Unit 1 Art Period 3 Grammar-Subjunctive mood
Learning aims: 1. Get to understand what Subjunctive mood is and in what kind of conditions it can be used.
2. Get to use Subjunctive mood correctly and properly.
Important point: Get to use Subjunctive mood correctly and properly.
Learning guidance: 自学《同步测练》Page 语法专讲，完成预习案。(20mins)
预习案Previewing Case
一、语气的分类
1 英语中的语气分为________语气、________语气和_______语气。虚拟语气用于表示不真实的、与事实相反的或难以实现的等情况。
2 请判断下列句子分别用了什么语气。
(1) I went to the theatre yesterday. （ ）
(2) Speak it slowly, please. （ ）
(3) If I were you, I would not leave her alone. （ ）
二． 虚拟语气在If引导的条件状语从句中的用法表
条件状语从句
If 从句的谓语形式
主句的谓语形式
与现在事实相反
与过去事实相反
与将来事实相反
我的疑惑：
我的收获：
探究案Exploring Case
探究一 虚拟语气用于if条件状语从句中
1 表示与现在事实相反的假设, 条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“动词的过去式(be 动词一般用were)”，而主句中的谓语动词形式为 “would / should / could / might + 动词原形”。
(1) If I_________(have)a lot of money now, I ______________around the world.(travel)
(2)[译]如果现在天气好，我会去购物。_________________________________________________________
(3)[译]如果我是个男孩，我就去参军。_________________________________________________________
2 表示与过去的事实相反的假设，从句的谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”，构成If＋主语＋had＋过去分词的形式，主句的谓语动词形式为“should / would / could / might have ＋ 动词过去分词”。
(1) If he ____________(drive) more carefully, he ______________________ (have) the car accident yesterday.
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(2) [译]如果我努力学习，我就已经通过这次考试了。____________________________________________
(3) [译]如果他早点起床，他现在已经在飞机上了。______________________________________________
3 表示与将来发生的事情的假设，从句的谓语动词用“动词的过去式（be动词一般用were）或were to +
行为动词原形或should + 行为动词原形”，即构成If＋主语＋动词过去式或 were to do 或should do 形式，主句谓语用should /would /could/ might ＋动词原形。
(1) If robots _____________ (control) the world some day, here _____________ (be) no friendship.
(2) If it _________(be) fine tomorrow, we would go outing together.
(3) [译] 假如他来了，我们对他说什么呢？______________________________________________________
(4) [译] 假如你错过今晚的火车，我将不会等你。________________________________________________
探究二 区分if引导的真实条件句和虚拟条件句
类 型
解 释
例 句
真实条件句
表示条件是真的或有可能实现的，采用陈述语气。(仅仅起的是条件作用)
If you don’t hurry up, you will miss the bus.
虚拟条件句
表示条件是无法实现或几乎无法实现的，采用虚拟语气。(所表达的事件是“假设”的)
If I were you, I would hurry up to catch the bus.
[译] (情境: He always walks into the cafe and asks for a cup of coffee.)
(1)如果他有时间，他总是会去咖啡厅点一杯咖啡喝。_____________________________________________
(情境: I am a student and I haven’t much money.)
(2)如果我有很多钱，我会买一辆车。___________________________________________________________
探究三 虚拟条件句的特殊情况
1 虚拟语气在带有without, but for等含蓄虚拟条件句中的运用
例句：Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.
[译]若没有你的帮助，我们队将不能赢得上一场比赛。____________________________________________
2 虚拟条件句中的倒装 If引导的虚拟条件句中，从句部分若有were, had或should，且省略if，须用倒装结构，即were, had或should移至主语前。
(1) 要是我能再次上学，我将加倍努力。________________________________________________________
(2) 如果我听了他的建议，我就不会失败了。__________________________________________________
(3) 如果明天你需要帮助，我会来。____________________________________________________________
训练案 Exercise
一 填空
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1.If the policeman ________ (be not) in the room now, it ________(be) very dangerous.
2.If you _______ (get) up earlier this morning, you ________________ (catch) the first train.
3.What ____________ (happen) if you ____________ (get up) too late tomorrow?
4.If he _______________(listen) to the teacher attentively, he ______________(know) the answer to the problem now.
5. __________________________________(若我是你), I would take an umbrella with me.
6. ________________________________(若不是贫困), he would have continued his study.
二 翻译
1. 如果我们知道他的地址， 我们就能写信给他了。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
2. 如果你昨天来， 你就会遇到她了。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
3. 如果明天我有空， 我就会去图书馆。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
4. 万一今天下午有雨，足球比赛就延期至下星期六举行。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
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