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阅读理解
A
(2018·云南高三11校跨区调研)If our kids don’t fall, they don’t learn to get up. I still remember the day in high school that my mom forgot to pick me up from school. I’m the oldest of four children, and no doubt she’d had a long day with the other kids and it’d slipped her mind.After waiting at school for an hour, I walked the three miles home, and when I got to my house, I shut our front door with anger, stormed into the kitchen and screamed in my mom’s face that she’d forgotten me.
Later that night, my dad told me I no longer had a ride to school the next day. I figured my mom would still take me, but when the morning came, she refused.It was midterm, and as a straightA student ready to start college applications, being late wasn’t an option. In my mind, missing these tests would have been the end of my academic career. I begged my mom. I told her she was ruining my future and everything I’d worked for. But she held__her__ground,__and that day, I walked to school. And I missed my tests.
My mom didn’t rescue me from failure. She let me suffer from it. She let me figure it out. She let me learn. Now, as a mom myself, I’ve realized that I want my kids to experience failure because failure is how we grow, learn and think outside of ourselves. It’s how we selfeducate to learn what’s right and respectable, and what’s not. It’s how we become responsible and enthusiastic.
Falling down makes us better, because we learn how to get up.
【解题导语】 本文作者通过亲身体会告诉我们：失败让我们变得更好，因为我们在失败中学会成长。
1．Why did the author shout at her mother?
A．Because she was tired after walking home.
B．Because she missed some important tests.
C．Because her mother had ruined her future.
D．Because her mother didn’t pick her up home.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“After waiting at school for an hour, I walked the three miles home, and when I got to my house, I shut our front door with anger, stormed into the kitchen and screamed in my mom’s face that she’d forgotten me.”可知，作者在学校等了一个小时，后来自己走回了家，因此她对妈妈没有去学校接她非常生气，故选D。
2．How does the author feel about her experience now?
A．Disappointed. B．Merciful.
C．Beneficial. D．Embarrassed.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Now, as a mom myself, I’ve realized that I want my kids to experience failure because failure is how we grow, learn and think outside of ourselves.”说明作者现在认为她之前的经历对她是有益的(Beneficial)。
3．What does the underlined phrase “held her ground” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Stuck to her decision.
B．Gave in to me.
C．Said yes to me.
D．Stayed in the place.
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A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段的“But she held__her__ground,__and that day, I walked to school.”中But的转折意味以及后面作者仍然走着去上学可知，妈妈仍坚持她的观点，没有送作者去上学。
4．What is the best title for the text?
A．Offer Your Kids Help If Necessary
B．Stop Rescuing Your Kids from Failure
C．Be Responsible for Your Kids’ Failure
D．Try to Meet Your Kids’ Demands
B 解析：标题归纳题。根据第三段和第四段的叙述，尤其是第三段的“My mom didn’t rescue me from failure.”及“I want my kids to experience failure because failure is how we grow, learn and think outside of ourselves”可知，B项最适合作文章标题。
B
(2018·江西名校联盟检测)For over a century, the Nashua River in Massachusetts provided power for mills(工厂), which gave jobs to thousands of people.Over the years, these paper, cotton, wood, and woolen mills had dumped their waste into its waters.
By the 1960s, the Nashua River was about as polluted as any river could get.Its waters ran red or green or blue with dye(染料) from paper mills situated on its banks.The fumes(烟) from this dye blackened the paint on the buildings near the river.
Then along came Marion Stoddart with a simple but overwhelming idea—clean up the Nashua.This was no onewoman campaign.Stoddart encouraged the paper mills and the business community to form partnerships to reclaim the river.She carried jars of dirty river water to local officials to demonstrate the seriousness of the problem.Stoddart talked with business leaders about economic problems.She talked with environmentalists about the longterm problems of pollution.
Stoddart knew that the State Water Pollution Control Board would have the final say on forcing the cleanup.When she spoke to the board, she insisted that the Nashua should be made safe for swimming.They thought her goals were unrealistic.
However, the partnerships Stoddart had helped form and the volunteers who were drawn to her cause never gave up.They all realized that cleaning up the river was in everyone’s best interests.By 1993, several water treatment plants had been built, and a conservation area called a “greenway” had been created along the banks of the river.
Today mills are still operating along the river, but there are also fish in the river. The Nashua River welcomes boaters, naturalists, and even swimmers.None of this would have been possible without a woman of vision and a community working together.
【解题导语】 本文讲的是Marion Stoddart如何联合个体、团体和政府部门共同治理河水污染的事。
5．What does the underlined word “reclaim” refer to?
A．Rescue. B．Enlarge.
C．Monitor. D．Explore.
A 解析：词义猜测题。结合语境及上下文中出现的“clean up the Nashua”“the cleanup”“cleaning up the river”等信息可知，此处指的应是河流治理方面的内容，由此可推知画线词的意思应是“改造”，与A项意思相近，故选A。
6．What’s the board’s attitude to Stoddart’s goal of improving the river?
A．Supportive. B．Doubtful.
C．Neutral. D．Cautious.
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B 解析：观点态度题。根据第四段中的“When she spoke to the board...They thought her goals were unrealistic.”可知，该委员会认为Stoddart改善河流状况的目标不切实际，即持怀疑的态度，故选B。
7．What kind of person is Marion Stoddart?
A．Independent and broadminded.
B．Determined and farsighted.
C．Intelligent and creative.
D．Stubborn and proud.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三、四段中对Stoddart为了改善河流状况东奔西走的描述及最后一段中的“a woman of vision”可知，Marion Stoddart是一个有决心和有远见卓识的人。故选B。
8．What message is conveyed through the no onewoman campaign?
A．It’ll be all right on the night.
B．Prevention is better than cure.
C．Many hands make light work.
D．Failure is the mother of success.
C 解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，改善纳舒厄河被污染的现状并不是Stoddart一个人的战斗，她还积极地联合个体、团队和政府部门共同治理河水污染，并最终收到成效。由此可知，C项“众人拾柴火焰高”符合题意。
七选五
(2018·广州检测)Philadelphia is a city known for many things. It is where the Declaration of Independence was signed in 1776, and it was also the first capital of the United States. 1.________ It is home to nearly 3，000 murals(壁画) painted on the sides of homes and buildings around the city. That’s more murals than any other city on Earth. 2.________
More than 20 years ago, a New Jersey artist named Jane Golden started a program pairing troubled youth with artists to paint murals on a few buildings around the city. 3.________ The teenagers involved helped to create magnificent pieces of art, and there were other, even more important, benefits. The young people learned to cooperate and get along with many different kinds of people during the painting. They learned to be responsible, because they needed to follow a schedule to make sure the murals were completed. 4.________ It is hard for anyone to see the spectacular designs and not feel proud to be a part of Philadelphia.
Take a walk around some of the poorest neighbourhoods in Philadelphia and you will find beautiful works of art on the sides and fronts of buildings. Of course the murals are not just in poor neighbourhoods, but richer ones as well. Special buses take tourists to different parts of the city to see the various murals, which show the diverse ethnic groups that call Philadelphia home.
5．________ It is also a model for other cities throughout America seeking to help troubled youth.
A．How did this come to be?
B．What happened to the murals on earth?
C．They also learned to take pride in their community.
D．But one fact about Philadelphia is not so wellknown.
E．From this small project, something magical happened.
F．The program encouraged troubled youth to paint together with their teachers.
G．As a result of its success, the mural program has now become the nation’s largest public
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art program.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了费城壁画的发展历史及其重大意义。
1．D 解析：由本段第一句可知，费城因为许多东西而闻名。D项“但是有一个事实不是很为人所知”是对前文的转折，同时引出本文所要介绍的内容，承上启下，符合语境。故选D项。
2．A 解析：上一句介绍了费城拥有比世界其他城市都多的壁画；下文介绍了费城壁画发展的历史。A项“这是怎么出现的？”承上启下，符合语境。故选A项。
3．E 解析：根据下一句中的“there were other, even more important, benefits”可知，这些问题少年参与到壁画的创作中，并且在这个过程中带来了更重要的益处。E项“从这个小小的项目中，一些神奇的事情发生了”引出了对壁画益处的介绍，符合语境。故选E项。
4．C 解析：根据下一句“It is hard for anyone...not feel proud to be a part of Philadelphia.”可知，人们开始将这些壁画当作是费城引以为傲的一部分。C项意为“他们同样学会了为自己的社区感到骄傲”，句中的“also”承接上文，take pride in与下文中的“feel proud”相呼应，承上启下，符合语境。故选C项。
5．G 解析：根据下一句“It is also a model for other cities...”可知，最后总结了壁画对费城产生的影响。G项意为“由于它的成功，这个壁画项目已经成为整个国家最大的公共艺术项目”，是对费城壁画的地位评价，总结全文，符合语境。故选G项。
短文改错
(2018·郑州一中上学期高三入学测试)The incident had happened on my way to a bookstore on the rainy Sunday afternoon.I was waiting for the green light when a girl about ten was knocked down by a passing car，that drove off quickly.A man immediately rushed to the girl to give him first aid.I joined in without any hesitate.A young woman called 110 and the polices soon arrived at the scene.Fortunate she was not badly injured and we sent her to the nearest hospital.Comparing with the escaped driver，I am proud of that I did.
答案：
The incident happened on my way to a bookstore on rainy Sunday afternoon.I was waiting for the green light when a girl about ten was knocked down by a passing car， drove off quickly.A man immediately rushed to the girl to give first aid.I joined in without any .A young woman called 110 and the soon arrived at the scene. she was not badly injured and we sent her to the nearest hospital. with the escaped driver，I am proud of I did.
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