绝密★启用前
长郡中学2021届高三开学摸底考试
英 语
本试题卷共10页，67小题。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1、答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2、选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3、非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4、考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What is the woman waiting to do?
A.Go to a local concert. B.Watch a TV program. C.Finish her homework.
2.What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A.The weather of this summer. B.A plan for the coming summer. C.The environmental protection.
3.What is the woman doing now?
A.Painting a picture. B.Drinking hot water. C.Repairing her brush.
4.How far is the nearest hotel?
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A.Eight kilometers away. B.Five kilometers away. C.Three kilometers away.
5.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A.Manager and chef B.Guide and traveler. C.Waiter and customer.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6.Where are the cups?
A.In the plastic bag. B.In the new basket. C.In the box with the plates.
7.Why are the speakers unable to cook anything?
A.They forgot the frying pan. B.They left their food behind. C.They couldn't get any water.
听第7段材料，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8.How do the speakers probably feel about their visit to Trafalgar Square last year?
A.Extremely satisfied. B.Generally unconcerned. C.A little disappointed.
9.What makes the woman give up the idea of attending a party?
A.The cold weather. B.The lack of money. C.The shortage of time
听第8段材料，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10.Why does the man need to go to Rome?
A.To check his credit card. B.To go on a business trip. C.To rearrange a conference.
11.When does Air France,AF 632 take off?
A.At 10:00 am. B.At 1:00 pm. C.At 7:00 pm.
12. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A.On the plane. B.At the ticket office. C.At the boarding gate.
听第9段材料，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13.Who is Angie?
A.A popular actress. B.A 17-year-old girl. C.A character in a film.
14.What had Tania previously thought of seeing herself on screen?
A. Boring. B.Terrifying. C.Enjoyable.
15.What can we know about Tania?
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A.She follows normal rules all the time.
B.She is much more confident than Angie.
C.She cares about people's opinions on her.
16.What will the speakers do next?
A.Take a break. B.See a new film. C.Act some roles.
听第10段材料，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. How many stages are there in a night's sleep?
A.4. B. 5. C. 6.
18.How does the final stage of sleep influence us according to recent experiments?
A.By clearing most of our memories.
B.By helping us improve our learning.
C.By removing our ambiguous thoughts.
19.What does the speaker say about the busy modem life?
A.It can damage our health. B.It makes us look younger. C.It is extremely convenient.
20.What is the topic for the next class?
A.How to sleep well. B.The effect of sleep. C.Two types of sleep.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Have you ever dreamed of going to beautiful destinations in Europe?Dream no more, because TECNO is here to fulfill that dream.
Africa number one smartphone brand-TECNO is once again set to reward consumers with up to 2 million Naira and a tour to beautiful destinations in Europe in the"Unlock A New CAM* ERA"photography contest.
Join the"Unlock A New CAM*ERA"contest by uploading your creative pictures and stand a chance to be selected among the 24 people that will go on a 3-day photography camping contest.
In the TECNO#UnlockCAMission,there are three missions.The first mission-a macro-photography contest has ended and winners will be announced soon.
But you can still participate in the second and third mission
●Mission 2-Wide-Angle Photography-Here you are required to take a wide-angle photo of any landmark structure around you.
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●Mission 3-Low-Light Photography-This requires you to take exceptional pictures at night or in low light environment with your smartphone.
The second mission is currently ongoing and you can join the contest right here.All entries
must be accompanied with the hashtag (标签）＃UnlockCAMission.
8 lucky people will be selected from each mission and qualify for an all-expense-paid trip to a location in Nigeria.Right in the camp,they will be given photography tasks and so the fun would begin.Whoever is able to complete his or her tasks will win the new Camon 12 and lots of cash prizes.At the end of the 3-day camping,three best participants will be selected to go on the adventure to Europe free of charge.
How to participate offline
●Visit any TECNO Shop to purchase the new Camon 12,and get your raffle ticket(兑奖券）.
●Keep your raffle ticket,at the end of the campaign,there will be a raffle draw and 2 people stand a chance to win an all-expense-paid tour to Europe.
The#UnlockCAMission challenge will run until the 30th of May,2020.Join the challenge today and stand a chance to have a fun and memorable Ember season in Europe.
21.What is probably the purpose of the contest?
A.To give back to consumers.
B.To promote European tourism.
C.To help people to realize dreams.
D.To search for expert photographers.
22.What is a necessary requirement of Mission 2?
A.A wide-angle photo of nature.
B.A macro-photography knowledge.
C.Pictures taken in low light environment.
D.Entries with the hashtag#UnlockCAMission.
23.How many people at most can have a free tour to Europe through the campaign?
A. 24. B. 8. C. 5. D. 3.
B
Walt Disney has spent the past three years making a shift to online streaming.Bob Iger, Disney' s chief executive has repeatedly called the shift the"number one priority".
It therefore came as a surprise when Disney abruptly announced that Mr.Iger was retiring, with nearly two years left,to be replaced"immediately"by Bob Chapek,who has least experience in streaming.
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＂You thought you were going hard right,and all of a sudden you went hard left,"said Rich Greenfield,a media analyst.He compared the choice to Apple's decision to replace Steve Jobs with Tim Cook:"You're choosing the operating executive instead of the wise,dynamic CEO."
The appointment came as a surprise also because analysts had considered Kevin Mayer, another longtime Disney executive,as the most likely candidate to take over Iger's position.In March 2018,Mayer was appointed to run Disney' s streaming and international businesses-a high-profile job given Mr.Iger's emphasis on streaming as the future of the entire group.
＂When thinking about what I need to do before I leave the company,creatively getting everything on track is my number one goal.If I also need to run the company every day,I will not be able to do that,"said Iger.
According to the financial report,while Disney 's streaming has attracted more subscribers, the war of streaming media is a war of burning money.It lost$693 million.
It is the theme park business in the charge of Chapek that has performed the task of"blood transfusion"for these money-burning new businesses.In 2019,by September,Disney' s theme park unit operating profit rose by 11%to$6.76 billion.Wall Street analysis predicts that by September 2024,Disney 's theme park division will have a profit of$10 billion and streaming media operating profit is expected to approach$2.5 billion.
＂Look at the businesses he's been in charge of.They have nothing to do with streaming,but everything to do with profitability,"said Brian Wieser,president of business intelligence at GroupM.
24.What does Iger value most in running Walt Disney in the last few years?
A.Repeated changes. B.More profit. C.Creative goal. D.Online streaming.
25.What is Greenfield' s attitude towards the appointment of Chapek?
A.Doubtful. B.Curious. C.Supportive. D.Ignorant.
26.What does the underlined part"blood transfusion"in Paragraph 7 probably mean?
A.Saving lives. B.Ending a war. C.Borrowing money. D.Recovering losses.
27.Why was Chapek rather than Mayer appointed as Disney' s chief executive?
A.Chapek is more experienced in streaming.
B.Mayer was too self-satisfied after 2018 promotion.
C.Chapek is abler to get Disney financially balanced.
D.Mayer caused Disney to lose much in pushing streaming.
C
In a classic episode(片段）of The Simpions,Homer's class reunion ends in shame when one of Homer's guilty secrets is exposed:he never graduated from high school.To get this diploma,he must pass a science test.As he sits down to retake the exam,he holds one of his trademark dialogues with his brain."All right,brain.You don't like me and I don't like you.But let's just do this and I can get back to killing you with beer."
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Many a true word is spoken as a joke.Homer Simpson's Everyman character really is an Everyman.For most people,engaging in the kind of effortful thinking that is required to pass a science test feels too much like hard work.It is so much easier to quit and let the brain's autopilot talker over.
And no wonder.Evolution has blessed the human brain with all kinds of mental shortcuts that make life manageable.If we had to think about every action or weigh up every decision,we would break down.As a result,certain ideas and modes of thinking come naturally to us,such as effortless thinking.
But at huge cost.Our mental shorteuts work fine at the level of individuals and small scale societies,but in an increasingly interconnected and globalized world,they are a danger to society. Effortless thinking is at the root of many of the modern world's most serious problem: terrorism, hatred,inequality and elisious exremism.All are caused by people diseng ging their critical thinking and going with their gut(非理性的）feeling.
Everybody is capable of gut feeling,but also of the critical thinking.Both thinking styles are needed to make the world go round.Unfortunately,the later requires training that is unavailable or unappealing to many people.
One of the bright spots in 2020 was the start of a movement called the March For Science. Those who believe in the power of science need to keep on marching,or give more power to people who don't much like their own brains-or other people's.
28.What does the author want to convey through Homer's story?
A.Feeling is very important.
B.Drinking beer is harmful to one's brain.
C.High school seniors should work hard.
D.Most people hate effortful thinking like Homer.
29.What is the fourth paragraph mainly about?
A.Our mental shortcuts function well.
B.Effortless thinking is expensive for people.
C.Effortless thinking is dangerous to society.
D.People prefer effortless thinking to critical thinking
30.What does the author think of critical thinking?
A.It makes the world go round.
B.It needs necessary training.
C.It works fine at the level of personal affairs.
D.It leads to the March For Science in 2020.
31.What is the best title for the text?
A.We Need to March Towards Science.
B.Thinking Contributes to Social Problems.
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C.Effortless Thinking Is Out of Date.
D.Critical Thinking Is Urgently Needed.
D
A tracked robot approaches a pile of brushwood blocking its path.This is Rolan,short for Robot Manipulator(操控者），who is practising for what is its graduation ceremony,when it will show off its skills.After a pause,it reaches out an arm,takes hold of a branch,lifts it up and drags it clear.
Though this is a small action for a human being,it is a breakthrough for robots,according to Stuart Young of the Army Research Laboratory,who is in charge of the RoMan project.As is known,robots easily become confused by something unexpected,some unfamiliar and none with convenient handles.Taking it apart is far beyond the power of any industrial robot.Dr.Young says that,as far as he knows,RoMan is the first machine able to manipulate unfamiliar objects in an unknown environment.
Just as a human being would,it has to learn about the world through observation and experiment before manipulating it.So it is trained on numerous tree branches until it is able to recognize unfamiliar ones for what they are and knows to grasp the trunk,rather than the leaves or the branches.Having grasped an object,RoMan assesses its weight and decides whether to try to lift it or drag it.
Dr.Young hopes to take this further by dealing with piles of burning tyres.He also wants RoMan to be able to use its body weight in the way a human being might to push open a tight door or to move heavy furniture by bracing against a wall.One problem with RoMan is that it is still impractically slow.It often takes 10-15 seconds to decide what to do.RoMan will also need to learn to deal with a wider range of objects.
However,the device's future could be bright.Beyond military applications,its following generations might work in warehouses,pick fruit,clear litter or tidy people's homes.They might even collect rocks from the surface of Mars.
32.Why does RoMan take a pause before taking action?
A.The branch is too heavy for it.
B.It is reflecting on its next move.
C.It takes time to show off its skills.
D.It is totally confused by the mess.
33.What does the underlined word"it"refer to in Paragraph 3?
A.Everything existing around.
B.Observation before manipulating.
C.The similarity to a human being.
D.RoMan's ability acquired by training.
34.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A.The author's wish for RoMan. B.The power of RoMan's weight.
C.Dr.Young's regret for RoMan. D.RoMan's room for improvement.
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35.In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A.Sports&Entertainment. B.Health&Medicine. C.Education&Career. D.Science&Technology.
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Be on time.It's a simple command,and one you've probably heard since you were a child. 36 But,as an adult,if you're habitually late,you run the risk of ruining your professional reputation-no matter how smart,competent,or capable you might be. 37 Here are some reasons why it definitely does-along with my tips for making punctuality a priority.
It Shows You Care
We live in an extraordinarily busy world.We schedule meetings and appointments back-to-back,constantly surrounded by phone calls,emails,and texts that need to be answered＂immediately."Getting to a meeting or appointment on time shows that it's important to you,and something for which you've planned.38
It Shows You're Responsible
Your co-workers,clients,and partners want to know that they can trust you to get the job done-and being punctual is an easy way to demonstrate that you can. 39 Conversely,flying down the hallway,showing up breathless to a meeting,then hurrying for your papers and notes gives an impression of chaos and disorder-not exactly the message you want to send.
It Reduces Stress
You know how stressful being late can be.But constantly rushing and scrambling to catch up not only makes you feel being in a panic- 40 Making sure that you show up on time prevents all that anxiety in the first place(yours and theirs!).Instead of panicking about the clock, you can focus your attention on what really matters-your job.
A.Being late can cost you friends.
B.And,of course,one you've likely ignored before.
C.it also makes everyone around you anxious and uncomfortable.
D.it also makes you earn a reputation of being someone others can count on.
E.It indicates that you're organized,responsible,and in control of your time.
F.If you think punctuality doesn't matter,think again.
G.Being late,however,sends the message that your time is more valuable than everyone else' s.
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
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The sound woke Damian Languell at 8:15 in the morning.Watching out of his bedroom window,he saw a tree 41 in smoke about 500 yards away.A car was wrapped around the tree's base,its engine 42.
＂I grabbed buckets of water,"said Languell.Then he ran to the crash 43.The car looked worse up close.It was nearly 44 into two,and the tree was where the driver's seat ought to have been,as if planted there.No one should have 45 this crash,and yet there was 16-year-old Quintin Thompson,his 46 face pressed against the driver's side window,in visible 47.Languell,35,tried pouring the fire with his buckets of water with no success." When the 48 got into the front seats,I realized I had to get him out of there,"he said.
Completely 49 his own safety,Languell opened the car's back door and 50 in.He cut through Thompson' s seat belt using a pocketknife he'd had the foresight to bring with him. Now that Thompson was free of the 51,Languell pulled him out of the vehicle,and then 52 the teen to safety just before the entire car was surrounded in flames.
Although Thompson suffered several breakings to his legs,spine,and face,a social media post 53 him as"looking great,smiling,and joking".Displaying the sort of sympathy that 54 him to help,he explained,"My heart goes out to Thompson.When you are that close to that level of hurt,you feel it so 55."
41.A.swallowed B.preserved C.melted D.settled
42.A.beyond reach B.under control C.on fire D.in shape
43.A.levels B.surroundings C.direction D.site
44.A.developed B.arranged C.shot D.divided
45.A.explained B.planned C.survived D.prevented
46. A. terrified B.relaxed C. moved D.confused
47.A.eagerness B.doubt C.pain D.devotion
48.A.flames B.water C.branches D.fuel
49. A. denying B.ignoring C. respecting D.guaranteeing
50.A.climbed B. slipped C.ran D.called
51.A.dilemma B.trap C.destination D.embarrassment
52.A.forced B.showed C.dragged D.accompanied
53. A. thanked B.employed C.served D.described
54. A. ordered B. drove C.begged D.trained
55.A.directly B.hopelessly C. calmly D.effectively
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The development of science and technology can not be separated from time.A Spanish businessman spent over 8 years 56_______(develop)a new textile called Pinatex.Pinatex is a new
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textile material made from pineapple leaf fibers,57 ______are the waste of the pineapple harvest. Carmen Hijosa,who founded Ananas Anam,a company that aimed 58_______(market) Pinatex, works with pineapple farmers in the Philippiness who harvest and get the fibers from the leaves. The fibers are 59______(strong)and more flexible than ordinary materials.Since its appearance in the market in the mid-2015,Pinatex 60______(use)by about 500 firms including a recent collaboration with Hugo Boss on a pair of 61________(sneaker).Smaller companies have also been inspired by its unique look and feel.
People are usually attracted to Pinatex at first sight and most of the time they mistake 62 ______for leather.Timothy Turner-Sutton,director of the famous brand Altiir who has a personal 63_________（collect)of biker style jackets entirely made from Pinatex,says,"It's got a unique quality.It behaves like leather 64________(extreme)in every way but it's animal-friendly."
In addition to clothing,the company is entering more new markets 65_______ before.It is working hard to make sure the materials we use have least effect on the environment.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，你校计划开设中国传统乐器二胡的网络课程。你的网友Chris对二胡很感兴趣，请写封邮件告诉他该课程的有关情况，内容包括：
1. 写邮件的原因；
2. 介绍课程的主要内容；
3. 告知每周的直播时间。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Chris,
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
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第二节 (满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
William Preston was sorry to see his mother Krystal Preston struggle.Finding herself newly single with three children and three dogs inside her home,Krystal Preston said she was at a"low point"in her life.The family had just made a fresh start,but with no car or means of transportation, Krystal was struggling to make ends meet."The last couple of weeks have been filled with so many tears,anger,confusion,and heartache,"Krystal wrote.
William was only 13,but as the oldest boy,he already considered himself the man of the family.He was a hard worker who often helped out around the neighborhood to earn extra cash for his family,doing everything including odd jobs.After watching a YouTube video of someone gifting their mother a car,William immediately began setting his plan in motion.
William went on Facebook's marketplace and soon located an inexpensive car.The boy looked around his house and his eyes landed on the only valuable object he owned:his Xbox(微软游戏机）. If he combined the value of the Xbox with his own ability to trade work for cash, perhaps it was possible for him to help his mother out.He quickly typed an email to the seller.
＂It was really cheap so I asked her if I could trade it or earn it.And at first she said no,but after she thought about it,then she said yes,"William recalled.William negotiated(谈判）a trade with the woman,providing house and yard work along with his Xbox in exchange for the car. When the deal was done,the seller even came to his house with him.Krystal said that the day her son walked into the kitchen and told her he'd bought her a car,and that she didn't believe him at first.After she met the seller,however,she began to see that he was absolutely telling the truth.
Paragraph 1:
Krystal was so moved by her son's actions.
Paragraph 2:
Krystal says that her son's actions have been life-changing in many ways.
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