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班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号
2018-2019学年高二下学期训练卷
选修八 Unit2 Cloning
英 语 （二）
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一、阅读理解(共8小题，每小题2分，共16分）
A
Researchers have developed new software using smartphones’ GPS and imaging abilities that determine the exact location of distant objects as well as monitor the speed and direction of moving objects. The software could eventually allow smartphonearmed soldiers to target the location of their enemies. On the home front, the software could be used by everyone, including golfers judging distance to the green and biologists documenting the location of a rare animal without disturbing it.
“The great advantage of a smartphone is that it provides so many tools in a single, readily available, relatively inexpensive package，” said Wang Qia, a doctoral student who led the development of the software. “For example, on the battlefield, a soldier needs a rangefinder, compass, GPS and other tools to get information before calling in an air strike. With our software, the soldier can have all those instruments in one device that can be purchased off the shelf. When that soldier returns from war, she can use the same software to protect her family by clocking a speeder near her children’s school and catching the criminal on video.
Wang and his colleagues developed their software to locate and track:
Targets of known size — when the size of the target is known, a single image is enough to pinpoint the target’s location.
Targets of unknown size — if the exact size of a target is unknown, the software uses two images to triangulate the location of the target.
Moving targets — by taking a short video of a moving target, the smartphone software can calculate how fast the target is moving and in what direction it is going.
“Currently, our software is limited by the physical abilities of smartphone hardware, but the devices are improving rapidly，” Wang said. “We expect that improvements in GPS accuracy, battery life and camera resolution will allow our software to make even more accurate observations.”
1. From Paragraph 1 we can know that the new software can ________.
A. determine the speed of moving objects
B. locate objects in the distance exactly
C. defend soldiers against their enemies
D. help biologists protect rare animals
2. How does the software calculate the speed of a moving object?
A. By taking a short video.
B. By locating its position.
C. By taking a single image.
D. By measuring its reallife size.
3. What’s Wang Qia’s attitude towards the future of the software?
A. Casual. B. Optimistic.
C. Cautious. D. Flexible.
4. What is the best title of the text?
A. Wang Qia, a Talented Doctoral Student
B. Use Smartphones to Their Full Potential
C. Targeting and Tracking with Smartphones
D. Smartphone — Armed Soldiers on the Battlefield
B
An extinct mountain goat that was once common in the Pyrenees became the first animal to be brought back from extinction. Researchers used frozen DNA to produce a clone，but the newborn kid died within minutes of birth due to breathing difficulties.
The Pyrenean ibex is a type of mountain goat，which is believed to have died out completely in 2000.Before the death of the last known individual (a 13yearold female known as Celia)，biologists took cells from her skin and ears，which were frozen in liquid nitrogen (氮)．An earlier cloning attempt to use the skin cells failed. But the latest attempt involved the creation of 439 cloned embryos (胚胎)．Of these cloned embryos,57 were put into the female domestic goats，but only one goat gave birth and the newborn cloned kid died after seven minutes as a result of lung disease.
Researchers say that other cloned animals，including sheep，have been born with similar lung disease，but they say that overall the experiment was a major step forward in the effort to bring the ibex back to its mountain home. The leading researcher Jose Folch says，“The cloned kid was genetically like the ibex. In species such as the ibex，cloning is the only possibility to avoid its complete disappearance.”
The failure to produce a living clone from DNA that was frozen only fifteen years ago shows the difficulty researchers would face in trying to bring back species that have been extinct for decades or centuries. Researchers have had the idea of bringing back the Tasmanian tiger, which went extinct in 1936. There are，however, other species that have been seriously suggested for cloning, such as the giant panda, the African bongo antelope, the Sumatran tiger and the pygmy hippo. Supporters believe cloning provides hope of keeping these endangered animals alive before they die out.
5. What do we know about the cloned ibex?
A. It died of lung disease.
B. It was the first cloned animal in the world.
C. It lived for thirteen years.
D. It was born in 2000.
6. We can conclude from the passage that ________.
A. cloning has developed quickly in developed countries
B. no more animals will die out in the future
C. cloning makes it possible to preserve endangered species
D. cloning seldom results in physical problems for animals
7. What’s the best title for this passage?
A. Great advancement in cloning goats
B. Difficulties in saving extinct animals
C. Public concerns about cloning
D. Cloning brought back an extinct species for a while
8. In which part of a newspaper would you most probably read this passage?
A. Society. B. Sports. C. Amusement. D. Science.
二、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country ____1____（grow）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ____2____ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
A taste for meat is ____3____ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice ____4____ (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water ____5____ rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased ____6____ (pollute) in the country's major lakes and
reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total ____7____ (globe) fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government ____8____ (start) a soil-testing program ____9____ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers---and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while ____10____ (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.
三、七选五 （共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
The color of animals is by no means a matter of chance; it depends on many considerations, but in the majority of cases tends to protect the animals from danger by making it less outstanding. Perhaps, it may be said that if coloring is mainly protective, there ought to be fewer brightly colored animals. ____1____. The kingfisher itself, though so brightly colored, is not easy to see.
___2___. Thus, for instance, the lion, and the wild donkey are all sand—colored. “Indeed, in the desert, neither trees, brushwood, nor even undulation (起伏) of the surface afford the slightest protection to its enemies.____3____.” says an expert.
The next point is the color of the mature caterpillars(毛虫), some of which are brown. This probably makes the caterpillar even more outstanding among the green leaves. What would you do if you were a big caterpillar? Why, like most other defenceless creatures, you would feed by night, and lie hidden by day. ____4____. When the morning light comes, they go down the stem of the food plant, and hide among dry sticks and leaves around the ground, and it is obvious that under such circumstances the brown color really becomes a protection. While we may say as a general rule that the large caterpillars feed by night and hide by day, it is by no means always the case that they are brown: some of them still remain green.____5____, and that the brown color is a later adaptation.
A. So do these caterpillars
B. Therefore, the color of the animals is bright
C. We can say that they formed a good habit
D. Desert animals are generally the color of the desert
E. We may conclude that the habit of hiding themselves by day comes first
F. However, there are some cases where vivid colors are themselves protective
G. So the color of birds, snakes and even smaller animals, is of one uniform sand color
四、短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
We are going to organizing a bicycle trip to our school farm this Sunday. It lie in the western suburb, covering an area of about 50 acres. There are different kinds of cattle raised and variety vegetables planted. The products are provided to a school canteen, where we can enjoy a healthy diet happy. On the farm you can combine that you have learned with practice to the fullest.
You expected to arrive at there at about 9 o’clock. Remember: follows the workers and don’t try to do anything strange to interest the animals or do damage to the plants during my visit.
五、书面表达（共25分）
2022年北京-张家口冬奥会将如期在北京和张家口举行。为了确保冬奥会圆满成功，组委会发起了志愿者招募活动。假如你是学生李华，希望能成为其中一员。请按要求用英文给组委会写一封申请信，内容包括：
1. 个人情况；
2. 自身优势；
3. 服务承诺。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
参考词汇：2022北京-张家口冬奥会 2022 Beijing-Zhangjiakou Winter Olympic Games
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2018-2019学年高二下学期训练卷
选修八 Unit2 Cloning
英 语 （二）答 案
一、阅读理解
1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. D
二、语法填空
1.has grown 2. the 3. actually 4. to improve 5. than
6. pollution 7. global 8. started 9. that/which 10. feeding
三、七选五
1-5. FDGAE
四、短文改错
第一句 organizing改成 organize 第二句 lie改成lies
第三句 variety改成various 第四句 a改成 the；happy改成 happily
第五句 that改成 what 第六句 You后面加上are；删除第一个at
第七句 follows改成follow；my改成your
五、作文
Dear Sir/Madam,
My name is Li Hua. I would like to work as a volunteer for 2022 Beijing-Zhangjiakou Winter Olympic Games.
I’m a boy of eighteen years old from a high school. My spoken English is good and I can communicate with foreigners fluently. What’s more, I have other advantages – I’m especially fond of sports, familiar with Beijing, good at communication and always glad to help others. I’m willing to provide the best service for every athlete in Winter Olympic Games. Therefore, I think I’m suitable for serving the Games.
I would appreciate it if you could offer me the chance to be a volunteer.
Thank you!
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
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