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(2018·合肥高三质检)Cycling is well known to improve individual health and fitness; it also benefits the wider population in terms of economy, transport and environment. The EU promotes cycling via many measures primarily to achieve sustainable(可持续的) clean and energyefficient transport systems. However, despite the fact that the benefits outweigh the risks by 20∶1, many consider the risks too great and that the fear of danger on the road needs to be handled. Cycle lanes(车道) have been used to improve cyclists’ safety and encourage more cyclists onto the road. This research in transport aims to study the effect of cycle lanes on cyclists’ safety where passing space given by overtaking(超车) vehicles is concerned.
In this study, the authors used a bicycle equipped with cameras to record vehicle overtaking in varying road situations to determine whether cycle lanes, color block cycle lanes or no cycle lanes affect passing distances and cyclists’ safety. Their 3 comparisons measuring vehicle passing widths found greater overall distances given with a cycle lane than without. Color block vs. uncolored cycle lanes showed little or no difference, as did no cycle lanes vs. color block cycle lanes. Color block lanes had a slight negative effect suggesting that drivers are more careful when cycle lanes have less definition(清晰度)．
Interestingly, the authors conclude that other factors have a far greater effect on cyclists’safety than presence or absence of cycle lanes. Road width, parking, opposite vehicle flow and speed were key influences on decreased passing widths. The authors also note that driver behaviour is a hugely important factor and urge more research in this area. “In order to reduce risks and encourage more cycling, reducing and calming the existing motorised traffic must be explored first.” They suggest, “Lane width is the most significant variable(变量) to achieve a sufficient vehicle passing distance. The narrow cycle lanes (
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