Unit 2
Travelling
1.have/has gone to
和
have/has been to
的用法。
( 1 )have/has gone to
意为
“
到某地去
”,
说话时该人不在现场
,
一般不用第一、二人称作句子的主语。例如
:
—Where is Jim?
吉姆在哪里
?
—He has gone to England.
他去英国了。
(
尚未回来
)
( 2 )have/has been to
意为
“
曾经去过某地
”,
现在已不在那里了
,
后可接次数
,
如
once,twice,three times
等
,
表示
“
去过某地几次
”,
也可和
just,never,ever
等连用。例如
:
My father has been to Beijing twice.
我父亲去过北京两次。
此外
,have/has been in
表示
“
在某地待了多长时间
”,
常与表示时间段的状语连用。例如
:
I have been in Shanghai for three years.
我到上海已有三年了。
2.
延续性动词和非延续性动词。
英语中的动词按照
“
能否延续
”
的意义可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词两类。
( 1 )
延续性动词
:
表示能够延续下去的动作或状态
,
如
be,have,work,study,learn,teach,play,live,stay,walk,run,stand,keep,feel,know
等。延续性动词不能和表示
“
时间点
”
的时间状语连用。例如
:
昨天上午
8
点下雨了。
It rained at eight yesterday morning.( × )
It began to rain at eight yesterday morning.(
√
)
( 2 )
非延续性动词
:
表示不能延续的动作
,
动作发生后就结束
,
如
come,leave,lose,begin,arrive,become,die,turn,change,end,get,receive,reach,open,fall,close
等。非延续性动词一般不可与表示一段时间的状语连用。例如
:
他死了三年了。
He has died for three years.( × )
He has been dead for three years.(
√
)
He died three years ago.(
√
)
( 3 )
只能与延续性动词连用的时间状语。
①
“for+
时间段
”
引导的表示一段时间的状语
,
如
for two days,for a minute
等。例如
:
I
’
ve been here for over two years.
我在这里待了两年多了。
②
“since+
时间点
”
引导的表示一段时间的状语
,
如
since she came here,since 2008
等。例如
:
He has worked there since it opened in 2010.
他自从
2010
年工厂开办以来
,
一直在那里工作。
③
表示包括现在时间在内的一段时间的状语
,
如
these days,all one
’
s life,so far,all day,for/in the past/last few years
等。例如
:
I
’
ve lived there all my life.
我一生都住在那儿。
Ⅰ
.
用
have/has
gone
或
have/has
been
完成句子
1.My father
has gone
to Beijing.He will be back in two days.
2.The Greens
have been
to the USA twice.
3.—Where are your parents now?I haven
’
t seen them for a long time.
—They
have gone
to Xiamen.
4.Millie
has been
to many places of interest in our city.
Ⅱ
.
同义句转换
,
每空一词
1.They got married three years ago.
They
have
been
married for three years.
2.I borrowed that book last week.
I
have
kept
that book since last week.
3.Simon fell ill last month.
Simon
has
been
ill since last month.
4.She joined the Reading Club last term.
She
has
been
in
the Reading Club since last term.
Ⅲ
.
单项填空
(
C
)1.—Where
’
s our manager?
—He
to Changsha.
A.have been B.has been
C.has gone D.have gone
(
A
)2.A number of tourists
Yuxi many times because it
’
s such a beautiful city.
A.have been to B.has been to
C.has gone to D.have gone to
(
B
)3.Daniel
school two years ago and he
for two years.
A.leaves;has gone
B.left;has been away
C.leaves;has been away
D.left;has gone
(
A
)4.—How long have you
here?
—For two days.I
here the day before yesterday.
A.been;came B.come;came
C.came;came D.come;come
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