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阅读理解
(2018·沈阳高三模拟)Wild elephants can tell whether a voice comes from a man，a woman or a boy，a new study says.That’s what researchers found when they played recordings of people for elephants in Kenya.Scientists say this is an advanced thinking skill that other animals haven’t shown.It lets elephants figure out who is a threat and who isn’t.The result shows that the clever animals are also studying people，said study author Karen McComb.
“Basically，they have developed this very rich knowledge of the humans that they share their habitat with，”said McComb，a professor at the University of Sussex in England.“Memory is key.They must build up that knowledge somehow.”
The study was released on Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
It’s close to but not quite like the Dr.Seuss book，where the elephant Horton hears something that others can’t hear.
McComb and colleagues went to Amboseli National Park in Kenya，where hundreds of wild elephants live among humans，sometimes coming in conflict over scarce water.The scientists used voice recordings of Maasai men，who on occasion kill elephants，and Kamba men，who are less of a threat to the elephants.
As a result，the elephants reacted more defensively—retreating and gathering in a bunch—to the Maasai language recording because it was associated with the more threatening human tribe，said study co－author Graeme Shannon.
They repeated the experiment with recordings of Maasai men and women.Since women almost never spear elephants，the animals reacted less defensively to the women’s voices.The same thing happened when they substituted young boys’ voices.“Making this kind of fine distinctions in human voice patterns is quite remarkable，”said Emory University animal cognition expert Frans de Waal，who was not part of the study.
【解题导语】 研究表明野生大象能够识别男、女和男孩的声音，它们通过思维区分声音并判断谁能对他们产生威胁。
1．Who were the people taking part in the study?
A．Frans de Waal and Karen McComb.
B．Dr.Seuss and Graeme Shannon.
C．Graeme Shannon and Frans de Waal.
D．Karen McComb and Graeme Shannon.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“study author Karen McComb”和第六段中的“study co－author Graeme Shannon”可知，Karen McComb和Graeme
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Shannon都参加了研究，故选D项。
2．What can wild elephants benefit from their special ability?
A．Identifying and avoiding possible danger.
B．Growing much faster than any other animals.
C．Having a better understanding of humans.
D．Developing their language skills.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Scientists say this is an advanced thinking skill that other animals haven’t shown.It lets elephants figure out who is a threat and who isn’t”可知，这种高等的思维方式使野象能够分辨出谁能对它们造成威胁，这样它们可以避免可能的危险，故A项是正确的。
3．Which can replace the underlined word “substituted”in the last paragraph?
A．Distinguished. B．Repeated.
C．Used. D．Compared.
C 解析：词义猜测题。画线词所在句中的“The same thing happened”指的是前一句中的“the animals reacted less defensively”，画线词所在句讲的是野象对年轻男孩的声音做出的反应，说明当时研究者在对野象播放年轻男孩的声音，故选C项。
4．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．Wild elephants can distinguish human languages.
B．The conflict between humans and wild elephants is growing.
C．Wild elephants use language skills to make discrimination.
D．Wild elephants can build up good memory and learn tricks.
A 解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第一句“Wild elephants can tell whether a voice comes from a man，a woman or a boy”和全文内容可知，野象能够通过人的声音区分不同人类群体的性别和年龄，故选A项(野象能够区分人类的语言)。
七选五
(2018·云南高三八校跨区调研考试)
Ways to Stop Doubting Yourself
What if I don’t pass this test? Are my friends just hanging out with me because they feel bad for me? 1.________ Stop! The selfdoubt stops right here. Here are some ways to beat negative selftalk and start believing in yourself.
·Be Aware.
The first step towards overcoming anything is to become aware of it. By becoming aware that we are doubting ourselves, we can sooner confirm it and put a stop to it. As we realize our selfdoubt, we will get quicker at confirming and stopping it. See? 2.________
·Take a Break.
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Sometimes it is our mind that goes against us. Whenever you find yourself having doubts, take a break. 3.________ Ask yourself what made you get into this goal. It will get you to realize why you started it in the first place.
·4.________
Too often we determine how we feel about ourselves according to what other people feel about us. Our selfworth is just dependent upon what we think of ourselves. So we must break free of the chains that tell us our selfworth is recognized by other people.
·Find Support.
5．________ Find support through friends and read other inspirational websites. Sometimes we all need to hear something that will get us moving again. We just need to reach out to others who understand us.
A．Take It Slow.
B．Free Yourself.
C．Give yourself time to think.
D．It’s not always easy doing things alone.
E．This is already a step in the right direction.
F．What if I never figure out my life’s purpose?
G．Because once you give up, no one can help you.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了停止怀疑自己的几种方法。
1．F 解析：空前面是两个问句，后面是“Stop！”，所以本空也需要填一个问句，故选F项。
2．E 解析：由空前的“当我们意识到自我怀疑时，我们可以及时确认并且及时制止。”可知，此处表示这已经是朝着正确方向前进的一步了，所以选E项。
3．C 解析：根据前一句“Whenever you find yourself having doubts，take a break.”即“无论你什么时候发现自己有疑问，休息一下”，可知空处应是“给自己思考的时间”，故选C项。
4．B 解析：本段的最后一句说明应该“解脱自己”，所以选B项。
5．D 解析：根据“Find support through friends and read other inspirational websites.”可知，空处应是“独自做一些事情是不容易的”，所以选D项。
语法填空
(2018·郑州质量预测)Being raised in a family of teachers, I 1.____________(get) plenty of chances to connect myself with literature since a young age. So I have many stories about me and reading.
It was my father who took me on the road to reading and made me appreciate 2.____________(it) beauty. When I was a little girl, he bought me a book 3.____________(name) Romance of the Three Kingdoms.I was too young to read this difficult work, so my father
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explained it to me 4.____________(patient). From then on, I started to enjoy reading books.
When I became a middle school student, I began to read some simplified English classics on my own. Sometimes, I would write down my thoughts and 5.____________(feel) and share them with my father. Among all the books that I read during my middle school years, Jane Eyre left the 6.____________(deep) impression on me. I was having some difficulties with my studies at that time, 7.____________ Jane Eyre’s persistence(坚持) and courage inspired me a lot. Thanks to my reading habit, I managed 8.____________(overcome) the difficulties of my studies.
Now, I’m a senior high school student and very busy with my studies. But I still keep on reading in my spare time. My mother told me that I should be absorbed 9.____________my studies, but in my point of view, I regard reading as an oasis(绿洲) that can make me relax.
Recently, I thought about the benefits 10.____________reading could bring us. Reading can clear our minds and motivate us. In addition, we may broaden our horizons and gain more knowledge through reading. I hope that my story can inspire you to start your own reading adventure.
【解题导语】 本文主要讲述了作者和阅读之间的故事，鼓励大家多读书。
1．have got/gotten 解析：考查动词时态。since意为“自从”时，主句一般用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。
2．its 解析：考查代词。修饰名词一般用形容词，故用形容词性物主代词its 修饰名词 beauty, 作定语。
3．named 解析：考查非谓语动词。name 和句子谓语 bought 之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词，且和其逻辑主语 a book 构成动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。
4．patiently 解析：考查副词。副词修饰形容词、副词、动词甚至整个句子，作状语。故用副词 patiently 修饰动词 explained。
5．feelings 解析：考查词性转换。根据 and 可知，此处和thoughts 并列，故用feel的名词的复数形式feelings。
6．deepest 解析：考查形容词的最高级。与 Among all the books 和定冠词 the 呼应，此处用形容词的最高级形式，修饰名词 impression。
7．but 解析：考查连词。根据语境可知，上下文表示逻辑上的转折关系，故用连词 but。
8．to overcome 解析：考查非谓语动词。固定搭配 manage to do sth. 意为“设法完成某事”，故用不定式作宾语。
9．in 解析：考查介词。固定搭配 be absorbed in sth. 意为“专注于某事”，故用介词in。
10．that/which 解析：考查定语从句。that/which 引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语，该从句修饰先行词 the benefits。
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短文改错
(2018·烟台诊断)Li Ming is a friend of mine.I’m glad he changed greatly in the past two years.I clearly remember he was quite fat two years before.He got tired so easy that he couldn’t take exercise, that made him very upset.Later, he realized unless he went on like that, he would end up achieve nothing.So he made up his minds to make a change.He went running every morning and played the basketball every afternoon.Besides, he followed a diet of more vegetables or less meat.Gradually he began to lose weight.He is now an energetic boy in good health.So when faced with problems, we should overcome it with great determination and strong willpower.
答案：
Li Ming is a friend of mine.I’m glad he changed greatly in the past two years.I clearly remember he was quite fat two years .He got tired so that he couldn’t take exercise, made him very upset.Later, he realized he went on like that, he would end up nothing.So he made up his to make a change.He went running every morning and played basketball every afternoon.Besides, he followed a diet of more vegetables less meat.Gradually he began to lose weight.He is now an energetic boy in good health.So when faced with problems, we should overcome with great determination and strong willpower.
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