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阅读理解
(2018·烟台诊断)Grandparents who help out occasionally with childcare in their community tend to live longer than seniors who do not care for other people, according to a study from Berlin, Germany.
“Having no contact with grandchildren at all can negatively impact grandparents’ health. This link could be deeply rooted in our evolutionary past when help with childcare was important for the survival of the human species，” said Sonja Hilbrand, one of the researchers.
The findings are drawn from data on more than 500 people over age 70. Overall, after accounting for grandparents’ age and general state of health, the risk of dying over a 20year period was onethird lower for grandparents who cared for their grandchildren，compared with grandparents who provided no childcare.
Caregiving was associated with a longer life even when the care receiver wasn’t relative. Half of all childless seniors who provided support to friends or neighbors lived for seven years after the study began, while nonhelpers lived for four years on average.
“Caregiving may give caregivers a purpose of life because they may feel useful for others and society. Caregiving may be thought also as an activity that keeps caregivers physically and mentally active，” said Professor Bruno Arpino.
Arpino noted, however, that caregiving is not the only activity that can improve health and that too many caring responsibilities can take away from other beneficial activities like working, being in social clubs, or volunteering.“Children should take__into__account their parents’ needs, willingness, and desires and agree with them on the timing and amount of childcare，” he suggested.
“It is very important that every individual decides for himself/herself, what ‘proper amounts of help’means，” Hilbrand said, adding, “As long as you do not feel stressed about the intensity(强度)of help you provide you may be doing something good for others as well as for yourself.”
【解题导语】 德国柏林一项研究发现，祖父母适当地帮忙照顾孙辈比不照顾孙辈的老年人寿命长。
1．What is the caregiving study based on?
A．Human evolutionary history.
B．Demand of modern society.
C．Social contact between relatives.
D．Data on many elderly people.
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D 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段第一句可知，这一发现是从对500多个70岁以上的老人的数据分析得来的。故选D项。
2．In Arpino’s opinion, childcare________．
A．is sure to keep old people away from illnesses
B．allows old people to live a more meaningful life
C．creates more job opportunities for old people
D．makes social activities inaccessible to old people
B 解析：推理判断题。根据题干中的“Arpino’s opinion”定位至文章第五段中的“Caregiving may give caregivers a purpose of life because they may feel useful for others and society.”可知，看护小孩让看护人觉得生活有了目的，因为他们觉得自己对他人和社会是有用的，也就是说，看护小孩可以使他们感觉生活得有意义。故选B项。
3．What does the underlined part “take into account” in Paragraph 6 probably mean?
A．Limit. B．Ignore.
C．Favor. D．Consider.
D 解析：词义猜测题。根据第六段中的“too many caring responsibilities can take away from other beneficial activities”及下文的“...their parents’ needs, willingness, and desires and agree with them on the timing and amount of childcare”可知，过多的照看责任会使老人无法从事其他有意义的活动，所以孩子应考虑老人的需求、意愿和渴求，同意他们照顾孩子的时间长度和强度的选择。由此可猜测，take into account意为“考虑”，与consider意义相近。故选D项。
4．What does the last paragraph tell us?
A．Grandparents can do anything in their own interests.
B．Grandparents should share more social responsibilities.
C．Proper amounts of childcare do good to grandparents.
D．Caregiving guarantees every grandparent a longer life.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“As long as you do not feel stressed about the intensity(强度) of help you provide you may be doing something good for others as well as for yourself.”可知，只要你帮忙的强度不会让你感到有压力，这对他人、对你自己都是有好处的。由此可知，适当地照顾小孩对祖父母有好处。故选C项。
七选五
(2018·临沂模拟)College visits are important.1.________. Also, before you commit years of your life and thousands of dollars to a school, make sure you’re choosing a place that suits you best. Below are a few tips for getting the most out of your college visit.
• Explore on your own
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2．________. So try to walk the extra miles and get the complete picture of the campus on your own. When you visit the student center, academic buildings and residence halls, take a few minutes to read the bulletin boards(告示板). They provide a quick and easy way to see what’s happening on campus.
• Eat in the dining hall and sleep in the dorm
You can get a good feel for student life by eating in the dining hall. Is the food good? Are there adequate healthy options? And if it’s at all possible, spend a night at the college. 3.________．
• 4.________
If you know what you want to study, have a conference with a professor and students in that field. You’ll get to observe other students in your field and see how engaged they are in classroom discussion. They will give you an opportunity to see if the major really matches you. 5.________．
Lastly, if you’re comparing several schools, be sure to record your feelings during the visit. They may help you carry on further study before making your final decision.
A．You can’t get the “feel” of a school from any guidebook
B．For one, they help demonstrate your interest in a school
C．The trained tour guides will show you a school’s selling points
D．Most colleges don’t allow visitors to drop in on class unannounced
E．Visit a class in your major and talk with a professor and lots of students
F．Nothing will give you a better sense of student life than a night in the dorm
G．If you haven’t decided on a major yet, more visits to different major classes are necessary
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。要想了解一所大学，最好能自己在学校逗留一段时间，了解饮食住宿、课外活动，再通过听课来了解下与专业相关的情况等。
1．B 解析：根据文章主旨句“College visits are important.”可知，去校园参观对了解一所大学很重要。结合下文中的“Also”和语境可知，此处指校园参观很重要的原因。B项“一方面它们有助于证实你对一所学校的兴趣”承上启下，符合语境。故选B。
2．C 解析：根据下文中的“extra miles”和“get the complete picture”可知，你还要独自在校园多走走，靠你自己了解整个校园。由此推知，C项“受过专业培训的导游会向你展示学校的卖点”能引起下文，符合语境。故选C。
3．F 解析：根据本段小标题可知，本段写的是通过在食堂吃东西和在宿舍睡觉来进一步了解学校。结合“spend a night at the college”可知，F项“没有什么比在宿舍睡一个晚上能让你对学生生活有更深的认知了”符合语境。故选F。
4．E 解析：空格处为本段小标题，应是对本段内容的概括。根据本段内容可知，E项“去一个你要学的专业的班级与教授和本专业的学生进行沟通”是对本段的概括。故选E。
5．G 解析：根据上文中的“see if the major really matches you”可知，
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此处指看看这个专业是不是真的适合你。G项“如果你还决定不了要学的专业，多看看不同专业的课堂(学习)是很有必要的”承接上文，符合语境。故选G。
语法填空
(2018·湖北武汉高中毕业生调研测试)Sending gifts varies greatly from country to country. In Australia, Canada, the United States 1.____________European countries, sending gifts is rarely expected. While seen as a nice gesture, it is more important to avoid 2.____________(give) highly personal gifts such as clothing. When visiting the home of a colleague from one of these 3.____________(country), it is normally appropriate to bring a gift to the hostess.
In America, 4.__________(expense) gifts are definitely out. A good 5.____________(choose) is to take the deserving person to dinner, or to 6.____________entertainment or a sporting event. 7.____________the contrary, gift giving is a traditional custom in Japan. In Japan the proper gift is thought 8.____________(express) the giver’s true friendship, gratitude and respect far 9.____________(well) than words can. So if you plan to visit Japan or to have any Japanese visit you here, be prepared.
Australia is known for its friendliness and informality. So modest gifts, such as a diary, a paperweight, or a coffee cup might 10.____________(present) to a friend. At a trade show, Tshirts, ties, baseball caps, or a pin may be appropriate souvenirs. Anything more than these types of gifts could cause embarrassment.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国、日本、澳大利亚等国不同的送礼物习惯。
1．and 解析：考查连词。根据空前的“Australia, Canada, the United States”和空后的“European countries”可知，空处前后为并列关系，故用并列连词and。
2．giving 解析： 考查动名词。avoid doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“避免做某事”，故填giving。
3．countries 解析： 考查名词的数。根据空前的these可知，可数名词country应当用复数形式。
4．expensive 解析： 考查形容词。空处修饰后面的名词gifts，故用形容词形式。
5．choice 解析： 考查名词。根据空前的形容词good和不定冠词A可以判断，空处应用名词的单数形式。
6．an 解析： 考查不定冠词。该处泛指“一次娱乐活动”，entertainment的读音以元音音素开头，故用an。
7．On 解析： 考查固定搭配。on the contrary 为固定搭配，意为“与此相反”。
8．to express 解析： 考查动词不定式。此处表示“在日本，恰当的礼物被认为表达了送礼物者真正的友谊”。be thought to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“被认为做了某事”，故用动词不定式。
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9．better 解析： 考查比较级。根据空后的than可知，该处用well的比较级。
10．be presented 解析： 考查被动语态。该句主语modest gifts和动词present之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。
短文改错
(2018·辽宁五校协作体联合模拟)Challenges of life are of great importance in our grow.They remind me my days in senior high school which I joined in the military training.It was the first time I have lived away from my home，so I found it difficult to fit in.And the training officer was strict in me. I once thought I couldn’t stick to the end.But anyway，I was succeeded.The trials made it much easy for me to adapt to life，but the difficulties I came across have now become a precious memory in my life.In short, learning to regard the challenges of life as the stepping stone to future success and make the best of them.
答案：
Challenges of life are of great importance in our .They remind me my days in senior high school I joined in the military training.It was the first time I lived away from my home，so I found it difficult to fit in. And the training officer was strict me.I once thought I couldn’t stick to the end. But anyway, I succeeded.The trials made it much for me to adapt to life， the difficulties I came across have now become a precious memory in my life.In short， to regard the challenges of life as stepping stone to future success and make the best of them.
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