2020届高三英语一模阅读理解（ABC篇）汇编 含答案

【一模汇编】2020 届高三英语一模 16 区（15 份）阅读理解（ABC 篇）汇编 01. 黄浦区 ( A ) Many of China’s ancient architectural treasures smashed to dust before Lin Huiyin and Liang Sicheng began documenting them in the 1930s. The husband and wife team were among the first preservationists to operate in China, and by far the best known. Their efforts have since inspired generations of people to speak out for architecture threatened by the rush toward development. Becoming China’s best architectural historians was no easy accomplishment. The buildings they wanted to save were centuries old, located in distant parts of the country. In many cases, they had to journey through dangerous conditions in the Chinese countryside to reach them. Exploring China’s remote areas during the 1930s meant traveling muddy, poorly maintained roads by mule (骡子)or on foot. Inns were often dirty, food could be polluted, and there was always risk of violence from rebels, soldiers and robbers. Their greatest discovery was the Temple of Buddha’s Light, in Wutai County, Shanxi Province. The breathtaking wooden temple was built in 857 A.D., making it the oldest building known in China at the time. Liang and Lin crawled into the temple’s most forbidding, forgotten areas to determine its age, including one hideaway inhabited by thousands of bats and millions of bedbugs, covered in dust and littered with dead bats. “In complete darkness and among the awful smell, hardly breathing, with thick masks covering our noses and mouths, we measured, drew, and photographed with flashlights for several hours. When at last we came out to take a breath of fresh air, we found hundreds of bedbugs in our bag. We ourselves had been badly bitten. Yet the importance and unexpectedness of our find made those the happiest hours of my years hunting for ancient architecture.” Liang wrote of the experience in an account included in “Liang and Lin: Partners in Exploring China’s Architectural Past.” 56. On their way to the ancient buildings in 1930s, Liang and Lin faced following risks EXCEPT ________. A. accommodations B. personal security C. road conditions D. vehicles 57. Liang and Lin raised public awareness of _____. A. documenting smashed historical buildings B. rebuilding historically valuable buildings C. saving the oldest temples in China D. protecting historical buildings 58. While exploring the Temple of Buddha’s Light, __________. A. Liang and Lin caught insects with awful smell B. Liang and Lin were forbidden to breathe inside C. Liang and Lin were pleased at something unhoped for D. Liang and Lin determined its age by studying bedbugs’ hideaway 59. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Creativeness results in discovery B. Difficulty produces achievement C. Efforts contribute to happiness D. Responsibilities make development( B ) HP ENVY Photo 7155 All-in-One Printer Special offers: Free shipping! ● Print, Scan, Copy, Web, Photo ● Print speed ISO: Up to 14 ppm black, up to 9 ppm color ● Go from memory card to photo printout with ease ● Instant Ink ready; High yield ink available ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ $179.99 $99.99 Ships within 1 business day Product #K7G93A#B1H For expert advice, price matching, or help with orders, call 1-866-625-6132. Protect your Device ●1-Year Standard Warranty Included with an HP Care Pack ○2 Year Next Day Exchange ENVY 5055, 6255, 7155 $18.00 HP Recommends ○3 Year Next Day Exchange ENVY 5055, 6255, 7155 $25.00 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Features Specs Ink & Paper Support Special offers Reviews Get true-to-life photos and increased adaptability. Produce true colors, and set up, connect, and print right from your mobile device. Go from memory card to photo printout with ease. HP Photo and Document All-in-One Printers are designed for families and other home users who want a device capable of printing everything from documents, emails and web pages to rich, bright lab-quality photos—with copy and scan tools too. Active security enabled printer. Intended to be used with containers using only HP original electronic electrical system. Containers with modified or non-HP electronic circuitry may not work, and those that work today may not work in the future. Twice as many photos Print up to twice as many pages with Original HP high-yield ink containers. HP 64 ink containers deliver true colors so all your prints will shine. Create splendid borderless photos and leaflets—right in your home. The power of your printer in your hand Printing photos just got easier – from social media, the cloud, and your camera-roll gallery. Amazing scanning, now on your smartphone. Scan and share to email or the cloud – from virtually anywhere. Ordering ink has never been easier – directly through the app. Easily print photos and everyday documents directly from your smartphone or tablet. A new level of wireless connectivity you can count on Get simple Wi-Fi® setup in minutes, and start printing fast. Return & exchange information HP. com will accept returns or exchanges for this product up to 30 days after delivery. A restocking fee may apply. 60. Which statement is true of this type of printer? A. It is a portable printer designed for home and office use. B. It is a multi-function printer producing high-quality photos. C. It is an easy-operation printer with a two-year free care pack. D. It is a wireless-connected printer protected by modified containers. 61. Which of the following words best describe its “ink container”? A. Adaptable. B. Automatic. C. Cost-effective. D. Eco-friendly. 62. If you order this type of printer online today, ___________. A. you will receive it tomorrow B. you can return it without being charged C. you can get a care pack on discount D. you can save﹩80 Add to cart( C ) ①Risk is something we face daily. However, some people are obviously more willing to take risks than others. ②Biologists appear to have discovered a physical reason that explains why some people are risk-takers. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter, a chemical that spreads signals between nerve cells. It is linked to the brains reward system and is the chemical that makes us feel good, and scientists believe it to be linked to risk-taking. Our nerve cells have dopamine receptors (接收器) which control the amount of dopamine that each cell receives. But not all receptors may be active. When a person has few active receptors to control the amount of dopamine that is received, a cell can become flooded resulting in an extreme feeling of happiness. ③ Researchers at Vanderbilt University and Albert Einstein College of Medicine asked 34 men and women to complete a questionnaire about their risk taking to assess whether they seek new opportunities or are cautious in life. The results of the research were consistent with similar studies carried out with rats, and had the same outcome. It concluded that people who are risk-takers have fewer dopamine receptors than people who are not. This suggests that the rush of pleasure a risk taker receives when a cell becomes flooded with dopamine can become addictive for some people. They therefore pursue new and exciting activities in order to try to repeat this feeling, and as a result their concern for risk becomes considerably reduced. ④Dopamine gives us a biological reason for risk-taking, but scientists believe there may be psychological reasons too. Sensation-seeking is a personality characteristic that describes the desire to find activities that bring us pleasure. In 1964, psychologist Marvin Zuckerman created the sensation-seeking scale. His 40-item questionnaire, still used today, was given to people who were active in seeking new activities, and to people who were more satisfied with a quiet life. While risk-taking is not a characteristic in itself, it is very much associated with sensation-seeking, as a high sensation-seeker does not evaluate risk in the same way that a low sensation-seeker does. A desire to achieve pleasure means that there is a greater willingness to take more risks. ⑤There are both biological and psychological explanations as to why some people may choose to take more risks than others. However, none of these explanations are definitive. 63. If a person has fewer active dopamine receptors, __________. A. he is less likely to feel happy B. he is more willing to take risks C. he will eventually become dopamine-addictive D. he is poorer at controlling the amount of dopamine 64. The underlined phrase “consistent with” is closest to “__________” in meaning. A. contrary to B. in agreement with C. at the cost of D. persistent in 65. What can be concluded from paragraph 4? A. The longing for pleasure may lead to risk taking. B. A willingness to take more risks can be cultivated. C. The sensation-seeking scale can help to evaluate risk. D. High sensation-seekers are more common than low ones. 66. This passage mainly talks about __________. A. when we learn to take risks B. how risk-taking benefits us C. what makes risk-takers D. why we should take risks 答案：56-59 DDCB 60-62BCD 63-66BBAC02. 宝山区 (A) Wild Track is an organization that aims to protect endangered animals like rhinos. They use a computer program that runs photos of animal tracks through an algorithm (演算法). Then the program makes the same observations as a tracker would, allowing scientists to know where individual animals go. However, the program itself needs “training”. It starts with collecting good photos of prints from endangered animals in captivity (圈养). As people send in photos of tracks from animals in the wild, the FIT program can compare it to tracks from animals it “knows.” As the program becomes more accurate, Wild Track hopes it will become a major tool for monitoring any endangered species. Anyone can help Wild Track by taking images of tracks and sending them to a partner organization called naturalist.org. The only tool you need is a digital camera or cellphone. After finding a clear track, place one ruler along the bottom of the footprint and another along the left side. Below the footprint, place a note containing your exact name and the date. Holding the camera or cellphone directly above the track, take a photo showing the footprint, rulers and note. Later, visit inaturalist.org and follow the instructions on the site to send your photo. Wild Track needs photos of footprints made not only by animals in captivity but also those living in the wild. In wild places, you should take care not to disturb animals in their natural environment. If you intend to photograph in a wild area that is unknown to you, then you should not go there alone. Instead, go with someone who is familiar with the region and experienced at tracking. 56. How does the writer begin this article about WildTrack? A. By discussing the software that it employs B. By praising its recent efforts to raise funds C. By explaining how and when it was founded D. By summarizing different opinions about it 57. According to this article, which animals are WildTrack mainly interested in? A. Those which cause a threat to human settlements B. Those which are now at risk of becoming extinct C. Those which have been illegally kept as pets D. Those which disappeared from the Earth long ago 58. What does this article talk about in detail? A. A list of locations worth exploring B. A strategy for acquiring equipment C. A warning not to engage in hunting D. A technique containing several steps 59. What does the article suggest doing in wild areas? A. Admiring the wild landscape B. Preparing well for wild weather C. Leaving wild creatures alone D. Consuming a diet of wild plants(B) Science fiction paints a future where robots play an important part in everyday life. A technology firm is trying to make that future a reality today with an affordable robot called Artibo. Artibo is small. Its brain, or Al block, is a cube ( 立方体) that fits in your hand. That block connects to a motor block and two silicon wheels. Assembled, it’s about four inches tall. Artibo is much more than just a robot that you program to move around. Artibo’s designers want it to provide companionship and be a resource for learning coding. With its camera, microphone and connection to a cloud-based Al, it can respond to voice commands or function like a walkie-talkie (对讲机). It talks like a chatbot and can tell bedtime stories. It can even help you learn other languages! Artibo isn’t quite ready for stores yet, though. It’s part of a crowdfunding project. Crowdfunding is a program where you put a request online to a crowd of people. Supporters can then pay large or small amounts to help you finish a project. Artibo will first be available to people who have paid to help bring it into production. Using computer code to program your own toys is nothing new. LEGO first released a robot kit in 1998. Since then, programmable robots have become one of the best-selling units in the LEGC product line. Programming robots might sound comparable to rocket science, but anyone can program one using nothing more than a tablet or a smartphone and code blocks. Code blocks allow you to program simple or complex commands by assembling visual blocks of code on the canvas (画布) of a computer screen. Just drag and drop a variety of code blocks from a programming menu, link them together, and watch how your robot responds. In Artibo’s case coding doesn’t stop there. Unlike other similar programmable toys, Artibo will also allow you to write your own code. So as your familiarity with coding increases, you won’t lose interest in Artibo. 60. According to the passage, the purpose of developing Artibo is ______. A. helping people learn anything they want and providing companionship B. providing a robot that can move, accompany and help people learn coding C. chatting with people, telling bedtime stories and supplying languages D. helping people raise money on line and creating programmable robots 61. What can be concluded from the passage? A. Programming robots is not really complicated. B. Programming robots is advanced like a rocket. C. Programming robots can be used in smartphones. D. Programming robots used in toys is not new at all. 62. The passage implies that ______. A. People can programme various orders even without code blocks B. Anyone can control Artibo freely unlike other programming toys C. The more familiar you’re with coding, the more you’ll like Artibo D. Artibo is popular in the world especially among young people(C) 5G, the fifth generation of wireless, promises lightning-fast download speeds and could lay the foundation for high-tech advancements like self-driving cars. But like many new technologies, it's causing concern about potential health issues. The first generation of wireless introduced mobile phones, and 2G brought texting. 3G laid the groundwork for smartphones, and 4G allowed video streaming and more. 5G is expected to download data 20 times faster than its predecessor (前任), and some experts argue it could be much faster. Too much of a good thing? It’s not just about streaming data faster, it’s about streaming more of it. On a 5G network, a user can download a movie instantly, and data will flow between connected objects without delay. The amount of data people use on mobile devices has gone up 40 times since 2010 and is only expected to increase. 5G networks are wireless companies’ attempts to satisfy that demand. Uncertain effects The untested nature of 5G, and the extensiveness of its infrastructure ( 基 础 设 施 ), has some worried that the increased exposure could have serious health effects. Wireless safety advocates (倡议人士) have called for more studies on the effects of the exposure, and one group is trying to stop the installment of 5G networks in Chicago’s neighborhoods. The federal government has safety rules that wireless companies must obey that limit human exposure to radio waves, including frequencies used with 5G. Wireless industry association CTIA says typical exposure to 5G infrastructure is comparable to Bluetooth devices and baby monitors, and there is no scientific evidence of negative health effects. Still, assurances from government agencies and industry operators are not enough for Chicago resident Judy Blake. Additional studies on 5G’s health impacts likely wouldn’t soothe her either. She said, “People can’t choose whether or not to be exposed to this radiation.” “I don’t need another test. The only test that’s going to happen now is people’s lives, ”said Blake, 67. Only time will tell? Though little is known about the long-term health impact of the millimeter waves that 5G operates on, some research has shown short-term exposure could be problematic, said Joel Moskowitz, a public health expert at the University of California at Berkeley. The eyes and sweat glands (腺体) are among several body parts studies have shown could be at risk, Moskowitz said. Insects and plant life could also be affected, he added. The millimeter waves used in 5G are absorbed by the upper layers of skin, potentially causing the temperature of the skin to rise, said Suresh Borkar, senior lecturer in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the Illinois Institute of Technology. The effects of extended rises in skin temperature “become a big unknown,” he said. This isn’t the first time people will come into contact with millimeter waves: They’re also used in airport body scanners, said Lav Varshney, assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Still, it’s the first time the high-frequency waves will be used on such a scale, and concerns surrounding new technologies are common throughout history. “When cars first started replacing horse-drawn carriages, people were afraid of what the health impacts of traveling at high speeds would be,” Varshney said. “There has always been occurrence of this fear.” 63. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. 5G is faster but not safe to human beings. B. 5G features faster and more in transferring. C. 5G can meet people’s any demand in theory. D. 5G just makes little impact on people’s health. 64. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Millimeter waves certainly affect people’s health seriously. B. Millimeter waves will cause the skin’s temperature to rise. C. It’s obvious that many scientists object to 5G technology. D. It’s hard to say whether millimeter waves do damage to health. 65. The word soothe in the last but 7 paragraphs most probably means ______. A. to make somebody feel calm or less worried. B. to make somebody feel happy or more excited. C. to make somebody feel disappointed or less satisfactory. D. to make somebody feel inspired or more energetic. 66. The best title for this passage is ______. A. 5G’s Advantages and Disadvantages B. The Development of Wireless C. 5G Health Concern D. 5G Future Prediction 答案：56-59 ABDC 60-62 BAC 63-66 BDAC03. 崇明区 (A) Every year, the Palace of Fine Arts Theatre in San Francisco fills up with dance lovers. They come to take in experimental works of art that all have one thing in common—hip hop. This weekend the San Francisco International Hip Hop DanceFest celebrates 20 years of presenting electrifying hip hop performances. Each DanceFest has diversity (多样化) of style and group size, and a balance of local and out-of-town companies. From Vietnam to Brazil to Uganda to the Czech Republic, the festival has drawn impressive international talent. After a long process, only the most exceptional companies are flown in for DanceFest. In fact, outstanding technical dance skills are only a basic standard that the festival organizers are looking for. They look for much more—groups or artists that think outside the box. Artists that use hip hop in a theatrical way or to address social issues are sure to stand out. For instance, the 2010 performance “Tables and Chairs” served to underline the negative effects of alcoholism on society. It would be terribly irresponsible not to mention the founder, Micaya, in any introduction to DanceFest. A popular hip hop dance instructor, Micaya began producing high energy dance shows in the heart of San Francisco in 1993. Students of all ages and backgrounds love her classes so much that a San Francisco newspaper once described her as “Best Dance Instructor”. However, Micaya was concerned about the then dubious reputation of hip hop. She made it her goal to get hip hop the same recognition and respect as other dance forms. In 1999 she started DanceFest. It was the first festival of its kind to honor the creativity of hip hop dance in a non-competitive atmosphere. To Micaya, competitive rules leave little room for the magic that comes from true expression. One review said, Micaya’s festival challenges us “to reconsider just how diverse and embracing hip hop can now be.” Indeed, Micaya brings out the best in dancers, and has given San Francisco one of its finest festivals. 56. What is the passage mainly about? A. The creativity of hip hop. B. The characteristics and the history of DanceFest. C. The best instructor of hip hop. D. The unique rules and the challenge of DanceFest. 57. Hip hop dancers are more likely to be chosen for Dancefest if they can not only dance skillfully but also _____. A. dance on the outside of the box B. give up drinking alcohol before dancing C. handle social problems with their dance D. show their technical dance skills in theaters 58. By “dubious reputation” in the last paragraph, the author means hip hop _____ back then. A. was forbidden in public B. was considered something bad C. received too much attention D. lacked creativity and competition 59. What can be concluded about DanceFest? A. It is a competition for hip hop dancers. B. It is a dance festival for various dance forms. C. It is successful in popularizing hip hop. D. It is better respected than other dance festivals.(B) 1. Admission and School Policies The enrolment of a prospective pupil to the School is subject to the School’s Admissions and Entry policies and other policies and procedures (including those relating to discipline and curriculum) as modified by the School from time to time. 2. Withdrawal by Parent / Guardian Parents / Guardians shall give a minimum of 6 weeks written notice of withdrawal from the School. Notice received during a school holiday will be considered to have been received on the first day of the following session. 4. Fees School Fees are listed on the Fee Schedule and subject to variation from time to time. A full term’s tuition is payable for any term during which the pupil is in attendance irrespective of the number of days attended. If tuition fees have not been paid, they shall remain due and payable and the Refundable Deposit shall be used to pay the tuition fees and the parents / guardians remain responsible for the rest. The School reserves the right to exclude a pupil where tuition or other fees are not paid in full by the due date. The School may also keep back any information, pupil reports or property in such circumstances. 3. Refundable Deposit On the offer of a place at the School, the Refundable Deposit becomes payable. This is to secure enrolment at the School until the termly or annual fees have been paid. The Refundable Deposit is refundable, and shall be without interest and without taking into account changes in exchange rates. 5. Termination by the school The School may terminate this agreement when permanent exclusion or removal is required. The School shall not take such action without good cause and full consultation with parents / guardians and the pupil. Parents / guardians have the right to appeal to the Orbital Education International Schools Development Officer on a decision to permanently exclude a pupil. 60. The passage can most probably be found in the part “_____” in a school’s admissions booklet. A. Application Procedures B. Terms and Conditions C. Frequently Asked Questions D. Acknowledgement and Declaration 61. What can be learned about tuition fees? A. Tuition fees are usually paid after pupils get their school reports. B. Tuition fees can be paid according to the number of days attended. C. The refundable deposit can be used to pay the tuition after the due date. D. A pupil may be removed from school if part of his tuition fees is overdue. 62. It can be inferred from the passage that _____. A. a pupil can withdraw from the school as soon as his guardian gives a written notice B. the refundable deposit should be paid after the pupil begins study in the school C. both the school and the guardian can determine the pupil’s place in the school D. the school’s admissions and entry policies remain the same all these years(C) Data centres and smartphones will be the most damaging information and communications technologies (ICT) to the environment by 2040, according to new research from W Booth School’s Lotfi Belkhir. At the end of winter term in 2014, Lotfi Belkhir was approached by a student taking his Total Sustainability and Management course who asked, “What does software sustainability mean?” The Entrepreneurship and Innovation Associate Professor at the W Booth School of Engineering Practice and Technology didn’t have an answer. Belkhir teaches students to think creatively about sustainability tools that can be applied to their ventures. But his tools, at the time, mainly applied to hardware, not software. The student’s question inspired Belkhir’s latest research on the global emissions footprint of information and communications technology. Belkhir, along with Ahmed Elmeligi, a recent W Booth graduate and co-founder of HiNT (Healthcare Innovation in Neuro Technology), studied the carbon footprint of consumer devices such as smartphones, laptops, tablets, desktops as well as data centres and communication networks as early as 2005. Their findings were published in the Journal of Cleaner Production. Not only did they discover that software is driving the consumption of ICT, they also found that ICT has a greater impact on emissions than we thought and most emissions come from production and operation. “For every text message, for every phone call, every video you upload or download, there’s a data centre making this happen.” Belkhir explains. “Telecommunications networks and data centres consume a lot of energy to serve you and most data centres continue to be powered by electricity produced by traditional fuels. It’s the energy consumption we don’t see.” Among all the devices, trends suggest that by 2020, the most damaging devices to the environment are smartphones. While smartphones consume little energy to operate, 85% of their emissions impact comes from production. A smartphone’s chip and motherboard (芯片和主板) require the most amount of energy to produce as they are made up of precious metals that are mined at a high cost. Smartphones also have a short life which drives further production of new models and an extraordinary amount of waste. Belkir has made policy recommendations based on his findings. “Communication and data centres have to go under renewable energy now. The good news is Google and Facebook data centres are going to run on renewable energy. But there needs to be a policy in place so that all data centres follow. Also, it’s not sustainable to have a two-year plan for smartphones.” 63. The story between Lotfi Belkhir and his student in 2014 was mentioned to _____. A. explain the importance of software sustainability B. illustrate the inspiration for Belkhir’s latest research C. reveal the damaging impact of ICT on the environment D. show Belkhir’s student’s creativity and critical thinking 64. One reason why smartphones may be the most damaging devices of all to the environment by 2020 is that _____. A. they are more precious than other devices B. they drive the greatest consumption of ICT C. they are frequently replaced by new models D. they need large amounts of energy to operate 65. To reduce the emission of ICT, Lotfi Belkhir suggests that _____. A. longer plans be made to create renewable data centres B. sustainable materials be invented to produce smartphones C. policies be established to advocate everlasting smartphones D. green energy be used to operate communication and data centres 66. What is the main idea of the passage? A. ICT does greater harm to the environment than thought. B. Software can do irreversible damage to the environment. C. Software is more damaging to the environment than hardware. D. ICT will have the greatest impact on the environment by 2040. 答案：56. B 57. C 58. B 59. C 60. B 61. D 62. C 63. B 64. C 65. D 66. A04. 松江区 (A) For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative. “It’s no secret that China has always been a source of inspiration for designers,” says Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at A+E Networks, a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion shows. Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics (美学) on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences. “China is impossible to overlook,” says Hill. “Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion – they are central to its movement.” Of course, not only are today’s top Western designers being influenced by China, but some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese. “Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galliano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs – and beating them hands down in design and sales,” adds Hill. For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion. “The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers,” she says, “China is no longer just another market; in many senses it has become the market. If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about China – its influences, its directions, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways.” 56. What can we learn about the exhibition in New York? A. It promoted the sales of artworks. B. It attracted a large number of visitors. C. It showed ancient Chinese clothes. D. It aimed to introduce Chinese models. 57. What does Hill say about Chinese women? A. They do business all over the world. B. They admire super models. C. They start many fashion campaigns. D. They are setting the fashion. 58. The underlined phrase “taking on” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to __________. A. competing against B. learning from C. working with D. looking down on 59. Which of the following is the most suitable title for the text? A. A Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New York B. Young Models Selling Dreams to the World C. Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends D. Differences Between Eastern and Western Aesthetics (B) Comments on the March Issue of Reader’s Digest 40 Smart Ways to Save at the Supermarket Your caution not to fall for fake sales reminded me of the days when I was a stock boy at my neighborhood grocery in the 1950s. One time, we got a delivery of off-brand vegetables. I priced them at ten cents a can. I don’t think we sold more than six cans – until I put up a sign that said “Special: Nine for $1.” I set them out Thursday evening, and by noon on Saturday they were gone. EDWARD DECKERD, Perryville, Missouri Bill’s Last, Best Gift Tracy Grant’s article resonated (引起共鸣) deeply with me. Twelve years ago, my husband, Don, was found to have terminal brain cancer. As his caregiver, I, too, learned to appreciate the people and things around me and not to sweat the small stuff, and in the long run, I became a much better person. Don also gave me his last, best gift of love and peace. ANITA LAWRENCE, Diego，California Trapped Inside a Glacier Reading about John All’s experience on Mount Himlung was very inspiring to me. A man with 15 broken bones and bleeding internally being able to climb up a 70-foot wall of ice and survive for 18 hours at 20,000 feet is something that I would have thought to be impossible. I am 16 years old and a lifelong reader. Out of all the great content in Reader’s Digest, stories like his are the ones I enjoy the most. SAM KIEFFER, Richardson, Texas Dishes Professional Chefs Cook in the Microwave Microwaving live lobsters is cruel. Because lobsters feel pain, Switzerland has recently outlawed the practice of boiling them alive. A similar law was passed in Italy, where it is now illegal to put lobsters on ice before cooking them. I hope you provide an update to your story promoting humane ( 人 道 的 ) practices instead of very cruel and violent ones. JANET TOOLE, Phoenixville, Pennsylvania 60. What happened to Anita Lawrence after her husband’s diagnosis? A. She felt very painful. B. She gained some life lessons. C. She paid more attention to her own health. D. She showed deep sympathy for her husband. 61. According to Sam Kieffer’s letter, what can we learn about John All? A. He is an expert in mountaineering. B. He wrote the article entitled Trapped Inside a Glacier. C. Few people could survive in the same situation as he did. D. His story is the best one that Sam Kieffer has ever read in Reader’s Digest. 62. In her letter, Janet Toole quoted two examples of Switzerland and Italy in order to __________. A. advise chefs to stop cooking live lobsters B. show how cruel it is to cook lobsters live C. raise chefs’ awareness of protecting animals D. share with readers these countries’ laws regarding cooking(C) The newspaper must provide for the reader the facts, pure, unprejudiced, objectively selected facts. But in these days of complex news it must provide more: it must supply interpretation, the meaning of the facts. This is a very important assignment facing American journalists – to make clear to the reader the problems of the day, to make international news understandable as community news, to recognize that there is no longer any such thing as “local” news, because any event in the international area has a local reaction in the financial market, political circles, in terms, indeed, of our very way of life. There is in journalism a widespread view that when you start an interpretation, you are entering dangerous waters, the rushing tides of opinion. This is nonsense. The opponents of interpretation insist that the writer and the editor shall limit themselves to the “facts”. This insistence raises two questions: What are the facts? Are the bare facts enough? As for the first question, consider how a so-called “factual” story comes about. The reporter collects, say, fifty facts; out of these fifty, his space being necessarily restricted, he selects the ten which he considers most important. This is Judgment Number One. Then he or his editor decides which of these ten facts shall make up the beginning of the article, which is an important decision because many readers do not proceed beyond the first paragraph. This is Judgment Number Two. Then the night editor determines whether the article shall be presented on page one, where it has a large influence, or on page twenty four, where it has little. Judgment Number Three. Thus in the presentation of a so-called “factual” or “objective” story, at least three judgments are involved. And they are judgments not at all unlike those involved in interpretation, in which reporters and editors, calling upon their research resources, their general background, and their “news neutralism”, arrive at a conclusion as to the significance of the news. The two areas of judgment, presentation of the news and its interpretation, are both objective and subjective processes. If an editor is determined to give a prejudiced view of the news, he can do it in other ways and more effectively than by interpretation. He can do it by the selection of those facts that support his particular viewpoint. Or he can do it by the place he gives a story – promoting it to page one or dragging it to page thirty. 63. According to the first paragraph, which of the following statements is TRUE? A. If a reporter makes clear the facts he writes, he will no doubt get into trouble. B. Journalists must select facts objectively to make current events clear to the readers. C. The most important task of reporters is to provide unprejudiced facts for the readers. D. For reporters, interpretation of facts is no less important than presentation of the facts. 64. The beginning of the article should present the most important fact because __________. A. it will influence the reader to continue B. most readers read only the first paragraph C. it details the general attitude of the writer D. it’s the best way to write according to the schools of journalism 65. Where a story is presented in a newspaper shows __________. A. the editor’s prejudice B. the reporter’s background C. the story’s factual matter D. the story’s effect on the readers 66. Which of the following can best express the author’s attitude toward objectiveness? 　 A. Objectiveness is controlled by editors rather than writers. B. Properly choosing facts prepares a solid ground for objectiveness. C. He doesn’t think there exists complete objectiveness in news writing. D. To make clear the news is a way to be objective and responsible for the readers. 答案：(A) 56----59 BDAC (B) 60----62 BCA (C) 63----66 DBDC05. 虹口区 (A) People worry that developments in Artificial Intelligence, or A.I., will bring about a point in history when A.I. overtakes human intelligence, leading to an unimaginable revolution in human affairs. Or they wonder whether instead of our controlling artificial intelligence, it will control us. The situation may not arise for hundreds of years to come, but this doesn’t mean we have nothing to worry about. On the contrary, The A.I. products that now exist are improving faster than most people realize and promise to fundamentally transform our world, not always for the better. They are only tools, not a competing form of intelligence. But they will reshape what work means and how wealth is created. Unlike the Industrial Revolution and the Computer Revolution, the A.I. revolution is not taking certain jobs and replacing them with other jobs. Instead, it is believed to cause a wide-scale elimination of jobs — mostly lower-paying jobs, but some higher-paying ones, too. This transformation will result in enormous profits for the companies that develop A.I., as well as for the companies that adopt it. We are thus facing two developments that do not sit easily together: enormous wealth concentrated in relatively few hands and enormous numbers of people out of work. What is to be done? Part of the answer will involve educating or retraining people in tasks A.I. tools aren’t good at. Artificial intelligence is poorly suited for jobs involving creativity, planning and “cross-field” thinking. But these skills are typically required by high-paying jobs that may be hard to retrain displaced workers to do. More promising are lower-paying jobs involving the “people skills” that A.I. lacks: social workers, barmen, doormen — professions requiring human interaction. But how many barmen does a society really need? The solution to the problem of mass unemployment will involve “service jobs of love.” These are jobs that A.I. cannot do, that society needs and that give people a sense of purpose. Examples include accompanying an older person to visit a doctor, helping at an orphanage and serving as a sponsor at charity organization. The volunteer service jobs of today, in other words, may turn into the real jobs of the future. Other volunteer jobs may be higher-paying and professional, such as compassionate medical service providers. In all cases, people will be able to choose to work fewer hours than they do now. 56. In what aspect is the A.I. revolution different from the Industrial or the Computer revolution? A. The A.I. revolution will finally become one beyond human’s control. B. A.I. is believed to lead to a point in history when it takes over human intelligence. C. Higher-paying jobs will take the place of lower-paying ones in the A.I. revolution. D. It may bring about mass unemployment no matter how much employees are paid. 57. The underlined word “promising” in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to ______. A. promotional B. demanding C. guaranteed D. potential 58. What does the author suggest in the face of the A.I. revolution? A. It is sensible to encourage people to take volunteer jobs. B. People should be instructed to do less demanding jobs. C. The problem of job loss can be solved by creating lower-paying jobs. D. Jobs requiring knowledge in different fields are suitable for displaced workers. 59. Which of the following may serve as the best title of the passage? A. The A.I. Revolution Creates New Job Opportunities. B. Challenges the A.I. Revolution Brings to Job Market C. A Double-edged Sword: the A.I. Revolution D. Interrelationship between A.I. and Unemployment(B) 60. How much will you pay if you want to buy a pair of HCR3 hearing aids? A. $229 B. $249 C. $458 D. $498 61. Which of the following features can be added to the section “HCR3 Features”? ① Built-in programs for different listening situations. ② Easy access to changing batteries. ③ Digital sound processing chip. ④ Simple adjustments without professional help. A. ①③ B. ①③④ C. ②③④ D. ①②③ 62. One reason why buying a pair of hearing aids is recommended is that ______. A. the HCR3 guarantees 100% refund if bought in pairs. B. it will save consumers up to $20 for a pair of hearing aids. C. humans are pre-programmed to better hear with two ears. D. people can hear triple better in various situations with two hearing aids.(C) For several decades, there has been an extensive and organized campaign intended to generate distrust in science, funded by regulated industries and libertarianthink tanks(自由主义智囊团) whose interests and beliefs are threatened by the findings of modern science. In response, scientists have tended to stress the success of science. After all, scientists have been right about most things, from the structure of the universe to the relativity of time and space. Quoting successes isn’t wrong, but for many people it’s not persuasive. What is typically declared to be the scientific method—develop a supposition, then design an experiment to test it—isn’t what scientists actually do. Science is active so that new methods get invented and old ones get abandoned. The scientific method doesn’t always work. False theories can produce true results, so even if an experiment works, it doesn’t prove that the theory it was designed to test is true. If there is no identifiable scientific method, then what is the guarantee for trust in science? The answer is the methods by which those claims are evaluated. A scientific claim is never accepted as true until it has gone through a long process of examination by fellow scientists. Until this point, scientific feedback is typically fairly friendly. But the next step is different: once the paper is ready, it is presented to a scientific journal, where things get a whole lot tougher. Editors deliberately send scientific papers to people who are not friends or colleagues of the authors, and the job of the reviewer is to find errors or other inadequacies. We call this process“peer review” because the reviewers are scientific peers but they act in the role of a superior who has both the right and the obligation to find fault. It is only after the reviewers and the editor are satisfied that any problems have been fixed that the paper is accepted for publication and enters the body of “science.” Does this process ever go wrong? Of course. Scientists are human. But if we look carefully at historical cases where science went wrong, typically there was no agreement reached by all. Some people argue that we should not trust science because scientists are “always changing their minds.” While examples of truly settled science being overturned are far fewer than is sometimes claimed, they do exist. But the beauty of this scientific process is that it explains what might otherwise appear paradoxical(矛盾的): that science produces both novelty(新颖性) and stability. New observations, ideas, interpretations introduce novelty; transformative questioning leads to collective decisions and the stability of scientific knowledge. Scientists do change their minds in the face of new evidence, but this is a strength of science, not a weakness. 63. Distrust in science has been found because ______. A. scientists’ citing successes isn’t persuasive for many people to some extent B.most scientists have tended to lay too much emphasis on the success of science C.a wide-ranging and organized campaign has been founded in some industries and think tanks D. someone’s benefits and beliefs are endangered by the findings of modern science 64. Which of the following statements will the author agree with about a scientific method? A. A scientific method doesn’t necessarily take effect because science is changing. B.A scientific method is not right because it isn’t what scientists actually do. C.A successful experiment can guarantee the truthfulness of a claim by a scientific method. D. True theories can produce false results because the scientific method doesn’t work. 65. What purpose does “peer review” in evaluating a scientific claim mainly serve? A. The scientific claim can be completely accepted by the reviewers in the same field. B.The scientific peers can draw right conclusions by finding its faults or other inadequacies. C.The scientific claim can be published and recognized as true in science. D. The scientific paper can be successfully submitted to a scientific journal. 66. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ______. A. Not all the claims about the falsehood of well-established science lead to its being overturned B.It is inevitable that science sometimes goes wrong because it appears paradoxical C.The beauty of science lies in the paradox of being both novel and stable D. Science is not trustful because scientists always change their minds 答案：56-59: DDAB 60-62: CBC 63-66: DACA06. 徐汇区 (A) Agnes de Mille was a dancer and a choreographer ( 编 舞 ). Early in her career, de Mille had created the choreography for a ballet called Three Virgins and a Devil. She thought it was good work, but nobody made much of it. A few years later, de Mille choreographed a ballet named Rodeo. Again, she thought her work was solid, but it resulted in little commercial fame. Then, in 1943, de Mille choreographed Oklahoma!, a musical show that enjoyed nearly instant success. In the coming years, Oklahoma! would run for an incredible 2,212 performances, both around the nation and abroad. In 1955, the film version won an Academy Award. But the success of Oklahoma! didn’t bring her much happiness. She thought that her work on Oklahoma! was only average compared to some of her other creations. She later said, “After the opening of Oklahoma!, I suddenly had unexpected success for a work I thought was only fairly good, after years of neglect for work I thought was fine. I began to think that perhaps my entire scale of values was untrustworthy. I talked to Martha.” Martha was Martha Graham, perhaps the most influential dance choreographer of the 20th century. (Although not as well-known by the general public, Graham has been compared to other creative geniuses like Picasso or Frank Lloyd Wright.) During their conversation, de Mille told Martha Graham about her frustration. “I confessed that I had a burning desire to be excellent, but no faith that I could be.” Graham responded by saying, “There is a vitality, a life force, an energy, a quickening that is translated through you into action, and because there is only one of you in all of time, this expression is unique. And if you block it, it will never exist through any other medium and it will be lost. The world will not have it. It is not your business to determine how good it is nor how valuable nor how it compares with other expressions. It is your business to keep it yours clearly and directly, to keep the channel open.” 56. What can be learned about de Mille’s ballet named Rodeo? A. It earned her a large fortune. B. It made her rise to fame overnight. C. It didn’t enjoy much success. D. It laid a solid foundation for her career. 57. How did de Mille feel about the great success of the musical Oklahoma!? A. Relieved. B. Ashamed. C. Confused. D. Proud. 58. Picasso and Frank Lloyd Wright were mentioned in the passage to suggest that Martha Graham ___________. A. was outstanding in visual arts and architecture B. enjoyed the same popularity as them C. had been influenced greatly by them D. was the most influential artist in her field 59. Which of the following statements best represents Graham’s words in this passage? A. Comparing with others prevents you from maintaining uniqueness. B. You should always keep yourself open to the urges that motivate you. C. Your action reveals the inner landscape, which is the soul of music. D. Choosing to be positive is going to determine how you live your life.(B) Shipping containers are gaining popularity as an alternative to traditional houses. These 20-or 40-foot containers can be obtained for a little as several hundred US dollars apiece, and it’s not surprising that some industry professionals and even city planners consider them the future of home building. Below are details of some amazing homes made out of shipping containers. London Container City(I and II) London’s Container City first sprang up in the heart of the docklands in 2001. It took just five months to complete the original 12 work studios. Shortly after that, a fourth floor of studios and living apartments was built on top of these. The first container city was so successful that another — Container City II — was added to it. Los Angeles Redondo Beach house With its modern lines and appealing spaces, the award-winning Redondo Beach House is a luxury beachside showpiece built from eight recycled steel shipping containers, along with some traditional building materials. According to the architects, the modified containers are “nearly indestructible”. Amsterdam Keetwonen Amsterdam’s massive Keetwonen complex houses 1,000 students and it is the largest container city in the world. The housing project is a roaring success and features units that are quiet and comfortable. Each resident enjoys a bathroom, kitchen and separate sleeping and studying quarters. The complex even has central heating and high-speed internet as well as areas for parking bikes. Mexico M2ATK Container House M2ATK designed this unique container house for an artist. It’s fully equipped with heating and cooling, a kitchen and bathroom. On the bottom floor of the house are ‘‘public spaces” such as the kitchen and living room. The second floor is the bedroom, and the top floor is a studio space in which to work, read and “let fly the imagination”. 60. Compared to traditional houses, container houses are _________. A. easier to maintain B. less expensive to build C. more comfortable to live in D. more fashionable in style 61. What can be learned about Amsterdam’s Keetwonen complex? A. It is the first container city in the world. B. It’s equipped with modern facilities. C. It features a luxury and unique style. D. It includes living space and car parks. 62. Which of the following is the best title for the poster? A. Recycled material for Ideal Home B. Shipping Container Home Challenges C. Home in a Steel Box D. Housing Options and Solutions(C) On August 29th, as Hurricane Dorian tracked towards America’s east coast, Elon Musk, the boss of Tesla, an electric-car maker, announced that some of his customers in the storm’s path would find that their cars had suddenly developed the ability to drive farther on a single battery charge. Like many modern vehicles, Mr. Musk’s products are best thought of as internet-connected computers on wheels. The cheaper models in Tesla’s line-up have parts of their batteries disabled by the car’s software in order to limit their range. At the tap of a keyboard in Palo Alto, the firm was able to remove those restrictions and give drivers temporary access to the full power of their batteries. Mr. Musk’s computerized cars are just one example of a much broader trend. As computers and connectivity become cheaper, it makes sense to bake them into more and more things that are not, in themselves, computers, creating an “internet of things”. Such a world will bring many benefits. Consumers will get convenience, and products that can do things non-computerized versions cannot. Businesses will get efficiency, as information about the physical world that used to be uncertain becomes concrete and analyzable. In the long term, though, the most obvious effects will be in how the world works. Ever more companies will become tech companies; the internet will become everywhere. As a result, a series of unresolved arguments will spill over from the virtual world into the real one. Start with ownership. As Mr Musk showed, the internet gives firms the ability to stay connected to their products even after they have been sold, transforming them into something closer to services than goods. That has already made the traditional ideas of ownership unclear. When Microsoft closed its ebook store in July, for instance, its customers lost the ability to read titles they had bought (the firm offered refunds). That shifts the balance of power from the customer to the seller. Virtual business models will jar in the physical world. Tech firms are generally happy to move fast and break things. But you cannot release the beta version (测试版) of a fridge. Apple, a smartphonemaker, provides updates for its phones for only five years or so after their release; users of Android smartphones are lucky to get two. But goods such as washing machines or industrial machinery can have lifespans of a decade or more. Firms will need to work out how to support complicated computerised devices long after their original programmers have moved on. Data will be another flashpoint. For much of the internet the business model is to offer “free” services that are paid for with valuable user data, collected with consent (同意) that is half-informed at best. In the virtual world, arguments about what should be tracked, and who owns the resulting data, can seem airy and theoretical. In the real one, they will feel more urgent. Predicting the consequences of any technology is hard — especially one as universal as computing. The emergence of the consumer internet, 25 years ago, was met with starry-eyed optimism. These days the internet’s faults dominate the headlines. But the people have the advantage of having lived through the first internet revolution — which should give them some idea of what to expect. 63. From the passage we can tell that Tesla can ____________. A. drive faster than usual in extreme weather B. adjust the range of its battery power C. charge the battery at the tap of a keyboard D. operate when the battery is fully drained 64. Which of the following is NOT an example of the “unresolved arguments” mentioned in the passage? A. Early adopters of certain apps find that they ceased to work after the firm lost interest. B. The insurance company uses data from fitness trackers to adjust customers’ premiums(保费). C. Computerized machinery can’t predict its breakdowns or schedule preventive maintenance. D. A high-tech fridge company restricts its customers from repairing their fridges themselves. 65. The underlined word jar probably means _____________ in this context. A. boom B. conflict C. vanish D. expand 66. This passage is mainly about ______________. A. how the world will change as computers spread into everyday objects B. the adoption of electric vehicles and the possible problems to expect C. what should be done to prevent the breakdown of computerized devices D. different views on the current application of Internet Technology 答案：56-59 CCDB 60-62 BBC 63-66 BCBA07. 嘉定区 (A) When she was ten years old, Isadora Duncan dropped out of school to teach people dance. If that job was left to any other ten-year-old, it would have turned out frustrating, difficult, and a little discouraging. But Duncan was different. Not only was she already talented enough to earn money even at that age, but she also had a rare kind of confidence that helped her treat troubles as fuel —something to elevate the fire that is already burning inside of her. It’s no surprise, then, that when she moved to New York to join a theatre company, she found herself restricted. The existing dancing style, their way of operating—all of this seemed to her the work of a misguided past. Duncan was very direct about what she wanted, confidently telling people she had a different vision of dance that she was going to spread in the world. This, naturally, led to ridicule and laughs early on, but as she built up her work, these instances became less frequent. Today, she is remembered as “The Mother of Dance,” with much of the modern art owing its expressive style to her influence. Inspired by the ancient Greeks, she brought the style to life. In her autobiography (自传), one of the things Duncan frequently refers to as the basis of her expressive spirit is the fact that she had a childhood where she wasn’t constantly watched. The expectations of her mother (who raised her) were open-ended. It was the freedom of this lifestyle that drove her to see what she could do. Growing up, before she left school, she was told one of two things: that she was either completely useless or that she was a genius. There was nothing in between. Even when she started working, people either bowed to her or they basically ignored her. But there wasn’t one moment Duncan doubted her own genius. There is an old quotation “if you judge a fish by its ability to climb a tree, it will live its whole life believing that it is stupid.” And it captures an important truth. At school, Isadora Duncan was a failure. In the dance hall, she gave form to brilliance. 56. What does the underlined phrase “treat troubles as fuel” mean? A. Duncan used troubles to push her forward towards her dream. B. Duncan was good at burning away everyday troubles. C. Troubles turned Duncan into a confident girl. D. Troubles lit the fire of dancing in Duncan. 57. Which of the following is TRUE about Duncan? A. Her experience in New York was the foundation of her career. B. Her teaching job when she was little destroyed her confidence. C. Her dancing style was not very well received at the beginning. D. Her mother set higher expectation on her than she could bear. 58. What does the author try to tell the readers in the last paragraph? A. It is useless climbing a tree to catch fish. B. Everybody is a genius in his own way. C. Miseries come from human stupidity. D. Teachers can impact students greatly. 59. What is this passage mainly about? A. Isadora Duncan’s childhood and her achievements today. B. Duncan’s career development and other dancers’ opinions of her. C. Isadora Duncan’s early experiences and the reasons for her success. D. Duncan’s high status in the dancing world and her unique expressive style. (B) Taking your pulse during physical activity allows you to measure how hard you are exercising. You should exercise to stay within your target heart range. Increasing your heart rate is a key part of exercise, but it is important that your heart rate is not too high or too low. If you are a beginner, you should also be able to breathe comfortably while exercising. This will ensure that you are exercising at a level that is safe and effective for your body. The chart below illustrates target heart rate ranges for exercise based on the maximal heart rate for selected ages. Here are the steps for using the chart: 60. Which of the following is TRUE? A. Exercise intensity can be reflected by a person’s heart rate. B. The faster your heart rate is, the more effective the exercise is. C. Vigorous exercise will definitely present a threat to people’s safety. D. The target exercise heart rate range for a 45-year-old is 90–149 BPM. 61. A 34-year-old man is running and the number of pulses he takes for 15 seconds is 40. His fitness coach had better tell him _____________. A. “You are doing fine.” B. “You can run faster.” C. “You should slow down a bit.” D. “You should drink some water.” 62. What is the purpose of this passage? A. To advise people to form a habit of taking their pulses while exercising. B. To inform people of the target heart rate zone for those aged 60 and under. C. To tell people the importance of maintaining moderate amount of exercise. D. To show people how to measure heart rate to keep proper exercise intensity. • Use your index finger (食指) and middle finger. Don’t use your thumb (拇指) —it has a pulse of its own. • Place these two fingers on your wrist, just below the base of the thumb. • Count the number of beats (pulses) for 15 seconds. • Take this number and multiply by 4 to find your heart rate in beats per minute. For example, if you count 25 beats, 25 x 4 = 100 beats per minute.  Measure your exercise heart rate in beats per minute (BPM).  Look at the chart. - Find your age. If your age falls between the ages listed, round up to the next older age listed. - Compare your heart rate to the target exercise range. • If you are doing moderate exercise, your heart rate should be closer to the 50% range. • If you are doing vigorous exercise, your heart rate should be closer to the 85% range. • Try to stay in the 50–85% range when exercising by increasing or decreasing exercise intensity.(C) A tiny clue found in ancient deposits has unlocked big secrets about Greenland’s past and future climate. Just beyond the northwest edge of the vast Greenland Ice Sheet, researchers have discovered lake mud that have survived the last ice age. The mud, and remains of common flies in it, record two interglacial periods （ 间 冰 期 ） in northwest Greenland. Although researchers have long known these two periods—the early Holocene and Last Interglacial—experienced warming in the Arctic, the mix of fly species shows that Greenland was even warmer than previously thought. “As far as we know, it has never been found in Greenland. We think this is the first time anyone has reported it in ancient deposits or modern lakes there,” Axford said. “We were really surprised to see how far north it migrated (迁徙).” This new information could help researchers better measure Greenland’s sensitivity to warming, by testing and improving models of climate and ice sheet behaviour. Those models could then improve predictions of how Greenland’s ice sheet might respond to man-made global warming. After all, Greenland covers 80 per cent of the Arctic country and holds enough ice to equal 20 feet of global sea level. “Northwest Greenland might feel really remote, but what happens to that ice sheet is going to matter to everyone in every coastal city around the world,” said Yarrow Axford, an associate professor in the team. “One of the big uncertainties in climate science is how fast the Earth changes when it gets warmer. Geology gives us an opportunity to see what happened when the Earth was warmer than today,” said Axford. People might be surprised to see how today’s Greenland looked during the last two interglacial periods. During the Last Interglacial, global sea levels increased by 15 to 30 feet, largely due to thinning of Greenland and Antarctica’s ice sheets. However, now researchers believe northern Greenland’s ice sheet experienced stronger warming than previously thought, which could mean that Greenland is more responsible for that sea-level rise. Finding lake deposits older than about 10,000 years, however, has been historically very difficult in Greenland. To measure these ancient temperatures, researchers look to ice cores (冰核) and lake deposits. Since ice and lake deposits form by a gradual buildup on annual layers of snow or mud, these cores contain history of the past. By looking through the layers, researchers can obtain climate clues from centuries ago. 63. Why are the remains of flies mentioned in the first two paragraphs? A. They serve as evidence that there is still life in the Northwest Greenland. B. They were one of the many ancient lives that were left in the Greenland mud. C. They are indicators that Greenland was much warmer than previously thought. D. They help the researchers realize that there was once a warm period in the Arctic. 64. The new information about Greenland is important because______________. A. researchers have no idea how to measure Greenland’s warming speed B. it can help researchers better predict Greenland’s response to warming C. people should be more sensitive to the changes in the ice in Greenland D. it is uncertain how fast the Earth changes with man-made global warming 65. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? A. It is easier for today’s scientists to find ancient lake deposits. B. People are surprised at the landscape feature of Greenland today. C. Researchers measure the changing temperatures by directly examining mud. D. Greenland holds enough ice that might one day threaten life in coastal cities. 66. Which do you think is the best title of the passage? A. Greenland Used to Be Much Greener B. Earth Once Experienced Warm Periods C. Coastal Cities Warned of Coming Disasters D. Northwest Greenland, A Perfect Destination 答案：56—59：ACBC 60—62：ACD 63—66: CBDA08. 青浦区 (A) McCoy was looking for a safe place to do drugs when something clearly out of place caught his eye: a luxurious brown leather handbag. McCoy, 36, could relate all too well. One of his few possessions, the sleeping bag he used in an abandoned house, had recently been stolen. Remembering how angered he’d been by his own loss, he resolved to return the purse to its owner. He began right away, starting with the address on the bill found in the handbag. After traveling much of the day and finally approaching the address on the bill, he was stopped by a woman, who asked whether she could buy the purse. McCoy refused, saying he was searching for its owner. “But I am the owner,” the woman said. “That’s my purse.” A month earlier, Kaitlyn Smith, 29, a sales representative for a medical device company, had woken up to find her apartment broken into and her purse stolen. Now she came across a tall, messy-looking man holding it tightly. She could instantly tell he wasn’t in good shape. At Smith’s urging, McCoy told her his story. He’d been in charge of a landscaping business until 2012, when a car accident left him addicted to drugs. Smith, amazed this stranger had gone to such great lengths to return her bag, asked whether there was anything she could do to help. “I’m a drug addict,” McCoy warned. “I don’t want to intrude on your life; I’m probably gonna let you down.” Unafraid, Smith gave him her phone number, saying, “If you want to go to rehab (戒毒所), call me.” She then drove him back to his neighborhood and left, thinking that would be the end of it. Two days later, she got a call. Smith realized that McCoy was serious about getting better, so she dug into her savings account and bought McCoy a plane ticket to Florida. While there, he would call her to let her know how he was doing. “We were getting to know each other,” Smith says. “His scared, desperate voice turned into a healthy, lively one.” After 28 days at a rehab program at Johns Hopkins Hospital, McCoy is drug-free. He lives at a residential recovery center in Baltimore, and a GoFundMe page set up by Smith has covered his rent, groceries, and incidentals. His life is back on track, all because one crime victim could understand another’s loss. 56. What drove McCoy to look for the owner of the handbag? A. The urge to find a business partner. B. The resolution to recover his sleeping bag. C. His own unfortunate experience. D. His anger over the poor living condition. 57. What was McCoy’s initial reaction towards Smith’s intention to help? A. Enthusiasm. B. Resistance. C. Hostility. D. Gratitude. 58. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. McCoy was a victim of an identity theft. B. Smith offered McCoy a ride home at his request. C. McCoy looked unhealthy when he bumped into Smith. D. Smith covered McCoy’s living expense in the recovery centre. 59. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage? A. Drug-abuse Can Heal. B. Lost and Found. C. Mutual Communication Matters. D. Good Deeds Repaid. (B) Growing Green Thumbs Callie’s Kids by Calloway Nursery Denton, 940/591-8865; Flower Mound, 972/691-2650; Lewisville, 972/315-3133. www.mytexasgarden.com LEARN: Kids ages 5-12 can explore and plant in the Calloway gardens with a parent/caregiver’s supervision at 9:30 am on the first or third Wednesdays from June to August. A garden expert will share tips and advice for the best gardening practices during the 45-minute session (beginning on June 2). Preregistration online is required. COST: Free Denton Children’s Community Garden 2200 Bowling Green Ave., Denton, 940/349-2883. www.dcmga.com LEARN: Join the weekend work at the community garden, where caregivers, parents and master gardeners help children of all ages plant new vegetables, water the plants, harvest from the gardens and more. The instructors also lead games about nutrition, good and bad insects and more. 10 am-5 pm on Saturdays. COST: Free Coppell Community Gardens 255 Parkway Blvd., Coppell. www.copp11communitygarden.org LEARN: Kids of all ages (with a parent/caregiver) can volunteer at either the Helping Hands Garden (255 Parkway Blvd.) or Ground Delivery Garden (450 S. Denton Tap Road). Children will have the opportunity to till (耕) the ground, plant vegetables, harvest from the garden and more. Master gardeners are available on site; all harvested foods are either sold at the community's farmers’ market or donated to the area food bank. Work begins every Saturday at about 9 am. COST: Free 60. If a child wants to plant in the Calloway gardens, he / she ______. A. needs to register online before hand B. should be present every Wednesday morning C. must be under supervision throughout the year D. can visit www.dcmga.com for more information 61. Which of the following can be learned from the passage? A. All the three gardens are based in Denton. B. Experts in Calloway Gardens are tipped for their instructions. C. Kids in Coppell Community Gardens may take harvests home. D. Activities in Denton Children’s Community Gardens are entertaining. 62. This piece of writing is most probably issued by ______. A. a food industry in bad need of funding B. a website promoting gardening facilities C. an institution offering learning programs D. an association publicizing botanical gardens(C) Though the spread of good reproduction (复制品) of works of art can be culturally valuable, museums continue to promote the special status of original work and highlight the authenticity (真实) of its exhibits. Unfortunately, this seems to place severe limitations on the kind of experience offered to visitors. One limitation is related to the way the museum presents its exhibits. Art museums are often called “treasure houses”. We are reminded of this even before we view a collection by the presence of security guards who keep us away from the exhibits. In addition, a major collection like that of London’s National Gallery is housed in numerous rooms, where a single piece of work is likely to be worth more than all the average visitor possesses. In a society that judges the personal status of the individual so much by their material worth, it is therefore difficult not to be impressed by one’s own relative “worthlessness” in such an environment. Furthermore, consideration of the “value” of the original work in its treasure house setting impresses upon the viewer that since these works were originally produced, they have been assigned a huge value in terms of money by some person or institution more powerful than themselves. Evidently, nothing the viewer thinks about the work is going to alter that value, and so today’s viewer is discouraged from trying to extend that spontaneous, immediate, self-reliant kind of interpretation which would originally have met the work. The visitor may then be struck by the strangeness of seeing such a variety of paintings, drawings and sculptures brought together in an environment for which they were not originally created. This “displacement effect” is further heightened by the huge volume of exhibits. In the case of a major collection, there are probably more works on display than we could realistically view in weeks or even months. This is particularly distressing because time seems to be a vital factor in the appreciation of all art forms. A fundamental difference between paintings and other art forms is that there is no prescribed time over which a painting is viewed. Operas, novels and poems are read in a prescribed time sequence, whereas a picture has no clear place at which to start viewing, or at which to finish. Thus art works themselves encourage us to view them superficially, without appreciating the richness of detail and labor that is involved. Consequently, the dominant critical approach becomes that of the art historian, a specialized academic approach devoted to “discovering the meaning” of art within the cultural context of its time. This is in harmony with the museum’s function, since the approach is dedicated to seeking out and conserving “authentic”, “original” readings of the exhibits. 63. The writer mentions London’s National Gallery to illustrate ______. A. the undesirable cost to a nation of maintaining a huge collection of art B. the conflict that may arise in society between financial and artistic values C. the negative effect a museum can have on visitors’ opinion of themselves D. the need to put individual well-being above large-scale artistic schemes 64. The writer says that today viewers may be unwilling to criticize a work because they ______. A. lack the knowledge needed B. fear it may have financial implications C. have no real concept of the work’s value D. feel their personal reaction is of no significance 65. The writer says that unlike other forms of art, the appreciation of a painting does not ______. A. involve direct contact with an audience B. require a specific location for performance C. need the involvement of other professionals D. call for a specific beginning or ending 66. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. Original work: killer of artistic appreciation B. Original work: reduction to value of art works C. Original work: substitute for reproduction D. Original work: art historians’ bread and butter 答案：56-59 CBCD 60-62 ADC 63-66 CDDA09.杨浦区 (A) David Miles, an Australian inventor has been accused of cheating desperate farmers by charging up to $50,000 Australian dollars for delivering rain on demand without so much as explaining the technology behind his business. On the official Miles Research website, Miles explains that in the 1990’s he realized that it was possible to influence weather patterns by creating a bridge between ‘the present’ and a ‘near-future event’ in the physical space-time continuum. He found that by applying small amounts of energy intelligently, even a large, messy weather system approaching from the future could be eased. While somewhat fascinating, Miles’ explanation does little to explain how he is able to bring rainfall to the lands of farmers. He makes references to famous but debatable concepts like “the butterfly effect”. “We were advised against patenting because it’s basically exposing how it works. There are a lot of big companies that invest in hunting out patents,” Miles said. “I understand the doubts, the only other way is to fully prove up our science and physics. If we did that, we’ll lose it, it will be taken up as a national security interest and it’ll then be weaponized.” Miles’ claims raised suspicions for obvious reasons, including a since-deleted section of his company website, which claimed that his technology used “electromagnetic scalar waves”, which scientists say don’t even exist. The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) has warned people against doing business with him, but the Australian inventor claims the ACCC is only trying to defame him and his company, as in reality they are success based – if it doesn’t rain, they don’t get paid. “Consumers signed the agreement that if by the end of June they receive 100mm, they pay $50,000, if they only receive 50mm, they would only pay $25,000. Anything under half, we don’t want to be paid,” Miles said of a handful of Wimmera farmers who agreed to take him up on his offer to deliver rain. Believe it or not, one of the farmers who paid David Miles for his so-called rain-making capabilities told ABC Radio that he was quite happy with the results. 56. David Miles claims to be capable of ________. A. influencing the weather system B. predicting the future events C. reducing the atmospheric temperature D. easing the gravitational energy 57. ACCC issued warning against doing business with Miles because ________. A. he charged too much for the services provided B. there was no solid science to back up his technology C. his practice was a threat to national security interest D. he didn’t officially patent his technology with ACCC 58. According to Miles, how much will he be paid if the farmers receive 15mm of rain? A. $50,000. B. $25,000. C. $12,500. D. $0. 59. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Miles needed safer facilities for his business. B. Miles brought about good crops as expected. C. Miles wasn’t discouraged by the critics. D. Miles was arrested by the local police.(B) Stannah Call now to speak to a friendly representative (888) 551-3466 For Curved & Straight Stairs | 7-Day Money Back Guarantee | Rentals Available At Stannah, we are committed to providing our customers with the safest, more reliable stairlifts and the most generous assurance among stairlift provider, for value that can’t be beaten. Let us create a custom stairlift solution for your needs. Call to find a local showroom! Coupon Mention Boston Globe& Get $ 200 Off your Stannah stairlift * when purchased from Stannah. Excludes rental & previous purchases. May not be combined with any other offer. Only one discount per purchase. Stannah stairlifts are available for indoor and outdoor straight or indoor curved stairs. The Stannah slimeline rail sits close to your wall and attaches to your stairs for seamless installation. Our powered footrest makes folding easy and a slim profile allows safe stair access (even on narrow stairs) when not in use. Well-equipped as standard, with a range of options if needed, Stannah stairlifts are an exceptional choice for those desiring to age gracefully at home. Our customers love us! Trustscore 9.5 out of 10 398 reviews on Trustpilot60. To have a Stannah stairlift installed, one needs to__________. A. remodel one’s living room B. schedule an in-home assessment C. ensure constant power supply D. order a special stairway 61. Jenny may use the Coupon（优惠券） to save some money only if she __________. A. rents the model advertised on Boston Globe B. pays for the Stannah model which is on sale C. purchases one brand new Stannah stairlift D. publishes post-sale reviews on Trustpilot 62. Which statement is TRUE about Stannah stairlift mentioned in the advertisement? A. It promises to regularly check on the old people who live independently. B. It can be installed easily by following instructions in the brochure. C. It provides fast and free repair services by professional technicians. D. It offers an alternative to old people who don’t want to be relocated.  Safe and easy-to-use  Available for either straight or curved stairways  Offered for indoor or outdoor installation  Installed without home alterations  Chair folds up easily when not in use for safe stair access  Powered by a constant trickle charge battery for operation even in a power failure  Free brochure Frequently Asked Questions  Can my stairlift be installed without damaging my walls? Yes! Stannah stairlifts are designed to move along a rail that attaches to the step of your stairway and not your wall.  Will others be able to get by safely when my stairlift is not in use? Absolutely! Your stairlift comes standard with a powered footrest and an easily folded seat for a slimline profile and unobstructed access for others.  Can I get help paying for my stairlift? Because Medicare and insurance doesn’t pay for stairlifts, we offer a range of models at different prices, and payment options include rental. Call to schedule your free-in-home assessment with an expert advisor. Select the Stannah stairlift that best meets your needs. Install your new stairlift in hours. Our professional technicians will work diligently to provide you with a safe lift you can rely on We offer rapid response scheduling and installation at no additional charge! Used by many to regain their independence and continue living safely in their homes, Stannah stairlifts are usually the most cost-effective when compared to moving, remodeling or installing an elevator. 3 2 Call today to schedule your in-home stairs assessment. 1 (C) How and why, roughly 2 million years ago, early human ancestors evolved large brains and began fashioning relatively advanced stone tools, is one of the great mysteries of evolution. Some researchers argue these changes were brought about by the invention of cooking. They point out that our bite weakened around the same time as our larger brains evolved, and that it takes less energy to absorb nutrients from cooked food. As a result, once they had mastered the art, early chefs could invest less in their digestive systems and thus invest the resulting energy savings in building larger brains capable of complex thought. There is, however, a problem with the cooking theory. Most archaeologists (考古学家) believe the evidence of controlled fire stretches back no more than 790,000 years. Roger Summons of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology has a solution. Together with his team, he analyzed 1.7 million-year-old sandstones that formed in an ancient river at Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania. The region is famous for the large number of human fossils（化石）that have been discovered there, alongside an impressive assembly of stone tools. The sandstones themselves have previously yielded some of the world’s earliest complex hand axes -- large tear-drop-shaped stone tools that are associated with Homo erectus（直立人）. Creating an axe by repeatedly knocking thin pieces off a raw stone in order to create two sharp cutting edges requires a significant amount of planning. Their appearance is therefore thought to mark an important moment in intellectual evolution. Trapped inside the Olduvai sandstones, the researchers found distinctive but unusual biological molecules （ 分 子 ） that are often interpreted as biomarkers for heat-tolerant bacteria. Some of these live in water between 85°C and 95°C. The molecules’ presence suggests that an ancient river within the Gorge was once fed by one or more hot springs. Dr. Summons and his colleagues say the hot springs would have provided a convenient “pre-fire” means of cooking food. In New Zealand, the Maori have traditionally cooked food in hot springs, either by lowering it into the boiling water or by digging a hole in the hot earth. Similar methods exist in Japan and Iceland, so it is plausible, if difficult to prove, that early humans might have used hot springs to cook meat and roots. Richard Wrangham, who devised the cooking theory, is fascinated by the idea. Nonetheless, fire would have offered a distinct advantage to humans, once they had mastered the art of controlling it since, unlike a hot spring, it is a transportable resource. 63. All of the following statements can support the cooking theory EXCEPT ________. A. cooking enabled early humans to invest less in digestive system B. cooking enabled early humans to devote more energy to building big brains C. our brain became larger around the same time our digestive system weakened D. the controlled fire wasn’t mastered until about 790,000 years ago 64. The presence of biological molecules was important because ________. A. they suggested a possible means of cooking without fire B. they cast light on how early Homo erectus lived C. they provided a convenient way of studying stone tools D. they made studies of pre-historic cultures possible 65. The underlined word “plausible” probably means ________. A. noticeable B. applicable C. reasonable D. affordable 66. What may be the conclusion of the study by Dr. Summons and his colleague? A. Early humans were capable of making complex stone tools. B. Hot springs help explain how human brains got so big. C. Homo erectus were adaptable to tough and complex territories. D. Human brains are highly advanced as shown by their size. 答案：56-59 A B D C 60-62 B C D 63-66 D A C B10. 长宁、金山区 (A) I live in a second-floor flat with an ancient tree right on the corner of the house. House and tree have been here, side by side, for well over a century. No one really knows how old the tree is, but it was already there when builders started on the house at the beginning of the 1900s. It was still rather young and flexible back then, so it easily welcomed the new structure into its path. It bent and adjusted itself to make room, and to find the space to grow big and strong and wise. Which means that some hundred years later, the solid, strong branches of the tree reach around two full sides of my home. It’s covered in moss (苔藓), which is, in turn, crawling with all sorts of insects. I have never seen the insects, by the way, I just know that they’re there because of all the birds trying to pick them out. They are always hopping around, looking for this and that and singing songs. I feel like I have become part of the ecosystem. When I’m eating breakfast or making dinner in the kitchen, I can look out and see a bird hopping around skillfully, gathering its own meal while I tend to mine. When I’m sitting in the living room, reading or drinking tea, I can suddenly find myself face to face with another bird. We’ll be staring at each other and, after some time, decide we can both carry on with our business. Living side by side. Even as I write this—the large windows open to a lovely, soft evening—a white feather comes floating down by my side. Probably from one of the resident pigeons. As I don’t have the luxury of a garden, this tree makes me feel connected to the outdoors. Such an ancient tree, a tree that is itself home to many other creatures—that feels different. It is as if it has adopted me and made me a part of its world, without ever asking for something in return. But if needs be, I know that it can count on me and I will protect it with all my strength. 56. The flat the author lives in is ______. A. built in an ancient tree B. hugged by a giant tree C. decorated with branches D. surrounded by a garden 57. In the author’s description, she implies that ______. A. birds keep her warm company B. she has been living on tree products C. moss makes her flat nice and cool D. she has been bothered by the insects 58. What does the author really treasure? A. A close-to-nature life. B. A luxurious garden. C. A spacious house. D. A sociable neighbor. 59. Which of the following can be used to express the author’s feeling? A. Jealous. B. Inferior. C. Content. D. Passionate. (B) The Sleep of Your Dreams According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, a third of us don’t get nearly enough shut-eye. Our collective tiredness has promoted a $41 billion market for devices promising more—and higher-quality—sleep. In my everlasting search for downtime, I tested some of the most promising ones. Here’s how they stacked up. Eight sleep tracker $299 This mattress (床垫) topper fits under a sheet and “turns any bed into a smart bed,” according to Eight. While I slept, the sensor-decorated pad gathered data like heart rate, periods of deepest sleep, and number of turns. It was easy to use, and I liked the warming feature, which let me set each side of the bed to a different temperature. REM Score: 8 (out of 10) Dreampad pillow $149 and up The Dreampad uses smooth soundscapes to help you power down. Connect the device to your phone via Bluetooth or USB, and the pillow emits soft music, audible only to you as you lay your head down. There are ten tracks on offer. I didn’t drift off any faster with the Dreampad, but it did help me fall back asleep when I woke up at night. REM Score: 6 Smart Nora Wireless Snoring Solution $299 My eight-hour restful happiness is frequently interrupted by my husband’s snoring. The Smart Nora relieves me of the need to push him. When the bedside audio sensor detects a breathing disturbance, it slowly blows up the offender’s pillow, gently shifting them into a freer-breathing position. My husband sometimes woke up briefly but was soon asleep again. REM Score: 8 Nightingale Smart Home Sleep System $149 The Nightingale is hi-tech. Two app-enabled units wrap the room in a blanket of warm sound. You can also program the system to provide weather and traffic information when you wake up. The only downside: in standby mode, it emits a faint noise. REM Score: 9 * REM: rapid eye movement (describes a period of sleep during which you dream and your eyes make small movements) 60. By “how they stacked up” in paragraph 1, the author probably means “how they ______.” A. make sense to manufacturers B. get stuck in stores C. are compared with each other D. are piled up together 61. Which of the following devices favourably reacts to users? A. Dreampad pillow B. Eight sleep tracker C. Smart Nora Wireless Snoring Solution D. Nightingale Smart Home Sleep System 62. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. The Eight keeps the entire bed at the same temperature. B. The Nightingale is an economical but perfect device. C. Soft music is applied to all these four devices. D. One in three people suffer from sleep problem. (C) An epidemic is the occurrence of a disease which affects a very large number of people living in an area and which spreads quickly to other people. Like infectious diseases, ideas in the academic world are spreadable. But why some travel far and wide while equally good ones remain in relative insignificance has been a mystery. Now a team of computer scientists has used an epidemiological model to imitate how ideas move from one academic institution to another. The model showed that ideas originating at famous institutions caused bigger “epidemics” than equally good ideas from less well-known places, explains Allison Morgan, a computer scientist at the University of Colorado Boulder and lead author of the new study. “This implies that where an idea is born shapes how far it spreads, holding the quality of the idea constant.” says senior author Aaron Clauset, also at Boulder. Not only is this unfair—“it reveals a big weakness in how we’re doing science,” says Simon DeDeo, a professor of social and decision sciences at Carnegie Mellon University, who was not involved in the study. There are many highly trained people with good ideas who do not end up at top institutions. “They are producing good ideas, and we know those ideas are getting lost,” DeDeo says. “Our science, our scholarship, is not as good because of this.” The Colorado researchers analyzed an existing data set of computer science department hires in North America, as well as a database of publications by these hires. First they looked at how five big ideas in computer science spread to new institutions. They found that hiring a new member accounted for this movement a little more than a third of the time—and in 81 percent of those cases, transfers took place from higher-to lower-status universities. Then the team imitated the broadcasting of ideas using an infectious disease model and found that the size of an idea “epidemic” (as measured by the number of institutions that published studies on an idea after it originated) depended on the status of the originating institution. The findings were published online last October in EPJ Data Science. The researchers’ model suggests that there “may be a number of quite good ideas that originate in the middle of the pack, in terms of universities,” Clauset says. DeDeo agrees. There is a lot of good work coming out of less famous places, he says: “You can learn a huge amount from it, and you can learn things that other people don’t know because they’re not even paying attention.” 63. The word “this” in paragraph 2 refers to the fact that ______. A. the time when good ideas were born decides how far they may spread B. the quality of the original ideas tends to be not easy to maintain C. good ideas from less important institutions lack influence D. scholars in insignificant institutions consider their ideas valueless 64. The case of some hires in paragraph 3 is used to indicate ______. A. the statistics the epidemiological model provides for the researchers B. why the originating institutions transfer their new findings C. how they carry the ideas from lower- to higher-status institutions D. the way the movements of some new ideas happen and their effects 65. Researchers such as Clauset are very much concerned about ______. A. losing quite a number of great and creative thoughts B. missing the opportunities of getting more well-known C. misusing the epidemiological model in scientific research areas D. having difficulty in finding more proper science department hires 66. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. Infectious Diseases B. Original Ideas C. Idea Epidemic D. Epidemiological Model 答案：56-59 BAAC 60-62 CCD 63-66 CDAC11. 浦东新区 （A） Dame Zaha Hadid, the Iraqi-born British architect whose tall structures left a mark on skylines and imaginations around the world and in the process reshaped architecture for the modern age. She was not an average designer. She liberated architectural geometry( 几何), giving it a whole new expressive identity. Geometry became, in her hands, a vehicle for unprecedented and eye-popping new spaces. Her buildings elevated uncertainty to an art, conveyed in the odd ways. Her work implying mobility, speed, freedom and uncertainty spoke to a worldview widely shared by a younger generation. “I am not European, I don’t do conventional work and I am a woman,’’ Strikingly Ms. Hadid never allowed herself on her work to be categorized by her background or her gender. And she was one of a kind, a path breaker. In 2004, she became the first woman to win the Pritzker Prize, architecture’s Nobel. Zaha Hadid was born in Baghdad on October 31, 1950. Then in 1972, she arrived at the architectural association in London, a center for experimental design. Her teachers included Elia Zenghelis and Rem Koolhaas. “They aroused my ambition,” she would recall, “and taught me to trust even my strangest instincts.” By the 1980s she had established her own practice in London. And she began to draw attention with an unrealized plan in 1982—1983 for the Peak Club. Her partner, Patrick Schumacher, played an instrumental and collaborative role in her career. Mr. Schumacher coined the term parametric(参数的) design to include the computer-based approach that helped the firm’s most weird concepts become reality. Ms. Hadid called what resulted in an organic language of architecture, based on these new tools, which allow us to combine highly complex forms into a fluid(流线的) and complete whole. Her sources were nature, history or whatever she sought useful. When her Rosenthal Center, a relatively modest project, opened in 2003, Herbert Muschamp, the architecture critic declared it “the most important American building to be completed since the end of the cold war”. “She was bigger than life, a force of nature,” as Amale Andraos, the dean of Columbia University’s architecture school, put it, “she was a pioneer.” She was. For women, for what cities can desire to build and for the art of architecture. 56. What features the structures designed by Zaha Hadid? A. Free architectural geometry. B. Conventional design. C. Odd imagination. D. Colorful patterns. 57. According to Paragraphs 3 and 4, which of the following statement is TRUE? A. Zaha Hadid taught herself to trust instincts. B. The plan for the Peak Club hasn’t been carried out. C. The architect’s gender influenced her work dramatically. D. Zaha Hadid was the first architect to win the Pritzker Prize. 58. How did the computer-based approach make a difference to Zaha Hadid’s work? A. It contributes to realizing the strange ideas. B. It simplifies the complex structure as a whole. C. It provides new tools to translate the language. D. It serves as an instrument to interpret the concepts. 59. The purpose of the passage is to ________________. A. present Zaha Hadid’s life experience B. praise Zaha Hadid’s inspiration and diligence C. compare Zaha Hadid’s works in different times D. show Zaha Hadid’s great contributions to architecture(B) 2020 SAN FRANCISCO WRITERS CONFERENCE 17th Celebration of Craft, Commerce & Community February 13-16, 2020 at the Hyatt Regency San Francisco Speakers: *Walter Mosley *Jonathan Maberry *Brooke Warner Plus authors, editors, publishers & literary agents from New York, L.A. & S.F. Bay Area Visit www.SFWriters.org to get event/contest/scholarship details, access online registration for the free SFWC Newsletter. Considerable Early Discounts and Special Room Rates! 2019 SAN FRANCISCO WRITING FOR CHANGE A one-day conference for all writers who want to change the world through their writing. September 14th at the Unitarian Center Details and registration: www.SFWritingforChange.org SFWC/San Francisco Writers Foundation is a nonprofit organization Behind the Scenes of a Writing Conference When you attend a writing conference, you see a facade that took months or longer to make up. Plenty is going on behind the scenes. Let’s take a look behind the curtain. The day starts long before attendees walk through the door. Registration is set up, signs posted and tables arranged. Logistics (后勤) all fall on the conference organizers. For example, the annual conference I direct in San Francisco (see the poster above) is a simple one-day conference that takes more than eight months to put together and around 15 staff and volunteers to manage. Larger multi-day conferences have even more going on behind the scenes. Overseeing it all is the conference director, a conductor who typically works with committee directors to make sure everything runs smoothly. Over the course of the conference, staffers make sure everything stays on track. It’s not unusual for staff to walk miles in a day and go without meals. Conference staff and volunteers are always behind the curtains making sure your experience is perfect. The next time you attend a well-run writing conference, take a moment to thank staff and volunteers for their devotion. They deserve all the praise they can get because without them, there would be no conference. 60. The underlined word facade refers to ________________. A. the effort behind the scenes B. the scenes visible to the public C. the literary masterpiece on display D. the material distributed at the meeting 61. What’s the latest time to start to arrange for the one-day conference in San Francisco? A. July, 2019. B. March, 209. C. September, 2019. D. January, 2019. 62. According to the writer, the attendees of the 2020 San Francisco Writers Conference should praise the ________________. A. three speakers B. authors and editors C. staff and volunteers D. corporate sponsors(C) Each year, backed up by a growing anti-consumerist movement, people are using the holiday season to call on us all to shop less. Driven by concerns about resource exhaustion, over recent years environmentalists have increasingly turned their sights on our “consumer culture”. Groups such as The Story of Stuff and Buy Nothing New Day are growing as a movement that increasingly blames all our ills on our desire to shop. We clearly have a growing resource problem. The produces we make, buy, and use are often linked to the destruction of our waterways, biodiversity, climate and the land on which millions of people live. But to blame these issues on Christmas shoppers is misguided, and puts us in the old trap of blaming individuals for what is a systematic problem. While we complain about environmental destruction over Christmas, environmentalists often forget what the holiday season actually means for many people. For most, Christmas isn’t an add-on to an already heavy shopping year. In fact, it is likely the only time of year many have the opportunity to spend on friends and family, or even just to buy the necessities needed for modern life. This is particularly, true for Boxing Day, often the target of the strongest derision( 嘲 弄 ) by anti-consumerists. While we may laugh at the queues in front of the shops, for many, those sales provide the one chance to buy items they’ve needed all year. As Leigh Phillips argues, “this is one of the few times of the year that people can even hope to afford such ‘luxuries’, the Christmas presents their kids are asking for, or just an appliance that works.” Indeed, the richest 7% of people are responsible for 50% of greenhouse gas emissions. This becomes particularly harmful when you take into account that those shopping on Boxing Day are only a small part of our consumption “problem” anyway. Why are environmentalists attacking these individuals, while ignoring such people as Russian billionaire Roman Abramovich, who has his own￡1.5bn yacht with a missile defence system? Anyway, anti-consumerism has become a movement of wealthy people talking down to the working class about their life choices, while ignoring the real cause of our environmental problems. It is no wonder one is changing their behaviours—or that environmental destruction continues without any reduction in intensity. 63. It is indicated in the 1st paragraph that during the holiday season, many consumers ______. A. ignore resource problems B. are fascinated with presents C. are encouraged to spend less D. show great interest in the movement. 64. It can be inferred from Paragraphs 2 and 3 that the environmentalist movement _______. A. has targeted the wrong persons B. has achieved its intended purposes C. has taken environment-friendly measures D. has benefited both consumers and producers 65. The example of Roman Abramovich is used to show environmentalists’ _______. A. madness about life choices B. discontent with rich lifestyle C. ignorance about the real cause D. disrespect for holiday shoppers 66. It can be concluded from the text that telling people not to shop at Christmas is ______. A. anything less than a responsibility B. nothing more than a bias C. indicative of environmental awareness D. unacceptable to ordinary people 答案：56-59 ABAD 60-62 BDC 63-66 CACB12. 静安区 ( A ) As humanity has got richer, animals’ roles have changed. People need their services less than before. Fewer wolves and thieves meant less demand for dogs for protection; the internal combustion engine (内燃机) made horses unneeded; modern sanitation (卫生设备) kept rats in check and made cats less useful. No longer necessities, domestic animals became luxuries. Petkeeping seems to kick in when household incomes rise above roughly $5,000. It is booming. The trend is not a new one. Archaeologists ( 考 古 学 家 ) have found 10,000-year-old graves in which dogs and people are buried together. Some cultures — such as in Scandinavia, where dogs have long been both working dogs and companions — have kept pets for thousands of years. But these days the pet-keeping urge has spread even to parts of the world which have no tradition of sinking into a comfortable chair with a furry creature. The pet business is growing even faster than pet numbers, because people are spending more and more money on them. No longer are they food-waste-recyclers, fed with the remains that fall from their masters’ tables. Pet-food shelves are full of delicacies crafted to satisfy a range of appetites, including ice cream for dogs and foods for pets that are old, diabetic or suffer from sensitive digestion; a number of internet services offer food, tailored to the pet’s individual tastes. In the business this is called “pet humanisation”— the tendency of pet owners to treat their pets as part of the family. This is evident in the names given to dogs, which have evolved from Fido, Rex and Spot to — in America — Bella, Lucy and Max. It is evident in the growing market for pet clothing, pet grooming and pet hotels. People still assume that pets must be working for humanity in some way, perhaps making people healthier or less anxious. But the evidence for that is weak. Rather, new research suggests that dogs have evolved those irresistible “puppy-dog eyes” precisely to affect human emotions. It has worked. The species that once enslaved others now works very hard to pay for the care of its pets. Sentimental (多愁善感的) Americans often refer to themselves not as cat-owners but as the cat’s “mommy” or “daddy”. South Koreans go one further, describing themselves as cat “butlers”. Watch an unlucky dog-walker trailing “his” hound (猎犬), plastic bag in hand to pick up its mess, and you have to wonder: who’s in charge now? 56. Which of the following trends is NOT TRUE according to the passage? A. People’s needs for animal services are decreasing. B. Both the pet number and the pet business are growing. C. Pets are increasingly making their owners less anxious. D. Pet foods are more various and customized than before. 57. Which of the following is referred to as evidence of “pet humanization”? A. The names given to pets in American families nowadays. B. Pets’ inbuilt ability to affect emotions of their owners. C. Human beings’ ever rising urge for pet-keeping. D. Pets’ roles as both working staff and companions. 58. Which of the following statements is the author most likely to agree with? A. Pets should be treated as equals of their human masters. B. Human beings are getting much benefit from their pets. C. Pet-keeping is still restricted within certain parts of the world. D. Some pet owners spend too much money on their pets. 59. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. The Changing Roles of Animals B. The Urge for Pet-keeping C. Who Owns Whom D. Love Me, Love My Dog( B ) Depression hurts, Prozac can help Depression isn’t just feeling down. It’s a real illness with real causes. Depression can be triggered by stressful life events, like divorce or a death in the family. Or it can appear suddenly, for no apparent reason. Some people think you can just will yourself out of a depression. That’s not true. Many doctors believe that one thing that may cause depression is an imbalance of serotonin — a chemical in your body. If this happens, you may have trouble sleeping. Feel unusually sad or irritable easily. Find it hard to concentrate. Lose your appetite. Lack energy. Or have trouble feeling pleasure. These are some of the symptoms that can point to depression — especially if they last for more than a couple of weeks and if normal, everyday life feels like too much to handle. To help fight depression, the medicine doctors now prescribe (开处方) most often is Prozac. Prozac isn’t a “happy pill.” It’s not a tranquilizer (镇静剂). It won’t turn you into a different person. Some people do experience mild side effects, like upset stomach, headaches, difficulty sleeping, sleepiness, anxiety and nervousness. These tend to go away within a few weeks of starting treatment, and usually aren’t serious enough to make most people stop taking it. However, if you are concerned about a side effect, or if you develop a rash (皮疹), tell your doctor right away. And don’t forget to tell your doctor any other medicines you are taking. Some people should not take Prozac, especially people on MAO inhibitors (单胺抑制剂). As you start feeling better, your doctor can suggest therapy or other means to help you work through your depression. Prozac has been carefully studied for nearly 10 years. But remember, Prozac is a prescription medicine, and it isn’t right for everyone. Only your doctor can decide if Prozac is right for you — or for someone you love. Prozac has been prescribed for more than 17 million Americans. Chances are someone you know is feeling sunny again because of it. 60. All the following are true EXCEPT __________. A. It is easy to get rid of depression through tremendous determination. B. Sleep disorder is characteristic of depression symptoms. C. Depression can be caused by a combination of factors. D. Depression is a psychological state taking the form of low mood. 61. What can we learn about Prozac from this piece of information? A. Prozac is a newly-developed drug to treat depression. B. Patients who take Prozac can experience severe side effects. C. A medical prescription is necessary for Prozac. D. Over 17 million Americans have been cured by Prozac. 62. This piece of information is most probably __________. A. an introduction to a scientific project B. a part of prescription drug instructions C. a part of a research report in a medical journal D. an advertisement of a medicine for depression ( C ) Learning a second language is tricky at any age (and it only gets tougher the longer you wait to open that dusty French book). Now, in a new study, scientists have pinpointed the exact age at which your chances of reaching fluency in a second language seem to plummet: 10. The study, published in the journal Cognition, found that it’s “nearly impossible” for language learners to reach native-level fluency if they start learning a second tongue after 10. But that doesn’t seem to be because language skills go downhill. “It turns out you’re still learning fast. It’s just that you run out of time, because your ability to learn starts dropping at around 17 or 18 years old,” says study co-author Joshua Hartshorne, an assistant professor of psychology at Boston College. Kids may be better than adults at learning new languages for many reasons. Children’s brains are more plastic than those of adults, meaning they’re better able to adapt and respond to new information. “All learning involves the brain changing,” Hartshorne says, “and children’s brains seem to be a lot more skilled at changing.” Kids may also be more willing to try new things (and to potentially look foolish in the process) than adults are. Their comparatively new grasp on their native tongue may also be advantageous. Unlike adults, who tend to default (默 认) to the rules and patterns of their first language, kids may be able to approach a new one with a blank slate (石板). These findings may seem discouraging, but it was heartening for scientists to learn that the critical period for fluent language acquisition might be longer than they previously thought. Some scientists believed that the brief window closes shortly after birth, while others stretched it only to early adolescence. Compared to those estimates, 17 or 18 — when language learning ability starts to drop off — seems relatively old. “People fared better when they learned by immersion (沉浸), rather than simply in a classroom. And moving to a place where your desired language is spoken is the best way to learn as an adult. If that’s not an option, you can mimic an immersive environment by finding ways to have conversations with native speakers in their own communities,” Hartshorne says. By doing so, it’s possible to become conversationally proficient — even without the advantage of a child’s brain. 63. The word “plummet” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “__________”. A. plunge B. rise C. end D. vary 64. What can be inferred from Joshua Hartshorne’s words? A. Age 10-18 is the best time to learn a second language. B. Children are too young to grasp a second language. C. Communicating with native speakers enables you to master all the language skills. D. Adults go beyond the critical period for learning a second language. 65. What might be the reason why adults can’t reach native-level fluency in a second language? A. Adults are less influenced by their mother tongues. B. Adults are only too willing to experience something awkward in the process. C. Adults spend more time responding to new information. D. Adults prefer an immersive environment to a classroom in learning a second language . 66. The passage is mainly about __________. A. the approaches to learning a second language B. the best age to learn a second language C. why kids learn a second language more easily than adults D. whether adults can learn a second language like their younger selves 答案：56-59 CADC 60-62ACD 63-66ADCC13. 闵行区 (A) “You can use me as a last resort (选择), and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.” This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids’ lacrosse（长曲棍球）club. I guess that there’s probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on… At this point the unwilling parent speaks up, “Alright. Yes, I’ll do it.” I’m secretly relieved because I know there’s real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for end-of-season gifts. Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal. Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good. In that sense, I’m pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I’d freely like to admit. However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies? 56. What can we infer about the parent from her reply in paragraph l? A. She knows little about the club. B. She isn’t good at sports. C. She just doesn’t want to volunteer. D. She’s unable to meet her schedule. 57. What does the underlined phrase “tug at the heartstrings” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Encourage team work. B. Appeal to feelings. C. Promote good deeds. D. Provide advice. 58. What can we learn about the parent from paragraph 3? A. She gets interested in lacrosse. B. She is proud of her kids. C. She’ll work for another season. D. She becomes a good helper. 59. Why does the writer like doing volunteer work? A. It gives her a sense of duty. B. It makes her very happy. C. It enables her to work hard. D. It brings her material rewards.(B) (You may read the questions first.) History Fair Competition Understanding history is vital to understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation. History is much more than the study of dusty old objects and events long past. It is an essential part of who we are today and who we will become. Thornton Middle School History Fair Competition makes understanding history exciting, engaging, and fun！ This Year’s Theme All participants must address how communication or transportation technology has promoted the quality of life for Americans throughout history. To many people, technology means computers, hand-held devices, or vehicles that travel to distant planets. However, technology is also the application of scientific knowledge to solve a problem, touching lives in countless ways. Individuals or groups may enter one of the following categories： ·Performance ·Documentary ·Essay Writing Category Requirements Performance: A dramatic presentation of the topic no more than 10 minutes long. If special clothes are used，they should truly represent a given period. Documentary: A visual presentation (such as a video，slide show，or computer project) no more than 10 minutes long. A desktop computer, screen, projector, and loudspeakers will be available. Students must provide their presentations on CDs before Friday, March 23. Essay Writing: An academic paper of 2,000 to 2,500 words. No illustrations are allowed. Please do not include covers. A list of references must be included. Important Dates January 5 Submit a topic proposal to your history teacher. The teacher may require a second proposal if the first is off-topic or unclear. February 5 Submit a first draft of your essay, performance script, or documentary highlights. February 19 A committee of teachers will evaluate materials and give opinions. Students then have an opportunity to improve their products. March 9 Submit a final draft of your essay. March 15 Performance and documentary committee preview March 24 Thornton Middle School History Fair Competition 7：00 A.M.—9：00A.M. Participants signing in at the gym 10：00 A.M. —6：00P.M. Competition and judges’ review 7：00 P.M. Awards ceremony 60. What is the theme of this year’s competition? A. Technology advances science. B. Science interacts with technology. C. Science has made the study of history easy. D. Technology has improved the life of Americans. 61. What would a participant have to do with an essay of 1,500 words to meet the category requirement? A. Include more information in the essay. B. Remove the references. C. Provide a cover for the essay. D. Explain the details with illustrations. 62. What will the committee of teachers do on February 19? A. Preview performances and documentaries. B. Make comments on the materials. C. Improve the participant’s first draft. D. Collect a second proposal from the participant.(C) 　　When prehistoric man arrived in new parts of the world, something strange happened to the large animals. They suddenly became extinct. Smaller species survived. The large, slow-growing animals were easy game, and were quickly hunted to extinction. Now something similar could be happening in the oceans. 　　That the seas are being overfished has been known for years. What researchers such as Ransom Myers and Boris Worm have shown is just how fast things are changing. They have looked at half a century of data from fisheries around the world. Their methods do not attempt to estimate the actual biomass (the amount of living biological matter) of fish species in particular parts of the ocean, but rather changes in that biomass over time. According to their latest paper published in Nature, the biomass of large predators (animals that kill and eat other animals) in a new fishery is reduced on average by 80% within 15 years of the start of exploitation. In some long-fished areas, it has halved again since then. 　 　 Dr. Worm acknowledges that the figures are conservative. One reason for this is that fishing technology has improved. Today’s vessels (船) can find their prey using satellites and sonar, which were not available 50 years ago. That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes. In the early days, too, longlines (多钩长线) would have been more filled with fish. Some individuals would therefore not have been caught, since no baited hooks (带饵钩) would have been available to trap them, leading to an underestimate of fish stocks in the past. Furthermore, in the early days of longline fishing, a lot of fish were lost to sharks after they had been hooked. That is no longer a problem, because there are fewer sharks around now. 　　Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline, which future management efforts must take into account. They believe the data support an idea current among marine biologists, that of the “shifting baseline”. The idea is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past. That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield (产量) that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target species is about 50% of its original levels. Most fisheries are well below that, which is a bad way to do business. 63. The extinction of large prehistoric animals is noted to suggest that _________. 　　A. large animals were easily hurt in the changing environment 　　B. small species survived as large animals disappeared 　　C. large sea animals may face the same threat today 　　D. slow-growing fish outlive fast-growing ones 64. By saying these figures are conservative , Dr. Worm means that ________. 　　A. fishing technology has improved rapidly 　　B. the catch-sizes are actually smaller than recorded 　　C. the marine biomass has suffered a greater loss 　　D. the data collected so far are out of date 65. Dr. Myers and other researchers hold that ________. 　　A. people should look for a baseline that can’t work for a longer time 　　B. fisheries should keep the yield below 50% of the biomass 　　C. the ocean biomass should restore its original level 　　D. people should adjust the fishing baseline to changing situation 66. The writer seems to be mainly concerned with most fisheries’ _________. 　　A. biomass level　　　　 B. management efficiency 　　C. catch-size limits　　　　　　　 D. technological application 答案：56. C 57. B 58. D 59. B 60. D 61. A 62. B 63. C 64. C 65. D 66. A14. 普陀区 (A) Leftover again? Hurray Here’s the deal: You’re as hungry as a horse and you want a delicious meal from a fine restaurant, but you’re a little low on funds. So what do you do? If you happen to live in Europe, the answer is as easy as pie: You pull out your smartphone or tablet, and tap Too Good To Go, Europe’s most popular app. Approximately 23,000 restaurants and food sellers post their leftover offerings on the app for half their usual cost. Why all this incredible generosity? Unbelievably, one-third of the world’s food is thrown away, and nearly one billion people don’t have enough to eat. Besides, burning wasted food releases harmful carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere, which contributes to climate change. That’s why environment-minded companies around the world are creating apps for phones, tablets, and other smart devices that connect uneaten food with people who want or need it. After a long day at work, Anne, a 34-year-old student, pulls out her smartphone and chooses a noodle dish—pasta with mushrooms. Then she heads to a restaurant on the banks of the Spree River, where the owner packs her dinner and also offers her a scoop of free ice cream, which is a reward for bringing her own container. Indeed, there are many programs serving the same mission around the world. In America, people are using an app called Food for All. One hour before a restaurant closes, its staff can post leftover meals to the app for up to 80 percent off menu prices. The app also allows customers to donate leftover meals to others. In the Netherlands, 77,000 people have downloaded an app called NoFoodWasted. This program allows grocery store workers to share products that are approaching their expiration dates with customers who might need them. Some countries are taking their commitment to reducing food waste a step further. France and the Czech Republic, for example, have laws that prohibit restaurants and grocery stores from throwing away food. Instead, workers are required to donate that food to charity. So think about if there might be a better use for your uneaten vegetables. The planet will thank you. 56. What is this passage mainly about? A. Restaurants can post leftover meals on the app Food for All. B. Apps are designed connecting leftover food with people in need. C. Stores share food approaching their expiration dates with customers. D. It’s popular for people to claim food that might otherwise be thrown away. 57. What is the result when lots of food is thrown out and later burned up? A. Carbon dioxide is given off, worsening the problem of climate change. B. Some countries have laws making restaurants donate the food they make. C. Governments have made many apps that let people find cheap meals. D. Nearly one billion people on the planet do not get enough food to eat. 58. What can you infer from the passage? A. Anne packed a tasty pasta and mushroom dish to give away to charity. B. The restaurant Anne visits sells its leftover food at a discount each day. C. The 80-percent-off deal offered on app is not available during lunch hours. D. Laws have been passed to prevent restaurants from throwing out leftover food. 59. This passage would be most useful for a student research project on _____. A. application of technology to help solve the problem of leftover food B. laws to help promote the safe transportation and sale of food products C. restaurants using high-tech solutions to reduce packaging waste D. methods to design apps that connect restaurants with customers(B) Read the information taken from the pain reliever bottles and answer the questions. Medicine A Medicine B Drug Facts -------------------------------------------------- Active ingredient Purpose (in each tablet) Pain reliever/ 325 mg…………..…………fever reducer Drug Facts ------------------------------------------------ Active ingredient Purpose (in each gelcap) Pain reliever/ 500mg…………………..…fever reducer Uses provides temporary relief of ■ headache ■ pain and fever of colds ■ toothache ■ muscle pain ■ minor pain of arthritis Uses ■ temporarily relieves minor aches and pains due to headache, muscular aches, backache, the common cold, toothache, minor pain of arthritis ■ temporarily reduces fever Warnings Reye’s syndrome: Children and teenagers who have or are recovering from chicken pox or flu-like symptoms should not use this product. When using this product, if changes in behavior with nausea and vomiting occur, consult a doctor because these symptoms could be an early sign of Reye’s syndrome, a rare but serious illness. Warnings Alcohol warning: If you consume 3 or more alcoholic drinks every day, ask your doctor whether you should take This product or other pain relievers/fever reducers. This product may cause liver damage. Alcohol warning: If you consume 3 or more alcoholic drinks every day, ask your doctor whether you should take aspirin or other pain relievers/fever reducers. Aspirin may cause stomach bleeding. Overdose warning: Taking more than the recommend dose (overdose) may cause liver damage. In case of overdose, get medical help or contact a Poison Control Center right away. Quick medical attention is critical for adults as well as for children even if you do not notice any signs or symptoms. Ask a doctor before use if you have ■asthma ■stomach problems that persist or recur ■ulcers ■ bleeding problems Stop use and ask a doctor if ■ pain worsens or lasts more than 10 days ■ fever worsens or lasts more than 3 days ■ new symptoms occur ■ redness or swelling is presents ■ ringing in the ears or loss of hearing occurs Directions ■ adults: 1 to 2 tablets with water. Dosage may be repeated every 4 hours, not to exceed 12 tablets in 24 hours. ■ children under 12: consult a doctor. Directions ■ do not take more than directed (see overdose warning) ■ adults and children 12 years and over: take 2 gelcaps every 4 to 6 hours as needed. Do not take more than 8 gelcaps in 24 hours. ■ children under 12 years: do not use this adult Extra Strength product in children under 12 years of age; this will provide more than the recommended dose (overdose) of acetaminophen and may cause liver damage. 60. Which medicine may hurt liver according to the instructions? A. Medicine A. B. Medicine B. C. Both medicines. D. Neither medicine. 61. These two medicines are most suitable for _____. A. a child who has a common cold B. an adult who has trouble falling asleep C. a teenager who slightly hurt his wrist D. an old man who has stomach bleeding 62. Which of the following can be found in the instructions? A. Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI). B. Ingredients of the medicine. C. Facts about the origin of the medicine. D. Names of the doctors to consult.(C) Imagine how you’d feel if you had to get more than 9,000 tons of junk out to the sidewalk. That’s how much trash is floating around in space. In fact, there’s about 4 million pounds flying over our heads in low-Earth orbit. Daan, a Dutch artist, and his team at Space Waste Lab have come up with a creative plan that could clear up space junk in a spectacular fashion. ①Most space waste comes from dead satellites and rockets. Functioning satellites are the backbone of the information systems that keep our world running smoothly. But all the satellites eventually become obsolete within just a few decades. When they die out, there’s the problem of them drifting in outer space, collecting in what scientists call the “graveyard orbit.” Maybe you’re thinking, “Why should I care about garbage 12,500 miles above me?” Well, all that fun stuff that satellites help beam down to us—mobile games, Instagram, cat videos—could be shut down by space waste. Lots of old junk floating around up there, plus new satellites added each year, means more and more high-speed collisions (碰撞). And when chunks of junk crash into one another, they break apart into millions of pieces, quickly building up speed and turning into fast-moving objects, which are dangerous to operational satellites as well as astronauts working on the International Space Station. ②Space waste is a problem that’s escalated so much, some scientists say that by 2050 we’ll be forced to stop launching new spacecraft altogether, including new satellites. Think about that for a minute. When the last satellites finally become disused, GPS, cell phones, and the Internet will no longer function. ③So we have to find a way to deal with this space garbage, and Daan pictures a sort of trash pickup, which involves groups of small spacecraft casting large nets into orbit that would collect space debris (碎片) and send it back toward Earth at top speed. Here’s the best part—while reentering Earth’s atmosphere, the pieces of junk would burn up all at once, creating a light show similar to hundreds of shooting stars falling in the night sky. A spectacle indeed! To get ready for such an amazing effort, Space Waste Lab has been traveling to major cities across Europe and enlightening the public on the problem of the junk in space. ④But Daan doesn’t just talk about ways to relieve the problem—he’s created something a little grander than that. In October 2018, his team launched Space Waste Lab Performance, an outdoor art exhibition that shows the location of each piece of space trash using large lasers that make each debris look a bit like a star wandering slowly and silently over the sky, allowing viewers to wave and say, “Hallo, space trash!” 63. The word “obsolete” (paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to “______”. A. accessible B. profitable C. floating D. outdated 64. According to the passage, which sentence best replaces the question mark in the diagram? A. Working satellites can be damaged and astronauts can be hurt. B. Satellites can help people track the weather and find new locations. C. There is more junk floating in space each year as new satellites are added. D. The Space Waste Lab Performance can show people where satellites are located. 65. Which of the following best supports the idea that space waste should be dealt with very soon？ A. Sentences ① B. Sentence ② C. Sentence ③ D. Sentence ④ 66. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. Space Junk Harms Digital Systems B. Artists’ Proposal to Save Space C. A New Glimpse into Outer Space D. Test of Waste Collection Nets 答案：56-59 BACA 60-62 BCA 63-66 DABB Cause Satellites crash into other pieces of space. junk. Sharp pieces of metal can fly through space junk. Effects ?15. 奉贤区 (A) There was something in the elderly woman's behavior that caught my eye. Although slow and unsure of step, the woman moved with deliberation, and there was no hesitation in her gestures. She was as good as anyone else, her movements suggested. And she had a job to do. The elderly woman had walked into the store along with a younger woman who I guessed was her daughter. The daughter was displaying a serious case of impatience, rolling her eyes, huffing and sighing, checking her watch every few seconds. If she had possessed a belt, her mother would have been fastened to it as a means of dragging her along to keep step with the rush of other shoppers. The older woman detached from the younger one and began to glance over the DVDs on the nearest shelf. After the slightest hesitation, I walked over and asked if I could help her find something. The woman smiled up at me and showed me a title scrawled（潦草地写）on a crumpled piece of paper. The title was unusual and a bit unfamiliar. Clearly a person looking for it knew a little about movies, about quality. Rather than rushing off to locate the DVD for the woman, I asked her to walk with me so I could show her where she could find it. Looking back, I think I wanted to enjoy her company for a moment. Something about her deliberate movements reminded me of my own mother, who'd passed away the previous Christmas. As we walked along the back of the store, I narrated its floor plan: old television shows, action movies, cartoons, science fiction. The woman seemed glad of the unrushed company and casual conversation. We found the movie, and I complimented her on her choice. She smiled and told me it was one she'd enjoyed when she was her son's age and that she hoped he would enjoy it as much as she had. Maybe, she said with a hint of eagerness, he could enjoy it with his own young children. Then, reluctantly, I had to return the elderly woman to her keeper, who was still tapping her foot at the front of the store. I accompanied the older woman to the queue at the cash register and then stepped back and lingered near the younger woman. When the older woman's turn in line came, she paid in cash, counting out the dollars and coins with the same sureness she'd displayed earlier ... 56. What does "she had a job to do" (Para.l) mean according to the context? A.She had a regular job in the store. B.She wanted to ask for help. C.She wanted to buy a DVD. D.She was thinking of what to buy. 57. What does the title of the DVD reveal according to the shop assistant? A.The elderly woman had some knowledge about movies. B.The elderly woman liked movies for young children. C.The elderly woman preferred movies her son liked. D.The elderly woman liked both old and new movies. 58. While looking for the DVD with the old woman, the shop assistant was ______. A.hesitant B. casual C. cautious D. considerate 59. What is the main purpose of this passage? A.To describe what a movie nut is like B.To remind readers to spend more time accompanying their family C.To stress the importance of company and understanding. D.To explore the key aspects of current parental-child relationship （B） As unpleasant emotions go, anxiety is the roughest. It's a vague, pit-of-the-stomach fear that sneaks up to you -- that unease you get when your boss says that she needs to talk to you right away, when the phone rings at 4:00 a.m., or when your dentist looks into your mouth and says "Hmm" for the third time. Lingering anxiety can keep you up at night, make you irritable, undermine your ability to concentrate, and ruin your appetite. And the constant state of readiness generated by anxiety -- adrenaline pumping, heart racing, palms sweating--may contribute to high blood pressure and heart disease. How to prevent anxiety then? Meditate. Maybe you're just high-strung. If so, meditation (冥想）is worth a try. It cultivates a calmness that eases anxious feelings and offers a sense of control. A study at the University of Massachusetts found that volunteers who took an 8-week meditation course were considerably less anxious afterward. People who are high-strung find that they are dramatically calmer with 20 minutes of meditation in the morning and another 20 minutes after dinner. Jog,walk, swim, or cycle. If you can't make time for meditation, be sure to make time for regular exercise. Exercise can have the same calming effect as meditation, particularly if it's something repetitive like running or swimming laps. Treatment? Remember to breathe. When you're anxious, you tend to hold your breath or breathe too shallowly. That makes you feel more anxious. Breathing slowly and deeply can have a calming effect. To make sure that you're breathing correctly, place your hand on your diaphragm (横膈膜), just below your rib cage (胸腔). Feel it rise with each inhalation（吸气） and fall with each exhalation. Let's say you are anxious about your competence on the job. Ask yourself "What, in particular, am I afraid that I'll mess up?" Maybe you’re afraid that you get further behind and miss your deadlines. Or maybe you're worried that you're blowing it whenever you present your ideas in meetings. Are your worries founded? Have you had several near misses with deadlines? Are your suggestions routinely rejected? If not, the anxiety is needless. If there is a real problem, work on a solution: Pace yourself to better meet deadlines, or join a public speaking class. 60. Which of the following symptoms is NOT directly caused by anxiety? A.Lower in concentration. B. No appetite. C.Heart racing. D. High blood pressure. 61. According to the passage, what can be done to avoid anxiety? A. Exercising regularly. B. Keeping breath steady. C. Breathing with the help of hands. D. Adjusting the pace of life. 62. What is the last paragraph about? A. Anxiety at work and its solutions. B.People's anxiety about their capabilities. C.The reason for someone's incompetence. D.The function of public speaking class.(C) Archaeologists used DNA taken from a broken clay pipe stem found in Maryland to build a picture of an enslaved woman who died around 200 years ago and had origins in modern-day Sierra Leone. One researcher called the work “a mind-blower.” “In this particular context, and from that time period, I think it's a first,” team member Hannes Schroeder told The Washington Post. “To be able to get DNA from an object like a pipe stem is quite exciting. Also it is exciting for descendant (后裔)communities... Through this technology, they're able to make a connection not only to the site but potentially back to Africa.” The pipe stem was found at the Belvoir plantation in Crownsville, Maryland, where enslaved people lived until 1864 and where a likely slave cemetery was recently found. DNA taken from the pipe linked back to a woman either directly from or descended from the Mende people, who lived in west Africa, in an area now part of Sierra. Julie Schablitsky, the chief archaeologist with the Maryland state highway administration, told The Post the discovery, based on saliva (唾液)absorbed into the clay pipe, was a “mind-blower”. She also said records show the existence of a slave trade route from Sierra Leone to Annapolis, plied by British and American ships. “As soon as people stepped on those slave ships in Africa,” she said, “whether they were from Benin or whether they were from Sierra Leone, wherever they were from, that identity was lost. Their humanity is stripped from. Who they are as a people has gone.” The new analysis is part of ongoing research around Belvoir that has given descendants of the people enslaved there new insight into the lives of their ancestors. Speaking to The Post, Nancy Daniels, a genealogist from Laurel, Maryland, who thinks she is a descendant of enslaved families from Belvoir but was not linked to the research on the pipe, called the discovery “overwhelming.” “I'm sitting here about ready to cry,” she said. “I'm sorry. I'm so happy ... Thank God for the DNA.” This year, events and ceremonies are being held to mark the 400th anniversary of the arrival of the first enslaved people in America, at Jamestown,Virginia, in 1619. Slavery was effectively abandoned in the US on 1 January 1863, with the issue by Abraham Lincoln of the Emancipation Proclamation. It formally ended in December 1865, after the civil war, with the approval of the 13th amendment (修正案). 63. What does the phrase “a mind-blower” in paragraphs 1 and 4 refer to? A. A surprise B. A confusion C. An excitement D. A fascination 64. According to Hannes Schroeder, the pipe stem was of great significance because________. A. it was the first direct evidence that slaves living in Maryland were originally from Africa. B. it helped the archaeologists to draw a portrait of the enslaved woman. C. it might contribute to identifying the birthplace of the descendant communities. D. it contained genic clues to the ancestral background of its owner. 65. What can be inferred from the passage? A. The owner of the pipe once lived in what is now an area in west Africa. B. The history of slavery in America is an ongoing topic of concern. C. African slaves lost their identities when they arrived at the Belvoir plantation. D. Nancy Daniels, a genealogist was sorry for not being involved in the research. 66. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. DNA from an old pipe throws lights on the origins of the enslaved B. A new research reveals the origins of enslaved African woman C. The descendants of enslaved people seek their identities D. DNA contributes to the breakthrough of a new research 答案：56-59CADC 60-62DAA 63-66CDBA