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‎2014年五年级英语‎5A第1-4单元语法知识归纳（牛津版）‎ Unit1‎ ‎1.There be句型表示“某处有某物”，be动词用is还是用are遵循下面的原则：‎ ‎①be动词后面 如果跟的是单数名词或不可数名词，就用is;‎ ‎ There is a pencil case in the school bag.‎ ‎ There is some soup/milk /tea/coffee/juice/water/chocolate.‎ ‎ ② be动词后面如果跟的是可数名词的复数，就用are.‎ ‎ There are some desks in the classroom. ‎ ‎③be动词后面如果跟的是不止一种物品，就根据离它最近的物品选用is或are.(就近原则)‎ There are some pictures and a telephone.‎ There is a telephone and some pictures.‎ ‎2.There be 句型的否定形式：在be动词的后面加not（is not可以缩写为isn't，are not可以缩写为 aren't）把some 改成any。‎ 例：There is a pencil in the pencil-box.（改为否定句）‎ There isn't a pencil in the pencil-box.‎ There are some crayons on the desk.（改为否定句）‎ There aren't any crayons on the desk.‎ ‎3.“some”和“any”都有“一些”的意思.“some”一般用于肯定句，“any”用于否定句和一般疑问句。但在一些表示委婉请求，想得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中，也用“some”.‎ 例：1.There are some watermelons in the basket.(肯定句)‎ ‎2.There aren't any birds in the tree.(否定句)‎ ‎3.Are there any toy trains on the table?(疑问句)‎ ‎4.Would you like some tea?(表委婉请求)‎ ‎4.can在否定句中的用法：表示某人不能做某事时，通常在can后面加否定词not,注意not一般与can连写，也可缩写成can’t.后面加动词原形。‎ ‎ Bobby cannot(can’t) see any cakes in the fridge. ‎ Unit2‎ ‎1. There be句型的一般疑问句：‎ 将be动词提前到there 之前,首字母大写，句末用问号即可。其肯定答语为“Yes,there is/are.”;否定答语为“No,there isn’t/aren’t.”。在疑问句中，要将some改为any。‎ ‎1）There is a house near the park. (改为一般疑问句，并肯定回答)‎ Is there a house near the park? Yes , there is.‎ ‎2）There are some desks and chairs in the classroom.‎ ‎(改为一般疑问句，并否定回答)‎ Are there any desks and chairs in the classroom？No , there aren't.‎ ‎2.特殊疑问句及答语 ‎ (1)提问主语为可数名词的数量时，用“how many”,句型结构为：‎ ‎‘How many +复数名词+are there+其他？’（无论主语是单数还是复数）‎ ‎ There is a football under the desk.(对划线部分提问) ‎ ‎ How many footballs are there under the desk?‎ ‎“How many+可数名词复数+are there?”本句型为there be句型的特殊疑问 句形式，表示“在某处某物的数量有多少？”。回答时不用Yes/No,要给出具体的回答。How many days are there in a month? There are thirty. ‎ ‎（2）提问句子的主语（包括主语前的修饰语）时，句型一律用 ‎“What is+地点介词短语？”（无论主语是单数还是复数都用is）‎ 例：There are some bananas on the tree.‎ What’s on the tree?‎ ‎3.序数词：表示先后顺序或等级的词。first(第一)，second(第二)，third(第三)，序数词用在句中时，要在其前面加上定冠词the.‎ ‎4. on the…floor意为“在几楼”用介词“on”‎ ‎5．It is time for+名词= It is time to+动词；是该做某事的时候了。‎ ‎ It is time for lunch.= It is time to have lunch.‎ ‎6. 宾格 :动词和介词后面用人称代词的宾格。‎ I – me, you-you , he – him, she – her， they- them follow me/him/her listen to me/him/her help me/him/her ‎ find him/her Unit3‎ ‎1.have / has 用法：have 可用于第三人称单数之外的所有人称之后，has 只能用于第三人称单数之后。‎ have / has 的肯定句结构为：‎ （1） 主语（除第三人称单数）+ have + 某物。‎ （2） 主语（第三人称单数）+ has+某物。‎ have / has 的一般疑问句结构为：X k B 1 . c o m （1） Do+ 主语（除第三人称单数）+ have+ 某物 ？‎ （2） Does +主语（第三人称单数）+have +某物？‎ have / has 的否定句结构为：‎ （1） 主语（除第三人称单数）+ don’t+ have + 某物。‎ （2） 主语（第三人称单数）+ doesn’t+ have + 某物。‎ ‎2.can +动词原形 Unit4‎ ‎1. like + doing sth动词接ing:‎ ‎(1).一般在动词末尾加ing,如： think → thinking stand → standing ‎(2).以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e,再加ing，如 skate → skating make → making dance → dancing write → writing have → having ride → riding come → coming ‎(3).以重读闭音节结尾的动词，末尾只有一个元音字母（闭音节），以及一个辅音字母，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing, 如： put →putting 　 run-running swim → swimming jog → jogging sit → sitting ‎ 作文范例 My hobbies ‎ I have many hobbies . I like watching films . I often watch films on Sundays with my friends, I like reading too. I like reading storybooks. I like my hobbies.‎ My friend’s hobbies ‎ Nancy likes listening to music. She likes singing and dancing. Tom likes playing basketball . He is good at playing basketball. Su Hai and Su Yang like watching films. They like their hobbies. ‎