模 块 语 法 专 练语法精讲
宾语从句
1.宾语从句的语序。
宾语从句的语序都必须用陈述句语序,即“主语+谓语”的形式。如果宾语从句是疑问
句,必须去掉助动词,行为动词要做相应的变化。
注意:如果疑问句中疑问词作主语,变成宾语从句时,语序不再发生变化。例如:
I don’t know what has happened to you.我不知道你发生了什么事。
2.宾语从句的时态。
当主句的时态是一般现在时,从句的时态可以根据句意选择任何时态;当主句的时态
是一般过去时,从句的时态选用相应的过去时态。
注意:当从句所表达的是客观真理、名人名言等时,尽管主句用过去时态,从句也用一
般现在时。语法精讲
3.宾语从句的引导词。
主句和从句之间,一般用引导词连接。常见的有三类引导词:that;if,whether;what,
who,which,where,how,why等。
注意:
( 1 )在口语和非正式文体中that常省略,但当从句的主语为that或当主、从句之间有
插入语时,that不能省略。
( 2 )在that引导的宾语从句中,如果主句的谓语动词是think,guess,believe,suppose,
suggest,expect等,否定前移。例如:
I don’t think he will come tonight.我认为今晚他不会来。语法精讲
定语从句
1.定语从句的引导词。
引导定语从句的引导词有关系代词who,that,which等和关系副词when,why等,它们在
定语从句中充当一定的成分,同时还起着连接作用。who,whom指人,通常在从句中分
别作主语和宾语;whose在从句中常作主语的定语,既可指人又可指物,表示“谁的
……”;that既可指人也可指物,在句中作主语或宾语等;which用来指物,作主语或宾语。
2.关系词只用that不用which的情况:
( 1 )先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰,或本身为序数词、基数词、不定代词、
形容词最高级时。
( 2 )主句是以who,which引导的特殊疑问句时。
( 3 )先行词中同时含有人和物时。语法精练
Ⅰ.将下列句子改为含有宾语从句的复合句
1.Jane isn’t good at science.I think.
I don’t think Jane is good at science.
2.The simple clothes can last a long time.My parents said.
My parents said the simple clothes could last a long time.
3.Whose schoolbag is on the desk?Father asked.
Father asked whose schoolbag was on the desk.
4.Does the earth go around the sun?Susan wanted to know.
Susan wanted to know if/whether the earth goes around the sun.
5.“Who is responsible for the food safety problem?”asked the reporter.
The reporter asked who was responsible for the food safety problem. 语法精练
Ⅱ.单项填空
( D )1.—Could you tell me ?
—At nine o’clock,in ten minutes.
A.how will he leave B.when he has left
C.why he is leaving D.when he will leave
( C )2.—Excuse me,could you please tell me the Science Museum?
—Sure.Go along the street and turn left.It’s next to Bank of China.
A.when I can get to
B.when can I get to
C.how I can get to
D.how can I get to语法精练
( D )3.—Why are you so worried?
—I’ve lost the watch my dad bought me on my birthday.
A.what B.who C.whose D.which
( B )4.Have you heard about the TV programme Readers is very popular now?
A.who B.which
C.whereD.when
( A )5.The man called yesterday wants to buy the house.
A.who B.what C.which D.whose
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