Unit 2 Travelling
单元语法专练
现在完成时(二)
1.have/has gone to和have/has been to的用法。
(1)have/has gone to意为“到某地去”,说话时该人不在现场,一般不用第一、二人称作句子的主语。例如:
—Where is Jim?吉姆在哪里?
—He has gone to England.他去英国了。(尚未回来)
(2)have/has been to意为“曾经去过某地”,现在已不在那里了,后可接次数,如once,twice,three times等,表示“去过某地几次”,也可和 just,never,ever等连用。例如:
My father has been to Beijing twice.我父亲去过北京两次。
此外,have/has been in表示“在某地待了多长时间”,常与表示时间段的状语连用。例如:
I have been in Shanghai for three years.我到上海已有三年了。
2.延续性动词和非延续性动词。
英语中的动词按照“能否延续”的意义可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词两类。
(1)延续性动词:表示能够延续下去的动作或状态,如be,have,work,study,learn,teach,play,live,stay,walk,run,stand,keep,feel,know等。延续性动词不能和表示“时间点”的时间状语连用。例如:
昨天上午8点下雨了。
It rained at eight yesterday morning.(×)
It began to rain at eight yesterday morning.(√)
(2)非延续性动词:表示不能延续的动作,动作发生后就结束,如come,leave,lose,begin,arrive,become,die,turn,change,end,get,receive,reach,open,fall,close等。非延续性动词一般不可与表示一段时间的状语连用。例如:
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他死了三年了。
He has died for three years.(×)
He has been dead for three years.(√)
He died three years ago.(√)
(3)只能与延续性动词连用的时间状语。
①“for+时间段”引导的表示一段时间的状语,如for two days,for a minute等。例如:
I’ve been here for over two years.我在这里待了两年多了。
②“since+时间点”引导的表示一段时间的状语,如since she came here,since 2008等。例如:
He has worked there since it opened in 2010.他自从2010年工厂开办以来,一直在那里工作。
③表示包括现在时间在内的一段时间的状语,如these days,all one’s life,so far,all day,for/in the past/last few years等。例如:
I’ve lived there all my life.我一生都住在那儿。
Ⅰ.用have/hasgone或have/hasbeen完成句子
1.My father has gone to Beijing.He will be back in two days.
2.The Greens have been to the USA twice.
3.—Where are your parents now?I haven’t seen them for a long time.
—They have gone to Xiamen.
4.Millie has been to many places of interest in our city.
Ⅱ.同义句转换,每空一词
1.They got married three years ago.
They have been married for three years.
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2.I borrowed that book last week.
I have kept that book since last week.
3.Simon fell ill last month.
Simon has been ill since last month.
4.She joined the Reading Club last term.
She has been in the Reading Club since last term.
Ⅲ.单项填空
(C)1.—Where’s our manager?
—He to Changsha.
A.have been B.has been
C.has gone D.have gone
(A)2.A number of tourists Yuxi many times because it’s such a beautiful city.
A.have been to B.has been to
C.has gone to D.have gone to
(B)3.Daniel school two years ago and he for two years.
A.leaves;has gone
B.left;has been away
C.leaves;has been away
D.left;has gone
(A)4.—How long have you here?
—For two days.I here the day before yesterday.
A.been;came B.come;came
C.came;came D.come;come
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