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真题研练3
Task 1：阅读下列短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
(2015·陕西，C)The production of coffee beans is a huge，profitable business，but，unfortunately，fullsun production is taking over the industry and bringing about a lot of damage.The change in how coffee is grown from shadegrown production to fullsun production endangers the very existence of certain animals and birds，and even disturbs the world's ecological balance.
On a local level，the damage of the forest required by fullsun fields affects the area's birds and animals.The shade of the forest trees provides a home for birds and other species(物种) that depend on the trees' flowers and fruits.Fullsun coffee growers destroy this forest home.As a result，many species are quickly dying out.
On a more global level，the destruction of the rainforest for fullsun coffee fields also threatens(威胁) human life.Medical research often makes use of the forests' plant and animal life，and the destruction of such species could prevent researchers from finding cures for certain diseases.In addition，new coffeegrowing techniques are poisoning the water locally，and eventually the world's groundwater.
Both locally and globally，the continued spread of fullsun coffee plantations(种植园) could mean the destruction of the rainforest ecology.The loss of shade trees is already causing a slight change in the world's climate，and studies show that the loss of oxygengiving trees also leads to air pollution and global warming.Moreover，the new growing techniques are contributing to acidic(酸性的) soil conditions.
It is obvious that the way much coffee is grown affects many aspects of life，from the local environment to the global ecology.But consumers do have a choice.They can purchase shadegrown coffee whenever possible，although at a higher cost.The future health of the planet and mankind is surely worth more than an inexpensive cup of coffee.
【语篇解读】 咖啡豆从遮荫种植变成全日照种植，威胁到一些动物的存在，破坏了全世界的生态平衡。
1．What can we learn about fullsun coffee production from Paragraph 4?
A．It limits the spread of new growing techniques.
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B．It leads to air pollution and global warming.
C．It slows down the loss of shade trees.
D．It improves local soil conditions.
答案 B [细节理解题。由文章第四段中的“...the loss of oxygengiving trees also leads to air pollution and global warming.”可知B项正确。由第四段第一句可知，是扩大了而不是限制了新种植技术的传播，故A项错误；它破坏了雨林生态系统，而不是减慢了这些树的丧失速度，故C项错误；由第四段最后一句可知，这种新的种植技术导致了酸性土壤状况而不是改进了土壤状况，故D项错误。]
2．The purpose of the text is to________.
A．entertain B．advertise
C．instruct D．persuade
答案 D [作者意图题。通读全文可知，本文向大家介绍咖啡豆的新的种植技术所带来的不良影响，旨在说服大家作出正确的选择，故选D项persuade(说服)。entertain娱乐；advertise做广告；instruct指导，均不合适。]
3．Where does this text probably come from?
A．An agricultural magazine.
B．A medical journal.
C．An engineering textbook.
D．A tourist guide.
答案 A [文章出处题。本文向大家介绍咖啡豆的种植技术所带来的不良影响，这属于农学的范畴，因此最有可能出自一本农学杂志，故选A项。]
4．Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?
答案 A [篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第一段从整体上介绍咖啡豆的新的种植技术带来的危害，中间第二、三、四段详细介绍了具体的危害，最后一段介绍这种新的种植技术影响我们生活的各个层面，消费者要作出正确的选择。因此，整篇文章属于“总—分—总”结构，故选A项。]
Task 2：词汇积累
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1．existence n．存在
2．consumer n．消费者
3．purchase vt.购买
4．disturb v．打断 disturb a plan打乱计划
5．take over接管
I was assigned to take over your position.
我被指派接任你的位置。
6．bring about 引起
7．contribute to 是……原因；有助于；为……作贡献
8．destruction n．破坏
9．ecological balance生态平衡
Task 3：单句语法填空
1．The production of coffee beans is a huge，profitable business，but，________ (fortunate)，fullsun production is taking over the industry and bringing about a lot of damage.
2．________ a local level，the damage of the forest required by fullsun fields affects the area's birds and animals.
3．________ a result，many species are quickly dying out.
4．On a more global level，the ________ (destroy) of the rainforest for fullsun coffee fields also threatens(威胁)human life.
5．Moreover，the new growing techniques are contributing ________ acidic(酸性的)soil conditions.But consumers do have a choice.
答案 1.unfortunately 2.On 3.As 4.destruction 5.to
Task 4：单句改错
1．In addition to，new coffeegrowing techniques are poisoning the water locally，and eventually the world's groundwater.
2．It is obvious that the way which much coffee is grown affects many aspects of life，from the local environment to the global ecology.
3．The future health of the planet and mankind are surely worth more than an inexpensive cup of coffee.
答案 1.去掉to 2.去掉which或which前加in或which→that 3.are→is
Task 5：攻克长难句(分析句子结构，尝试翻译成汉语)
The loss of shade trees is already causing a slight change in the world's
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climate，and studies show that the loss of oxygengiving trees also leads to air pollution and global warming.
分析：本句是一个由and连接的并列句。第一个分句的主语是The loss of shade trees，谓语是is causing，宾语是change；第二个分句的主语是studies，谓语是show，宾语是that引导的从句，其中宾语从句中的主语是the loss of oxygengiving trees，谓语是leads to。
译文：能提供树荫的树木的减少已经造成了世界气候的轻微变化，研究表明能供给氧气的树木的减少也导致了空气污染和全球变暖。
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