江苏省南京市2020~2021学年度高三上学期开学考试英语试题（解析版）

南京市 2020~2021 学年度高三年级第一学期期初检测 英语试题 第二部分 阅读理解 第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A It's generally believed that people act the way they do because of their personalities and attitudes .They recycle their garbage because the care about the environment .They pay $5 for a caramel brulée latte because they like expensive coffee drinks. It's undeniable that behavior comes from our inner dispositions (性情), but in many instances we also draw inferences about who we are, as suggested by the social psychologist Daryl Bem , by observing our own behavior .We can be strangers to ourselves .If we knew our own minds, why would we need to guess what our preferences are from our behavior? If our minds were an open book, we would know exactly how much we care about the environment or like lattes .Actually , we often need to look to our behavior to figure out who we are. Moreover, we don't just use our behavior to learn about our particular types of character—we infer characters that weren't there before .Our behavior is often shaped by little pressures around us, which we fail to recognize .Maybe we recycle because our wives and neighbors would disapprove if we didn't .Maybe we buy lattes in order to impress the people around us .We should not mistakenly believe that we always behave as a result of some inner disposition. Whatever pressures there can be or inferences one can make, people become what they do, though it may not be in compliance (符合) with their true desires .Therefore , we should all bear in mind Kurt Vonnegut's advice: “We are what we pretend to be, so we must be careful about what we pretend to be.” 1. According to the passage, personalities and attitudes are commonly believed to___. A. determine one's behavior B. reflect one's taste C. influence one's surroundings D. result from one's habits 2. Which of the following would Daryl Bem most probably agree with?__ A. The return of a wallet can indicate one's honesty. B. A kind person will offer his seat to the old. C. One recycles plastics to protect the environment.D. One buys latte out of true love of coffee. 3. What can be inferred from the underlined sentence in the passage?___ A. We fail to realize our inner dispositions. B. We can be influenced by outside pressures. C. Our behavior is the result of our true desires. D. Our characters can shape our social relationships. 4. What does the author mainly discuss in the passage?___ A. Personalities and attitudes. B. Preferences and habits. C. Behavior and personalities. D. Attitudes and preferences. 【答案】1. A 2. A 3. B 4. C 【解析】 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了行为和个性之间的关系。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段 It’s generally believed that people act the way they do because of their personalities and attitudes.可知，个性和态度通常被认为会决定一个人的行为。故选 A。 【2 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段 It’s undeniable that behavior comes from our inner dispositions(性情), but in many instances we also draw inferences about who we are, as suggested by the social psychologist Daryl Bern, by observing our own behavior.可知，社会学家 Daryl Bern 认为，通过观察我们的行为可以判断出我们是谁，因 为行为来自于我们的内在倾向，所以返还钱包可以表明一个人的诚实。故选 A。 【3 题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段 Maybe we recycle because our wives and neighbors would disapprove if we didn’t.（可 能我们会回收是因为如果我们不这样做的话，我们的妻子和邻居会反对）可知，我们可能会受到外界压力 的影响做某些事。故选 B。 【4 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要讨论了行为和个性之间的关系。故选 C。 B One moment it was quiet and calm in the forest, the next, the air was charged with tension. The elephant had heard the distant alarm calls of animals and her mood suddenly changed. I urged the elephant deeper into the forest. We sounded like a forest fire-crackling, snapping, trailblazing. But through all the noise came a sharp warning cry. The elephant stopped and we heard it again — the tell-tale call of a spotted deer. I looked quickly around the shadows of the forest. Rays of sunlight shone through tree branches, beneath which the patchwork (交错) of green plants and shadows-within-shadows would make tiger stripes (条纹) look more attractive. Apart from an occasional noise from the elephant’s stomach, the forest was silent. Gradually, the tension slipped from our bodies. The elephant seized a nearby branch and put it into her mouth. I reached forward and gently moved my hand over the elephant’s neck; there was a soft part, free of wrinkles and hairs, behind her ear. This was my fourth time to sense the aura of the forest in Corbett, although I saw no tigers in the end. Located at the foot of the Himalayan mountains, Corbett is home to about 135 Bengal tigers, but the forest seemed to be guarding their whereabouts(出没处), a silent reminder of their secrecy and rarity. Still, I was happy enough touching the elephant behind the ear. If I had so desperately wanted to see a tiger, I could have gone to a zoo. After all, spotting tigers merely confirms their beauty; tracking them can make you aware of something more. 5. Which of the following was a clear signal of alarm? A. The elephant stopped. B. A spotted deer called. C. The elephant seized a branch. D. The forest was silent for a while. 6. The author begins his account of the tour in the forest mainly by ____________. A. describing various sounds B. comparing different animals C. listing different activities D. introducing various plants 7. What does the underlined part ＂to sense the aura＂ most probably mean? A. To see the diversity. B. To enjoy the scenery. C. To feel the atmosphere. D. To experience the freedom. 8. How does the author feel after several visits to Corbett? A. Seeing a Bengal tiger is quite thrilling.B. It is very time-consuming to travel in Corbett. C. It is really worthwhile to study the animals in Corbett. D. The process of finding Bengal tigers is most appealing. 【答案】5. B 6. A 7. C 8. D 【解析】 试题分析： 本文是一篇记叙文。文章记叙了作者骑着大象在森林追踪老虎的过程和这个过程中的心理体验。 5 题详解】 细节理解题。从第一段 But through all the noise came a sharp warning cry. The elephant stopped and we heard it again --- the tell-tale call of a spotted deer.一句可知，梅花鹿的鸣叫是“报警”的声音。A、D 两项均是听到“报警” 之后的结果。选择 B。 【6 题详解】 推理判断题。从第一段 distant alarm calls, all the noise, a sharp warning cry 等词语描述可知，作者开头描述了 森林里的各种声音。选择 A。 【7 题详解】 词义猜测题。从上下文可知，作者去森林是为了感受追踪老虎的那份神秘、兴奋和紧张的氛围。所以“to sense the aura”为“感受气氛”之意。故选择 C 项。 【8 题详解】 推理判断题。文章最后一段 After all, spotting tigers merely confirms their beauty; tracking them can make you aware of something more.一句告诉我们，在作者看来，真正看见老虎只是证实它们的美，并且直接去动物园 就可以实现这个目的；但是追踪老虎却能带来更多感受，作者真正感兴趣的是这个过程。故选择 D 项。 C The idea of being able to walk on water has long interested humans greatly. Sadly, biological facts prevent us ever accomplishing such a thing without artificial aid---we simply weigh too much, and all our mass pushes down through our relatively small feet, resulting in a lot of pressure that makes us sink. However, several types of animals can walk on water. One of the most interesting is the common basilisk Basilicus basilicus, a lizard (蜥蜴)native to Central and South America. It can run across water for a distance of several meters, avoiding getting wet by rapidly hitting the water’s surface with its feet. The lizard will take as many as 20 steps per second to keep moving forward. For humans to do this, we，d need huge feet that we could bring up to our ears in order to create adequate w hitting. ’’ 【But fortunately there is an alternative : cornflour. By adding enough of this common thickening agent to water (and it does take a lot), you can create a “non-Newtonian” liquid that doesn’t behave like normal water. Now, if the surface of the water is hit hard enough, particles(粒子）in the water group together for a moment to make the surface hard. Move quickly enough and put enough force into each step, and you really can walk across the surface of an adequately thick Liquid of cornflour. Fun though all this may sound, it’s still rather messy and better read about in theory than carried out in practice. If you must do it, then keep the water wings handy in case you start to sink--and take a shower afterward! 9. Walking on water hasn’t become a reality mainly because humans______. A. are not interested in it B. have biological limitations C. have not invented proper tools D. are afraid to make an attempt 10. What do we know about Basilicus basilicus from the passage? A. It is light enough to walk on water. B. Its huge feet enable it to stay above water. C. It can run across water at a certain speed. D. Its unique skin keeps it from getting wet in water. 11. What is the function of the cornflour according to the passage? A. To create a thick liquid. B. To turn the water into solid. C. To help the liquid behave normally. D. To enable the water to move rapidly. 12. What is the author’s attitude toward the idea of humans’ walking on water? A. It is risky but beneficial. B. It is interesting and worth trying. C. It is crazy and cannot become a reality. D. It is impractical though theoretically possible. 【答案】9. B 10. C 11. A 12. D 【解析】 【分析】 本文是一篇说明文。人类有一个一直感兴趣但一直未能实现的愿望：水上行走。不能实现的原因是“生物性局限”。本文主要介绍了一种理论上可行实际上难以实现的人类水上行走的方法：借助玉米粉（cornflour） 增加水面浓度。 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。从第一段 Sadly, biological facts prevent us ever accomplishing such a thing without artificial aid …可 知，人类至今不能在水面行走是“生物”原因。选择 B。 【10 题详解】 细节理解题。从第二段 It can run across water for a distance of several meters, avoiding getting wet by rapidly hitting the water’s surface with its feet.一句可知，这种蜥蜴能在水面行走是因为速度快（每秒钟达到 20 步）。 选择 C。 【11 题详解】 细节理解题。第三段 this common thickening agent 明确这是一种“常见的增稠剂”。选择 A。 【12 题详解】 推理判断题。从第二段 it does take a lot，最后一段 it’s still rather messy and better read about in theory than carried out in practice. 等句推断，借助增稠剂实现人类在水面行走，理论上可行但真正实现很难做到。选择 D 项。 【点睛】根据文章中提供的一些事实，再加上自己的常识，透过表面可以看到事物的本质，从而做出合理 准确的判断。比如第 11.小题，推断题。从第二段 it does take a lot，最后一段 it’s still rather messy and better read about in theory than carried out in practice. 等句推断，借助增稠剂实现人类在水面行走，理论上可行但真正实 现很难做到。选择 D 项。 D There have always been a lot of commonly believed but false ideas about being fat and doing exercise.Some people believe that they can't help putting on weight as they get older,while others hold that if they stop exercising,their muscles will turn into fat.Here are some more myths: I' ll never lose weight-I come from a fat family Wrong!While we can't change the body type we are born with we can't blame our genes for making us fat.There's plenty of evidence that fatness runs in families, and the main reason is that they share the same habits of eating too much and exercising too little. I am fat because I burn calories slowly Wrong! Fatness is not caused by a slow metabolism(新陈代谢).In fact, although fat people consume more energy than slim people,they also fail to realize how much they eat!Keeping a diary can help you work out your daily ,food intake more accurately. Exercise is boring Wrong!Anything will become boring if you do it repetitively.The key is to develop a balanced and varied program that's fun as well as progressive.If you enjoy a Sunday walk,take a different route.If you do yoga,try a tai chi class.If you like swimming,set yourself a distance or time challenge. No pain,no gain Wrong!Exercise is not meant to hurt. Indeed, pain is your body telling you something's wrong, and continuing to exercise could lead to serious injury.You may experience mild discomfort as you begin to exercise regularly,but this is your body adapting to the positive changes in your lifestyle and the aches should disappear relatively quickly.If they don't,rest and seek medical advice. 13. What does the author think about being fat? A. It is the family genes that make people fat. B. People are fat because they consume too little energy. C. A diary of exercise can prevent people from becoming fat. D. It is the consequence of people's unbalanced lifestyle. 14. According to the author,how can we make exercise more interesting? A. By taking varied exercise. B. By choosing simple exercise. C. By doing regular exercise. D. By sticking to outdoor exercise. 15. What is the author's opinion about "No pain,no gain" in exercising? A. Keeping fit is essentially a painful experience. B. Exercise should be stopped if continuous pain is felt. C. Pain in exercise is a precondition for reaching your goal. D. Getting used to pain leads to positive changes in your body. 【答案】13. D 14. A 15. B 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。关于肥胖和锻炼身体，一直有很多被普遍认为是错误的观点。文章主要就一些常见的对 锻炼和肥胖的误区进行了解释说明。 【13 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 I'll never lose weight-I come from a fat family 部分中 There's plenty of evidence that fatness runs in families, and the main reason is that they share the same habits of eating too much and exercising too little.可 知有大量证据表明肥胖在家族中遗传，主要原因是他们都有吃得太多、锻炼得太少的共同习惯。由此可知，作者认为肥胖是人们不平衡的生活方式的结果。故选 D。 【14 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中 Anything will become boring if you do it repetitively.The key is to develop a balanced and varied program that's fun as well as progressive.If you enjoy a Sunday walk,take a different route.If you do yoga,try a tai chi class.If you like swimming,set yourself a distance or time challenge.可知任何事情如果你重复 做就会变得无聊。关键是要发展一个平衡和多样化的项目，既有趣又可以进步。如果你喜欢周日散步，选 择一条不同的路线。如果你做瑜伽，那就去上太极课。如果你喜欢游泳，给自己设定一个距离或时间挑战。 由此可知，作者认为我们可以通过各种各样的运动使运动更有趣。故选 A。 【15 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中 Indeed, pain is your body telling you something's wrong, and continuing to exercise could lead to serious injury. You may experience mild discomfort as you begin to exercise regularly, but this is your body adapting to the positive changes in your lifestyle and the aches should disappear relatively quickly. If they don't, rest and seek medical advice.可知事实上，疼痛是你的身体在告诉你身体出了问题，继续锻炼可能会导致严重 的伤害。当你开始有规律地锻炼时，你可能会感到轻微的不适，但这是你的身体在适应生活方式的积极变 化，疼痛应该会相对较快地消失。如果没有，休息并寻求医疗建议。由此可推知，作者对“No pain, no gain”的看法是，锻炼中如果感到持续疼痛，应停止运动。故选 B。 第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 W:Hello,Jack.You're getting ready for tomorrow's lessons, aren't you? M:Yes, I'm a bit nervous.___16___ W:I understand how you're feeling. You'll make a lot of friends very soon. M:Thank you. I'll try my best to get used to my new school life as soon as possible.___17___ W:At 8 o' clock. ___18___ M:Say it, please. W:Before class we have 10 minutes to hand in homework and then 20 minutes for morning reading. M:That' s to say, we must get to school at 7:25. Five minutes later we'd hand in homework. Right? W:Right.___19___ M:Well.I hear that lunch time is nearly 12 o' clock and I'll be starving by then. W:Don't worry.___20___ M:That's great. A. So I suggest you get up before 7:00.B. By the way, what time does the first class begin? C. How long will it take us to finish our homework? D. But there is some other suggested time you should remember. E. During the break after the second class, we can buy something to eat. F. I have no idea what'll happen in class and how I'll get along with my classmates. G. I really don't know what to do after class. 【答案】16. F 17. B 18. D 19. A 20. E 【解析】 这是一段对话。主要为 W 告诉 M 关于学校的一些作息时间的情况。 【16 题详解】 根据上文 Yes, I'm a bit nervous.可知是的，我有点紧张。由此可知，本句应当是在说明紧张的原因是什么。 故 F 选项“我不知道在课堂上会发生什么，我将如何与我的同学相处”符合语境，故选 F。 【17 题详解】 根据后文 W:At 8 o' clock.可知 8 点。由此可知，W 回答的是时间，说明 M 提问了一个与时间有关的问题。 故 B 选项“顺便问一下，第一堂课什么时候开始？”符合语境，故选 B。 【18 题详解】 根据后文 W:Before class we have 10 minutes to hand in homework and then 20 minutes for morning reading.可知 上课前我们有 10 分钟交作业，然后 20 分钟早读。由此可知，W 回答了时间后，接着后文又说明了其他一 些时间，说明 W 还有希望 M 记住其他一些时间。故 D 选项“但还有一些建议你应该记住的其他时间”符 合语境，故选 D。 【19 题详解】 根据上文 M:That' s to say, we must get to school at 7:25.Five minutes later we'd hand in homework. Right?可知也 就是说，我们必须在 7 点 25 分到达学校。五分钟后，我们就交作业了。对吧？由此可知，他们必须 7:25 就 到达学校，说明必须七点前就起床。故 A 选项“所以我建议你 7 点前起床”符合语境，故选 A。 【20 题详解】 根据上文 M:Well.I hear that lunch time is nearly 12 o' clock and I'll be starving by then.可知好。我听说午饭时间 快 12 点了，到那时我会饿死的。由此可推知，M 害怕自己会挨饿，所以 W 说明了一个休息时间，可以买吃 的。故 E 选项“在第二节课后的休息期间，我们可以买些东西吃”符合语境，故选 E。 第三部分 语言知识运用第一节 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的 最佳 选项。 A Welcome Gift Dario and his mother loved their new apartment. The living room was large enough for their piano. That night, the two of them ___21___ side by side at the piano. They played jazz music to celebrate their new home. The loud ___22___ filled the room and made them feel very happy. The next morning, ___23___, their happiness disappeared. Someone had left a ___24___ under their door during the night. One of their neighbors had written to complain about the sound of the piano. Dario’s mother asked the building superintendent(管理员) if he knew anything about it. But he said that they were all ___25___ people and he couldn’t imagine any of them had done that. Later that morning, Dario suggested that they write a letter to their ___26___ and apologize for their playing. “Maybe we could go and ___27___ everyone in person.” his mother said. “What if we invited them to come here for a ___28___ instead?” Dario asked. They both loved the ___29___. Over the next few days, they sent out invitations and prepared desserts _____30_____ their guests. They decorated the apartment with streamers(彩带) and party lights. Finally, the day of the party _____31_____. Some guests brought presents. Others brought flowers. Some even brought desserts to _____32_____. One woman, Mrs. Gilbert, _____33_____ Dario’s mother with a book of piano music by Chopin. “I heard you playing the other night,” she said. “The sounds woke me out of bed. I _____34_____ that you might play like this every night. So I wrote a short note. I hope you don’t think I disliked the playing.” Dario’s mother smiled at Mrs. Gilbert. “I think maybe we _____35_____ you an apology.” she said. “I didn’t _____36_____ how late it was when we were playing. Maybe we should play some quieter music at night.” “You play, you play!” Mrs. Gilbert said. “I like what you play! Just not so loud at night.” She pointed to the book she had given them. “These songs are not such _____37_____ music.” “These songs are beautiful music.” Dario’s mother said. “We will be _____38_____ to play them in the evening.” “And we won’t play so loud or late!” Dario said. He was already looking forward to _____39_____ the new music. More than that, however, he was happy to see the big smile on his mother’s face. It gave him a feeling of _____40_____ and made him feel that they were home at last. 21. A. sat B. stood C. lay D. walked 22. A. voice B. ring C. music D. cry23. A. therefore B. however C. otherwise D. instead 24. A. note B. poster C. bill D. report 25. A. proud B. rich C. lucky D. nice 26. A. neighbors B. friends C. relatives D. audience 27. A. blame B. instruct C. question D. visit 28. A. party B. concert C. show D. play 29. A. experience B. idea C. performance D. action 30. A. to B. with C. for D. from 31. A. continued B. arrived C. passed D. finished 32. A. order B. sell C. share D. advertise 33. A. treated B. presented C. helped D. served 34. A. promised B. admitted C. agreed D. worried 35. A. give B. send C. offer D. owe 36. A. realize B. remember C. understand D. accept 37 A. sweet B. strange C. funny D. loud 38. A. brave B. sorry C. happy D. afraid 39. A. changing B. practicing C. recording D. writing 40. A. equality B. freedom C. warmth D. sympathy 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. D 36. A 37. D 38. C 39. B 40. C 【解析】 【分析】 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了有一对喜欢弹奏钢琴的母子搬到了新公寓，有一天晚上他们弹奏到很晚，影响 到其他邻居，他们感觉到抱歉，所以办了一个聚会邀请邻居，这受到大家的欢迎。 【21 题详解】 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：Dario 和妈妈并排坐在钢琴旁。A. sat 坐；B. stood 站；C. lay 躺；D. walked 走路。根据空后的 side by side at the piano 可知，他们应该是坐在钢琴旁边弹奏。故选 A。 【22 题详解】 本题考查语境判断之原词复现。句意：吵闹的音乐充满了整个房间。A. voice 声音；B. ring 铃声；C. music 音乐；D. cry 哭泣。根据上文中的 They played jazz music 可知，这里应该是吵闹的音乐（music）充满了整 .个房间。故选 C。 【23 题详解】 本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：然而第二天幸福消失了。A. therefore 所以；B. however 然而；C. otherwise 否则；D. instead 而不是。根据上文中的 made them feel very happy 以及空后的 their happiness disappeared 可知，此处应为转折关系。故选 B。 【24 题详解】 本题考查语境判断之原词复现。句意：有人晚上在他们的门下面留有一张纸条。A. note 纸条；B. poster 海 报；C. bill 账单；D. report 报告。根据下文中的 One of their neighbors had written to complain about the sound of the piano 可知，这里指一张便条。故选 A。 【25 题详解】 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：他们人都非常好。A. proud 骄傲的；B. rich 富有的；C. lucky 幸运的； D. nice 好的。根据下文中的 he couldn’t imagine any of them had done that 可知，主人公想向管理员咨询，哪一 位邻居可能是那位留言的抱怨者，可管理者也并不能指出，大家通常都是通情达理的。故选 D。 【26 题详解】 本题考查语境判断之同义转化。句意：Dario 建议给邻居写一封道歉信。由上文邻居抱怨钢琴的声音可知， 这里是向邻居道歉。故选 A。 【27 题详解】 本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：也许我们可以一个一个的去拜访他们。A. blame 责备；B. instruct 指 导；C. question 质疑；D. visit 拜访。根据 we could go 和 in person 可知，这里是表示拜访每一个人。故选 D。 【28 题详解】 本题考查语境判断之原词复现。句意：办一个聚会邀请邻居们参加怎么样。A. party 聚会；B. concert 音乐会； C. show 展示；D. play 玩。根据下文中 party lights 和 the day of the party 可知，他们是想邀请邻居举办一个 聚会。故选 A。 【29 题详解】 本题考查词义判断之词义辨析。句意：他们都喜欢办聚会这个想法。A. experience 经历；B. idea 观点，想法； C. performance 表演；D. action 行动。母子打算办派对，这是一个打算，一个主意，而不是经历、表演表现 或行为。故选 B。 【30 题详解】 本题考查词义判断之词义辨析。句意：他们发送邀请，并准备了甜点。prepare sb for sth 是固定搭配，意为“为 某人准备某物”，这里指母子办派对，为招待客人们准备了甜点。故选C。 的【31 题详解】 本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：聚会的这一天到了。A. continued 继续；B. arrived 到达；C. passed 通 过；D. finished 完成。根据上文中的 Some guests brought presents 可知，他们想举办的聚会，这一天终于到 来了。故选 B。 【32 题详解】 本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：一些邻居带了甜点来分享。A. order 点餐，命令；B. sell 卖；C. share 分享；D. advertise 做广告。根据语境，因为是参加聚会，所以一些邻居带了甜点来分享。故选 C。 【33 题详解】 本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：Mrs. Gilbert 送给他的妈妈一本肖邦的音乐书。A. treated 对待；B. presented 赠送；C. helped 帮助；D. served 服务。Mrs．Gilbert 送给了 Dario 的妈妈一本音乐书，故选 B。 【34 题详解】 本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：我担心你可能每天晚上都会这样弹奏。A. promised 许诺；B. admitted 承认；C. agreed 同意；D. worried 担心。根据下文中的 You might play like this every night 可知，这里应该是 Mrs. Gilbert 当时很担心每天晚上都会这么吵。故选 D。 【35 题详解】 本题考查词义判断之词义辨析。句意：我觉得我们应该欠你一个道歉。A. give 给；B. send 发送；C. offer 提 供；D. owe 欠。owe sb sth 意为“感激，欠某人……”，这个空可以看作是固定搭配，owe sb．an apology 意 为“应该向某人道歉”。故选D。 【36 题详解】 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我们弹得时候没有意识到这么晚了。A. realize 意识到；B. remember 记得；C. understand 理解；D. accept 接受。根据上下文内容可知，这里表示 Dario 的妈妈道歉说：“我也没 意识到当时那么晚了我们还在弹钢琴。”故选 A。 【37 题详解】 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：这些音乐不是大声的音乐。A. sweet 甜蜜的；B. strange 奇怪的；C. funny 有趣的；D. loud 大声的。根据上一句 I like what you play!Just not so loud at night.可知，Mrs．Gilbert 不喜欢那 么吵的音乐，因此她送了 Dario 的妈妈一本比较安静的音乐书，也就是不那么吵的音乐（not such loud music）。故选 D。 【38 题详解】 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我们很开心在晚上弹奏。A. brave 勇敢的；B. sorry 抱歉；C. happy 高 兴的；D. afraid 害怕。根据上文 These songs are beautiful music 可知，Dario 的妈妈很喜欢这些音乐，所以他 们应该是很高兴在晚上弹奏。故选 C。【39 题详解】 本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：他总是期待练习新的音乐。A. changing 改变；B. practicing 练习；C. recording 记录；D. writing 写。根据语境可知，因为是新音乐，所以 Dario 很期盼练习音乐。故选 B。 【40 题详解】 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：这使他充满温暖感。A. equality 平等；B. freedom 自由；C. warmth 温 暖；D. sympathy 同情。根据下文中的 made him feel that they were home at last 可知，他们融入了新的生活， 应该有温暖的感觉。故选 C。 【点睛】易错分析： The loud ___2___ filled the room and made them feel very happy. 2. A. voice B. ring C. music D. cry 本题容易误选 A 项 voice，但 voice 是指“嗓音；说话声；歌唱声”，但根据上文内容可知，是指弹奏出来的 爵士乐声，所以应该选 C。 第二节 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 M:Miss Green,do you think people could work at home instead of working in offices in future? W:Oh,yes.It's h_____41_____now.You see,the communication industry has made much progress in the l____42____ten years. M:And how do these people manage to work?I mean, w____43____ equipment do they have at home? W:Well,they have a TV set,a computer,a printer and a phone to c_____44_____ with other computers. M:I see.But surely there' re some a______45______in being able to work at home. W:Yes.Working at home,people don't have to spend a lot of time getting to and from their workplace.The rush hours, a___46___everyone knows,are the w_____47_____times of day to travel.Millions of people spend their working lives getting up early to a____48____ the rush hours. M:Ah,I see.What do you think a_____49_____ the condition of home workers? W:OK,a British film will have s_______50_______a condition here next year. 【答案】41. happening 42. last 43. what 44. connect 45. advantages 46. as 47. worst 48. avoid 49. about 50. such 【解析】 这是一段对话。两个人就未来的人们是否会在家工作展开讨论。 【41 题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：这现在正在发生。根据句意表示“发生”应填 happen，且表示此时此刻正在发生应 用现在进行时。故填 happening。 【42 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：你看，通信业在过去十年里取得了很大的进步。根据句意表示“过去十年里”可知短 语为 in the last ten years，故应填形容词 last。故填 last。 【43 题详解】 考查疑问词。句意：我的意思是，他们家里有什么装备？根据句意表示“什么”应填疑问词 what，对物品 提问。故填 what。 【44 题详解】 考查动词。句意：他们有一台电视机、一台电脑、一台打印机和一部可以连接其他电脑的电话。根据句意 表示“连接”应填动词connect，且分析句子结构可知 connect 在本句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填 connect。 【45 题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：但可以肯定的是，能够在家工作也有一些好处。根据句意表示“好处”应填名词 advantage，且 advantage 为可数名词，由 some 修饰应用复数。故填 advantages。 【46 题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：众所周知，高峰时间是一天中最糟糕的旅行时间。根据句意表示“众所周知”可知 短语为 as everyone knows。as 引导非限制性定语从句。故填 as。 【47 题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：大家都知道，高峰时间是一天中最糟糕的旅行时间。根据句意表示“最糟糕的” 应填形容词 worst，作定语修饰 times。故填 worst。 【48 题详解】 考查动词。句意：数以百万计的人在他们的工作生涯中早起以避免高峰时间。根据句意表示“避免”应填 动词 avoid，且本句中 avoid 作目的状语，应用不定式。故填 avoid。 【49 题详解】 考查介词。句意：啊，我明白了。你认为家政工人的状况如何？根据句意表示“认为”短语为 think about。 故填 about。【50 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：明年英国的一部电影里就会有这样的状况出现。根据句意表示“这样的”应填形容词 such，修饰后文名词 condition，作定语。故填 such。 第三节 51. We're taking our vacation in___________（七月）.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】July 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们七月份去度假。根据汉语意思“七月”可知应填名词 July。故填 July。 52. You can get even better deals if you are prepared to___________（讨价还价）. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】bargain 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：如果你愿意讨价还价，你可以得到更好的交易。根据汉语意思“讨价还价”可 知应填动词 bargain，上文为短语 be prepared to do sth.故应用动词原形，故填 bargain。 53. The cards had been________________(卡住)through the letterbox. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】stuck 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：卡片被卡 信箱里了。根据汉语意思“卡住”可知应填形容词stuck，作表语。 故填 stuck。 54. Smith went to Chicago for____________（技术）training. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】technical 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：史密斯去芝加哥接受技术培训。名词 training 前用形容词作定语，结合所给中 文提示“技术”。故填technical。 55. Bob is six feet in__________(身高).(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】height 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：鲍勃身高六英尺。根据汉语意思“身高”可知应填名词 height，作宾语。故填 height。 第四部分 写作 第一节 应用文写作 56. 目前 iPad 已成为儿童视力第一杀手，请根据下图写一篇 80 词左右的英语短文，内容应包括：简要描述 图画内容；表明你的观点。 在注意：1.短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； As is shown in the picture above,_______________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ _ 【答案】As is shown in the picture above,a doctor is testing the eyesight of some kids addicted to the iPad. They've got nearsighted owing to using it too much. Apparently, ipad has become the first killer of kids' eyesight. Honestly speaking, iPad brings a lot of convenience to our modern life. However, more and more kids become too dependent upon it, thus suffering from nearsightedness. To solve the problem,teachers and parents should limit their kids' time spent on it.Besides,it's vital for the kids to learn to care for their eyes.In brief,as long as we ensure iPad serves us rather than spoil us,we'll certainly enjoy a brighter world. 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇图画类写作。 【详解】第 1 步：根据提示可知，目前 iPad 已成为儿童视力第一杀手，请根据下图写一篇 80 词左右的英语 短文，内容应包括：简要描述图画内容；表明你的观点。 第 2 步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：convenience (方便)；addicted to(上瘾)；dependent upon (依赖于)；nearsightedness (近视眼)等。 第 3 步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在 时。 第 4 步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美 观的卷面是非常重要的。 【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如 To solve the problem, teachers and parents should limit their kids' time spent on it.非谓语动词的运用；In brief,as long as we ensure iPad serves us rather than spoil us,we'll certainly enjoy a brighter world.运用条件状语从句。全文中没有 中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为 文章增色添彩。 第二节 读后续写 57. 阅读下面短文，然后按照要求写一篇 150 词左右的英语短文 More and more parents are sending their children on"micro-foreign study tours".Parents hope these tours,typically 10 to 14 days travelling through English-speaking countries such as America or the UK,will help improve their children's language proficiency as well as provide them with a greater understanding of the local customs and culture. But while these tours are"micro"in terms of time,they certainly aren't micro in price.The average tour costs RMB 30,000! And just how useful are they?First of all,participating children don't have much time to "study".They typically attend a few morning lessons then travel to some world-famous universities or scenic spots in the afternoon and on the weekend.Their exposure to the local culture comes mainly during the time they stay with a local family,usually 2 or 3 days. For the rest of the tour they are with their Chinese classmates,almost always speaking Chinese.And on some tours, organizers take students,who are often too young to make sensible decisions,on shopping trips where they're encouraged to buy all kinds of useless"souvenirs".No wonder when they return,most children talk of the"fun we had",and"places we saw"rather than the"things we learnt". So some parents are now having second thoughts about the value of these micro-foreign study tours.How much do they really help their children?Are they worth the money?And finally,are the tours meant for study or just for pleasure? 【写作内容】 1.以约 30 词概括上文的主要内容。 2.以约 120 词对父母送孩子出国游学的现象进行讨论，内容包括：（1)你是否赞成文中对出国游学的看法？ （2)以你或他人的经历说明你的观点； （3)如果有机会，你愿意参加什么样的出国游学？ 【写作要求】 （1)在作文中可以使用自己亲身的经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容但不得直 接引用原文中的句子； （2)作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。 【评分标准】 概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。 【答案】This passage talks about micro-foreign study tours and their expected benefits for children. However, given students' actual experience on such tours, many parents are now guesting their true value. I think such worries are unnecessary. Travelling abroad, whether for study or pleasure, is a good way for students to broaden their horizon and become more sophisticated. My friend David went on such a tour, and said it was the most rewarding experience of his life. He attended a two-week course at Oxford University and then travelled to different parts of the UK, all of which helped him to learn more about the history,culture and society of Britain. He was so impressed by the academic atmosphere at Oxford University that he now dreams of studying there in the future. My own dream is to travel to America,attend some lectures in my dream school, Harvard University and travel to different parts of the USA with local students. This way I could have more opportunity to talk in English and learn about its life and culture. 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇读写任务作文。 【详解】第 1 步：根据提示可知，写作内容：1.以约 30 词概括上文的主要内容。2.以约 120 词对父母送孩 子出国游学的现象进行讨论，内容包括：（1)你是否赞成文中对出国游学的看法？（2)以你或他人的经历说 明你的观点；（3)如果有机会，你愿意参加什么样的出国游学？ 第 2 步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：unnecessary (不必要的)；broaden horizon (开阔眼界)；sophisticated (富有经验的)等。 第 3 步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般过去 时和一般现在时。 第 4 步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。 【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如 He attended a two-week course at Oxford University and then travelled to different parts of the UK, all of which helped him to learn more about the history,culture and society of Britain.运用了非限制性定语从句；He was so impressed by the academic atmosphere at Oxford University that he now dreams of studying there in the future.运用结果状语 从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上 下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。