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真题研练15
Task 1：阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
(2016·北京)
A Race Against Death
It was a cold January in 1925 in Nome，Alaska.The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.
On the 20th of that month，Dr.Welch __1__ a sick boy，Billy，and knew he had diphtheria，a deadly infectious(传染的)disease mainly affecting children.The children of Nome would be __2__ if it struck the town.Dr.Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick.__3__，the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away，in Anchorage.
How could the medicine get to Nome? The town's __4__ was already full of ice，so it couldn't come by ship.Cars and horses couldn't travel on the __5__ roads.Jet airplanes and big trucks didn't exist yet.
__6__ January 26，Billy and three other children had died.Twenty more were __7__.Nome's town officials came up with a(n) __8__.They would have the medicine sent by __9__ from Anchorage to Nenana.From there，dogsled(狗拉雪橇)drivers—known as “mushers”—would __10__ it to Nome in a relay(接力)．
The race began on January 27.The first musher，Shannon，picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night.__11__ he handed the medicine to the next musher，Shannon's face was black from the extreme cold.
On January 31，a musher named Seppala had to __12__ a frozen body of water called Norton Sound.It was the most __13__ part of the journey.Norton Sound was covered with ice，which could sometimes break up without warning.If that happened，Seppala might fall into the icy water below.He would __14__，and so would the sick children of Nome.But Seppala made it across.
A huge snowstorm hit on February 1.A musher named Kaasen had to brave this storm.At one point，huge piles of snow blocked his __15__.He had to leave the trail (雪橇痕迹)to get around them.Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to __16__ the trail
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again.The only hope was Balto，Kaasen's lead dog.Balto put his nose to the ground，__17__ to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail.If Balto failed，it would mean disaster for Nome.The minutes passed by.Suddenly，Balto began to __18__.He had found the trail.
At 5：30 am on February 2，Kaasen and his dogs __19__ in Nome.Within minutes，Dr.Welch had the medicine.He quickly gave it to the sick children.All of them recovered.
Nome had been __20__.
【语篇解读】 这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了在1925年美国的阿拉斯加的诺姆镇爆发白喉传染病。但是，由于大雪，诺姆镇与外界的交通中断了，为了拯救感染病毒的孩子们。诺姆镇政府，通过狗拉雪橇的方式运送药品，并最终拯救了孩子们的生命。
1．A．examined B．warned
C．interviewed D．cured
答案 A [考查动词辨析。根据后面的and knew he had diphtheria...可知Dr Welch对Billy进行了检查。故选A项。]
2．A．harmless B．helpless
C．fearless D．careless
答案 B [考查形容词辨析。根据上一段的最后一句可知，小镇由于大雪与外界隔绝，运送药物困难且出现了致命的传染性疾病，故可推出如果孩子们感染白喉，将是无助的，故选B项。]
3．A．Moreover B．Therefore
C．Otherwise D．However
答案 D [考查连词辨析。空格前面的句子提到Dr Welch需要尽快弄到药物，以防其他孩子也感染白喉，而空格后的句子则说明最近的药品供应地距离Nome也很遥远。由此可以推出前后两句之间是转折关系。故选D项。]
4．A．airport B．station
C．harbor D．border
答案 C [考查名词辨析。根据下文的it couldn't come by ship可以推出应该是那个镇的码头已经全是冰。故选C项。]
5．A．narrow B．snowy
C．busy D．dirty
答案 B [考查形容词辨析。根据第一段中的The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.可以推出路已经被冰雪覆盖，汽车和马再无法前进。故选B项。]
6．A．From B．On
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C．By D．After
答案 C [考查介词辨析。句意：到了一月二十六号，Billy和其他三个孩子已经死了。后文句子Bill and three other children had died 的时态为过去完成时，可得知此处应为“到一月二十六号为止”，故用介词by，by＋时间，表示“到……为止”且与完成时连用，选C项。]
7．A．tired B．upset
C．pale D．sick
答案 D [考查形容词辨析。根据Bill and three other children had died可知，Bill和其他三个孩子已经死了，后面应该是“还有二十多个孩子生病了”，故选D项。]
8．A．plan B．excuse
C．message D．topic
答案 A [考查名词辨析。句意：Nome镇的官员提出了一个(送药的)计划。从下文可以看出，他们提出用狗拉雪橇的办法运送药物。故根据语境可知应选A项。]
9．A．air B．rail
C．sea D．road
答案 B [考查名词辨析。根据11空格之前The first musher，Shanno，picked up the medicine from the train可以推出药品应是先通过火车运输从Anchorage运送到Nenana的。故选B项。]
10．A．carry B．return
C．mail D．give
答案 A [考查动词辨析。句意：从那里狗拉雪橇的驾驶员——叫作赶狗拉雪橇的人——将用接力的方式把它带到Nome。根据句意可知应选A项。]
11．A．Though B．Since
C．When D．If
答案 C [考查连词辨析。句意：当Shannon把药品递给下一个赶狗拉雪橇的人的时候，他的脸因为极度寒冷已经变青了。根据句意可知应选C项。]
12．A．enter B．move
C．visit D．cross
答案 D [考查动词辨析。句意：……必须穿过一个叫做Norton Sound的极其寒冷的水域。由于是在运送药品，所以应是穿过这个地方。同时根据下文的But Seppala made it across.可以推出应选D项。]
13．A．shameful B．boring
C．dangerous D．foolish
答案 C [考查形容词辨析。根据下文的Norton Sound was covered with ice，which could
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sometimes break up without warning.可知推出这是旅途中最危险的部分。故选C项。]
14．A．escape B．bleed
C．swim D．die
答案 D [考查动词辨析。句意：如果那(冰破裂)发生的话，Seppala可能会掉进下面冰冷的水里。他可能会死，同时，Nome生病的孩子也会死。根据语境可知应选D项。]
15．A．memory B．exit
C．way D．destination
答案 C [考查名词辨析。句意：在某一地方巨大的雪堆挡住了他的路。block one's way意为“挡住了某人的路”，故选C项。]
16．A．find B．fix
C．pass D．change
答案 A [考查动词辨析。根据上下文可知为了绕过大雪堆，Kaasen离开了雪橇的痕迹，情况是那么的坏以至于他找不到雪橇的痕迹。故选A项。]
17．A．pretending B．trying
C．asking D．learning
答案 B [考查动词辨析。句意：Balto把它的鼻子放在地上，尽力找到其他曾经从雪撬痕迹上经过的狗的味道。try to do sth意为“尽力做某事”。]
18．A．run B．leave
C．bite D．play
答案 A [考查动词辨析。根据下文的He had found the trail.可知狗Balto找到了雪橇的痕迹，由此可以推出它又开始跑了。故选A项。]
19．A．gathered B．stayed
C．camped D．arrived
答案 D [考查动词辨析。根据下文的Within minutes，Dr.Welch had the medicine.可知医生拿到了药品，证明Kaasen和他的狗顺利到达了Nome。故选D项。arrive in sp意为“到达某地”。]
20．A．controlled B．saved
C．founded D．developed
答案 B [考查动词辨析。根据上一段可知，需要的药品已经顺利送到目的地，因此Nome镇生病的人获救了，同时根据All of them recovered.他们都康复了，可以推出Nome镇获救了。故选B项。]
Task 2：词汇积累
1．the rest of 其余的
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The rest of the eggs have gone bad.
其余的鸡蛋都变质了。
2．deadly adj.致命的
3．affect vt.影响；感动；作用
4．come up with 提出
5．relay vt.接力；接替n.继电器；接力赛
6．trail n．踪迹vt.追踪
Task 3：单句语法填空
1．The town was cut off from ________ rest of the world due to heavy snow.
2．Dr.Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids________ getting sick.
3．Norton Sound was covered with ice，________ could sometimes break up without warning.
4．A musher________ (name)Kaasen had to brave this storm.
答案 1.the 2.from 3.which 4.named
Task 4：单句改错
1．Nome's town officials came up a plan.
2．A huge snowstorm hit in February 1.
3．Within minutes，Dr.Welch had the medicine.He quickly gave them to the sick children.
答案 1.up后加with 2.in→on 3.them→it
Task 5：攻克长难句(分析句子结构，尝试翻译成汉语)
On the 20th of that month，Dr.Welch examined a sick boy，Billy，and knew he had diphtheria，a deadly infectious(传染的)disease mainly affecting children.
分析：本句是一个含有宾语从句的复合句。主语是Dr.Welch，examined和 knew是并列谓语，he had diphtheria，a deadly infectious(传染的)disease mainly affecting children是宾语从句。
译文：在 那个月的20 日，韦尔奇博士检查一个生病的男孩——比利后，知道他得了白喉病，这是一种主要感染儿童的致命的传染病。
Task 6：经典句式背诵
1．The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.由于大雪，该镇与外界的联系被切断了。
2．Norton Sound was covered with ice，which could sometimes break up without
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warning.Norton Sound.被冰雪覆盖着，有时会毫无警告的发生破裂。
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