2010-2019十年高考英语真题分类汇编23阅读七选五（附解析Word版）

十年高考真题分类汇编（2010-2019） 英语 专题 23 阅读七选五 (2015﹒北京) This Way to Dreamland Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what’s happening around them. They can seem forgetful and clumsy._71__They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things. But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history. __72__ Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions? So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool? First, understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams.__73_ And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you’re daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings. It’s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate. “Mindfulness”, being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep.__74__ Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away.____75_ Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds. A. Having interesting things to think about also helps. B. They stare off into space and wander by themselves. C. Without wandering minds, we wouldn’t have relatively, Coke or Post-it notes. D. At one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.E. It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive. F. Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand. G. Therefore, it’s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you’re in the daydream zone. 【解析】试题分析:文章说明了“白日做梦”现象事实上有很有助于创造性思维的开发。 71.第一段说的是大众印象中的白日做梦有哪些弊端，选项在文章前后句中起到段内 逻辑连接的作用。故选 B。 72.本段话峰一转说到了白日做梦其实有着很多的好处。选项前后依然是顺承关系， 故选 C。 73.本选项中的 it 指代前句的动名词短语 feeling safe and relaxed,解题线索明显。故选 E。 74.本段主要讲如何避免不合时宜的白日做梦，且选项中有 also 为提示词。故选 A。 75.本选项中有逻辑词 therefore, 可为做题线索之- - ;前句讲好的想法随时会出现，所 以选带个本子随时记，合情合理。故选 G。 (2015﹒陕西) 根据短文内容，从下框的 A~F 选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项，并在答题 卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。 A. The mistaken belief B. The need for tolerance C. Unpunctuality at dinners D. Punctuality and confidence E. Self-discipline and punctuality F. Avoid anxiety by being punctual 61. A There is the belief that, if you arrive at an appointment late, you will be considered important. This is a mistaken view. Being unpunctual, we are not respectful of others ; we are interfering ( 扰 乱 )with another man's time. We must realise that keeping appointments or being punctual is a contract that is silently agreed and we are expected to respect this contract. It is only natural that we lose faith, trust and confidence in a person who is tardy(延迟的). 62. E To be punctual one has to have self-discipline( 自律), and the lack of it affects others. A school boy or girl is unpunctual because he or she does not have the necessary human virtue of self-discipline. It is also a mark of disrespect for a system or an institution. Unpunctual people seldom realise that their habit cause problems to others. A salesman who is not punctual may not make a sale if he arrives late for an appointment. If one is late for a job interview, it is not likely that he will get the job. 63. F Being punctual, we can avoid anxiety. Imagine the anxiety if you do not want to be considered unpunctual. You will be anxious if you set out for a dinner late. The person who sets out late might be careless in driving. He will ignore traffic rules. A traffic jam, flat tyres, etc. can delay him further. Happy and calm is the man who takes all these possibilities into consideration and arrives at the appointment either early or on time. 64. C Many of those who attend dinners are notorious (声名狼藉的)for unpunctuality. They ignore the appointed time and leave their homes only after the fixed time. They are indifferent to the inconvenience caused to others. If the self-centred guest arrives late, the nine others at the table set for ten will have to wait. The host is put in an unpleasant situation and this man seldom thinks of the inconvenience caused to all -the waiters, the management staff, etc. It is necessary for us to think of others and be considerate to them. 65 B However, we cannot always be intolerant (无法容忍的) of tardiness, for ordinary living requires some tolerance. There can be a busy executive who fights to keep to his schedule. Such a person may be forgiven if he is late, but not those who are deliberately late to create impression. In modern society, punctuality is a necessary virtue. It is a recognition of the importance of other people. 【解析】 试题分析：文章介绍的是人际交往中守时和自律的重要性，并介绍如何做到守时和 自律。 61.考查段落大意：根据这段的句子： There is the belief that, if you arrive at an appointment late, you will be considered important. This is a mistaken view.可知这段的 大意是：错误的观念，所以选 A. 62.考查段落大意：根据这段的句子： To be punctual one has to have self-discipline(自 律), and the lack of it affects others.可知这段的大意是：自律和守时，所以选 E。63.考查段落大意：根据这段的句子： Being punctual, we can avoid anxiety. Imagine the anxiety if you do not want to be considered unpunctual.可知这段的大意是：避免守时造 成的焦虑，所以选 F。 64.考查段落大意：根据这段的句子： Many of those who attend dinners are notorious (声名狼藉的)for unpunctuality.可知这段的大意是：就餐时不守时，所以选 C。 65.考查段落大意：根据这段的句子： However, we cannot always be intolerant (无法 容忍的) of tardiness, for ordinary living requires some tolerance.可知这段的大意是：需 要容忍，所以选 B。 (2015﹒新课标全国 II)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳 选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the runs. 36 , buy the best-fitting running shoes you can find. No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet, so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop. When you have found shoes that seem right, walk in them for a few days to double-check the fit. 37 . As always, you should stretch(伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries. During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day. 38 , it is wise to take a day off to rest. But during the next week, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run. 39 . After two weeks, start timing yourself. 40 . Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter, you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race. A. After six days B. For a good marathon runner C. Before you begin your training D. With each day, increase the distance by a half mile E. If they still feel good, you can begin running in them F. Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training G. Now you are ready out a goal of improving distance and time 【解析】 试题分析：本文是以如何锻炼马拉松为话题，提到从长期的角度说应该做到精心准 备，循序渐进。这样才能达到锻炼的目的。36. C 考查对上下文的理解。上文提到跑马拉松，下文说买一双合脚的鞋子。所以 这里应该是 Before you begin your training 训练前的准备工作。故选 C。 37. E 考查对上下文的理解。上文提到：穿着鞋走走路以确保合适，下文提到跑。所 以这里应该说 If they still feel good, you can begin running in them 如果穿着的感觉很 好，就可以跑了。故选 E。 38. A 考查对上下文的理解。上文提到练习的第一周怎么做，下文提到第二周，所 以这里应该是 After six days，练习一周后稍做休息，一周是 6 天，故选 A。 39. D 考查对上下文的理解。这里在讨论逐渐加长跑步的距离，每天增加一定的距 离才合理，故选 D With each day, increase the distance by a half mile。 40. G 考查对上下文的理解。最后是提速。在规定的距离内如何训练自己跑得快。 这样才能参加比赛。故选 G Now you are ready out a goal of improving distance and time。 (2015﹒新课标全国 I)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选 项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Building Trust in a Relationship Again Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences, 36 .Trust is a risk. But you can’t be successful when there’s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake. Unfortunately, we’ve all been victims of betrayal. Whether we’ve been stolen from, lied to , misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply can’t trust anymore, 37. It’s understandable, but if you’re willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there.  38 having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.  39 If you’ve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But there’s a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our lives, we’ll have our trust tested or violated.  You didn’t lose “everything”. Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. 40 instead, it’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness. A. Learn to really trust yourself.B. It is putting confidence in someone. C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim. D. Remember that you can expect the best in return. E. They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again. F. This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships. G. Seeing the positive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what happened. 【解析】 试题分析：文章主要讲述了人们一旦失去了信任，如何再次建立信任。 36. B 根据前一句 Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences 信任是 我们从以往经历中获得的学习行为。选项 B 中的 it 代指上文刚出现的 trust。故选 B。 37. E 根据前句 Sometimes people simply can’t trust anymore.可知他们受到严重的伤 害且不能忍受再次发生。可知选 E。 38. A 根据后句 having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.可知此段主要讲述要 学会信任自己。可知选 A。 39. C 根据后句 If you’ve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance.可知此 段主要讲述不要认为自己是受害者。故选 C。 40. G 根据前一句 Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life 和后一句 instead, it’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.可知既要看到事情的积极面，也不要忽视所发生的事情。故选 G。 (2016﹒全国新课标 I) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项 中有两项为多余选项。 Secret codes (密码)keep messages private。Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer. People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36 Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography. There are three main types of cryptography. 37 For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” Spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”38 You might represent each letter with a number, For example, Let’s number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 20 13 5.” A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 39 For example “bridge“ might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.”40 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently. A.It is very hard to break a code without the code book. B.In any language, some letters are used more than others. C.Only people who know the keyword can read the message. D.As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them. E.You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out. F.With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words. G.Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet. 36.D 考查对上下文的理解和判断能力。后句内容可以判断该空应该和密码的破译有关，故判断 D 项内容 As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.符合语境逻辑，可以承 接上下文。 37.E 考查对上下文的理解和判断能力。后面举的例子是来证明人们设置密码时往往会利用一些 单词的第一个字母来作为密码，由此判断 E 选项内容符合语境逻辑。 40.A 考查对上下文的理解和判断能力。根据空后内容的转折可知尽管利用密码书可以破译密码， 但 是 一 本 密 码 书 也 不 会 使 用 很 久 的 时 间 ， 故 判 断 A 选 项 It is very hard to break a code without the code book.符合语境。 (2016﹒全国新课标 II) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项 中有两项为多余选项。A garden that’s just right for you Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(总和) of its parts? 16 . But it doesn’t happen by accident. It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process. ●___17 Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料). 18 . However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years. ●Recall(回忆)your childhood memories Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandma’s rose garden and Dad’s vegetable garden might be good or bad, but that’s not what’s important. 19 --how being in those gardens made us feel. If you’d like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth. 20 then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun. A. Know why you garden B. Find a good place for your own garden C. It’s our experience of the garden that matters D. It’s delightful to see so many beautiful flowers E. Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants F. You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too G. For each of those gardens, writer down the strongest memory you have 【解析】试题分析:本文属于说明文，美丽的花园能给我们带来美好的视觉享受，文章中给出了 两个自己建设花园的的具体建议。 16F 根据前两句提出:你是否参观过那些让你感觉非常好的花园?你也可以自己搞一一个属于你 自己的花园。故 F 项“你也可以把你自己的花园搞得那么美好”符合上下文串联。 17.A 根据本段前两句“Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, paterns and massesof color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer frtilizers(肥料)”可知不同人对花园有不同的看法，再倒数第二句“然而,有很多 能够解释你为什么想做园艺的原因”可知我们首先要搞清楚为什么要做园艺。故 A 项正确。 18E 本段前两句提出有些人认为花园只是一些花花草草，有些人关心少用水少用废料。本句仍然在说明人们对园艺的不同看法。故 E 项“还有其他人只是喜欢在户外接触植物”与上下文-致， 也是人们对于园艺的观点。 19.C 根据前句“_那些都不重要”可知划线句强调的是在园艺中对我们来说真正重要的是什么。 故 C 项“重要的是我们搞园艺的经历”符合上下文串联。 20.G 本部分介绍如果我们自己建一个花园，要回忆一下年轻的时候所看到的那些花园，并把这 些花园的优点写下来，然后制定计划并把自己的计划变成美丽的花园。故 G 项与上下文一致。 (2016﹒全国新课标 III) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选 项中有两项为多余选项。 Everyone knows that fish is good for health. 16 But it seems that many people don’t cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn’t difficult. 17 This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way. 18 Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you’re standing at the ocean’s edge. Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn’t fresh. 19 When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you’d better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don’t cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isn’t as tasty as the fresh one. There are many common methods used to cook fish. 20 First, lean it and season it with your choice of spices(调料). Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one p ound. (A larger one will take more time.) Then, it’s ready to serve. A. Do not buy it. B. The easiest is to steam it. C. This is how you can do it. D. It just requires a little knowledge. E. The fish will go bad within hours. F. When buying fish, you should first smell it. G. The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease. 【解析】试题分析:文章主要介绍了一些买鱼 和烧鱼的常识。带有强烈气味的鱼不新鲜，最 简单的方法是蒸鱼。16.G 考查上下文串联。第- -句"Everyone knows that fish is good for health. " 是总写，But 表示转折，说明 but 前面一句是对第一句的解释， G 项“鱼中的脂肪有助于预防 心脏病”符合语境，故选 G。 17.D 考查上下文串联。题目前一句“Buying, storing, and cooking fish isu't dffcult 可知，购买，存放和烧鱼并非难事，再根据后面一句可知，文章主要介绍了买鱼和烧鱼的简单知识，D 项“这 仅仅需要-一点知识”符合语境，此题容易与 C 项混淆，C 项后面应该直接跟烧鱼的方法，即 C 项与后-句重复，故选 D。 18.F 考查上下文串联。根据 Fresh fish sbould smell sweet 可知，本段讲的是买鱼的时候要闻一 -下鱼的气味，故选 F。 19.A 考查上下文串联。根据前- -句“Any fisbty or strong smell means the fish ism t fesb."可知,带 有强烈的味道的鱼都不是新鲜的，不应该买这样的鱼，A 项与后句联系紧密，故选 Ao 20.B 考查上下文串联。根据“Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam potr 可知， 本段绍的是蒸鱼的方法，故选 B. (2016﹒浙江) 下面文章中有 5 处（第 61-65 题）需要添加小标题。请从以下选项（ABCDE 和 F） 中选出符合各段意思的小题，并在答题纸上将相应选项的标号涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。 A. Get involved in student activities B. Your voice is actually super important C. There is a significant increase of opportunities D. Stay in active communication with your friends E. Get smart about the people who you spend your time with F. Your major does not matter as much in your first of college Five Things Nobody Told Me about College As I type this , I am in my university dorm room. A year ago, when I was awaiting to hear the results of my college applications, I often went to websites for some type of insider look on what college would be like. However, there’s only so much that prep books, websites, and older friends can teach. Here are the top 5things nobody told me about college: 61 Nobody entering a university knows exactly what they want to study. If they tell you otherwise, they’re lying and will probably change what they want to purse within the first quarter of attendance . During my first quarter at University of California, Riverside (UCR),I thought that I wanted to study Political Science with its focus on International Affairs, so that’s what I applied for. However, once I worked with statewide and local government, I realized that a better fit for me would be Public Policy, and now I am in the process of changing my area. 62 In college, there are so many good chances for you to meet your expectations. However, there is a very important difference between wanting to do something and applying for something. In order for you to take advantage of the conferences, research, internships ,and fellowships that your university offers, apply! Step into your academic advisor’s office, introduce yourself, and begin making the valuable connections that are necessary to help during the rest of your college career. Great things happen when you step out of your comfort zone, and you would be surprised on how many chances exist if you just ask. 63 College is where you meet your birdesmaids, neighbors, and potential bosses. The relationships you develop now will probably be linked to the ones you value later, so be wise about the people who you invest yourself in . You are only one person, and you do not have time to waste on people who would rather cause drama or mess up with your purpose. Surround yourself with uplifting individuals who challenge you to be better while loving you for who you are, and be patient to the people who are the complete opposite of that description. 64 As a first-year, I was afraid to make any noise towards campus issues that I noticed. It was not until I became involved in student government that I gained the confidence to handle projects that I created with the help of ASUCR Office of the President. During my first quarter, I spoke directly to the Chancellor, asking him for support towards my initiavives, met with the Vive Chancellors, and coorerated with my teaching assistances to begin my undergraduate research protect. Nothing good will happen when you are silent. 65 At my high school, there were about only four active club and organizations that students could be a part of. Imagine my surprise when I stepped foot onto UCR’s campus, where over 400 organizations exist, ranging from political organizations to karate club. You are not paying all or your tuition(学费)to merely go to class, study,pass tests and graduate. Make something worthy out of your experience. Create that you will want to tell your grandchildren one day. It all begins here, by signing up to join an organization. 【解析】 61. F 根据本段的句子 Nobody entering a university knows exactly what they want to study. If they tell you otherwise, they’re lying and will probably change what they want to purse within the first quarter of attendance .可知，这段主要介绍了：你的专业在大学一年级不重要。故选 F。 62. C ： 根 据 本 段 的 句 子 In college, there are so many good chances for you to meet your expectations.可知，这段主要介绍了：机会不断增加。故选 C。 E 根据本段的句子 The relationships you develop now will probably be linked to the ones you value later,so be wise about the people who you invest yourselfin .可知，这段主要介绍了:对于在一-起的 人要理性- -些。 故选 E。 64. B 根据本段的句子 Nothing good will happen when you are silent.可知，这段主要介绍了：你说 的话实际上非常重要。故选 B。 65. A 根据本段的句子 It all begins here, by signing up to join an organization.可知，这段主要介绍 了：参与一些学生的活动。故选 A。 (2016﹒河南) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。 We all go through times when we feel we are not good enough. We might feel that way at work or in school or even as a parent. Here are some things to remember when you feel like that. 36.When I started my Ph.D. program, I felt like the dumbest person in every class. I couldn’t believe how many smart people were there. I didn’t know if I could measure up to their intelligence or compete in the same league with them. Years later, I found out that almost everyone felt this way, too. You are unique and have special talents. If you can barely make Hamburger Helper , don’t compare yourself to your sister who is a chef( 厨 师 ). I’m sure you can do many things that she can’t. 37 You are you. You are not your sister. You need to stop chasing perfection. It doesn’t exist. What’s perfect to me is not perfect to you. So if you think that there is some objective measurement of perfection and that the rest of the world is judging you against, then you are wrong. 38. 39.Our sense of self-worth is based in our thoughts. We have been programmed for many years with thoughts about ourselves. Messages come from our parents, our peers, teachers, the media and our own labels. But guess what? They are only thoughts. Just because you think these thoughts, it doesn’t make them true. 40. A. You have the power to change your future. B. So focus on your own passions and talents. C. You are not the only one who feels this way. D. If you love yourself for who you are, other people will notice. E. You need to change your thought patterns. F. One of my favorite sayings is, “Don’t believe a negative thought you think!”G. Most people are too worried about their own lack of perfection to judge you. 【解析】每个人都认为自己不够完美，都会因为这一点而产生负面情绪或压力。本文后四段中 分别给出了一些避免这些压力的建议。 36. [小题 1] C 根据本段最后一-句 Years late, I found out that almost everyone felt this way, too 多 年以后，我发现几乎所有人都这样想过。所以我并不是唯一的有这样想法的人。 故 C 项符合本 段中心思想。 37. [小题 2] B 根据本段第一句 You are unique and have special talents 你是独一无二的，你有你自 己特殊的才能。所以我们要关注的是自己而不是他人，故 B 项“So focus on your owm passions and tlets."符合上下文串联。 38. [小题 3] G 根据本段第一句 You need to stop chasing perfection 你需要停止追求完美。因为完 美的标准是不一样的，完美也没有客观的标准来衡量。所以很多人都担心自己不完美，这样就 会带来很多的压力。故 G 项符合上下文串联。 39. [小题 4] E 根据横线后- -句 Our sense of self worth is based in our thoughts 我们的自我价值感 根植于我们自己的思想。所以我们要改变自己的思维模式，那样我们才不会认为自己不完美而 产生压力。故 E 项符合上下文串联。 40. [小题 s] F 根据前句 Just because you think these thoughts, it doesn't make them true 只是因为 你思考这些想法，但是并不会让他们成真。所以不要相信我们心里的那些消极的想法。故 F 项 符合上下文串联。 (2017﹒新课标Ⅰ) 第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。 If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping. I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insects bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. 36 The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. 37 We sleep in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor`s bill for my son`s food poisoning.I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. 38 Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life. 39 We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains. 40 It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style. A．This time there was no tent. B．Things are going to be improved. C．The trip they took me on was a rough one. D． I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however. E．I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping. F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping. G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall. 【解析】 三年前，作者对露营一无所知，也不认为自己会喜欢露营。然而后来有过几次露营的经历，作 者和他的家人开始爱上了露营，甚至为露营购买了设备齐全的房车。作者认为露营是回归大自 然的一个方式，也建议读者找到适合自己的回归自然的方式。 37.C 根据后文 We sleep in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom 可知作者第一次露营条件很艰苦，C 选项 The trip they took me on was a rough one.中的 rough 暗示了这一点，符合语境。故选 C。 38.A 根据前文 We sleep in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom 可知作者第一次露营时住帐篷，露天生火做饭，走很 远的距离去洗澡上厕所，条件很艰苦。而后文中 Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. 说明作者第二次露营有床有空调 A 选项 This time there was no tent“这次没有帐篷了”暗示作者进行了第二次露营，而且条件比较好，符合语 境。故选 A。 39.F 根据后文 we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.可知作者一家为了露营买了房车，里面设 备齐全。既然花了这么大精力，说明作者一家人是喜欢露营的。F 选项 After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping“那次露营之后，我的家人开始对它感兴趣”符合语境， 故选 F。 40.E 根据后文 It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.可知作者希望每个人能找到适合 自己的回归自然的方法，而根据前文可知作者回归自然的方式就是露营。E 选项 I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.“我必须得承认我真的开始享受露营”既是对文章 第一段中作者态度转变的一个总结，也很好的衔接了后文。故选 E。 (2017﹒全国新课标Ⅱ) 第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。 Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while you’re trying to get work done. 36 ,there are several ways to handle things. Let’s take a look at them now. 37 .Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the of you can talk at a different time. When people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you’ll find them then. 38 .It can help to eliminate(消除) future interruptions. When you need to someone, don’t do it in your own office. 39 .it’s much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are If you have a door to your office, make good use of it. 40 .If someone knocks and it’s not an important matter. Excuse yourself and let the person know you’re busy so they can get the hint(暗示) than when the door is closed, you’re not to be disturbed.A. If you’re busy, don’t feel bad about saying no B. When you want to avoid interruptions at work zxx.k C. Set boundaries for yourself　as your time goes D. If you’re in the other person’s office or in a public area E. It’s important that you let them know when you’ll be available F. It might seem unkind to cut people shirt when they interrupt you G. Leave it open when you’re available to talk and close it when you’re not 【解析】 37.根据后文“Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the of you can talk at a different time”，这一段主要是讲述，学会在自 己很忙的时候去拒绝别人。故选 A。 38.根据横线前“have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you’ll find them then”安排好时间，让他们知道你在什么时候回来，或者告诉他们， 你会去找他们，再结合后文“It can help to eliminate(消除) future interruptions”这样 做可以帮助你消除未来被打断的可能，根据句意的衔接， 故选 E。 39.根据后文“it’s much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are”，此句中 it 指 代前文“don’t do it in your own office.”，也就是说此段中作者认为比起在自己的办公室 解释，不在自己的办公室更容易点。故选 D 40.根据“If you have a door to your office,make good use of it.”可知，此段主要是讲 述关于如何利用自己办公室的门来防止被打扰。故选 G。 (2017﹒全国新课标Ⅲ) 第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。 Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resting your body clock 36 Here is how to make one. ● 37 In order to make a change, you need to decide why it's important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear about your reason, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.  Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes, shoes, and bags. 38 That’s a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.  Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If you’re tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found. 39  Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After you’ve tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record. 40 If not, take another look at other methods you could try. A. Get a sleep specialist. B. Find the right motivation. C. A better plan for sleep can help. D. And consider setting a second alarm. E. If the steps you take are working, keep it up. F. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day. G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the café to get coffee. 【解析】 37. B 本段内容是建议人们要先确定为什么要早起，早起的目的是什么，也就是早起的动机是 什么。由此推断 B 可以概括本段中心。 38. G 根据下句内容可知，作者建议人们买一个可以定时的咖啡机，这样可以节约 15 分钟的喝咖啡时间，能够多睡 15 分钟，文中的 a quarter-hour 和选项中的 15 minutes 呼应，是信息提 示词。故选 G。 39.F 根据段落小标题可知，本段是建议人们在周末也要坚持自己的作息时间，由此推断 Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.和本段标题意思相同。故选 F。 40.E 后句建议人们如果这样做没作用就尝试新办法，由此推断该空与 If not 对应，提出如果 有效果的话如何去做。故选 E。 (2017﹒北京) 第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。 Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month. 71 One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. 72 We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear. Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons(神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day. 73 Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. 74 The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping. If Tononi’s theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a night`s, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information — our brains may have smaller room for new experiences. Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. 75 “You keep what matters,” Tononi says. A. We should also try to sleep well the night before. B. It’s as if the brain is preserving its most important memories. C. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick. D. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories. E. That’s why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.F. “Sleep is the price we pay for learning,” says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea. G. Tononi’s team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice. 72.根据前一句提到的睡觉有助于帮助我们加强新的记忆，所以学生在学习新知识后如果有机会 睡一觉，他们在考试中就会表现得更好，前后逻辑关系很顺畅，因果联系，故选 E。 73.根据下文中的 he，可知此处要提到一个人，以及他的理论，正好 F 项中有，故选 F。 74.根据下文中提到的关键词 synapses in the mice 以及整个句子可知，他肯定做了关于老鼠 的实验，G 项有关键词 synapses，mice，都与他的实验有关，故答案为 G。 75.根据后一句提到的 You keep what matters,你记住重要的东西，可知大脑会把最重要的记忆 保存下来，前后逻辑关系顺畅，故选 B。 (2017﹒浙江) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Do Man-on-the-Street Interviews The man-on-the-street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the sport. _____31_____ But with these tips, your first man-on-the-street interview experience can be easy.  When your boss or professor sends you out to do man-on-the-street interviews for a story, think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it. For example, if your topic is about environmental problems in America, you might ask, “Why do you think environmental protection is important in America?” _____32_____  Hit the streets with confidence. _____33_____ Say, “Excuse me, I work for XYZ News, and I was wondering if you could share your opinion about this topic.” This is a quick way to get people to warm up to you. Move on to the next person if someone tells you she is not intereste Don’t get discouraged. ● 34 Each interview that you get on the street shouldn’t be longer than ten minutes. As soon as you get the answer you need, move on to the next person. Make sure that as you go from interview to interview, you are getting a variety of answers. If everyone is giving you the same answer, you won’t be able to use it. A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten. 35 ● If your news station or school requires interviewees to sign release forms to appear on the air, don’t leave work without them. A. Limit your time. B. As you approach people, be polite. C. If you don’t own a camera, you can buy one. D. For new reporters, this can seem like a challenging task. E. To get good and useful results, ask them the same question. F. That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need. G. With a question like this, you will get more than a “Yes” or “No” reply. 33.B 根据空格后一句所说的很有礼貌的提问，可知这里的建议应该是提问时要注意礼貌，而选 项 B 中的 polite 正好与其相呼应，故选 B. 34.A 根据空格后一句“Each interview that you get on the street shouldn’t be longer than ten minutes.”可知这一段的建议是要限制采访的时间，故选 A. 35.F 根据空格前一句“A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten”, 而选项 F 中“That number of interviews…”正好与其相呼应，故选 F. (2018﹒全国新课标Ⅰ) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。 Color is fundamental in home design——something you’ll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in. Do you want a room that’s full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day?____36____, color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point.____37____, they can get a little complex .But good news is that there’re really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones. ____38____. They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows ,mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms .Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa ,small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable . Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves ____39____. They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space. The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors .Whether you’re looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant.____40____. A. While all of them are useful B. Whatever you’re looking for C. If you’re experimenting with a color D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with E. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了室内设计中颜色的选择问题。 36. 36 题以逗号结尾，后面另起一个简单句，可以从句子结构排除 D,E,F,G 项。根据前文的 三个问句可知，此处是从中选择一种。故选 B（不管你寻找哪一种）。 37. 前文：在过去的许多年里，有许多技术帮助设计者实现这一要点；下文：它们有点复 杂。所以 A（然而他们都很有用）承上启下。符合题意。 (2018﹒全国新课标Ⅱ) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。 If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out. ___36___ Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit. Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day.___37___ Your metabolism(新陈代谢) gets a head start. ___38___ If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie(卡路里)burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep. ___39___ Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited. ___40___ If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You will want to continue to focus on positive choices. There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long. A. You will stick to your diet. B. Your quality of sleep improves. C. You prefer healthy food to fast food. D. There is no reason you should exercise in the morning. E. You can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise. F. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day. G. If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you’re doing it now, then listen up! 【解析】这是一篇说明文。列举了早晨锻炼对人体的四条好处，号召人们早点起床，进行 身体锻炼。 36. 根据空前的内容“生活忙碌没有时间锻炼”和空后的内容“晨练除了身体健康之外，还能 带来其他好处”，下文接着列举了晨练的其他好处。由此可知，此处缺一个承上启下句。G 项中 then listen up!（那么请仔细听!）很好的起到了承上启下的作用。故选 G。 37. 根据上一句 Exercising makes you more awake（锻炼能让你更清醒），E 项（你可以在运 动后保持头脑清醒 4-10 个小时。）是对上一句的进一步解释。故选 E。38. 空前句子是本段的主题句，晨练是新陈代谢的开始，空后句子说如果晨练，则你会得 到卡路里一整天都在燃烧的益处，F 项（锻炼之后，你一整天都在燃烧卡路里。）是空后句子的 根据，空后句子是对 F 项的进一步延伸。故选 F。 39. 此处缺一个主题句。空后句子解释了早起锻炼的人比晚上锻炼的人睡得更好。B 项（你 的睡眠质量提高了。）是对后面内容的总述。故选 B。 40. 根据空后句子“If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day.（如果你在早晨锻炼身体，你将更有可能坚持健 康的食物选择。）”，A 项(你将坚持你的饮食。)符合本段内容，是主题句，起到统领下文的作用。 故选 A。 (2018﹒全国新课标Ⅲ) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Before there was the written word, there was the language of dance. Dance expresses love and hate, joy and sorrow ,life and death, and everything else in between. ___36___We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays , office parties and just to fill the time. “I adore dancing,” says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in Iowa. “I can't imagine doing anything else with my life." Bridges runs dance classes for all ages. "Teaching dance is wonderful. ____37____It's great to watch them. For many of them, it's a way of meeting people and having a social life." ___38___"I can tell you about one young couple," says Bridges. “They're learning to do traditional dances. They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile. _____39_____” So, do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier? Andrea Hillier says,“Dance, like the pattern of a beating heart, is life. Even after all these years, I want to get better and better.____40____ I find it hard to stop! Dancing reminds me I'm alive." A. So why do we dance? B. Dance in the U.S.is everywhere. C. If you like dancing outdoors, come to America. D. My older students say it makes them feel young. E. I keep practicing even When I'm extremely tired. F. Dancing seems to change their feeling completely. G. They stayed up all night long singing and dancing. 【解析】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了跳舞的好处。40. 根据文章前后句可知，此处人称为第一人称，所以 E 符合语境，作者结合自己的跳舞经历 介绍了跳舞给自己带来的好处。 (2018﹒浙江) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。 Moving into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting experience. Of course, you want to make sure that you become an acceptable and valuable part of your neighborhood . the easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbor should. _____31_____ Perhaps one of the most important things you can do as a good neighbor is to keep your property(房产) neat, clean, and in good repair. ____32____ By choosing to keep the outside of the home in great shape, you will help to improve the look and feel of the area. Second, take the overall appearance of the neighborhood seriously,. When going for a walk. Take a small garbage bag. _____33_____ This small act will let your neighbors know that you care about the area. ______34______ If a neighbor is going to be out of town, offer to collect mail and newspapers. If a neighbor suffers an illness, offer to do the grocery shopping . Let them know you are there to help in any way this acceptable, while still respecting the privacy of your neighbor. ______35______ By following the basic rules of respecting others, taking care of what belongs to you, and taking pride in the appearance of the neighborhood in general, you will quickly become a good neighbor that everyone appreciate. A. In general, keep an eye on their property while they are gone.B.A good neighbor is also one who likes to help out in small ways. C. Being a good neighbor is more or less about considerate behavior. D. Sometimes neighbors may go to the supermarket together to do shopping. E. Should you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing car, pick it up. F. People tend to lake pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting. G. Here are a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighborhood quickly 【解析】怎样成为一个邻居都喜欢的人，作者给了几点建议。 31. 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段讲如果你想成为邻居中一个可以接受和有 价值的部分，最简单的方法就是确保你的行为举止像一个好邻居。下文是具体做法，G 项：这 里有一些技巧，可以帮助你迅速赢得邻居的信赖。承上启下，故选 G。 32. 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段介绍和邻居关系融洽最重要的是保持干净 整洁的户内户外环境，F 项中 keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting. 保持街上的一切 新鲜和诱人，与本段意思一致，故选 F。 33. 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段主要建议要重视社区的整体面貌，出门拿 上一个垃圾袋，E 项：遇到从路过的汽车里扔出的废纸，把它捡起来。与上句连接，是拿垃圾 袋的作用。故选 E。 34. 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段是建议用邻居可以接受的方式帮助他们， 同时尊重邻居的隐私。B 项：好邻居就是喜欢在小的方面帮助别人的人，符合本段内容，故选 B。 35. 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。最后一段是总结，只要我们考虑周到，尊重他 人，照顾好属于自己的东西，为周围的人感到自豪，很快就会成为一个大家都喜欢的好邻居。C 项中 considerate behavior 是下文内容的概括，故选 C。 (2018﹒北京) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。 Why Do We Get Angry? Anger seems simple when we are feeling it, but the causes of anger are various. Knowing these causes can make us examine our behavior, and correct bad habits. The main reasons we get angry are triggering（触发）events, personality traits（特征）, and our assessment of situations. 51 Triggering events for anger are so many that to describe them all would take hundreds of pages. However, here are some examples: being cut off in traffic, a deadline approaching, experiencing physical pain, and much more. ____52____ The reason why someone is triggered by something and others are not is often due to one’s personal history and psychological traits. Each person, no matter who they are, has psychological imbalances. People who have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low upset tolerance are much more likely to get angry. 53 Also, sometimes pre-anger does not have to do with a lasting condition, but rather a temporary state before a triggering event has occurred. 54 Sometimes even routine occurrences become sources of pre-anger, or anger itself. Sometimes ignorance and negative (消极的) outlooks on situations can create anger. 55 However, anger can easily turn violent, and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence. With these main reasons in mind, we can evaluate our level of anger throughout the day and prevent cases of outbursts by comprehending the reasons for our feelings. A. Our attitude and viewpoint on situations can create anger within us as well. B. But some types of situations can help us to get rid of the occurrence of anger. C. Anger is rarely looked upon as a beneficial character trait, and is usually advised to reduce it. D. Anger is a particularly strong feeling and maybe people think that they have reasons to feel angry. E. Having these personality traits implies the pre-anger state, where anger is in the background of your mind. F. Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselves with a critical eye. G. Not everyone acts the same in response to events, and that is why what triggers one person may or may not trigger another. 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章按照总-分-总的结构讲述了人愤怒的三个原因——触发事件、 个人特征和对环境的评估。希望通过了解这三个原因，我们能更好地控制自己的情绪。 51. F 本句作为第一段中的最后一句话，显然应该是总括性的句子。F 选项中对于了解这些原因 对我们控制情绪的好处恰好符合这一特征，故选 F。 52. G 根据下一句中“why someone is triggered by something and others are not”可知，前文中提到 了每个人的触发事件都各不相同，G 选项中“what triggers one person may or may not trigger another.”恰好提到了这一点，符合语境。故选 G。 53. E 根据后文“Also, sometimes pre-anger does not have to do with a lasting condition, but rather a temporary state before a triggering event has occurred”可知，前一句也提到了 pre-anger 这一状态，E 选项中“pre-anger state”恰好符合。除此之外，上一句中的“personality traits”在此句中也出现 了。故选 E。 54. A 本文为总-分-总结构，按照第一段的顺序，此段应该讲 assessment of situations，故选 A。 55. D 根据后文“However, anger can easily turn violent, and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence.”可知，前面一句应该是说生气有其存在的合理性。故选 D。 (2019﹒全国新课标Ⅰ) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。 Is Fresh Air Really Good for You? We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” ____36____ According to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good. ___37___ If the air you’re breathing is clean-which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities-then the air is filled with life-giving，energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉)and your brain. Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing(治 愈). _____38_____ In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green，growing things can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood(情绪).Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. ______39______ It gives us a great feeling of peace. ___40___While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin— put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D. A. Fresh air cleans our lungs. B. So what are you waiting for? C. Being in nature refreshes us. D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight. E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care. G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens. 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新鲜空气的好处：新鲜空气中的氧气，阳光对人们的身 心健康均有好处。人们已经开始利用大自然和治愈疾病的关系，建造“康复花园”，治疗病人了。 36.E 根据下一句中的“the answer is a big YES”可知，该空应该是一个一般疑问句，选项中只有 E 选 项是一般疑问句。故选 E：但是新鲜空气真得像你母亲说的那样对你有好处吗？空前的 people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air”和选项中的“your mother always said”亦是呼应。 37.A 根据下一句中提到的“If the air you’re breathing is clean…the air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen”可知，新鲜空气充满赋予人生命的，充满活力的氧气。下文中“…breathe more deeply, allowing more oxygen to get to your muscles and your brain”是对前文的递进：在户外，更多的氧 气进入你的肌肉和大脑。根据前面的分析可以推知，该空应该提到新鲜空气的基本作用，根据 常识，我们知道吸入的空气首先进入的是肺部，然后才会使我们的肌肉和大脑受益，故该空应 选 A 选项：新鲜空气清洁我们的肺部。 38.G 根据下一句中提到的“these places”可以推知，该空应该提到表示地点的复数名词。选项中只有 G 选项提到该类名词，故选项 G：在全国，康复中心已经开始建造“康复花园”。these places 就是 指 Healing Gardens。 39.C 前文介绍的是“康复花园”中的绿色植物对于病人康复的好的作用：绿色的正在成长的植物可以 减轻压力，降低血压，使人情绪良好。空后提到“它给我们一种平和感”。该空起承上启下的作 用，仍然要提到处于“康复花园”这种自然环境中的好处，空后的 it 也要指代这种情况。故 C 选 项切题：身处大自然可以使人精神焕发。 40.D 根据下文中提到的“the sun’s rays…give us beneficial Vitamin D”可知，该段介绍的阳光的好处。 故该选项应该提到阳光。选项中只有 D 选项涉及阳光。故选 D：获得新鲜空气的另一个好处是 阳光。 (2019﹒全国新课标Ⅱ) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。 Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question:“Should I jump? This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of same coin. ___36___Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided. ___37___ More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself , your values your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires ,etc. Only then should your you’re your goals You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. ___38___ So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity(清晰)of thoughts can help you move forward. Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible.____39____ They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals. Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a Pilot but can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough.____40____You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal. You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals. A. This can affect your work. B. So how should you motivate yourself? C. However, this should not discourage you. D. So why should we try to set specific goals? E. They can change according to circumstances. F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job. G. Without motivation you can neither set a goal nor reach it 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章作者对于怎样设定具体目标，给出了一些方法。 36.G 上文说“动机和目标设定是同一枚硬币的两面”。下文说“就像孩子在跳水台，难以决定”。该空 承上启下，G 选项“没有目标，你就既不能设定目标，也无法实现它”切题，故选 G。 37.B 下文说“不仅如此，你应该如何为实现你的目标保持积极性”。该空引出下文，B 选项“那么你应 该如何激励自己呢”切题，故选 B。 38.A 上文说“有时候你的心不在工作上”，下文说“所以，减慢速度，想一想那时候，你到底想干什 么”。该空承上启下，A 选项“这会影响你的工作”切题，故选 A。 39.E 上文说“记得，目标是灵活的”。该空承接上文，E 选项“它们会根据环境的改变而改变”切题， 故选 E。 40.C 上文说“你可能想当一名飞行员，但是不能成为一名飞行员，因为你的视力不够好。”下文说“你 应该重新评估你的目标，并且设定一个新的目标”。该空承上启下，C 选项“然而，这也不要使 你沮丧”切题，故选 C。 (2019﹒全国新课标Ⅲ) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。 In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. ___36___ While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic(逻辑)of each to their particular circumstance. Do's • ___37___ Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus(教学大纲)and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight. • Participate in discussion forums(论坛), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. ___38___ Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same. Don'ts • Don't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. ___39___ • Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class. ___40___ When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor's professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments. A. That's what they are for. B. Turn to an online instructor for help. C. If more information is needed, they will ask. D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails. E. Below are some common do's and don' ts for online learners. F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another. G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions. 【解析】本文为说明文。在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在文 中列举了一些规矩与禁忌。 36.E 根据文章段落结构和本段首句 In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important，可知，在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要 的，作者在下文中列举了一些规矩与禁忌，故选项 E 符合语境。 37.G 根据其后一句 Questions about subject content are generally welcomed.（与课程内容相关的问题 是受欢迎的），解释了什么样的问题是好问题，可知，与 G 项“make sure they are good, thoughtful questions”相呼应，要提一些好的令人深思的问题，故选 G。 38.A 根 据 前 一 句 Participate in discussion forums（ 论 坛 ）, blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue.可知，要参与论坛讨论、博客和其他开放式的对话论坛。而这正是网络课堂采用的交 流的途径，故选 A。 39.C 根据本段 Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends 教授不是训练 有素的护士，不是经济援助专家，也不是你最好的朋友，可知，不要分享个人信息或故事，如 果他们需要更多信息的话，他们会主动问起的，故选项 C 符合语境。 40.F 通读本段，并根据本段主题句 Don’t openly express annoyance at a professor or class.告诫读者，每 个人都可能曾经上过不太好的课，不要在社交媒体上攻击教授，不要公开表达对教授或班级的 不满，要利用课程评价冷静地提出你的意见。选项 F 符合上下文语境。 (2019﹒北京)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。 Much of the work in today’s world is accomplished(完成)in teams. Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals._____46_____Companies spend millions hiring top business people. Is their money well spent？ ___47___They focused on football，basketball and baseball. The results are mixed For football and basketball，adding talented players to a team proves a good method，but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent；above that level, the team’s performance begins to decline. Interestingly，this trend isn’t evident in baseball. where additional individual talent keeps improving the team’s performance. To explain this phenomenon，the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate(协调)their actions.______48______In baseball，the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates. They conclude that when task interdependence is high，team performance will suffer when there is too much talent，while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower. If a basketball star is. for example，trying to gain a high personal point total，he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate，affecting the team's performance. Young children learning to play team sports are often told，“There is no I in TEAM.”___49___ Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team，some players may make less effort. Just as in a game of tug-of-war(拔河比赛)，whenever a person is added，everyone else pulls the rope with less force. ___50___.An A-team may require a balance-not just A players，but a few generous B players as well. A. It's not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent. B. Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent C. The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers' attention. D. Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship. E. Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world. F. Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent. G. This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball. 【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些优雅 量的普通球员。 46.B 上文说“大多数人相信建立一个伟大团队的最好方法就是聚集一群最有天赋的人 个人”。下文说“公司花费数百万雇佣顶级商业人士。”该空承上启下，也是在举例，B 选项“运 动队老板花费数百万美元吸引顶尖人才。”切题，故选 B。 47.E 下文说“他们专注于足球、篮球和篮球。结果有好有坏。”该空引出下文，E 选项“最近的几项研 究调查了体育世界中人才的作用。”切题，故选 E。 48.G 上文说“为了解释这一现象，研究人员探索了一场好的表现要求队员们协调他们行动的程度”， 下文说明了研究结果，该空承上启下，G 选项“这项任务的相互依赖性使棒球区别于足球和篮 球。”切题，故选 G。 49.D 上文说了“一个球星为了个人得分，而影响团队的表现”，该空承接上文，D 选项“球星显然没有 遵守运动员精神的基本原则”切题，故选 D。 50.F 下文说“一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些优雅量的普通球 员。”该空引出下文，F 选项“建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。” 切题，故选 F。 (2019﹒浙江) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。 Rock music consists of many different styles. Even though there is a common spirit among all music groups, they make very different music. ___31___ At that time the Beatles entered the world of music from Liverpool. After they were given an invitation to appear live on BBC, the Beatles quickly became famous in Britain with nationwide tours. By mid-1963, the Beatles had been extremely popular in England. ___32___ They held large concerts and performed at clubs. They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England. They began as a modestly successful musician group and ended the year as show business legends(传说). John Lennon and Paul McCartney were named composers of the year. ___33___ They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music. Beatlemania hit New York on February 7, 1964. Hundreds of fans jammed the airport to greet them. ___34___ The concert was broadcast live and attracted the largest one night audience in the history of television up to that time. The Beatles were described as a British invasion(入侵)by local and nationwide newspapers at that time. Their victory in America was still remembered as a major turning point in the history of rock and roll. Thanks to the Beatles, a lot of opportunities were opened up to new faces on the market. ___35___ A. They decided on a tour to the United States in 1964. B. Even their hairstyles became major trends at that time. C. Rock music developed in the 1950s and the early 1960s. D. However, their songs changed the lives of generations to come. E. Many rock bands were able to follow in the footsteps of the Beatles. F. They appeared in the films A Hard Day's Night(1964)and Help！(1965). G. They performed their first concert in America at CBS television's 53rd street studio. 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文中讲述了披头士的发展和影响，引领了一种潮流趋势。 31. C 第一段讲述摇滚音乐，根据空后的 at that time 可知前句提到了时间，而且与 rock music 有关， 选项中只有 C 项讲的是摇滚音乐，并且讲述了其发展的时间，故选 C。 32. B 空前后都是讲述披头士的出名程度，根据空前 extremely popular in England, 以及后文的 they became the hottest thing 可知此处描述了他们的影响，选项 B （甚至他们的发型在那时也成为了 一种潮流）符合文意，且关键词 even 是一个提示，故选 B。 33.A 根据空后 They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music.（他们不确 定美国人怎样反应），可知他们首次来美国演出，所以 A 项（决定首次到美国开巡回演出）符 合文意，故选 A。 34. G 根据空后 The concert was broadcast live…可知前句中应该出现 concert，选项 G 中的关键词 their first concert 前后呼应。故选 G。 35. E 根据空前（由于披头士，市场上出现了很多机会），E 项（很多新乐队（新面孔）都是模仿披头 士），符合逻辑。故选 E。