solutions.(也许在寻求解决方案之前一直倾听别人的情感倾诉是有 点吓人的)”符合题意。故选 E。 【40 题详解】 上文“With all this focus on your friends' problems, it might be difficult not to focus equal time on your own.(把 所有精力都放在朋友的问题上,不把同样的时间放在自己身上可能很难)”及下文“If you're consistently doing all the giving, you can re-evaluate the dynamics of the relationship.(如果你一直都在付出,你可以重新评估 你们之间的关系)”可知,朋友之间的关系应是双向的,互相付出的。设空处承上启下,F 项“Relax in the knowledge that your friends will be good listeners if you need help.(放轻松,要知道如果你需要帮助的话你的朋 友也会是你的倾听者)”符合题意。故选 F。 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节,满分 45 分) 第一节(共 20 小题;每小题 1. 5 分,满分 30 分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最 佳 选项。 How people stay connected before the invention of text messaging? That makes it easy to send a note to a friend. And before there were telephones in every home that could____41____you immediately with a loved one, there were letters. Sure, you might____42____to wait a few days or weeks for the postman to____43____it, but the special feeling it contained made it worth the____44____. Although a letter offers no____45____joy, handwritten correspondence(通信)was always highly____46____and favored. A letter could be read____47____so that one could enjoyed that special moment over and over again. In the face of worry over the coronavirus pandemic and all the____48____it has placed on New Yorkers, a Brooklyn-based performance artist and English professor Brandon Woolf came up with the idea of reviving(复兴) the letter-writing____49____as a means to reach out and_____50_____one another. Knowing that people have lost loved ones, jobs and businesses, and_____51_____simple pleasures like hugs from a friend, Woolf began to think about how to help people make_____52_____connections. His_____53_____was to take a page from history "When interpersonal connection is_____54_____during the hard times, what are other ways where we can be_____55_____?" Woolf wondered. "What is a better experience than_____56_____a piece of mail in your mailbox from somebody you didn't expect to hear from?" Using a portable_____57_____and seated on a folding chair alongside a mailbox, he put a sign says, "Free Letters for Friends Feeling Blue." Woolf spent several hours, a few days a week for four weeks, typing letters for his Park Slope, Brooklyn_____58_____. The 37-year-old New York University teacher called his street_____59_____ "The Console"—short for consolation(慰问). He_____60_____the neighbors and those hearing from them could feel the warmth. 41. A. fill B. equip C. compare D. connect 42. A. need B. want C. dream D. pretend 43. A. design B. read C. write D. deliver 44. A. wait B. purchase C. exchange D. work 45. A. bitter B. permanent C. instant D. real 46. A. corrected B. expected C. wasted D. processed 47. A. silently B. easily C. repeatedly D. loudly 48. A. order B. stress C. importance D. attention 49. A. tradition B. hobby C. project D. trouble 50. A. rescue B. comfort C. trust D. praise 51. A. tested out B. took on C. given up D. turned to 52. A. regretful B. dangerous C. shameful D. meaningful 53. A. doubt B. answer C. routine D. reason 54. A. legal B. useless C. random D. risky 55. A. out B. away C. together D. apart 56. A. receiving B. borrowing C. removing D. protecting 57. A. platform B. suitcase C. notebook D. typewriter 58. A. patients B. volunteers C. neighbors D. supporters 59. A. artwork B. performance C. appeal D. theory 60. A. hoped B. worried C. promised D. forgot 【答案】41. D 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. C 46. B 47. C 48. B 49. A 50. B 51. C 52. D 53. B 54. D 55. C 56. A 57. D 58. C 59. B 60. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了在没有发明短信之前,人们是如何通过信件联系的。并讲述了 伍尔夫在街上设立了便捷信箱给心情忧郁的人,让每个人都能感觉到温暖和爱。 【41 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:在家家户户都有电话可以立即联系到你所爱的人之前,只有信件。A. fill 装满, 使充满;B. equip 装备;C. compare 比较;D. connect 连接。根据“there were letters”可知,靠信件与所爱之人 联系。故选 D。 【42 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:当然,你可能需要等上几天或几周的时间,邮递员才会把它送来,但它所包含 的特殊感觉让你值得等待。A. need 需要;B. want 想要;C. dream 做梦;D. pretend 假装。根据“wait a few days or weeks”可知,写信联系可能会需要等待几天或者几周的时间。故选 A。 【43 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. design 设计;B. read 阅读;C. write 写;D. deliver 递送。根据“the postman” 可知,信件由邮递员来递送。故选 D。 【44 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. wait 等待;B. purchase 购买;C. exchange 交换,交流;D. work 工作。根 据上文“to wait a few days or weeks for the postman”可知,此处是信息词 wait 的词汇复现。故选 A。 【45 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:虽然写信不会带来即时的乐趣,但手写的信件总是备受期待和青睐。A. bitter 苦的;B. permanent 永久的;C. instant 立刻的;D. real 真实的。根据“wait a few days or weeks”可知,写信不 会带来即时的快乐。故选 C。 【46 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. corrected 修正的;B. expected 期待的;C. wasted 浪费的;D. processed 精制的,经过特殊加工的。根据“but the special feeling it contained made it worth the____4____.”可知,手写的 信件是备受期待的。故选 B。 【47 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意:一封信可以被反复阅读,这样一个人就可以一遍又一遍地享受那特殊的时刻。A. silently 沉默地;B. easily 容易地;C. repeatedly 重复地;D. loudly 大声地。根据“over and over again.”可知, 一封信可以被反复阅读。故选 C。 【48 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:面对新冠肺炎大流行给纽约人带来的担忧和压力,布鲁克林的行为艺术家、英 语教授布兰登·伍尔夫(Brandon Woolf)想出了一个主意,复兴写信的传统,把它作为一种联系和安慰彼此的 方式。A. order 命令;B. stress 压力;C. importance 重要性;D. attention 注意力。根据“In the face of worry over the coronavirus pandemic”可知,新冠肺炎大流行给纽约人带来的担忧和压力。故选 B。 【49 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. tradition 传统;B. hobby 爱好;C. project 工程,方案;D. trouble 麻烦。 根据“came up with the idea of reviving(复兴)the letter-writing”可知,写信是一种传统的联系方式。故选 A。 【50 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. rescue 营救;B. comfort 安慰;C. trust 信任;D. praise 赞美。根据“as a means to reach out”可知,通过写信的方式安慰彼此。故选 B。 【51 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意:得知人们失去了亲人、工作和生意,放弃了简单的快乐,比如朋友的拥抱,伍 尔夫开始思考如何帮助人们建立有意义的联系。A. tested out 彻底检验,考验;B. took on 承担,雇佣;C. given up 放弃;D. turned to 转向。根据“Knowing that people have lost loved ones, jobs and businesses”可知,由于病 毒的流行,人们放弃了简单的快乐。故选 C。 【52 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. regretful 后悔的;B. dangerous 危险的;C. shameful 可耻的;D. meaningful 有意义的。根据“Woolf began to think about how to help people”可知,伍尔夫开始思考如何帮助人们建立有意 义的联系。故选 D。 【53 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:伍尔夫想:“在困难时期,当人际关系变得危险时,还有什么其他方式可以让我们 在一起?”A. doubt 怀疑;B. answer 回答;C. routine 常规,惯例;D. reason 原因。根据“think about how to help people make____12____connections.”可知,此处表示找到了答案。故选 B。 【54 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. legal 合法的;B. useless 无用的;C. random 随机的;D. risky 冒险的。 根据“during the hard times”可知,疫情期间人际关系变得危险。故选 D。 【55 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. out 出去;B. away 离开;C. together 一起;D. apart 分开,分离。根据“When interpersonal connection is____14____during the hard times”可知,此处表示提出疑问“还有什么其他方式可以 让我们在一起呢?”故选 C。 【56 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:有什么比收到一封意想不到的人寄来的邮件更美妙的经历呢?A. receiving 接收; B. borrowing 借;C. removing 移动;D. protecting 保护。根据“a piece of mail in your mailbox”可知,此处表示 接收来信。故选 A。 【57 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他坐在信箱旁边的折叠椅上,用便携式打字机打出一个牌子,上面写着:“给心情 忧郁的朋友免费信件。”A. platform 平台;B. suitcase 手提箱;C. notebook 笔记本;D. typewriter 打字机。根 据“typing letters”可知,此处对应的是打字机。故选 D。 【58 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:伍尔夫花了几个小时,每周几天,连续四周,为他在布鲁克林公园坡的邻居们 打 字 。 A. patients 病 人 ; B. volunteers 志 愿 者 ; C. neighbors 邻 居 ; D. supporters 支 持 者 。 根 据 下 文 “He____20____the neighbors”可知,此处是信息词 neighbors 的词汇复现。故选 C。 【59 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:这位 37 岁的纽约大学教师称自己的街头表演为“安慰”。A. artwork 艺术品;B. performance 表演;C. appeal 吸引力;D. theory 理论。根据“a Brooklyn-based performance artist”可知,此处是 信息词 performance 的词汇复现。故选 B。 【60 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:他希望邻居和听到消息的人能感受到这种温暖。A. hoped 希望;B. worried 担心; C. promised 承诺;D. forgot 忘记。根据“the neighbors and those hearing from them could feel the warmth.”可知, 邻居和听到消息的人能感受到温暖是他的希望。故选 A。 第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Mardi Gras in New Orleans, also known as Fat Tuesday, is____61____ cultural scene like the US version of carnival. But there is some debate over ____62____ it was NOLA or Mobile, Alabama that had the first Mardi Gras back in the 1700s. Regardless of who did it first, few would argue that the New Orleans festival is the best. Though the celebration ____63____(hold) every year on the day before Ash Wednesday, the festivities last for months. It ____64____(begin) with social events in November, private balls on Thanksgiving Day and New Year's Eve, with parades and more private balls throughout January and early February. Getting invites to some ____65____(organize) events isn't easy. But if you know someone or have much money, MOM's Ball and Orpheuscapade Ball are ____66____(frequent) ranked among the best. If you are enthusiastic ____67____ music, check out the annual Galactic concert at the world-famous Tipitina's on Lundi Gras (the day before Mardi Gras). When the big day arrives, it's best___68___(plan) what you want to see. Longtime locals have a ____69____(prefer) for the Krewe of Muses Parade, the Rex Zulu Parade, and the Krewe of St. Anne and Krewe of Julu Parades. But, for our money, it doesn't get any _____70_____(great) than watching the Mardi Gras Indians Parade. 【答案】61. a 62. whether 63. is held 64. begins 65. organized 66. frequently 67. about 68. to plan 69. preference 70. greater 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新奥尔良狂欢节的相关背景知识和节日活动等信息。 【61 题详解】 考查冠词。句意:新奥尔良的狂欢节,也被称为“油腻星期二”,和美国版的狂欢节一样,是一种文化场 景。scene 为可数名词,此处表泛指应用不定冠词,且 cultural 是发音以辅音音素开头的单词,应用 a。故填 a。 【62 题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意:但是,在 18 世纪的时候,究竟是诺拉还是阿拉巴马州的莫比尔举办了第一次狂欢节, 这还存在一些争论。空处引导宾语从句,根据后文“it was NOLA or Mobile”可知为 whether…or…,表示 “是……还是……”。故填 whether。 【63 题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意:尽管庆祝活动在每年圣灰星期三的前一天举行,但庆祝活动持续数月。根据后 文“every year”可知,用一般现在时,主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,用一般现在时的被动语态,主语为 celebration,谓语动词用单数。故填 is held。 【64 题详解】 考查动词时态。句意:它始于 11 月的社交活动,感恩节和新年前夜的私人舞会,整个 1 月和 2 月初都有游 行和更多的私人舞会。句子陈述客观事实用一般现在时,主语为 it,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填 begins。 【65 题详解】 考查形容词。句意:收到一些有组织的活动的邀请并不容易。修饰后文名词 events,应用形容词 organized, 作定语。故填 organized。 【66 题详解】 考查副词。句意:但如果你认识某人或有很多钱,MOM’s 舞会和 Orpheuscapade 舞会经常名列前茅。修饰 动词 rank 应用副词 frequently,作状语。故填 frequently。 【67 题详解】 考查介词。句意:如果你对音乐充满热情,可以在世界著名的“狂欢节”前一天在 Tipitina 的 Lundi Gras 音 乐会(狂欢节前一天)观看一年一度的银河音乐会。结合句意表示“对……充满热情”可知,短语为 be enthusiastic about。故填 about。 【68 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:当重要的日子到来时,最好计划一下你想看什么。结合句意表示“最好做某事” 可知,短语为 it be best to do sth.,不定式作真正主语。故填 to plan。 【69 题详解】 考查名词。句意:长期居住当地人喜欢缪斯克鲁游行、雷克斯祖鲁游行、圣安妮克鲁游行和朱鲁克鲁游行。 空处作宾语,表示“喜欢”应填名词 preference,短语 have a preference for“喜欢”。故填 preference。 【70 题详解】 考查比较级。句意:但是,对我们来说,没有什么比看印第安人狂欢节游行更棒的了。此处为“否定词+比 较级”表示最高级含义,great 应用比较级形式。故填 greater。 第四部分 写作(共两节,满分 35 分) 第一节 短文改错(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 10 分) 71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错 误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧ ),并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。 修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词; 2.只允许修改 10 处,多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。 Some Senior 3 students can't study efficiently because of staying up late. What’s more, many have anxiety, which also lead to the inefficiency of studying. In the respect of the problem, I have some suggestion for them. First, they should have enough sleep, that is of great importance. Beside, striking a balance between study and relaxation is necessarily. Finally, it's a great idea to them to spend more time doing sports. In my opinion, more attention should paid to Senior 3 students' health. I suggest they take care of them so that they can stay healthy and study good. 【答案】1.lead→leads 2.去掉 respect 前 the 3.suggestion→suggestions 4.that→which 5.Beside→Besides 6.necessarily→necessary 7.idea 后 to→for 8.should 后添加 be 9.them→themselves 10.good→well 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。一些高三的学生因为熬夜不能有效地学习,对此作者提出了一些建议,作者认 为应该更多地关注高三学生的健康。 【详解】1.考查主谓一致。句意:更重要的是,许多人有焦虑,这也导致了学习的效率低下。此处为非限制 性定语从句修饰先行词 anxiety,从句为一般现在时,先行词在从句中作主语,谓语动词与先行词保持一致, 应用第三人称单数形式。故 lead 改为 leads。 2.考查固定短语。句意:关于这个问题,我有一些建议给他们。结合句意表示“关于”可知短语为 in respect of。故去掉 respect 前 the。 3.考查名词的数。句意:关于这个问题,我有一些建议给他们。suggestion 为可数名词,由 some 修饰应用复 数形式。故 suggestion 改为 suggestions。 4.考查定语从句。句意:首先,他们应该有足够的睡眠,这是非常重要的。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上 文整个句子,从句中缺少主语,应用关系代词 which 引导,that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。故 that 改为 which。 5.考查副词。句意:此外,在学习和放松之间取得平衡是必要的。修饰后文整个句子应用副词 besides,作 状语;beside 为介词,表示“在旁边”不符合语境。故 Beside 改为 Besides。 6.考查形容词。句意:此外,在学习和放松之间取得平衡是必要的。根据上文“striking a balance between study and relaxation is”可知此处应用形容词 necessary,作表语。故 necessarily 改为 necessary。 7.考查介词。句意:最后,让他们花更多的时间做运动是一个好主意。此处为固定句型“it is a great idea for sb. to do sth.”,表示“让某人做某事是一个好主意”。故 idea 后 to 改为 for。 8.考查动词语态。句意:在我看来,应该更多地关注高三学生的健康。此处主语 more attention 与谓语动词 pay 构成被动关系,且 should 后跟动词原形。故 should 后添加 be。 9.考查代词。句意:我建议他们照顾好他们自己,这样他们就可以保持健康和好好学习。此处指“照顾他们 自己”应用反身代词 themselves。故 them 改为 themselves。 10.考查副词。句意:我建议他们照顾好他们自己,这样他们就可以保持健康和好好学习。修饰动词 study 应用副词 well,作状语。故 good 改为 well。 第二节 书面表达(满分 25 分) 72. 假定你是李华,正在伦敦某所中学做交换生。你校即将举行的中国古诗朗诵大赛需要一名主持人。请你 给该比赛的负责人 Mr. Charles 写封自荐信,内容包括: 1.自我介绍; 2.你的优势; 3.期待回复。 注意:1.词数 100 左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 【答案】Dear Mr. Charles, I'm Li Hua, an exchange student in our school. Hearing that you're looking for a host for the coming Chinses Ancient Poetry Recitation Contest, I’m writing to recommend myself. I think I'm the right person. To begin with, I'm interested in Chinese ancient poetry and good at recitation, meaning I know how to deal with emergencies. In addition, I’m fluent in both Chinese and English, which enables me to host the competition without language difficulty. More importantly, I’ve had many experiences of being a host, so I need no training for it. Please take my application into careful consideration. I’m expecting your earliest reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文,要求考生给中国古诗朗诵比赛的负责人 Mr. Charles 写封自荐信。 【详解】1.词汇积累 比赛:competition→contest 处理:handle→deal with 认真的:serious→careful 此外:moreover=in addition 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句:Please take my application into careful consideration. 拓展句:I would appreciate it if you could take my application into careful consideration. 【点睛】[高分句型 1] Hearing that you're looking for a host for the coming Chinses Ancient Poetry Recitation Contest, I’m writing to recommend myself. (运用了 that 引导宾语从句) [高分句型 2] In addition, I’m fluent in both Chinese and English, which enables me to host the competition without language difficulty. (运用了 which 引导非限制性定语从句)

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