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班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号
2018-2019学年高二下学期训练卷
选修八 Unit3 Inventors and inventions
英 语 （一）
注意事项：
1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
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4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
一、阅读理解(共8小题，每小题2分，共16分）
A
“Get your hands off me; I have been stolen,” the laptop, a portable computer, shouted. That is a new solution to laptop computer theft: a program that lets owners give their property a voice when it has been taken.
The program allows users to display alerts on the missing computer’s screen and even to set a spoken message. Tracking software for stolen laptops has been on the market for some time, but this is thought to be the first that allows owners to give the thief a piece of their mind.
Owners must report their laptop missing by logging on to a website, which sends a message to the model: a red and yellow “lost or stolen” banner pops up on its screen when it is started. Under the latest version of the software, users can also send a spoken message.
The message can be set to reappear every 30 seconds, no matter how many times the thief closes it. “One customer sent a message saying, ‘You are being tracked. I am right at your door’, said Carrie Hafeman, chief executive of the company which produces the program, Retriever.
In the latest version, people can add a spoken message. For example, the laptop’s speaker will say: “Help, this laptop is reported lost or stolen. If you are not my owner, please report me now.”
The Retriever software package, which costs $29.95 but has a free trial period, has the functions of many security software programs. Owners can remotely switch to an alternative password if they fear that the thief has also got hold of the access details.
If a thief accesses the Internet with the stolen laptop, Retriever will collect information on the Internet service provider in use, so that the police can be alerted to its location.
Thousands of laptops are stolen every year from homes and offices, but with the use of laptops increasing, the number stolen while their owners are out and about has been rising sharply.
Other security software allows users to erase data remotely or lock down the computer.
1. The expression “to give the thief a piece of mind” can be understood as“___ ”.
A. to give the thief an alert mind
B. to express owners’ anger to the thief
C. to remind the thief of his conscience
D. to make the thief give up his mind
2. Different from other security software, Retriever can .
A. record the stealing process
B. help recognize the lost laptop
C. lock down the computer remotely
D. send a spoken message
3. One function of the program is that it allows the owner to at a distance.
A. change some access details for switching on the laptop
B. turn on the laptop by using the original password
C. operate the laptop by means of an alternative password
D. erase the information kept in the stolen laptop
4. Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of the passage?
A. With no Retriever, thousands of laptops are stolen every year.
B. A new software provides a means to reduce laptop theft.
C. Retriever has helped to find thieves and lost computers.
D. A new program offers a communication platform with the thief.
B
Here’s a simple challenge: name a famous inventor. Perhaps Leonardo da Vinci springs to mind. Or the pioneer of the telephone, Alexander Graham Bell. But you might be hard-pressed to name many female inventors, even though women are behind some of the most widely used technologies in the modern world.
For example, where would we be without the windscreen wiper? Back on a freezing winter’s day in 1902, Mary Anderson was traveling by tram through New York city. Snow was falling, forcing the driver to stop repeatedly and get out to clear it. Each time the door opened, Mary suffered. She had a brainwave: why not make something that could be operated from inside the vehicle? And that’s exactly what she did.
Let’s step in from freezing New York for our next invention. The dishwasher dates back even earlier to the 19th Century, and to the dinner parties thrown by a lady called Josephine Cochrane. As a frequent host, she wanted a machine that could wash dishes faster than people. Her response was to develop what was to become the first commercially successful dishwasher.
Need something to do while the dishwasher is on? How about a round of Monopoly（强手棋游戏）? One of the most popular board games around, the rules were first drawn up by a lady called Elizabeth Magie, and patented in 1904.
To an altogether different kind of innovation: Kevlar is the lightweight fibre used in bulletproof（防弹）vests. The material is used by millions every day and has saved countless lives and is strength-lo-weight ratio is five times higher than steel.
Finally, one of the most important inventions of the 20th Century must surely be the computer programme. The world of programming is unbalanced among men and women, with men taking home around 30% more pay than their female partners on average. But back in the 1940s and 50s, women were at the forefront of this new field and Grace Hopper was one of them.
5. What do we know about the inventions mentioned in the text?
A. They were mostly made in the 20th century.
B. They all used high technology.
C. Their inventors came from families of good education.
D. They were all made by accident.
6. Why did Mary Anderson invent windscreen wiper?
A. The winter was extremely cold there.
B. She was forced to clear the snow by others.
C. The car she drove made her suffer a great deal.
D. She was sick of the driver getting out to clear the window.
7. Which of the following statements is WRONG according to the text?
A. Josephine Cochrane wanted a machine that operated automatically.
B. The game invented by Magie was popular merely among teenagers.
C. Kevlar is the super tough fibre and stronger than steel.
D. Grace Hopper was good at computer programming.
8. What is the best title of this passage?
A. Women can be Great Inventors
B. The Most Useful Inventions by Women
C. The Most Widely Used Technologies
D. Women Made Greater Contributions than Men
二、七选五(共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
While everyone overthinks situations once in a while, some people are troubled by thinking all the time. Over-thinkers rethink conversations they had yesterday, second-guess every decision they make, and imagine disastrous outcomes all day. Their minds are like a movie where they imagine their car going off the road or they replay distressing events over and over again. ___1___
Keep the focus on problem-solving
Keeping the focus on your problems isn’t helpful, but looking for solutions is. If it’s something you have some control over, consider how you can prevent the problem or challenge yourself to identify five potential solutions.
If it’s something you have no control over—like a natural disaster—think about the strategies you can use to cope with it. ___2___
Schedule time for reflection
Worrying about your problems for long periods of time isn’t productive, but brief reflection can be helpful. Thinking about how you could do things differently or recognizing potential traps to your plan, could help you perform better in the future.
Add 15 minutes of “thinking time” into your daily schedule. During that time let yourself worry, or think about whatever you want. ___3___
Learning mindfulness skills
It’s impossible to rehash（反复推敲）yesterday or worry about tomorrow when you’re living in the present. Mindfulness will help you become more aware of the here and now.
___4___ There are classes, books, apps, courses, and videos available to help you learn mindfulness skills.
___5___
Do this in your brain by changing your activity. Exercise, engage yourself in a conversation on a completely different subject, or work on a project that draws away your attention. Doing something different will put an end to the negative thoughts.
A. Change your attitude
B. Change the channel
C. When your time is up, move onto something else.
D. Just like any other skill, mindfulness takes practice, but over time, it can decrease overthinking.
E. Overthinking can become such a habit that you don't even recognize when you’re doing it.
F. There are four tips that can help you stop overthinking.
G. Focus on the things you can control, like your attitude and effort.
三、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
China has once again showed its ability to change the world with its “new four great ____1____(invent)”—high-speed rail, electronic payment, shared bicycle, and online shopping.
China’s new-generation high-speed train, the Fuxing, is now one of the ____2____(fast) trains in the world, which can travel at a speed of 350 km/h. Besides high-speed rail, China ____3____(improve) people’s lives in many other innovative(创新的) ways over the last decade.
Bike sharing, for example, is not new itself. But China has made ____4____ much more convenient and popular both in China ____5____ overseas. When riding a shared bike, you can stop ____6____(buy) and eat whatever you want ____7____(simple) with a tap of your phone. You can easily pay with your smart phone
by ____8____(scan) the seller’s QR code. Cashless payment has grown into a ____9____(choose) for Chinese people—even a pancake seller is using Alipay.
Besides, the four innovative ways of life are most appealing ____10____ youths from 20 countries participating in the Belt and Road innovation, and they wish their countries would emulate (效仿) China in terms of technological achievements.
四、短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧), 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除: 把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改: 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。
China has been known many inventions, including the chopsticks we use in your daily life. Although chopsticks seemed strange to use with only two sticks, they have various function like picking, moving, mixing and cutting the food while having meals. Besides, it is convenience for people to use chopsticks, which price is low as well.
Our chopsticks spread from China to another Asian countries. Wherever we are, we can see our chopsticks using widely. Therefore, Chinese people will have the feelings that they return back to the motherland. Chopsticks look small, and they are loved by many people in the world.
五、书面表达（共25分）
假设你是李津。你的美国笔友 Tom 对中国文化有浓厚的兴趣。恰好你校今年暑假将为外国学生举办一场汉语夏令营活动(Chinese Summer Camp)，请你给他发一封电子邮件，告知相关情况如下：
（1）时间和地点；
（2）内容：学习日常汉语、了解中国历史和传统文化、参观博物馆等；
（3）报名方式和截止时间。
注意：
（1）词数不少于 100；
（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；
（3）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Tom,
Here comes a good piece of news.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Jin
2018-2019学年高二下学期训练卷
选修八 Unit3 Inventors and inventions
英 语 （一）答案
一、阅读理解
1. B 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. D 7. B 8. A
二、七选五
1. F 2. G 3. C 4. D 5. B
三、语法填空
1. inventions 2. fastest 3. has improved 4. it 5. and
6. to buy 7. simply 8. scanning 9. choice 10. To
四、短文改错
1.第一句 known后加for
2.第一句your---our
3.第二句seemed---seem
4.第二句function---functions
5.第三句convenience---convenient
6.第三句which---whose
7.第四句another---other
8.第五句using---used
9.第六句去掉back
10.第七句and---but
五、作文
Dear Tom,
Here comes a piece of good news. Chinese Summer Camp, which is intended for international students, is going to be held in our school this summer vacation. Since you're obsessed with Chinese culture, I’d like to invite you to join it.
The camp is scheduled to last 11 days, from July 18th to July 28th. It covers a wide variety of cultural activities, ranging from studying Chinese daily expressions to attending some lectures on Chinese history and tradition culture. As we all know, language is closely related to culture, so I'm convinced that you can dig out Chinese cultural features from language study. In addition, the Camp provides a chance for you to visit some famous museums, which is the best way to learn about the country. By admiring the historical relics, you will definitely gain a better understanding of the country.
If you want to be part of it, please sign up for it before July 2nd at our school website. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
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