Unit 2 English around the world
[写得准]
[用得活]
[积得多]
1.official adj. 官方的；正式的；公务的
n. 官员；公务员
2.native adj. 本国的；本地的
n. 本地人；本国人
3.voyage n. 航行；航海
4.present n. 礼物；目前
adj. 到场；出席
vt. 提交；赠予；展现；呈现
5.command n．&vt. 命令；指令；掌握
6.request n．&vt. 请求；要求
7.straight adv. 直接；挺直
adj. 直的；笔直的；正直的
8.vocabulary n. 词汇；词汇量；词表
9.recognize vt.辨认出，承认；公认→recognition n．辨认；认出
10.base vt.以……为根据 n．基部；基地；基础→basic adj.基本的；基础的→basis n．基础；基本原则
11.gradual adj.逐渐的；逐步的→gradually adv.逐渐地；逐步地
12.latter adj.较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的→latest adj.最新的；最近的→later adv.后来 adj.后期的→lately adv.近来；最近
用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Go straight (straight) down the road until you come to the English language school.
2.His story is written on the basis (base) of his own experience when he was studying in Harvard University.
3.The travelling experiences have enriched (rich) her understanding of each country.
4.Nearly one hundred countries recognize English as their official (office) language.
5.As is known to all, education is a gradual process，and people are gradually aware of its importance.(gradual)
6.The puzzled expression on her face
1.以“ial”结尾的形容词集锦
①official 官方的
②beneficial 有益的
③commercial 商业的
④facial 表面的
⑤initial 最初的
⑥social 社会的
2.“旅行”家族
①voyage n． 航行；航海
②tour n. (观光)旅行
③travel n. 旅行
④journey n. (长途)旅行
⑤trip n. (短途)旅行；外出
⑥outing n. 远足
3.“请求；要求”单词一览
①request n．&vt. 请求；要求
②demand n．&vt. 要求；需要
③require vt. 需要；要求
④requirement n. 要求
4.“前缀en＋adj./n.”高频动词
①
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13.fluent adj.流利的；流畅的→fluently adv.流利地；流畅地→fluency n．流利；流畅
14.frequent adj.频繁的；常见的→frequently adv.常常；频繁地
15.expression n．词语；表示；表达→express vt.表达
16.enrich vt.使富裕；充实；改善→rich adj.富有的；丰富的
suggested that she didn’t know how she could express her feelings properly.(express)
7.He had changed so much that you couldn’t recognize him. As a matter of fact, illness and age changed him beyond recognition.(recognize)
8.Mary speaks fluent Chinese while her brother speaks Japanese fluently.(fluent)
rich→enrich 使充实
②able→enable 使能够
③large→enlarge 使扩大
④sure→ensure 确保；担保
⑤danger→endanger 使遭遇危险
⑥force→enforce 强迫；迫使
⑦title→entitle
给……起题目/命名；
使……有权利/资格
⑧courage→encourage
鼓励
[写得准]
[用得活]
[积得多]
1.more_than 超过；非常；不只是；不仅是
2.come_up 走近；上来；提出
3.be_based_on 以……为基础
4.believe_it_or_not 信不信由你
5.play_a_part_(in) 扮演一个角色；参与
6.because_of 因为；由于
选用左栏短语填空
1.Although this is the first time that the plan has_come_up at the meeting, it has caused much concern.
2.At_present,_there is no way of predicting what the longterm effects of the explosion will be.
3.It is partly because_of her sick mother that she hasn’
1.than的相关短语聚焦
①more than 超过；不止；不仅仅是
②no more than 仅仅；只不过
③not more than 至多；不超过
④other than 除了
⑤rather than 不愿；而不是
2.表示“因为；由于”的短语一览
①because of 因为；由于
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7.the_number_of ……的数量
8.at_present 现在；目前
9.make_use_of 利用；使用
10.such_as 例如……；像这种的
11.leave_for 动身去……
12.standard_English 标准英语
t taken the job abroad.
4.They were asked how much time they spent on jobs, such_as cooking, washing, cleaning and shopping.
5.—I’m more_than happy to take you there in my car.
—You are so nice. Thank you.
②thanks to 多亏；由于
③owing to 由于
④as a result of ... 因为……的结果
⑤due to 由于
⑥on account of 因为
⑦in consequence of .../as a consequence of ... 因为……的结果
[背原句]
[记句式]
[会仿用]
1.Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.
以英语作为母语的人，尽管他们所讲的英语不尽相同，也可以相互理解。
even if＝even though意为“即使；尽管”，引导让步状语从句。
尽管森林公园离得很远，但是每年都会有很多游客来此游览。(2014·北京高考单选)
Even_if/though_the_forest_park_is_far_away,_a lot of tourists visit it every year.
2.It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.
当时的英语更多是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。
more ... than ... “与其说……倒不如说……”。
在我看来，与其说这个男孩受到伤害倒不如说他受到惊吓。
In my opinion, the boy was more_frightened_than_hurt.
3.Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English.
信不信由你，没有什么标准英语。
no such ... “没有这样的……”。
事实上，这儿没有你说的那样的人。
As a matter of fact, there is no_such_person_as you describe here.
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1．base vt.以……为根据 n．基部；基地；基础
[教材原句] It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.
当时的英语更多是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。
(1)base ... on/upon ... 把……建立在……基础之上
be based on/upon 以……为基础；依据……
(2)basis n. 基础；基本原则
on the basis of 根据；在……的基础上
(3)basic adj. 基本的；基础的
①The research group produced two reports based (base) on the survey, but neither contained any useful suggestions.(2015·福建高考单选)
以这个调查为基础，研究团队做了两份报告，但是这两份报告都不包含任何有用的建议。
②Basing (base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.
把一个重要的决定更多地建立在情感基础上，而不是以理性思考为基础，你迟早会后悔的。
③First, he showed us the basic (base) steps and skills of making dough figurines.(2015·北京高考书面表达)
首先，他教给我们捏面人的基本步骤和技巧。
2．command n．[C]命令；[U]掌握vt.命令；指挥；支配
[高考佳句] Besides, I have such a good command of English that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher.(2015·陕西高考书面表达)
此外，我非常精通英语以至于被选为英语老师的助手。
(1)at sb.’s command 听某人支配
be in command of 掌握；控制
take command of 控制
have a good command of 掌握；精通(尤指语言)
(2)command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事
command that ... (should) do sth. 命令……
①I’m at your command — what would you like me to do?
我听从你的吩咐——你要我做什么？
②Applicants for the job must be between 25 and 35 years old and
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a_good_command_of English is required.
申请这份工作的人年龄要在25至35岁之间，而且要精通英语。
③The police commanded the witness to describe what had happened the day before.
→The police commanded that the witness (should)_describe what had happened the day before.
警察要求目击者描述一下前一天所发生的事情。
[联想发散] command后面跟从句时，从句谓语用(should＋) do/be done，以下动词具有相同的用法：
一坚持：insist；
二命令：order, command；
三建议：suggest, advise, recommend；
四要求：demand, request, require, desire；
再加一个敦促：urge。
3．request n．& vt.请求；要求
[经典例句] All members of the club are requested to attend the annual meeting.(朗文P1281)
请俱乐部的全体会员务必参加年会。
(1)make (a) request for sth./that ... 请求；要求……
at one’s request 应某人之要求
(2)request sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事
request that ... (should) do sth. 请求……
It is requested that ... (should) do sth.
据要求……
①Our teacher made a request that we (should)_be_well_prepared_for the exam.
我们的老师要求我们对考试做好充分的准备。
②Don’t respond to any emails requesting (request) personal information, no matter how official they look.
不要回复向你索要个人信息的任何邮件，不管它们看起来多么正式。
③All the articles are requested to be related to the students’ life.
→It is requested that all the articles (should)_be_related to the students’ life.
要求所有的文章与学生的生活有关。
[名师指津] 动词request后的宾语从句以及名词request后的表语从句、同位语从句都要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词为(should＋)动词原形。
4．recognize vt.辨认出；承认；公认
[教材原句] Although many Americans move a lot, they still recognize and
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understand each other’s dialects.
虽然一些美国人经常搬迁，但他们仍然能识别并理解彼此的方言。
(1)recognize sb./one’s voice 认出某人/听出某人的声音
be recognized to be/as ... 被认为是……
It is recognized that ... 人们公认……
(2)recognition n. 认出；认识
beyond (all) recognition 认不出来
①Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century that his musical gift was_fully_recognized. (2015·重庆高考单选)
巴赫于1750年去世，但是直到19世纪早期他的音乐天赋才被充分地认可。
②It_is_recognized_that environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems.
→Environmental pollution is_recognized_to_have_become one of the most serious problems.
人们一致认为环境污染已经成了最严重的问题之一。
③I went back to my hometown after 20 years and the city had changed beyond all recognition (recognize)．
20年后我回到家乡的时候，这座城市已变得认不出来了。
Ⅰ.基础点全练
1．单句语法填空/补全句子
①As the weather gradually (gradual) becomes warmer and warmer, he will pick up soon.
②What’s your opinion of Mr.Li’s request that we (should)_spend (spend) half an hour reading English aloud every morning?
③You can find much information available on the official (office) website.
④As is known to all, the African elephant is native to Africa.
⑤When we saw the road blocked (block) with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.
⑥Mary and Jane are both my friends. The_former (前者) is a clerk in a bank and the_latter (后者) teaches English in a middle school.
2．一句多译
警察命令那个小偷上交他所偷的东西。
①The policeman commanded that the thief (should)_hand_in what he had
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stolen.
②The policeman commanded the thief to_hand_in what he had stolen.
Ⅱ.重难点多练
1．base多棱镜
(1)用base的适当形式填空
①With our knowledge based (base) on practice, we can make great contributions to our country.
②(2014·广东高考满分作文改编)Richard intends to find 40 time twins before his 40th birthday and he is going to write a book based (base) on this experience.
③The restaurant is_based (base) on trust, and it is working all right.
(2)句式升级
④Based_on_trust,_the restaurant is working all right.(用分词短语作状语升级练习③)
⑤The restaurant, which_is_based_on_trust,_is working all right.(用定语从句升级练习③)
2．recognize面面观
(1)单句语法填空
①The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without being_recognized (recognize)．
②—Oh, it’s you! I didn’t_recognize (not recognize) you.
—I’ve just had my hair cut, and I’m wearing new glasses.
③As is known to us, the book is now recognized as a classic.
④Being_recognized in public has brought her much trouble，so she is always wearing dark glasses to avoid recognition.(recognize)
(2)高考小作文
⑤因此我开始认识到同学们的优点，然后让他们在班级里发挥各自的作用。(2011·湖北高考短文写作)
Thus I began_to_recognize_the_strengths_of_my_classmates and have everyone do their part in class.
Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练
根据语境选出block的词性和词义
(A)n.街区 (B)n.一块(木头、石头等)
(C)n.栋；座；幢 (D)vt.阻挡；堵塞
1．We tried to get through, but a fallen tree blocked the road.__D__
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2．She grew up playing with the other kids on the block.__A__
3．The little boy put a block of ice into the cup.__B__
4．Several blocks of flats have been built in this area.__C__
1．come up走近；上来；发芽；发生；被提出；(太阳、月亮等)升起
[教材原句] I’d like to come up to your apartment.
我愿意来你的公寓。
[一词多义] 写出下列句中come up的含义
①—Alvin, are you coming with us?
—I’d love to, but something unexpected has come up.(2012·浙江高考单选)发生
②As soon as the project came up at the meeting, it attracted many people’s attention.被提出
③When the moon came up, the young people began their celebration.升起
④I planted some seeds in the yard. But they failed to come up.发芽
come up with 想出；提出
come about 发生
come across 穿过(路、桥)；(偶然)遇见；发现
come out 出来；(书等)出版；发行
come to 苏醒；总计；达到；谈到
When it comes to ... 当谈到……
⑤Whoever can come_up_with the answer to the question in a few minutes is allowed to leave.
无论谁在几分钟之内想出这个问题的答案都允许离开。
⑥When_it_comes_to students’ surfing the Internet, some people think students can benefit from it.
当谈到学生上网，有些人认为学生可以从中获益。
[名师指津] come up的主语是物，表示(计划、建议、议题等)被提出，而come up with主语是人或团体组织，表示(某人)提出。
2．make use of 利用；使用
[高考佳句] You cannot choose what you are given, but you can choose how you make use of it.(2012·湖北高考短文写作)
你不能选择你被给予的，但你可以选择如何利用它。
(1)make full/good use of 充分利用
make the best/most of 充分利用
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take (full) advantage of (充分)利用
(2)put ... to use 加以使用
come into use 开始被使用
be of great use 很有用
It is no use/useless doing sth. 做某事是没用的
①Making (make) full use of time is a good habit, which requires one to plan carefully.(2013·四川高考书面表达)
充分利用时间是一种好习惯，这要求一个人在计划的时候要小心仔细。
②In my opinion, every chance should be made full use of to_practise (practise) our oral English.
依我看来，我们应充分利用每次机会来锻炼我们的英语口语。
③Full use must be_made (make) of every minute to go over our lessons, for the final examination is coming.
每一分钟都应被充分利用来复习我们的功课，因为期末考试马上要来了。
④I usually memorize twenty new words a day and put them to use whenever possible.
我通常每天记20个生词，然后尽可能地使用它们。
[写作联想] [高考佳句]的其他表达方式
①You cannot choose what you are given, but you can choose how to make use of it.
②You cannot choose what you are given, but you can choose how you take advantage of/make the most of it.
3．such as例如……；像这种的
[教材原句] English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa.
在新加坡、马来西亚和非洲国家，比如南非，人们也说英语。
such ...as 像……这种的；诸如……之类的
for example/instance 例如
①In my free time, I’ll continue to take regular exercise, such_as swimming, running and various ball games.
(2014·新课标全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)
空闲时间，我会继续有规律地锻炼身体，例如游泳、跑步和各种各样的球赛活动。
②On one hand, I will organize some English activities, for_example,_to hold English debates or English speech contests so as to help us students arouse their interest in English.(2013·天津高考书面表达)
一方面，我会组织一些英语活动，例如举办英语辩论赛或英语演讲比赛，目的是帮助我们学生提高英语方面的兴趣。
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4．It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.
当时的英语更多是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。
more ... than ... “与其说……倒不如说……”。
①He failed in the exam again. In my view, he was more lazy than stupid.
他考试又失败了。依我看来，与其说他笨倒不如说他懒。
(1)more than＋数词或从句 超过……
more than＋形容词 非常……
more than＋名词 不只是；不仅是……
(2)no more than 只不过；仅仅
not more than 不超过；至多
rather than 而不是
other than 除了；不同于
②Hearing what the headteacher said, I was more_than glad and my heart beat wildly.(2015·湖南高考书面表达)
听到班主任说的话，我非常高兴，心跳加速。
③Parents are more_than providers for their kids and they are also their first teachers.
父母不仅要给孩子提供吃穿，还是孩子的启蒙老师。
④Facing up to your problems rather_than running away from them is the best approach to working things out.
(2014·浙江高考单选)
勇于面对你的问题而不是逃避它们是解决事情的最好方法。
5．Believe it or not, there is no_such thing as standard English.
信不信由你，没有什么标准英语。
句中“no such＋单数名词”意为“没有这样的……”，其中单数名词前不可再加冠词，相当于“not such a(n)＋单数名词”。“no such＋单数名词＋as ...”意为“没有像……这样的”。
①Liu Yang was admitted to Beijing University, while I had no_such luck.
刘洋被北京大学录取，然而我却没这么幸运。
②There is no_such_thing_as failure. Failure is just life trying to move us in another direction.
世上没有失败，失败只不过是生活试图将我们推向另一个方向罢了。
(1)such 与a/an连用时要放在a/an的前面；与all, no, some, any, few, little, many, much, several, one等词连用时，应位于它们的后面。
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(2)such＋that ...
如此……以至于……
(3)such ... as ... “像……这样的……”，as 在句中引导定语从句。
③He was so responsible a teacher that we were all deeply moved.(2011·北京高考书面表达)
→He was such a_responsible_teacher_that we were all deeply moved.
他是一位如此负责的老师，以至于我们都被深深地感动了。
[名师指津] 比较下列句子，注意连接词的作用。
A：This is such a difficult problem as all of us can’t work out.(as引导定语从句，as在从句中作宾语，代指先行词a difficult problem)
B：This is such a difficult problem that all of us can’t work it out. (that引导结果状语从句，that在从句中不作成分)
Ⅰ.基础点全练
1．单句语法填空
①(2014·安徽高考满分作文)So I advise you to do something you like to relax yourself, such as listening to music, doing sports, eating snacks and so on.
②The number of the people, who have access to their own cars, has_risen (rise) sharply in the past decade.
③She was more worried than angry when her daughter didn’t come home.
④Friends play an important part in our lives, although we may take friendship for granted.
2．句型转换
①I admire Edison a lot because he contributed much to the world.
→I admire Edison a lot because_of his great contributions to the world.
②The designer says he came up with the idea after watching people get wet on streets in Russia.
→The designer says the idea came_up after he watched people get wet on streets in Russia.
3．运用所学短语完成下列语段
I ①am_always_making_use_of (总是利用) Sundays to study in our school.Once I couldn’t go home ②because_of (由于) a heavy rain. Fortunately, there was a person ③coming_up_to_me (朝我走来) with an umbrella and I immediately recognized it was
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my teacher. Not only has she helped us with our daily life, but she ④has also played an important part in (在……中也起重要作用) our English learning.⑤Believe_it_or_not (信不信由你), she is ⑥more_than (不仅仅是) our teacher.
Ⅱ.重难点多练
1．use相关短语面面观
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①The collected money should be made good use of to_help (help) the people who suffered great losses in the earthquake.
②We should think of what use can be_made (make) of such material.
③It’s no use staying (stay) up so late if you don’t devote yourself to your study.
(2)补全句子
④His success lies in the use that he can make_good_of_every_chance/opportunity
_to_improve_himself.
他的成功在于他能够善于利用每一个机会来提高自己。
2．such句式全扫描
(1)对比填空：that/as
①The book is written in such easy English as beginners can understand.
②The book is written in such easy English that beginners can understand it.
(2)补全句子/句型转换
③There is no_such_thing_as “slimming” food in the world.
世上根本就没有“减肥”食物这样的东西。
④He is such a welleducated professor that everyone of us respects him.
→He is so_welleducated_a_professor_that everyone of us respects him.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．As is known to all language learners, newlylearnt words will soon be forgotten unless frequently (frequent) used in everyday communication.
2．The city has been built up really fast; it’s changed beyond recognition (recognize)．
3．You’ll be able to choose a room based (base) on your own personal taste.
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4．The form cannot be signed by anyone other than yourself.
5．Women are playing a more and more important part in society — they hold up half the sky.
6．It’s known that the panda is native to China.
7．The manager gave his command that measures (should)_be_taken (take) immediately to correct all the mistakes made in marketing.
8．Of the two football teams, the former comes from England; the latter comes from Brazil.
9．As we all know, reading can enrich (rich) our inner life.
10．You are requested not to_smoke (smoke) in the restaurant.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．The film is based on the novel written by Guo Jingming is popular among the youth.
film后加which或去掉第一个is
2．She has good command of the German language after years of hard work.good前加a
3．I request that he must leave as soon as he finishes his task.
must→should或去掉must
4．There is an answering machine for you to make use.
use后加of
5．A recent study has come up an unexpected conclusion that the African elephant should be divided into two different species. up后加with
6．As far as I know, he was very angry because what you said just now.because后加of
Ⅲ.用本单元所学知识完成下列写作训练
(一)依据提示补全短文
At_present (现在), English is_playing_a_more_and_more_important_part (正起着越来越重要的作用) in our life. However (moreover/however/therefore), many problems will appear in learning English. ①We should make_full_use_of (充分利用) every opportunity to practise English.Only in this way can we eventually master English.
②As is known to us all, learning English should be_based_on (以……为基础) hard work. You shouldn’t lose heart when you come across difficulties.Actually
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(gradually/frequently/actually), everything comes with a price; there is no_such_thing (没有这样的事情) as a free lunch in the world.
(二)按要求将词汇句式升级
1．用本单元高级词汇替换加黑单词
(1)appear→come_up
(2)master→have_a_good_command_of
2．按要求改写句式
(1)用被动句改写句①
Every opportunity should_be_made_full_use_of to practise English.
(2)用it作形式主语改写句②
It_is_known_to_us_all_that learning English should be based on hard work.
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