【一模汇编】2020 届高三英语一模 16 区（15 份）六选四汇编
01. 黄浦区
A. Many options require city-level investment in new facilities.
B. However, it is not yet clear which technologies and fuels cities will back.
C. Through their actions, city governments today are helping to shape the cities of the future.
D. For example, London is requiring all newly licensed taxis to be zero-emission capable from 2018.
E. City planners are using transport-oriented development to increase density while maintaining quality of life and
property value.
F. Some cities, such as Delhi, are investing heavily in creating the mass transport systems needed to change how
citizens travel.
Sustainable Transport in Cities
Transport has always shaped cities. In Medieval times crossroads gave birth to blooming market towns. Many
North American cities were created for the car. But how are the cities of today being shaped by a need for more
sustainable transport?
Many local governments are speeding up change through policy initiatives such as joined transport, congestion
charges and low emission zones, sustainable gaining and lifecycle costing, and opening data up to companies and
academics. And these city level policies can move markets in more sustainable directions. ___67___ This has resulted in
five vehicle manufacturers committing to meeting that deadline, which is both in their own commercial interests and
good for the environment.
The least dense cities, for example, Houston, have per capita(人均的) carbon emissions nearly ten times higher than
the densest, such as Singapore. ___68___ This involves gathering mixed use developments around a key transport center,
as with the KL Central area in Kuala Lumpur, built around the largest railway station in Southeast Asia.
___69___ Others are using motivations and behavioural change to encourage people to choose more efficient―and
often healthier―forms of transport. Copenhagen has a number of progressive cycling policies including the Green Wave,
which allows people cycling at 20km/h to hit all green lights during rush hour.
Light weighting and new engine and fuel technologies are helping to make existing road and rail vehicles more
efficient. ___70___ The main options are hydrogen fuel cells, fossil fuel hybrids, and electric vehicles, and the best
solution may well vary from city to city.
答案：67-70 DEFB02. 宝山区
A. You may find these colorful symbols unavoidable as they’ve become a language of their own
B. People can send emoji instead of writing words to participate in a conversation
C. No wonder emoji use is becoming more and more popular in various fields
D. Today, emoji use is a standard feature in digital communication
E. But not all the people show interest in emoji especially elder ones
F. Unlike most words, there isn’t a certain definition for each emoji
Whether you’re on social media or sending a text message, you encounter emoji (表情符号) regularly. 67 .
While most people’s enthusiasm for emoji increased in the smartphone era, Japan has been crazy for emoji since 1999.
Designer Shigetaka Kurita invented emoji for a Japanese phone company 20 years ago as a way to make it easier to
express ideas in a short message. The word emoji can be translated as “picture character” from Japanese. After the
release of Kurita’s emoji, rival phone companies in Japan began creating their own emoji. Many emoji on our digital
devices today are imported from Kurita’s original set of emoji.
Japan’s love for emoji continued well into the 2000s before the rest of the world discovered them. Apple Inc.
officially introduced an emoji function in their software in 2011. Soon, other phone companies from around the world
made it easier for their customers to use emoji. 68 .
As you scroll (滑动) through your phone, you can see the wide selection of available emoji. More than 2,000 emoji
are in existence now, with more being released each year. These numbers show the popularity and demand for emoji.
Why? Because words alone can’t convey the complete meaning of a digital message. In digital communication,
emoji express a tone or mood. More than 90 percent of people online use emoji especially ones that show emotion like
hearts and smileys. 69 . For example, they might send a red heart emoji as a response that they really like something
instead of writing, “I love that.”
Some emoji are also abstract enough for people to use in any way they like. You can send an emoji as an inside
joke, which is only understood between you and your friend. 70 . Nor do they belong to a specific culture. You and
I give emoji meaning, because emoji is a language that belongs to all of us.
答案：67. A 68. D 69. B 70. F 03. 崇明区
A. But setting up the aeroponic farm was not easy.
B. The government wants to greatly expand this percentage.
C. Many of the commercial aeroponic systems are relatively costly.
D. Aeroponics, however, does not require traditional farm work or much land.
E. Growing with aeroponics is not difficult and its benefits far outweigh any disadvantages.
F. It could make a big difference in places where huge amounts of land have been made unfarmable.
Growing Food from Air in Nigeria
A group of farmers in Nigeria is using a technology-based method to grow crops from mist (水汽) in the air. The
method, known as aeroponics, does not involve soil. Instead, plant roots hang in the air. The roots take in nutrients from
a watery mist.
Aeroponics is not well-known in Nigeria, but farmers there are working to make the technique more popular.
67
Biochemist Samson Ogbole is popularly known as Nigeria’s smart farmer. He and his team are growing crops
without soil at the technology-based farm they started three years ago in Abeokuta. Ogbole says they are on a campaign
to end seasonal food scarcity in Nigeria. “Because we are the ones controlling everything that the plant requires, we are
not depending on seasons. So it’s no longer seasonal farming. It is just farming anytime of the year, meaning we can
plant anytime of the year, and we can harvest anytime of the year.”
68 It required financing of more than $180,000. And some people in Abeokuta were very much against
this non-traditional method of farming. It took a lot of effort to change people’s minds about aeroponics.
In Nigeria, about 30 million hectares (公顷) of farmland is being used, instead of the 78.5 million hectares required
for food security. In the north, only 49 percent of the land is fertile, a situation that worries traditional farmers. 69
Nutrients for the plants are controlled by a recycling system, greatly increasing productivity.
Philip Ojo is director general of Nigeria’s National Agricultural Seeds Council. He says the government welcomes
new farming methods. Ojo noted that with aeroponics, farmers can quickly increase planting materials. So, his group
strongly supports the technology.
The agricultural industry represents about 40 percent of Nigeria’s economy. 70 For now, most farmers lack
the technical knowledge to increase productivity. They also need access to high-quality seeds to guarantee better harvests.
Technologically skilled farmers like Samson Ogbole are offering a new way forward.
答案：67. F 68. A 69. D 70. B04. 松江区
A. There’s no waiting for it and no counting of cash.
B. The system is impressively simple and secure.
C. Security is nothing to worry about with the procedures.
D. Clearing up cash payments has several advantages as well.
E. However, some people doubt what members of a cashless society will do when the power goes off.
F. Privacy security and convenience are all important factors in the adoption of electronic payment
technology.
When he rolls into a gas station to fill his tank, Barkhad Dahir doesn’t get out of his car. He pushes a few buttons on
his cellphone and within seconds he has paid for the fuel. With the same quick pushes on his phone he pays for almost
everything he needs.
Electronic payments offer consumers convenience, provide profits for banks, credit card companies and payment
processors and offer merchants improved cash flow and convenience. “I haven’t seen cash for a long time. Almost every
merchant even hawker ( 小 贩 ) on the street accepts payment by cellphone. 67. __________” says Adan Abokora, a
democracy activist.
Purchases are made by dialing a three-digit number, entering a four-digit PIN and then entering the retailer’s
payment number and the amount of money. Both customers and merchants receive text messages to confirm the
payment. 68. __________ For instance, the printing and handling of money is expensive. Cash payments can be
anonymous (匿名的) and it is hard to track criminal activities conducted in secret. Many governments favor reducing
cash dealings in order to better monitor and understand the activities of their citizens. The Swedish government has been
discussing the removing of cash since 2010.
69. __________ Do they choose to rob? Do they sit at home and wait? What happens to people who rely on their
cellphones to process money dealings when cell service and the Internet are interrupted? A world affected by terrorism
and increasingly violent weather may not yet be ready to abandon currency.”
Other people fear that electronic payments may create security risks and enable dealings to be tracked and reported.
70. __________ New technologies which balance and address these factors may enable people to remove cash.答案： 67----70 ADEF05. 虹口区
A. But legislation(法律) won’t ban all situations in which multitasking is unwise.
B. They multitask for efficiency, to fight boredom or to keep up with social media.
C. Forty-eight states have banned texting while driving.
D. However, texting while biking seems so undemanding as to be harmless.
E. They damage driving equivalently as far as external dangers go.
F. Instead of multitasking, they take more rest breaks and get a social media fix during a break.
Is Multitasking Always Good?
Not only do smartphones provide unrestricted access to information, they provide perfect opportunities to multitask.
Any activity can be accompanied by music, selfies or social media updates. Of course, some people pick poor times to
tweet or text, and lawmakers have stepped in. __67__ In Honolulu, it’s illegal to text or even look at your phone while
crossing the street, and in the Netherlands they’ve banned texting while biking.
__68__You need to self-regulate. Understanding how the brain multitasks and why we find multitasking so
appealing will help you realize the danger of pulling out your phone.
Multitasking feels like doing two things at the same time, so it seems the danger lies in asking one mental process to
do two unrelated things — for texting drivers, watching the screen and the road.
Twenty states have instituted bans on driving using a hand-held phone while still allowing hands-free calls. Yet
hands-free or hand-held makes no difference. __69__The real problem is the switch of attention between the
conversation and the road, and that affects performance.
People sense this, and when on the phone they drive slower and increase their following distance, but they are far too
confident that these measures reduce risks. This overconfidence extends to other activities. A 2015 survey showed that a
majority of students who use social media, text or watch TV while studying think that they can still comprehend the
material they’re studying.
People don’t multitask merely because they see no harm in it; they see benefits. __70__Most people will still choose
to multitask. But they should, at the very least, be fully aware of how that choice affects them and the potential
consequences for themselves and others. They need to pay attention to how much — or how little — they are paying
attention.
答案：67-70: CAEB06. 徐汇区
A. Creativity is associated with many factors.
B. Rather, they should work to expand, grow, and exercise it.
C. Without creativity, we are indistinguishable from the masses.
D. However, creativity can be acquired at any age.
E. It’s hard to work out where exactly creativity comes from.
F. Everyone has the capacity to be creative.
Essential Creativity
In a recent survey in America, 62% of people said that creativity was more important to success in the workplace
than they had anticipated it would be when they were in school.
(67) _____________ It is of course possible to scan people’s brains and see which parts are firing when an idea is
created, but rather more romantically it can be thought of as something that cannot be identified. Creativity is what
comes to you when you least expect it. You cannot demand creativity from your mind, nor can you demand that you are
creative in a particular way.
One misconception about creativity is that it is reserved for a few special people. This is not true. (68)
_____________ Another misconception is that creativity is all about the arts but this simply isn’t true: creativity extends
to maths and science in just the way it does to music and literature.
Those who see things differently to others and are confident enough to make their ideas a reality are the ones who
make the greatest changes in the world. Consequently, it is incredibly important that schools do not prevent creativity.
(69) ________________ Students should be taught to ask questions and investigate when things do not make sense. They
need to learn to view mistakes as opportunities for learning rather than something that was unsuccessful.
It is worrying that many schools are less concerned now with nurturing creativity when this is the most important time in
history for it. It used to be that people worked hard, went to university, and got a job. That was it. But now, everyone
works hard, goes to university — and there aren’t the jobs out there that guarantee a safe future. (70) ________________
We can use it to set ourselves apart, and channel it to face the challenges of the future.
答案：67-70 EFBC07. 嘉定区
A. As a result, questions of hunger are largely absent in South African politics.
B. Handling food injustice requires a transformation of the undesirable structure of the food system.
C. Therefore, the government has put forward numerous food and nutrition security programs to fight against hunger.
D. This means that smaller scale producers, processors and retailers are squeezed out.
E. Hunger, lack of nutrition and related illnesses are not equally spread.
F. There are international examples of governments taking their obligations seriously with regard to the right to food.
South Africa still has a long way to go on the right to food
Fifty-four percent of South Africans are hungry or at risk of hunger. Hunger affects people’s health, as well as their
ability to live full and productive lives because the rights to dignity, health and education are affected by hunger.
______67_____ There are significant race, class and gender differences. For example, black South Africans are 22
times more likely to be food insecure compared with white South Africans. Food insecurity is defined as not having
physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food that meets dietary needs and food preferences
for an active and healthy life.
This unequal distribution indicates a situation of severe food injustice in South Africa. Yet from the research with
urban farmers it’s clear that people do not know of the right to food, and don’t see unequal access to nutritious food as an
injustice. ______68_____While there are frequent protests around access to jobs, education, housing, water and
electricity, we rarely, if ever, see protests about access to food.
One of the drivers of unequal access to food is the way in which the industrial food system works. For example, a
few large companies dominate each aspect of the food value chain. ______69_____ Because the large companies
dominate the supply chain, they are able to maximize profits at the expense of small-scale producers, to whom they pay
very low prices.
______70_____It needs to ensure that marginalized producers, processors and retailers have an opportunity to earn
a decent living. At the same time corporate dominance needs to be addressed.
Anyway, at the most basic level, it requires that South Africans know they have a right to food in the first place.
答案：67—70: EADB08. 青浦区
A. Heart failure can by all means be cured by Vitamin D3.
B. Changes in heart function were measured by ultrasound.
C. In the others, who took placebo, there was no change in cardiac function.
D. Participants were asked to take vitamin D3 or a placebo tablet for one year.
E. Sunscreen will prevent people from absorbing more Vitamin D3 to a great extent.
F. The finding could make a significant difference to the care of heart failure patients.
Vitamin D3 Improve Heart Function
A daily dose of vitamin D3 improves heart function in people with heart failure, a five-year University of Leeds
research project has found.
Dr. Klaus Witte, from the School of Medicine and Consultant Cardiologist at Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust,
led the study. He said: “This is a significant breakthrough for patients. It is the first evidence that vitamin D3 can
improve heart function of people with heart muscle weakness –known as heart failure.” __67__
Vitamin D3 can be boosted by exposure to sunlight, but heart failure patients are often deficient in it even during
the summer because older people make less vitamin D3 in response to sunlight than younger people. Vitamin D3
production in the skin is also reduced by sunscreen.
The study, which was funded by the Medical Research Council, involved more than 160 patients from Leeds who
were already being treated for their heart failure using proven treatments including beta — blockers, ACE-inhibitors and
pacemakers. __68__ Those patients who took vitamin D3 experienced an improvement in heart function which was not
seen in those who took a placebo.
__69__ Heart specialists measure heart function by taking an ultrasound scan of the heart and measuring how
much blood pumps from the heart with each heartbeat, known as ejection fraction. The ejection fraction of a healthy
person is usually between 60% and 70%. In heart failure patients, the ejection fraction is often significantly impaired —
in the patients enrolled into the study the average ejection fraction was 26%.
In the 80 patients who took Vitamin D3, the heart’s pumping function improved from 26% to 34%. __70__ This
means that for some heart disease patients, taking vitamin D3 regularly may lessen the need for them to be fitted with an
implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), a device which detects dangerous irregular heart rhythms and can shock the
heart to restore a normal rhythm.
答案：67-70 F D B C09. 杨浦区
A. Those with a slower pace also scored less well in physical exercises such as hand-grip strength and biological
markers of good health.
B. There are already signs in early life of who would become the slowest walkers.
C. In fact, based on a new series of experiments, they now believe the slower a person’s tendency to walk, the less able
their brain.
D. Brain scanning during their final assessment at 45 showed the slower walkers tended to have lower total brain
volume and less brain surface area.
E. Until now, however, no one knew it could signify underlying brain health so much earlier in life.
F. Researchers performed walking speed analysis on hundreds of middle-aged people, comparing their psychological
results.
Slower Walkers Have Slower Minds, Scientists Reveal
Of all human activities, few are so readily credited with enhancing the power of the mind as going for a good walk.
However, those who assume that strolling along at a gentle pace is the symbol of superior intellect should think again,
scientists have said. __________67_________
Doctors have long used walking speed to gain a quick and reliable understanding of older people’s mental
capability, as it is increasingly recognized that pace is associated with not only muscular strength but also the central
nervous system. __________68_________The relationship was so obvious, however, that the US scientists now say
walking tests could be used to provide an early indication of dementia（痴呆）.
Published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, the study revealed an average difference of 16 IQ
points between the slowest and the fastest walkers at the age of 45. This reflected both the participants’ natural walking
speed and the pace they achieved when asked to walk as fast as they could. __________69_________ Actually, slower
walkers were shown to have “speeded aging” on a 19-measure scale devised by researchers, and their lungs, teeth and
immune systems tended to be in worse shape than the people who walked faster.
The 904 New Zealand men and women who were tested at 45 were tracked from the age of three, each undergoing
multiple tests over the years. The long-term data collection enabled researchers to establish that kids with lower IQ
scores, lower linguistic ability and weaker emotional control tended to have slower walking speeds by middle
age.__________70__________.
The research team said genetic factors may explain the link between walking speed, brain capacity and physical
health or that better brain health might promote physical activity, leading to better walking speed. Some of the
differences in health and intellect may be the result of lifestyle choices individuals have made.
答案：67-70 C E A D10. 长宁、金山区
A. So we try to push back the tide and keep up by multi-tasking.
B. No wonder people say they’re too busy to see friends, exercise or sleep.
C. Would it surprise you to hear that we have more leisure time today than ever?
D. How can we learn to spend time in a way that’s more likely to lead to happiness and success?
E. It’s something that economists have been puzzling over and they’ve identified several reasons.
F. Then you will have fewer empty experiences and far more that are worthy of your precious time.
The Fullness of Time
Most of us think we have very little time, but the truth is we actually have a lot—on average, five hours 49 minutes
each day, which means we typically have somewhere between 36 and 40 hours available to be spent every week however
we want. So why don’t we feel time-rich? 67
One is that we earn more, so time feels more expensive. Then there’s the way we’ve come to see busyness as a
status symbol: important people are busy, so we want to be busy, too. Add to that the flood of incoming emails and texts,
along with the endless ocean of possibilities, and it’s easy to see where time goes.
A second factor is the comparison we make between what we can do and what others are doing, making us anxious.
68 This fools us into thinking we’re being more productive with our work time, so we try to do it with our leisure
time, too. When we’re playing with our kids, we check Facebook. When we’re hanging out with one group of friends,
we post pictures to show another. This is something sociologists call ‘polluted time’.
We’re also addicted to our devices. In 2007, the amount of leisure time we spent on devices like smartphones could
be measured in minutes. Now, we spend on average 3.5 hours a day online. 69
You might be wondering why you need help deciding how to spend your free time—after all you know the sort of
things you enjoy, so what could be so difficult? Psychologist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi has a surprising opinion on it.
“The popular assumption is that no skills are involved in enjoying free time, anybody can do it. Yet the evidence
suggests the opposite; free time is more difficult to enjoy than work.” Worryingly, scientists have found that people are
often no happier after a holiday than if they’d never taken one. 70 The question still remains unsettled.
答案：67-70 EABD11. 浦东新区
A. Regrettably, that point has not yet come.
B. Elephant numbers started falling.
C. The existence of even a small legal market increases the opportunities for illegal trade.
D. They point out that they have devoted huge resources to the elephant.
E. In the long run technology can help make trade coexist with conservation.
F. One animal, as so often in the past, will attract much of the attention: the African elephant.
The Ban on Trading Ivory (象牙) is Unfair but Necessary
As in some countries elephant population have recovered, there are competing proposals about how absolute the
ban on elephant trading should be. Countries seeking a modest relaxation have a strong case to make. But it is not strong
enough. The ban must stay.
Understandably, countries that have done a good job protecting their elephants feel this is unfair. 67.
__________________ And the real burden of all this is borne by poor local people who are in competition with wildlife
for resources, and sometimes in conflict with it — elephants can be destructive. People and governments, so the
argument goes, need to have an economic stake (利害关系) in the elephants’ survival. The ivory trade would give them
one.
To understand why these reasonable-sounding proposals should be rejected, consider what has happened to elephant
numbers since some legal trade was authorised, when Botswana, Namibia and South Africa were allowed in 2007 to sell
a fixed amount of ivory to Japan. 68. __________________ A survey conducted in 2014-15 estimated that elephant
numbers had fallen by 30% across 18 countries since 2007.
69. __________________ In better-resourced national parks, drones are used to make it easier for park keepers to
spot illegal hunters. DNA testing of ivory can identify where they came from, and thus whether they are legal. As prices
of the technologies fall and countries get richer, both technologies are likely to spread.
The objection to trade in products of endangered species is not moral. When the world is confident that it will boost
elephant numbers rather than wipe them out, the ivory trade should be encouraged. 70. __________________ And until
it does, the best hope for the elephant—and even more endangered species, such as rhinos (犀牛) — lies not in easing
the ban on trading their products, but in enforcing it better.
答案：67-70 DBEA12. 静安区
A. A technology company wants to buy the rights to use someone’s face for its robots.
B. It just asks people who want to license their face to submit a photo via email for the chance at $130,000.
C. It is a once-in-a-while opportunity for the right person.
D. They also serve a practical purpose．
E. The company is privately-funded.
F. However, ideal candidates will be given the specifics of the project.
Search for a Human Face for Robots
Looking for a $130,000 payday? Geomiq, a British engineering and manufacturing firm is searching for a “kind and
friendly” face to be the face of a robot once it goes into production. “This will entail (需要) the selected person’s face
being reproduced on potentially thousands of versions of the robots worldwide,” Geomiq says in a blog post about the
project.
Robots have been at the forefront of technology for decades, and are widely considered the future of our
technological advancement. With the number of adults over 85 expected to triple by 2050, according to some estimates,
robots designed to keep the elderly company are becoming increasingly common.(67) __________________ They do
things like responding to voice commands, offering proactive (积极主动的) notifications and advice and letting relatives
monitor conditions at home. There is still a long way to go but new robotic products are coming into fruition all the time.
Geomiq says the robot line has been in the works for five years and will result in a companion for seniors.
The designer has noted in an interview with a select press pool that they can’t release too many details at this
stage．(68) __________________ The designer has also stressed that unsuccessful candidates will not be contacted. The
company says the need for anonymity (匿名) is due to the secretive nature of the project. However, it believes the robot
will soon be “readily available” to the public and hopes the campaign will create extra buzz ahead of its eventual release.
“We know that this is an extremely unique request, and signing over the licenses to your face is potentially an extremely
big decision,” Geomiq said.
(69) __________________ The designer has said that the project has been in development for five years, and in that
time frame taken on investment from some independent venture capitals as well as a top fund based in Shanghai. The
company says the robots’ purpose will be to act as a “virtual friend” for elderly people and is set to go into production
next year.
The blog post doesn’t share age or gender parameters (参数). (70) __________________ Candidates who make it to the
next phase will get full details on the project. “The secrecy, ” Geomiq says, “is due to a non-disclosure agreement it’s
signed with the robot’s designer and investors.”
答案：67-70 DFEB13. 闵行区
A. This can affect your work.
B. So how should you motivate yourself?
C. However, this should not discourage you.
D. So why should we try to set specific goals?
E. Without motivation, you can neither set a goal nor reach it.
F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.
Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question: “Should I jump?” This is
what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of the same coin. 67
Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.
68 More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate
yourself, your values, your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires, etc. Only then should you set
your goals.
You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly
related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. 69 So, slow down and
think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity of thoughts can help you move forward.
Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your
beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible. They can change according to circumstances. They also
need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.
Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a Pilot but can’t become one
because your eyesight is not good enough. 70 You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a
fresh goal.
You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome them
without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.
答案：67.E 68. B 69. A 70. C14. 普陀区
A. If the intellectual worth of a college degree can be accurately measured, more people will seek higher
education―and come out better thinkers.
B. Two years before, a nationwide study of college graduates had shown that more than a third had made no significant
gains in such mental abilities during their school years.
C. Despite the success of the experiment, the actual results are frustrating, and mostly confirm earlier studies.
D. Many can’t reason clearly or perform competently in analyzing complex, non-technical problems.
E. Yet like many college teachers in the U.S., the professors remain doubtful that their work as educators can be
measured by a “learning outcome” such as a graduate’s ability to investigate and reason.
F. It is important to identify the common goals of general higher education and translate them into the design of the
learning outcomes assessment.
How Colleges Can Measure Up in Teaching “Critical Thinking”
After becoming president of Purdue University in 2013, Mitch Daniels asked the teaching staff to prove that their
students have actually achieved one of higher education’s most important goals: critical thinking skills. ___67___ Mr.
Daniels needed to justify the high cost of attending Purdue to its students and their families. After all, the percentage of
Americans who say a college degree is “very important” has fallen dramatically in the last 5-6 years.
Purdue now has a pilot test to assess students’ critical thinking skills. ____68____ However, they need not worry so
much. The results of a recent experiment showed that professors could use standard grading scale to measure how well
students did in three key areas: critical thinking, written communication and language literacy.
___ 69____ The organizers of the experiment concluded that far fewer students were achieving at high levels on
critical thinking than they were doing for written communication or language literacy. And that conclusion is based only
on students nearing graduation.
American universities, despite their global reputation for excellence in teaching, have only begun to demonstrate
what they can produce in real-world learning. Knowledge-based degrees are still important, but employers are
demanding advanced thinking skills from college graduates. ____70____
答案：67-70 BECA15. 奉贤区
A.Stephen Hawking’s wheelchair fetched $ 296, 750 at a sale at Christie's in London last November.
B.Yet determining potential values of such objects isn't easy.
C.It was said to be from a tree planted by George Washington at Mount Vernon.
D.The auction result surely drew the attention from both the business and economics worlds.
E.The uniqueness of many of these objects further complicates efforts to put a value on them.
F.Therefore the unique value of many objects proved the worth of collection.
The price of a piece of history
A fresh lemon can be purchased for less than $1. But in 2008, Cowan's Auctions in Cincinnati sold a lemon
blackened with age for $2,350.
What was so special about this lemon? ____67_______ According to a handwritten note in ink attached to a partly
sealed bottle containing the lemon, the fruit was picked in May 1842 by Washington's "old gardener" some 43 years after
the first president's death
Two thousand dollars is a lot to pay for produce, even from the estate of a founding father. This sale, however, just
might be considered a bargain compared with prices paid for other historical collectibles in recent years. ____68______
Collecting a piece of history, or an object associated with a famous person, is not brand new. Ordinary objects with
extraordinary stories have increasingly been coming to auction and achieving high prices, says Thomas Venning,
director of Christie's department of books and manuscripts in London. Prices are being driven up, he says, by collectors
in the U.S. and, increasingly, in Asia. The Hawking wheelchair, for example, was purchased by a private museum in
China.
____69______ For one thing, their history of ownership is both crucial and sometimes difficult to prove.
Photographs of the famous person with the object, as well as documentation (such as letters, diaries or recollections by
acquaintances referring to the object) can also help. ______70_______ To evaluate the value of a Picasso painting, one
can look at recent prices paid for other Picasso paintings of the same period, similar size or style. Finding another recent
sale of a lemon planted by George Washington is a different matter.
Katie Horstman, head of Cowan's American History department, says she could find no comparable items for the
lemon as she prepared the piece for its auction. Ms. Horstman nevertheless eventually arrived at the estimated value at
$3,000 to $4,000, she says, by researching auction records for objects somehow associated with Washington that had
appeared on the market.
Cowans ended up estimating the value of the lemon at $3,000 to $4,000, according to description on its website.
Objects associated with Washington these days, Ms. Horstman says, can sell for anywhere from 1,000 up to tens of
thousands of dollars.
答案：67-70 CABE
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