2018版 专题限时集训21　完形填空——议论文.doc

由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费 专题限时集训(二十一)　完形填空——议论文 ‎(对应学生用书第131页)‎ A ‎(2017·兰州市诊断考试)When your child is supposed to be doing homework，are they chatting with their friends on Facebook or playing games？Many studies have shown that multitasking doesn't 1 ， 2 your child is probably proudly claiming they can do ten things 3 ！Many people believe that they can 4 two or more tasks at the same time，but Dr.Edward Hallowell says this is 5 .The reality is that multitasking 6 poor job performance.‎ New handheld 7 such as smartphones，iPads，games and social networking sites make it very easy to multitask and 8 attention leading to difficulty focusing on the task 9 ，such as listening in the classroom or doing homework.“ 10 ，the brain actually 11 kids for multitasking even though your child's performance on every task gets worse and worse.Kids don't know that they are doing 12 because they feel better when they multitask，” says Dr.Edward Hallowell.‎ ‎ 13 the appearance of handheld devices and social networking sites，teachers have noticed a difference in 14 performance，critical thinking skills and how information is 15 ．“Multitasking prevents people from gaining a deep understanding of the information they are trying to learn，” says Dr.Edward Hallowell.Kids have a difficult time sticking with a “difficult to understand” topic and 16 to allow themselves to be distracted (注意力分散的)，to tune out and switch 17 to Facebook or using their cell phones 18 working harder at understanding a difficult subject or problem.In the long 19 ，multitasking affects grades.One study shows that kids that use the Internet while in class do 20 on tests，resulting in lower grades.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述了孩子们同时做多项任务对学业所造成的负面影响。‎ ‎1．A．play　　　　　　　 B．understand C．use D．work D　[根据下文中的“The reality is that multitasking 6 poor job performance”‎ 由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费 由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费 可推知，一次做很多事情并没有什么效果。work“有效，起作用”。]‎ ‎2．A．only if B．even though C．so that D．no wonder B　[根据语境可知，空处上下句之间存在逻辑上的转折关系，even though“虽然，尽管”，符合语境。]‎ ‎3．A．at once B．right away C．in no time D．at random A　[根据下文中的“Many people believe that they can 4 two or more tasks at the same time”可知，孩子们会声称能同时做十件事情。at once“一起，同时”。]‎ ‎4．A．advocate B．deal C．perform D．prefer C　[根据语境可知，许多人相信他们可以同时做两件或是更多事情。perform“做，执行，履行”。]‎ ‎5．A．impossible B．important C．impatient D．impolite A　[根据下文中的“poor job performance”可知，Dr.Edward Hallowell认为同时做多个任务是不可能的。故A项正确。]‎ ‎6．A．results in B．results from C．exists in D．exists from A　[根据语境尤其是“poor job performance”可推知，同时做多项任务的结果很不好。result in“导致，造成”。]‎ ‎7．A．designs B．discoveries C．equipment D．evidence C　[根据空后的“smartphones，iPads”可知，此处表示新的便携式装备，故C项正确。下文13空后的“handheld devices”也是信息提示。]‎ ‎8．A．attract B．draw C．pay D．share D　[根据下文中的“leading to difficulty focusing on the task”可推知，多任务容易分散注意力。share“共享，共用”。]‎ 由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费 由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费 ‎9．A．at hand B．on time C．on schedule D．at times A　[根据空后的“such as listening in the classroom or doing homework”可知，这些都是手头要做的事。at hand“在手边”。]‎ ‎10．A．Uncertainly B．Unfortunately C．Universally D．Undoubtedly B　[根据第一段最后两句可知，Dr.Edward Hallowell并不赞成多任务行为，因此当大脑给这种行为以肯定或鼓励时，他认为是不幸的。]‎ ‎11．A．remains B．rewards C．regards D．reflects B　[根据空后的“even though”可知，空处与worse形成对比，由此可推知大脑反而鼓励这种多任务行为。reward“奖赏，报答”。]‎ ‎12．A．better B．well C．bad D．worse D　[根据上文中的“gets worse and worse”和空后的“because they feel better when they multitask”可知，孩子们并不知道自己变得更糟糕。]‎ ‎13．A．Since B．Before C．When D．While A　[结合空后现在完成时的运用可知，此处应用连词since“自从……之后”引导状语从句。 ]‎ ‎14．A．accidental B．accurate C．accessible D．academic D　[根据上文的“teachers”可推知，老师们注意到学生们在学业上的差异。academic“学术的”。]‎ ‎15．A．produced B．processed C．possessed D．promoted B　[根据下文中的“Multitasking prevents people from gaining a deep understanding of the information they are trying to learn”可知，这些便携式工具的出现改变了学生处理信息的方式。process“处理”。 ]‎ ‎16．A．tend B．attend 由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费 由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费 C．intend D．pretend A　[根据空前的“Kids have a difficult time sticking with a ‘difficult to understand’ topic”可知，孩子们很难坚持一个理解起来有困难的话题，他们的注意力往往会分散。tend to do sth.“往往会发生某事”。]‎ ‎17．A．out B．on C．off D．over D　[根据语境可知，既然注意力分散了，孩子们就有可能转而关注学习之外的东西。switch over to “转向”。]‎ ‎18．A．except for B．rather than C．more than D．apart from B　[根据语境可知，孩子们去玩手机或Facebook，而不是更努力地学习。rather than“而不是”。]‎ ‎19．A．run B．walk C．journey D．distance A　[in the long run为固定短语，意为“从长远来看”，符合语境。]‎ ‎20．A．hardly B．successfully ‎ C．poorly D．mildly C　[根据空后的“resulting in lower grades”可知，在课堂上上网的孩子考试成绩差。]‎ B 【导学号：52384074】‎ Whenever we're introduced to strangers，we make decisions about them according to our first impressions.For most Brits，simply asking someone how much they earn is 21 as impolite behavior.However，it is 22 that people admire those who show off their 23 ．‎ This is a 24 trend.I've felt the warm glow (喜悦) of knowing I earned 25 than somebody，and the grey 26 of knowing that I earned less than another.‎ It seems as though selfworth is increasingly being 27 the careers we choose and the money we earn.We need to stop 28 so much value on what people earn and what they do.Don't get me wrong—keeping ambitious is not a(n) 29 ，and achievements should always be 30 instead of being underestimated (低估)．But 由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费 由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费 ‎ when a person uses their success to judge you 31 ，it becomes a problem.‎ We need to stop thinking that somebody is worth admiring if they're rich but 32 other people's benefits on their way to success.We need to 33 that being an honest and fair person is not a sign of weakness but a positive and 34 personality.‎ Here's a(n) 35 if you want to know what you're really worth: It has 36 to do with your bank account.It's 37 about how many times you've been there for your friends and how many times you've been kind to a 38 ．It's every time you do something 39 or treat someone with respect no matter 40 they are in their own life.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。作者在文中阐述的是自我价值源于内在的品质，与金钱无关。‎ ‎21．A．considered　　　　 B．qualified ‎ C．appointed D．recommended A　[根据文化背景知识可知，此处表示对大多数英国人而言，直接开口询问某人的薪资被认为(considered)是不礼貌的行为。qualify“使具备资格”；appoint“任命”；recommend“推荐”。]‎ ‎22．A．tentative B．common C．reasonable D．rare B　[联系上下文并根据句中的“However”可知，此处表示然而，人们羡慕那些炫耀自己财富(wealth)的人是很常见的(common)现象。tentative“不确定的”；reasonable“有道理的”。]‎ ‎23．A．talent B．knowledge C．wealth D．reputation C　[参见上题解析。talent“天赋”；knowledge“知识”；reputation“名望”。]‎ ‎24．A．puzzling B．worrying C．shocking D．disappointing B　[根据下文的“We need to stop thinking that somebody is worth admiring...”可推知，作者对于人们有这样的价值观是表示担忧的。worrying“令人担忧的”，符合语境。puzzling“令人困惑的”；shocking“令人震惊的”；disappointing“令人失望的”。]‎ 由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费 由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费 ‎25．A．more B．less C．further D．faster A　[根据上文的“warm glow(喜悦)”和下文的“earned less than another”可知，此处表示作者了解到自己比别人赚得多时内心是喜悦的，而知道自己比别人赚得少时心里会感到悲伤(sadness)。空处与下文的“less”形成对比。]‎ ‎26．A．excitement B．embarrassment ‎ C．amazement D．sadness D　[参见上题解析。空处与上文的“glow(喜悦)”形成对比。excitement“兴奋”；embarrassment“尴尬”；amazement“惊奇”。]‎ ‎27．A．tied to B．adjusted to C．admitted to D．tailored to A　[自我价值似乎越来越多地和我们选择的职业及我们所赚的钱紧密相关。be tied to sth.“与……紧密相关”，故选A。be tailored to“依据……定制”。]‎ ‎28．A．spending B．placing C．lessening D．supporting B　[此处表示我们需要停止把人们所挣的(钱)和他们的工作看得如此重要。place/put value on...“重视，认为……重要”。lessen“减轻”。]‎ ‎29．A．advantage B．success C．fault D．failure C　[根据上下文语境，尤其是后文的“instead of being underestimated(低估)”可知，此处表示有抱负不是一个错误(fault)，且成就不应该总是被低估而是应该被赞赏(appreciated)。advantage“优势”。]‎ ‎30．A．reported B．doubted C．declared D．appreciated D　[参见上题解析。doubt“怀疑，质疑”。]‎ ‎31．A．occasionally B．traditionally C．partially D．properly C　[根据语境可知，此处表示但是当一个人用其成功来片面地(partially)评价你时，它就成了一个问题。occasionally“偶尔”；traditionally“传统地”；properly“恰当地”。]‎ 由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费 由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费 ‎32．A．sacrifice B．value C．preserve D．limit A　[如果某人很富有但却在通往成功的路上牺牲(sacrifice)他人的利益，那么我们就不要再认为他值得钦佩了。value“重视”；preserve“维护”；limit“限制”。]‎ ‎33．A．indicate B．realize C．prove D．caution B　[我们要意识到(realize)做一个正派的人不意味着懦弱，而是象征着一种乐观、坚强的(strong)品质。此处与上文的“stop thinking”相呼应。indicate“显示”；caution“告诫，警告”。]‎ ‎34．A．creative B．elegant ‎ C．primary D．strong D　[参见上题解析。creative“有创造性的”；elegant“优雅的”；primary“主要的”。]‎ ‎35．A．aim B．tip C．warning D．example B　[如果你想知道你真正的价值所在，这儿有一条建议(tip)：它与你的银行账户没有任何关系。 ]‎ ‎[易错点拨]　D项干扰性强，虽然example放在句中语感上没问题，但是下文的“It has...”并非一个例子。‎ ‎36．A．something B．everything ‎ C．anything D．nothing D　[参见上题解析。have nothing to do with...是固定短语，表示“与……无关”。所以用nothing。]‎ ‎37．A．just B．even ‎ C．also D．still A　[上文提到“它与你的银行账户没有任何关系”，故此处指“它只是(just)跟……有关”。]‎ ‎38．A．relative B．stranger ‎ C．workmate D．child 由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费 由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费 B　[根据上文中的“how many times you've been there for your friends”可知，前面说到对朋友随叫随到，这里应该说对陌生人(stranger)友好。]‎ ‎39．A．surprising B．important ‎ C．selfless D．necessary C　[此处承接上文，仍是在描述人的美好品质，故selfless“无私的”符合语境。]‎ ‎40．A．how B．where ‎ C．what D．when B　[此处表示无论一个人在生活中处于何种阶段你都应该尊重他。no matter where在此引导让步状语从句。]‎ C 【导学号：52384075】‎ Sometimes，you are stuck in traffic，anxious about getting a job，or stressed about making a deadline at work. 41 as these situations are，they are also opportunities to 42 kindness and gratitude.Responding gently and thankfully will not 43 make these situations go away，but it can help you be happier and 44 ．‎ Like someone who 45 as part of their work，I find that when I practice being kind and grateful during my travel，I am often more pleased and the travel is a much more 46 experience.‎ The mental and physical 47 of kindness and gratitude are great.Such simple practices not only make you feel good， 48 they can also help protect your immune system，reduce stress and anxiety，and strengthen selfcontrol.And 49 ，the person who is giving，the person who is receiving and the people who are witnessing all benefit from 50 of kindness and gratitude.‎ However，being kind and 51 is not a replacement for working toward important goals，or dealing with challenges.Practicing kindness and appreciation is a way to 52 the quality of your experience and relationships while you are doing these things. 53 your brain may tell you，your ability to be kind and grateful is not 54 upon either your circumstances or how you feel. 55 fact，kindness and gratitude are available to you whenever you choose to practice them.‎ 由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费 由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费 During your lifetime many things will happen.You will experience some of them as pleasant and comfortable and others as 56 and unwanted.You do not have control over the circumstances that life 57 ，but you do have a choice about how you 58 to them.Reacting to whatever 59 up with kindness and gratitude is a powerful 60 ，a choice supported by hundreds of scientific research studies and recommended in every lasting wisdom tradition for thousands of years.‎ What will you choose?‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。生活中会遇到各种各样的事情，有令人不快的，也有令人开心的。不管遇到什么样的事情，我们都应当以感激和善意的态度去面对。‎ ‎41．A．Undoubted　　　 B．Unfortunate C．Undesirable D．Unusual C　[根据上句可知，有时你会遇到交通堵塞，急着找工作，或者为赶工作进度而着急。根据常识可知，这些情况都是令人不快的，C项意为“令人不快的，不受欢迎的”，符合语境。]‎ ‎42．A．practice B．acknowledge C．exchange D．distinguish A　[根据下文中的“thankfully...it can help you be happier”以及第二段第一句中的“practice”可知，尽管这些情况令人不快，但也是练习保持善意、感激心态的机会。A项意为“实践，练习”，符合语境。]‎ ‎43．A．specially B．deliberately C．alternatively D．necessarily D　[根据该句中“but”表达的语境可知，温和而感激地回应不一定会消除这些令人不快的情形。D项意为“必然地，必要地”，符合语境。]‎ ‎44．A．healthier B．thinner C．taller D．wiser A　[根据第三段中的“help protect your immune system”可知，温和而感激地回应这些令人不快的情形不一定会消除它们，但是这会使你更快乐、更健康。A项意为“更健康的”，符合语境。]‎ 由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费 由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费 ‎45．A．reads B．travels C．types D．drives B　[根据该句中的“during my travel...the travel”可知，出差是“我”工作的一部分。]‎ ‎46．A．disappointing B．enjoyable C．practical D．precious B　[根据该句中的“I am often more pleased and...”可知，如果在出差过程中保持感激、善意、美好的心态，那么“我”会更加高兴，本次旅程也会是令人更加愉快的经历。空格处与“pleased”并列。B项意为“令人愉快的”，符合语境。]‎ ‎47．A．conditions B．shortcomings C．benefits D．standards C　[根据上下文可知，善意和感激所带来的身体和精神上的好处是巨大的。C项意为“好处”，符合语境。]‎ ‎48．A．so B．while C．and D．but D　[根据该句中的“not only”可知，这种简单的实践不但使你感觉良好，还能有助于保护你的免疫系统。not only...but(also)意为“不但……而且”，为固定搭配。故D项正确。]‎ ‎49．A．further B．worse C．sooner D．clearer A　[根据上文可知，这种简单的实践不但使你感觉良好，还能有助于保护你的免疫系统；根据下文可知，付出的、接受的和见证的人都从善意和感激的表达中获益；根据空格处上下文的句意可知，上下文表示递进关系。A项意为“更进一步”，符合语境。]‎ ‎50．A．descriptions B．attractions C．expressions D．expectations C　[根据语境可知，付出的人、接受的人和见证此过程的人都从善意和感激的表达中获益。C项意为“表达”，符合语境。]‎ ‎51．A．careful B．grateful 由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费 由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费 C．thoughtful D．doubtful B　[根据上句中的“kindness and gratitude”并结合该句中的“being kind and”可知，空格处应为gratitude的形容词形式，即grateful，意为“感激的”。故B项正确。]‎ ‎52．A．improve B．identify C．lower D．concern A　[根据上句中的“However”和“not”表达的语境可知，善意和感激的行为是提高你的体验质量和改善人际关系的方式。A项意为“改善，提高”，符合语境。]‎ ‎53．A．Whichever B．Wherever C．Whatever D．Whenever C　[句意：无论你的大脑告诉你什么，你表达善意和感激的能力既不取决于你周围的环境，也不取决于你的感觉。分析该句结构可知，空格处作“tell”的宾语，表示“无论什么”。故C项正确。]‎ ‎54．A．focused B．called C．looked D．dependent D　[参见上题解析。be dependent upon为固定搭配，意为“依靠，依赖，取决于”，符合语境。故D项正确。]‎ ‎55．A．About B．In C．To D．By B　[句意：事实上，无论何时你要表达善意和感激都是可以的。in fact为固定搭配，意为“事实上”。故B项正确。]‎ ‎56．A．uncertain B．concerned C．meaningful D．difficult D　[根据该句中的“some of them as pleasant and comfortable and others as and unwanted”可知，空格处与形容词“pleasant and comfortable”相反，与句中“unwanted”相近，由此可知，它们当中有一些是令人愉快让人舒心的，另一些则是困难的、人们不想要的。D项意为“困难的”，符合语境。]‎ ‎57．A．presents B．caters C．demands D．supplies 由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费 由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费 A　[句意：你无法控制生活给予的环境，但是你可以选择对此做出何种反应。A项意为“给予，呈现”，符合语境。]‎ ‎58．A．contribute B．respond C．admit D．appeal B　[参见上题解析。B项意为“反应”，符合语境。]‎ ‎59．A．keeps B．puts C．builds D．turns D　[根据上句中的“the circumstances”表达的语境可知，不管生活中出现什么，都要以善意和感激的心态去对待，那是一个有力的选择。turn up为固定搭配，意为“出现”，符合语境。]‎ ‎60．A．attitude B．tool C．choice D．influence C　[根据该句中的“a choice”可知，不管生活中出现什么，都要以善意和感激的心态去对待，那是一个有力的选择。C项意为“选择”，符合语境。]‎ 由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费