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阅读理解
A
(2018·湖北部分重点中学联考)Jon Hoffman was sitting at a red light when he saw a man run out of a store carrying a plastic donation jar full of cash.Dressed in plain clothes，Jon Hoffman caught the man and pressed him against the hood(引擎盖) of his car. But Hoffman had trouble controlling the thief，and they got into a struggle.
“The detective has a military background，and he said he thought the suspect must have a military background，too，because he was able to break away so easily，” a local police spokesperson said.
The detective called out for help as a crowd gathered. Among those watching were Harvey and Kirby，two day laborers.
Harvey did what has become common these days—he took out his phone to shoot the video. “I hate to say it，but I thought that this policeman was doing something stupid，”Harvey said. “But when he asked for help，I thought，well，there wouldn’t be shooting if I got over there in time.” Harvey jumped into action，while he was still recording the video. So did Kirby.
“Harvey caught hold of the suspect’s arms，while Kirby seized his legs，and they were able to get the suspect to the ground to help Detective Hoffman put the handcuffs(手铐) on，”said the police spokesperson. The 27yearold suspect was charged with resisting arrest and other offenses. The charity jar he stole held less than$50.
“I’ve been on the wrong side of the law several times in my life，”Harvey said. “It feels good to be on the right side and do something positive.”
After the arrest，the three men got to know each other at a local steak house—Hoffman’s treat，as a thank you.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇新闻故事，讲述了一位侦探在两位临时工的协助下制服一名嫌疑人的过程。
1．What made Hoffman call for help when arresting the suspect?
A．He was not on duty.
B．He couldn’t control the suspect.
C．He needed witnesses to support him.
D．He wanted to push the thief into the car.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句可知，Hoffman控制住那个嫌疑人有困难，并且他们扭打在一起。故选项B正确。
2．What can be inferred about Harvey?
A．He was ready to break the law.
B．He was out of work at that time.
C．He had a good military background.
D．He might have had some illegal deeds.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第六段中的“I’ve been on the wrong side of the law several times in my life”可知，Harvey曾经违反过法律，所以选项D “他可能有过一些违法行为”是正确的。
3．What is Hoffman’s attitude towards Harvey and Kirby?
A．Grateful. B．Prejudiced.
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C．Skeptical. D．Admirable.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Hoffman’s treat，as a thank you”可知，嫌疑人被捕后，Hoffman请Harvey和Kirby吃饭，作为对他们的感谢。所以选项A正确。
B
(2018·济南模拟)A European Union program is letting blind people experience famous paintings for the first time. It uses three－dimensional(3－D) printing to recreate famous paintings so they can be touched.
One painting printed with the new technology is Gustav Klimt’s “The Kiss”. It is a popular attraction at the Belvedere Museum in Vienna, Austria. The painting shows a man and a woman standing in a field filled with flowers. They are wearing gold robes and have their arms around each other. The man leans down to kiss the woman.
Klimt finished the painting in 1908. Until now, people who had trouble seeing could not appreciate the artwork. But thanks to the reproduction they can touch the piece and feel the ridges and depressions. Andreas Reichinger started making 3－D versions of artwork in 2010. He said this reproduction was his most difficult project because the couple’s robes are so detailed.
Dominika Raditsch is a blind museum visitor. She touched the reproduction. As she moved her hands around it she said, “Exactly, can you see these? There are so many details.”Raditsch said she could imagine what the original painting looks like when she touched the reproduction. “It’s somehow round. You can feel it. You can feel it. It comes with it. And in many places it’s so smooth. And then I think to myself: it probably shines too！” Raditsch said.
The Belvedere is not the only museum to have 3－D versions of its artwork. Some of the pieces at the Prado Museum, in Madrid, Spain have reproductions that can be touched. But the piece in Vienna has one special part: it is made with widely available 3－D printing technology. That means one day, blind art fans anywhere in the world could download the source files and print the reproductions themselves.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了欧盟的一个项目使用3D打印技术重现名画，让它们可以被视障人士触摸到。
4．What is “The Kiss”？
A．A European Union project.
B．A popular painting.
C．A 3－D technology.
D．A famous museum.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“One painting printed with the new technology is Gustav Klimt’s ‘The Kiss’. It is a popular attraction...” 可知，《吻》是一幅深受大家欢迎的画作。故选B项。
5．Why did Reichinger say this reproduction was difficult to finish?
A．The painting was reproduced detailedly.
B．The original artwork was made in 1908.
C．Blind art fans can’t download the source.
D．The 3－D technology is not available.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的最后一句可知，Andreas Reichinger说《吻》是最难完成的作品，因为那对恋人的长袍细节很多。故选A项。
6．How did Raditsch feel when she first touched the reproduction?
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A．Awkward. B．Puzzled.
C．Excited. D．Nervous.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“You can feel it. You can feel it.”可以推测出Raditsch“激动的”心情。故选C项。
7．What is the best title for the text?
A．A European Union Program for Museum Visitors
B．3－D Printing Lets the Blind Experience Famous Paintings
C．How to Reproduce the World－famous Paintings
D．A Special Museum for Art Fans in Vienna, Austria
B 解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段中的内容可以看出，用3D打印技术让视障人士体验名画是文章的中心，下文是围绕该话题展开介绍的。故选B项。
完形填空
(2018·西宁检测)Many students often say that they don’t have “enough time” to do all their schoolwork. My __1__is often brief, “You have as much time as the president.” I usually carry on a bit about __2__twenty four hours in the day for everyone, and suggest that “not enough time” is not a(n)__3__explanation of __4__something done.
__5__in graduate school, I tried to prove to one of my professors __6__saying that I was working hard. His answer to me was, “That’s irrelevant. __7__is important is the __8__of your work.”Since then I have had time to think carefully about the trick of “__9__”， and I have come to some __10__all relevant to the problem of how much time we have.
If you analyze the matter, you can identify two parts of the problem: There is, __11__，the matter of “time”， which we can think of __12__. Then there is the problem of “work” during that time. But, as my professor suggested, it’s not how hard one works __13__the quality of the product that’s important.
That led me to a new idea: the quality of the work. That __14__is perhaps best explained by a sign I once saw on the wall in someone’s office：“Don’t work harder.__15__．” There is a lot of sense in that idea.
If you can’t get more time, and few of us can, the only solution is to improve the quality of the work. That means thinking of ways to get more out of __16__time than we might otherwise get. That should lead us to an analysis of our work habits. Since “work” for students usually means“homework”， the expression “work habits” should be read as “__17__ habits”．
Then, as a smart student, you will __18__those skills that you use in study，__19__reading and writing. If you learn to read better and write better, there are big benefits that __20__in all your studies.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了“工作和学习不要总是强调更勤奋，而应当强调更聪明”这一观点，指出应当提高自己的工作质量和工作效率，而不是一味强调“勤奋”。
1．A.question B．idea
C．reply D．key
C 解析：根据该句中的“You have as much time as the president.”可知，该处回答了上文的疑问；C项意为“回答”，故C项正确。A项意为“问题”，B项意为“想法”，D项意为“关键，答案”，都与语境不符。
2．A.there being B．there are
C．there be D．there to be
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A 解析：根据该句中的“twenty four hours in the day for everyone”可知，每个人每天都有24小时，故用“there be”结构，表示“存在，有”，介词about后跟名词、代词、动名词作宾语，故A项正确。
3．A.strange B．acceptable
C．surprising D．demanding
B 解析：根据语境可知，每个人每天都有24小时，所以“没有足够的时间”作为解释是不能接受的；B项意为“可接受的”，故B项正确。A项意为“奇怪的”；C项意为“令人惊讶的”；D项意为“要求高的，费力的”。
4．A.no getting B．not getting
C．no letting D．not letting
B 解析：根据语境可知，每个人每天都有24小时，所以“没有足够的时间”不能解释没有完成工作。get something done 为固定搭配，意为“完成某事”，该处表示否定，前面用not，故B项正确。
5．A.Since then B．Just now
C．Ever D．Once
D 解析：根据该句中的“I tried to prove to one of my professors”，结合下文的“His answer to me was”可知，该处叙述的是一件过去发生的事情，D项意为“曾经”，故D项正确。A项意为“从那时起”；B项意为“刚刚，刚才”；C项意为“曾经”。
6．A.by B．in
C．on D．upon
A 解析：根据该句中的“saying that I was working hard”可知，“我”试图通过说“我”自己工作勤奋来向“我”的一位教授证明自己；A项表示方式，故A项正确。
7．A.That B．What
C．Whether D．If
B 解析：分析该句结构可知，空处引导主语从句，也作该从句的主语，故用连接代词what；该句意“重要的是你的工作质量”，故B项正确。
8．A.quantity B．amount
C．number D．quality
D 解析：根据上文中的“I was working hard”，结合该句语境和第三段最后一句中的“quality”可知，教授对“工作勤奋”的回答是“重要的是工作质量”；D项意为“质量”，故D项正确。A项意为“数量”；B项意为“数量”；C项意为“数字”。
9．A.hard worker B．honest student
C．busy president D．future graduate
A 解析：根据该段第一句中的“I was working hard”，结合空前一句教授对此的回应可知，从那时起“我”就开始仔细思考“勤奋工作者”的技巧；A项和“working hard”匹配，故A项正确。B项意为“诚实的学生”；C项意为“忙碌的总统”；D项意为“未来的毕业生”。
10．A.constructions B．contributions
C．conclusions D．concentrations
C 解析：根据该句中的“I have come to”，结合下文内容可知，就此问题，“我”已经得出结论。C项意为“结论”，故C项正确。A项意为“建筑”；B项意为“贡献”；D项意为“集中”。
11．A.of course B．in fact
C．as a result D．as a whole
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A 解析：根据语境并结合常识可知，这一问题中最重要的当然是时间；A项意为“当然”，故A项正确。B项意为“事实上，实际上”；C项意为“结果是……”；D项意为“作为整体”。
12．A.if followed B．if fixed
C．as followed D．as fixed
D 解析：根据空后一句“Then there is the problem of ‘work’during that time.”可知，接下来是在此期间的“工作”问题；据此可以判断，该处是说，人们总是认为时间是固定不变的，故D项正确。
13．A.so B．but
C．nor D．and
B 解析：根据该句中的“it’s not how hard one works ______the quality of the product that’s important”可知，并不是工作多么勤奋，而是产品的质量才是重要的；not...but...为固定搭配，意为“不是……而是……”。
14．A.concept B．sense
C．explanation D．solution
A 解析：根据上文中的“a new idea”可知，该处指这种新观念(concept)，故A项正确。B项意为“感觉”；C项意为“解释”；D项意为“解决办法”。
15．A.Work more smartly B．Work faster
C．Think twice D．Think aloud
A 解析：根据上文中的“Don’t work harder.”可知，工作不要更努力；据此可以判断，空处与此对应，意为“工作要更聪明”，故A项正确。B项意为“工作更快”；C项意为“三思而行”；D项意为“自言自语”。
16．A.a little B．the more
C．the less D．the same
D 解析：根据语境可知，更聪明地工作意味着在同一时间内想出能得到更多的方法，故D项正确。
17．A.living B．study
C．thinking D．sleeping
B 解析：根据该句中的“Since ‘work’ for students usually means ‘homework’， the expression ‘work habits’ should be read as”可知，对于学生来说，工作即是家庭作业，故“工作习惯”即为“学习习惯”，B项意为“学习”，故B项正确。A项意为“生活”；C项意为“思考”；D项意为“睡眠”。
18．A.seek improving B．seek to improve
C．find improving D．find to improve
B 解析：根据语境并结合常识可知，作为一个聪明的学生，你要寻求高效学习的技能，故用seek to improve，故B项正确。
19．A.chiefly B．briefly
C．actually D．occasionally
A 解析：根据下文中的“If you learn to read better and write better”并结合常识可知，该处指学生主要在阅读和写作上提高自己；A项意为“主要地”，故A项正确。B项意为“暂时地，简要地”；C项意为“事实上”；D项意为“偶尔，间或”。
20．A.are paid B．is paid
C．pays off D．pay off
D 解析：根据语境可知，如果你学会更好地写作和阅读，
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则你的所有学习将取得巨大的回报。D项意为“成功，奏效”，故D项正确。
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