此卷只装订不密封
班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号
2018-2019学年高二下学期训练卷
选修八 Unit2 Cloning
英 语 （一）
注意事项：
1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
一、阅读理解(共8小题，每小题2分，共16分）
A
Think about the longest elevator ride that you’ve ever taken. Whether you rose five floors or 100, it probably took less than a few minutes. Now imagine riding in an elevator higher and higher as it climbs for nearly a day. When you reach the top floor, prepare for views that are really out of this world. You’ll be in space!
Space elevators might sound like a crazy idea, but they’re something scientists have been working on for decades.
Why would anyone want a space elevator? At the moment, riding in a capsule is the only way ordinary people can get to and from space. But those rides are very expensive — about $25 million per person per flight.
Researchers are still figuring out the details about how a space elevator might work. One idea is stretching a very long cable — more than 37,000 kilometers — up to space from the earth’s equator (赤道). The location is important: Objects in space above the equator orbit the earth at the same speed that our planet turns. A weight on the end of the cable would stretch it tight. An elevator tied to the cable could use it to climb up and down.
The only problem is that besides being long, this cable must also be very strong. Storms, including hurricanes might break it. One way to solve this problem is to stretch the cable from the moon instead of from the earth. Airplanes designed to climb higher than a typical jet might take off from the earth and link up with the cable, which would be held in place by the pull of gravity from the earth. An elevator car waiting there would then take riders the rest of the way to the moon. Fueled by solar power, the elevator could transport people and materials without much expense or effort per ride.
So, when will you be taking your first spaceelevator ride? Probably not for a while.
1. The first paragraph is presented by________.
A. giving an example
B. making a comparison
C. asking questions
D. analyzing causes
2. Why have scientists been working on space elevators?
A. To make trips to space cheaper.
B. To help astronauts do research in space.
C. To find a more convenient way to the moon.
D. To prove an assumption which seems crazy.
3. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refers to ________.
A. the cable
B. the equator
C. an object in space
D. a weight on the end of the cable
4. Which part of a magazine may the article appear in?
A. Science and technology. B. Sports. C. Literature. D. Entertainment.
B
Within five years, a woolly mammoth (猛犸象)will likely be cloned, according to scientists who have just recovered wellpreserved bone marrow (骨髓) in a mammoth bone.
Russian scientist Siemyon Grigoriev and his colleagues are now analyzing the marrow, which they obtained from the mammoth, found in Siberian soil. Grigoriev and his team, along with colleagues from Japan, have announced that they will start a joint research project aimed at recreating the enormous mammal, which went extinct around 10,000 years ago. Mammoths used to be a common sight in North America and Eurasia. Many of our distant ancestors probably had regular facetoface encounters with the elephantlike giants.
The key to cloning the woolly mammoth is to replace the nuclei of egg cells from an elephant with those extracted from the mammoth’s cells. Doing this, according to the researchers, can result in embryos with the mammoth’s DNA. That has actually been known for a while.
What have been missing are the woolly mammoth’s nuclei with undamaged genes. Scientists have been on a search for such nuclei since the late 1990s. Now it sounds like the missing genes may have been found.
In the course, global warming may be responsible for the breakthrough. Warmer temperatures tied to global warming have melted ground in eastern Russia that is almost always permanently frozen. As a result, researchers have found a fair number of wellpreserved frozen mammoths there, including the one that produced the bone marrow.
Is it such a good idea, however, to clone animals that have long been extinct? For a while there has been some discussion of a reallife Jurassic Park setup containing such animals. Introducing these beasts into existing ecosystems could be like bringing in a potentially invasive species that would try to fill some space presently held by other animals. Even if the cloned animals were contained in special parks, there could still be a risk of spreading.
So if the woolly mammoth is successfully cloned sooner rather than later, we’d probably be left with more questions and arguments than answers, at least in the short term.
5. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. How to clone a woolly mammoth
B. The woolly mammoth — an ancient species
C. The research made by Russian and Japanese scientists
D. A woolly mammoth to be cloned
6. Which of the following can be the key factor in cloning a mammoth?
A. To find a living mammoth in North America or Eurasia.
B. To use nuclei from a mammoth’s egg cells to replace the nuclei in an elephant’s egg cells.
C. To find out when and where woolly mammoths lived on the earth.
D. To find out if ancient mammoths are distant ancestors of today’s elephants.
7. Which of the following best describes the writer’s attitude towards the future of cloning a mammoth?
A. Uncertain. B. Indifferent. C. Positive. D. Disappointed.
8. From the passage, we can learn that ________.
A. some other extinct species have been cloned successfully
B. the mammoth used to be a very common species
C. the clone of mammoths should be banned by law
D. a woolly mammoth will be successfully cloned this year
二、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
Cloning has always been with us and is here to stay. It is a way of making ____1____ exact copy of another animal or plant. Cloning plants is straightforward while cloning animals is very complicated. The process of cloning is a difficult task ____2____(undertake). Many attempts to clone mammals failed. But finally the determination and patience of the scientists paid ____3____ in 1996 with a breakthrough-the cloning of Dolly the sheep.
At first the fact ____4____ she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging. Then came the ____5____(disturb) news that Dolly had become seriously ill, which made cloning scientists cast down. Meanwhile, Dolly’s appearance raised a storm of ____6____(object) and had a great impact on the media and public imagination. ____7____(apparent) it became controversial. Although at present human egg cells and embryos ____8____(need)for cloning research are hard to obtain, newspapers wrote of evil leaders ____9____(hope) to clone themselves to attain their ambitions. Religious leaders also raised moral questions. Some countries reformed their legal systems and ____10____(forbid) research into human cloning, but others like China and the UK, continued to accumulate evidence of the abundant medical aid that cloning could provide.
三、短文改错(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧), 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除: 把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改: 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear Sir,
I’m writing to offer some advices on our winter travel. In my opinion, a one-week trip to a countryside can’t be good. The fresh air and various activities will guarantee us a healthy life here.
We may go by bike to enjoy the landscape. During the trip, we can arrange some activities, from what we will benefit a lot, such as playing snowballs, building a snowman, going skating and climb a mountain. We can even invite the local students join us, not only to improve their English but also to deepen their understanding of the countryside. I am confident to establish friendship and harvest happy from this trip.
I would appreciate it that if you could take my plan into consideration.
四、七选五（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
How to improve your sleep cycle
Try to sleep at the same time every day
Your body’s internal clock will become accustomed to going to sleep and waking up at the same time every day. Going to sleep at 10 pm and waking up at 6 am is a good method of getting enough sleep. ___1___
Get the right mattress（床垫）
Having the right bed and mattress is very important for getting a good sleep. Having an uncomfortable place to sleep at will cause you to wake up during the night. This will have a negative effect on your sleep cycle. ___2___ These beds can be customized for what you need.
___3___
In the modem age, it is too easy to get distracted by technology. Many people have television in their bedrooms and use their smart phones when they should be sleeping. If someone previously has difficulty in getting to sleep, it is likely that he will give up and
watch a show instead. He tells himself that it will help him to get to sleep. ___4___
Exercise regularly
___5___ The afternoon or the evening is a pretty popular time for people to work out. It can sometimes be difficult if you have a full-time job, but things can usually be rearranged a bit.
A. Get rid of distractions
B. Improve your sleep habit
C. Actually, the opposite of this is true.
D. Sleep can make them happy and watching am help sleep.
E. Adjustable beds are something that you could consider.
F. Having a regular exercise pattern will improve the quality of sleep that you get.
G. Waking when the sun rises should leave you feeling nice and refreshed for the day ahead of you.
五、书面表达（共25分）
假定你是高二1班的李华，你的朋友美国学生Chris给你发邮件说他对中国的太极拳很感兴趣，想学习，请你给些建议。请根据以下要点给他写回信。
内容包括：1. 简单介绍太极拳。例如：是中国传统武术的一种；大约400年历史；全球有3亿太极拳练习者，等等。2. 给Chris几条有关学习太极拳的建议。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
可能用到的词汇：Tai Chi太极拳；martial art武术
Dear Chris,
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
2018-2019学年高二下学期训练卷
选修八 Unit2 Cloning
英 语 （一）答 案
一、阅读理解
1. B 2. A 3. A 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. A 8. B
二、语法填空
1. an 2. to undertake 3. off 4. that 5. disturbing
6. objections 7. Apparently 8. needed 9. hoping 10. Forbade
三、短文改错
1. advice 2. a－the 3. good－better 4. here－there 5. what－which
6. climbing 7. join前加to 8. their－our 9. happy－happiness 10. 去 that
四、七选五
1-5. GEACF
五、作文
Dear Chris,
I am very glad to know that you are willing to learn Tai Chi, which is a kind of traditional Chinese martial art with a history of about 400 years. There are about 0.3 billion players throughout the world.
By practicing Tai Chi, not only can you build up your body, but also you can release your stress. Before you start, first, get an experienced coach who can teach you standard movements. Second, do warm-up exercise before practicing, regulate your breath and focus on what you are doing. Lastly, be sure to practice it every day and don’t give up halfway.
I am sure you will make great progress if you keep on doing it.
Yours,
Li Hua
微信/支付宝扫码支付