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阅读理解
A
(2018·成都高中毕业班测试)“Hungary？”I looked at my school headmaster in confusion.“I never mentioned wanting to go to Hungary.”And with that，my adventure started.
My name is Jonathan Diamond and I just finished an amazing school exchange year in Hungary.
Going on an exchange had always been my dream.When my high school offered an allyear program，I jumped at the opportunity.It would pay for almost everything and all I had to do was buy a plane ticket.I knew where I wanted to go：Spain，the country of dancers wearing flowing red dresses.So when I heard that I was going to Hungary，I was pretty shocked.But I decided to make the best of it，since it was，after all，a onceinalifetime opportunity.Before I knew it，I was on the airplane，leaving for Budapest Ferenc Liszt International Airport，Hungary.
I had difficult times when I almost gave up.Hungarian is the hardest language on the planet.Cultural differences occasionally embarrassed both my peers and me.I had to give up eating carrots，my beautiful favorite，for Hungarians think carrots are rubbish in their country.The change in the landscape was amazing，looking nothing like skyscrapers，bullet trains，cars，and people in tiny houses that I had been accustomed to.Gradually，I fell in love with the relaxing lifestyle，the warmhearted people，and getting home at 2：30 p．m.at the latest from school.And I was sad to leave on my very last day.
Having the host family who took me as one of their own members was the best thing I’ve ever experienced.From my little sisters，I learned how to embrace life to its fullest.From my brothers I learned that it’s OK for a boy to run around the house.From my host parents I learned to stay positive，to smile and that when you pick the right people and take their hands，suddenly，you become friends.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者作为一个交换生在国外学习的经历和感受。
1．How did Jonathan feel when he was told to go to Hungary?
A．Excited and satisfied.
B．Confused and shocked.
C．Amazed and embarrassed.
D．Delighted and interested.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据首段中的“I looked at my school headmaster in confusion.”可知，作者听到这个消息很迷惑，再结合第三段中的“So when I heard that I was going to Hungary，I was pretty shocked.”可知，选项B正确。
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2．Why did Jonathan still decide to go to Hungary instead of Spain?
A．He didn’t like Spain.
B．He wanted to learn Hungarian.
C．It was a rare chance.
D．Going to Hungary was much cheaper.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But I decided to make the best of it，since it was，after all，a onceinalifetime opportunity.”可知，作者决定充分利用这次机会，因为毕竟这是一次千载难逢的机会，所以选项C正确。a rare chance“一次罕见的机会”。
3．What can we learn about Jonathan during his stay in Hungary?
A．He fell in love with eating carrots.
B．He couldn’t wait to leave.
C．He was surprised by the landscape.
D．He quickly got used to the life there.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The change in the landscape was amazing”可知选项C正确。
4．According to Jonathan，the host family________．
A．changed him completely
B．taught him how to dance well
C．treated him as equally as a student
D．showed him the good things of life
D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者从寄宿家庭那里学到了很多人生哲学，他们向作者展现了生活中美好的事情，故选项D正确。
B
(2018·淄博模拟)When Columbus “sailed the ocean blue in 1492” he wasn’t looking for America.He was searching for a route from Spain to China；America just got in the way.
The Spanish were after the riches of Asia：silk，dates，spices.Until later adventurers discovered how to sail to the Far East，trade with China depended on the Silk Road.The trade between China and Europe brought huge wealth，so the Spanish had a strong desire to find a new way to the East.Eventually a way appeared；as sea traffic developed from the 17th Century onwards，the overland route diminished．
Now China is seeking to revive(复兴) the Silk Road and is preparing to invest 4 trillion pounds in new roads，rail links，oil pipelines and other basic facilities.It is hoped that goods can be shipped westwards by land far more quickly and economically than by sea.
But the plan is also to attract more tourists.Actually，China does pretty well for tourists
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already；it’s the world’s fourth most visited country.Two cities—Beijing and Shanghai—possess the tourism business，with significant interest in destinations such as Xi’an and Chengdu.While Beijing is modern，cities such as Lanzhou and Dunhuang have one foot planted firmly in old China.
Other places featured include Xi’an，the former capital of China，where you can come face to face with the Terracotta Army built to protect China’s first emperor in the afterlife.From Lanzhou tour members take the train to Jiayuguan，China’s western gateway and a key location on the Silk Road.
There is also a fourday coach journey along the original Silk Route through the Xinjiang region to Kashgar.Along the way，at Kurla，you can visit the ruins of the Iron Fortress.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。在古代，丝绸之路促进了东西方商品和文化的交流，后来没落了。但是最近几年，中国复兴丝绸之路的计划使它又焕发了活力、魅力。
5．What does the underlined word“diminished” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Discovered. B．Disappeared.
C．Disturbed. D．Displayed.
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段最后两句中的“the Spanish had a strong desire to find a new way to the East.Eventually a way appeared；as sea traffic developed from the 17th Century onwards”可知，当时西班牙人找到了一条更快、更方便的通往中国的海路，因此随着海上贸易的发展，那条陆地上的丝绸之路逐渐废弃、消失不见了。由此可推断出，“diminish”应意为“消失”。故选B。
6．What is the purpose of reviving the Silk Road?
A．To rebuild the ruins of the Iron Fortress.
B．To construct new roads and other basic structures.
C．To make transportation westwards faster and cheaper.
D．To draw more inland tourists’ attention to the western gateway.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，这是为了更快、更便宜地将商品输送至西方。故选C。
7．What can we learn about the Silk Road?
A．It is nothing but a trade route.
B．It may destroy some cities’ ancient style.
C．It attracts foreign investment of £4 trillion.
D．It promotes the tourism industry of China.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，复兴丝绸之路也是为了吸引更多的游客，促进中国旅游业的发展。故选D。
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8．What is the best title for the text?
A．The Charming of the Silk Road
B．The Function of the Silk Road
C．The Origin of the Silk Road
D．The Future of the Silk Road
A 解析：标题归纳题。根据文章内容可判断出，本文主要讲述的是：在最近几年，丝绸之路又焕发出了魅力和活力，它不仅方便了商品的运输，而且促进了中国旅游业的发展。A项体现了本文的主题，适合用作标题。故选A。
完形填空
(2018·青岛检测)Last year, I taught in a special school where students have severe learning and behavioral difficulties.
Another teacher and I had spent weeks teaching the children __1__ behavior for public outings. Unexpectedly, only a few students, __2__ Kyle, had not earned the privilege(特殊待遇) of going out. He was determined to make his disappointment __3__．
In the corridor(走廊) between classrooms, he began __4__， cursing, and swinging at anything __5__ striking distance. Once his outburst died down, he did what he’d done when he was __6__ at all his previous schools. He __7__．
I heard someone shout, “Call the police！”
But I ran __8__ him.
Kyle ran faster than me, but I would at least be able to keep him in my __9__ and know he was alive.
After several blocks of running, Kyle __10__ his pace. Then he stopped. He stood still and watched me __11__. I had no idea what I was going to say or do but I kept walking closer.
The school principal and an officer got out of a police car. They spoke __12__ to Kyle, who willingly climbed into the back of the vehicle. I couldn’t hear what was said, but I didn’t take my eyes off Kyle’s face, even as they __13__．
I couldn’t help but feel that I had __14__ him, and that I should have done or said more. I __15__ my feelings with a speech therapist who was __16__ with Kyle’s history. “No one ever ran after him before, Rachel，” she said. “No one. They just let him go.”
Things __17__ the day I ran after him, even though I wasn’t able to __18__ him from the mess he was in. It was the day I didn’t throw my hands in the air and decide he was too fast, a waste of time and __19__. It was the day my mere presence was enough to make a big __20__．
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了自己在特殊学校当老师期间所经历的一件事。问题学生Kyle因没被允许参加集体出游而发飙，当别人打电话叫警察时，作者出于担心跟随Kyle跑了出来，当作者终于追上Kyle时，
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警车却把似乎有所触动的Kyle带走了。本文表明了某些简单的行为也能产生大的影响。
1．A.wild B．appropriate
C．gentle D．noble
B 解析：A项意为“野蛮的，疯狂的”；B项意为“恰当的，合适的”；C项意为“温柔的”；D项意为“高贵的，贵族的”。由上文可知，作者是在特殊学校当老师，故此处指为了给集体出游做准备，作者教孩子们恰当的举止行为。故选B。
2．A.except B．beside
C．including D．referring
C 解析：A项意为“除了”；B项意为“在……旁边”；C项意为“包括”；D项意为“提到”。此处提到只有几个学生没有获得出游的特殊待遇，结合下文Kyle的行为可知，这几个学生中包括Kyle。故选C。
3．A.gone B．known
C．disappear D．said
B 解析：根据下文Kyle的行为可知，他想让别人知道他的失望，使用make sth.known结构，表示“使某事让别人知道”。故选B。
4．A.screaming B．speaking
C．heating D．learning
A 解析：根据语境可知，此处描述Kyle感情爆发的情形，scream意为“尖叫”，符合语境。故选A。
5．A.beyond B．out of
C．within D．off
C 解析：A项意为“超越，在……较远的一边”；B项意为“在……外”；C项意为“在……里面，在……范围内”；D项意为“离开”。Kyle因失望而开始哭闹，将他能够得着的东西摇来晃去。故选C。
6．A.angry B．excited
C．terrified D．sad
A 解析：由上文可知，Kyle生气了，感情爆发了。angry意为“生气的”，符合语境。故选A。
7．A.jumped B．cried
C．fought D．ran
D 解析：由下文可知，Kyle跑走了，作者去追赶他。故选D。
8．A.before B．besides
C．with D．after
D 解析：由下文的“Kyle ran faster than me”可知，此处指作者追赶他。run after意为“
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追赶”，符合语境。故选D。
9．A.mind B．side
C．sight D．need
C 解析：根据空格后面的“know he was alive”可知，虽然Kyle比作者跑得快，但是作者至少可以让Kyle保持在自己视线之内，知道他还活着。sight意为“视线，视野”，符合语境。故选C。
10．A.sped B．kept
C．slowed D．stopped
C 解析：根据下一句“Then he stopped.”可知，跑过几个街区之后，Kyle放慢了脚步，然后停了下来。slow意为“减速，放慢”，符合语境。故选C。
11．A.approach B．leave
C．say D．move
A 解析：根据下一句中的“walking closer”可知，此处指Kyle看着作者走近。approach意为“走近”，符合语境。故选A。
12．A.happily B．excitedly
C．cheerfully D．calmly
D 解析：A项意为“高兴地”；B项意为“兴奋地”；C项意为“快乐地，高兴地”；D项意为“平静地”。此处校长和警官应是心平气和地与Kyle说话，以免刺激到Kyle激动的情绪。故选D。
13．A.walked away B．drove away
C．ran away D．put away
B 解析：A项意为“走开”；B项意为“赶走，(把车)开走”；C项意为“逃离”；D项意为“把……收起来，把……放好”。根据上文中的“got out of a police car”可知，此处应指他们把警车开走。故选B。
14．A.helped B．forgot
C．failed D．permitted
C 解析：由空格后面的“that I should have done or said more”可知，作者感到自己让Kyle失望了。fail sb.意为“使某人失望，有负于某人”。故选C。
15．A.experienced B．wrote
C．compared D．shared
D 解析：A项意为“经历，体验”；B项意为“写”；C项意为“比较”；D项意为“分享”。由下文提到的作者和言语治疗专家的谈话可知，作者和治疗专家分享了他的感觉。故选D。
16．A.together B．familiar
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C．satisfied D．special
B 解析：由下文提到的作者和言语治疗专家的谈话可知，这位言语治疗专家对Kyle的情况非常熟悉。be familiar with意为“对……熟悉”。故选B。
17．A.stayed B．remained
C．happened D．changed
D 解析：由上文可知，以前Kyle跑出去时不曾有人追过他，他们只是任他跑走，但是这次作者追了出去。因此，此处指“在我追他的那天情况改变了”。change意为“改变”，符合语境。故选D。
18．A.save B．escape
C．take D．affect
A 解析：A项意为“挽救，拯救”；B项意为“逃跑”；C项意为“带，拿，乘坐”；D项意为“影响”。由语境可知，作者追赶Kyle的行为影响了Kyle，即使作者无法把他从其所处的困境中挽救出来。故选A。
19．A.money B．effort
C．words D．chances
B 解析：根据上文可知，作者没有因为Kyle跑得太快就决定不去追他，也不觉得追赶Kyle是浪费时间和精力。effort意为“精力，努力”，符合语境。故选B。
20．A.decision B．promise
C．difference D．mess
C 解析：四个选项都可以和动词make构成短语：make a decision意为“做决定”；make a promise意为“许诺”；make a difference意为“有影响，有关系”；make a mess意为“制造混乱”。根据上文可知，此处应表达“我的出现就足以产生很大的影响”。故选C。
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