专题05 “一点四面”写作必备表述-2021年高考英语高频核心词汇释义比较与分类记忆

- 1 - 2021 年高考英语高频核心词汇释义比较与分类记忆 “一点四面”写作必备表述 05 注：教育部提出，高考要体现“一点四面”的基本原则。“一点”就是要在高考当中体现立德树人，“四 面”是指要在高考当中体现核心价值、传统文化、依法治国、创新精神四个方向。 主题一 社会主义核心价值观 【示例分析】 如何理解“成功”, 不同的人有不同的看法。请认真阅读下面的引语(quotation), 按要求用英语写一篇短 文。 “Success is the ability to go from one failure to another with no loss of enthusiasm. ” —Sir Winston Churchill 内容要求:1. 你对该引语的理解;2. 你的相关经历; 3. 恰当的结尾。 注意:1. 短文开头已给出, 不计入总词数; 2. 文中不能出现考生的具体信息; 3. 词数:80 左右。 练考场审题 Step 1:精准审题　谋篇布局 人称 I 时态 一般现在时, 一般过去时 段落布局 开头点题: 点明对引语的理解 主题段落:用事例解释对这句话的理解 结尾:再次深化自己的观点 Step 2:头脑风暴　字字珠玉 (1)美词:get discouraged, enthusiasm, consist in, worse still, be about to do. . . when. . . , succeed in (2)佳句: ① So excited was I that I couldn’t wait to try my hand at riding it. ② Looking back, I feel I wouldn’t be able to ride a bike had I lost heart. - 2 - Step 3:斟酌词句　妙笔生花 要点 1:我非常激动, 决定试骑一下。 一般表达:I was excited and tried my hand at riding it. 句式升级:(so. . . that. . . 倒装句) 我是如此激动以至于等不及要试骑一把了。 So excited was I that I couldn’t wait to try my hand at riding it. 要点 2:回顾过去, 我觉得如果我失去了信心, 就不能学会骑自行车。 一般表达:Looking back, I feel if I lost heart, I couldn’t learn to ride a bike. 句式升级(分词作状语, 虚拟语气): 回顾过去, 我觉得如果我失去了信心, 就不能学会骑自行车。 Looking back, I feel I wouldn’t be able to ride a bike had I lost heart. Step 4:衔接过渡　斐然成篇 This quotation from Winston Churchill tells us that we shouldn’t get discouraged right after failures. Instead, we should keep trying with enthusiasm. Success consists in the ability to continue efforts through failures. At the age of twelve, I got a nice bike as a birthday gift. So excited was I that I couldn’t wait to try my hand at riding it. However, it was harder than expected. The bike seemed too heavy and difficult to control. Worse still, I took many falls off the bike. I was about to give up when my father came and encouraged me to keep going. With more practice, I did better and better. Looking back, I feel I wouldn’t be able to ride a bike had I lost heart. Actually, we can’t succeed in everything we try. What’s important is that we should stick at it. 【仿写实践】 假定你是李华, 现在某英文报社面向中学生征文, 题为“50 年后的地球”, 请发挥你的想象力, 用英语写 一篇短文, 向该报社投稿。 注意:词数 80 左右。 _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】- 3 - 　　What will our earth be like after 50 years? I have some wonderful predictions. The environment then will be much better than it is now. People can enjoy the blue sky, white clouds and fresh air. There will be less pollution. Trees and flowers can be seen here and there. The rivers will be cleaner as no factories pour waste into the rivers and lakes. As for people’s life, there will be great changes. First, people will lead a more comfortable life because robots will reach each family and help people do the housework. In addition, people can work at their own homes on the Internet. In this way, they will have more time to entertain themselves. The earth will become a more comfortable planet for people to live on 50 years later. 主题二 传统文化 【示例分析】 　　假如你是李华, 前天你收到英国笔友 Kathy 发来的电子邮件, 说她很想报名参加即将在当地举办的“汉 语民歌演唱比赛(Singing Chinese Folk Songs Contest)”活动, 但信心不足。请你给她回复一封邮件, 内容包括: 1. 鼓励她积极报名参加;2. 帮助分析参加的意义; 3. 给她提几点建议。 注意:1. 词数 80 左右;2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。 Step 1:精准审题　谋篇布局 人称 第一人称(I); 第二人称(you) 时态 一般现在时, 一般将来时 段落布局 开头点题:鼓励对方参加比赛 主题段落:分析参赛的意义并提出建议 结尾:再次鼓励对方参加比赛 Step 2:头脑风暴　字字珠玉 (1)美词:to be held, 　talent for, 　sign up for, 　participate in, 　a much better understanding of (2)佳句 ①It is a good chance to show your talent for music, so I encourage you to sign up for it. ②What matters most is that you can improve your Chinese by participating in the contest. Step 3:斟酌词句　妙笔生花 要点 1:事实上, 你不必担心输赢。 Actually, you needn’t worry about whether you will win or lose. - 4 - 句式升级(特殊句式) Actually, there is no need to worry about whether you will win or lose. 要点 2:最重要的是, 通过参加比赛, 你能提高你的汉语(水平)。 Most importantly, you can improve your Chinese by participating in the contest. 句式升级(主语从句, 表语从句) What matters most is that you can improve your Chinese by participating in the contest. Step 4:衔接过渡　斐然成篇 Dear Kathy, 　　I am glad to know that you are interested in the Singing Chinese Folk Songs Contest to be held in your hometown. It is a good chance to show your talent for music, so I encourage you to sign up for it. 　　Actually, there is no need to worry about whether you will win or lose. What matters most is that you can improve your Chinese by participating in the contest. What’s more, in the activity you can make more friends who are interested in learning Chinese. If you want to do a great job, you should do more practice before the contest. Of course, it is a good idea to listen to some Chinese music programs before the contest so that you can get a much better understanding of Chinese folk music. 　　I am sure you can do a good job! Looking forward to your reply! Yours, Li Hua 【仿写实践】 　　假定你是李华, 你的英国笔友丹尼斯对中国功夫很感兴趣, 来信询问中国功夫的相关情况。请你根据 表格中所给提示信息, 用英文给他回一封信。 功夫 俗称中国武术(martial arts), 中国国宝 起源 可追溯到古代自卫…… 人群 老少皆宜, 传统体育运动的一种 风格 有上百种, 一些模仿动物, 还有一些受到中国文化的启发 　　注意:1. 词数 80 左右; 2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。 _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________- 5 - _________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 Dear Dennis, I’m glad you’re interested in traditional Chinese Kung Fu. Here is some information about it. Kung Fu is commonly known as Chinese martial arts. The origin of Chinese martial arts dates back to the needs of self-defense, hunting activities and the military training in ancient China. It is one of China’s traditional sports, and is being practiced by the young as well as the old, gradually making it a special element of Chinese culture. As a national treasure, Kung Fu has hundreds of different styles. Some styles are modeled after the movements of animals, while others are inspired by Chinese culture. If you want to learn more information, please pay a visit to China. I’m sure you are bound to have a good taste of Chinese Kung Fu. Yours, Li Hua 主题三 依法治国 【示例分析】 假设你班最近就圆明园是否重建开展了一场讨论, 同学们观点有分歧, 各自理由主要如下表所示, 请根 据表格提供的讨论情况写一篇英文报道。 赞同 反对 1. 重建该园辉煌景象 1. 保留原样更为合理 2. 中华文明具体体现 2. 警示人们不忘过去 3. 旅游新景点 3. 其他建筑同样反映中华文化(如故宫、颐和园等), 重建并非必需 4. 如部分恢复, 可与废墟对照, 让人们记住历史 4. 破坏该地生态环境 　　注意:词数:80 左右。 参考词汇:故宫 the Palace Museum　颐和园 the Summer Palace Step 1:精准审题　谋篇布局 人称 第三人称 时态 一般现在时, 一般将来时 段落布局 开头点题:简要说明这次讨论- 6 - 主题段落:陈述两种不同的观点 结尾:表明自己的观点。 Step 2:头脑风暴　字字珠玉 (1)美词:fall into ruins, original, reflect, comparison, reasonable, remind sb. of sth, advisable, promote (2)佳句 ① Supporters of rebuilding the garden say only by doing so can we see the original sight of the garden, which reflects the Chinese civilization. ②Some also worry that the environment will be destroyed when the construction goes on in this district. Step 3:斟酌词句　妙笔生花 要点 1:支持重建的人认为通过这么做, 我们可以看见花园的原始景观;它反映了中国文明。 一般表达:Supporters of rebuilding the garden say that we can see the original sight of the garden, and it reflects the Chinese civilization. 句式升级(倒装句, 定语从句) 支持重建的人认为只有通过这么做, 我们才可以看见花园的原始景观, 它反映了中国文明。 Supporters of rebuilding the garden say only by doing so can we see the original sight of the garden, which reflects the Chinese civilization. 要点 2:如果我们重建它的一部分, 它就可以提供一种对照让我们记住历史。 一般表达:If we rebuild part of it, it will provide a comparison and help us remember the history. 句式升级(过去分词作状语) If partly rebuilt, it will provide a comparison and help us remember the history. Step 4:衔接过渡　斐然成篇 Should Yuanmingyuan Be Rebuilt? Yuanmingyuan, “Garden of all gardens”, was burnt and fell into ruins in 1860. Recently my classmates had a discussion about whether it should be rebuilt or not. Supporters of rebuilding the garden say only by doing so can we see the original sight of the garden, which reflects the Chinese civilization(文明). And it will be another place of interest for tourists. If partly rebuilt, it will provide a comparison and help us remember the history. Those who disagree think it more reasonable to keep the garden like this. The ruins will remind us of the past. We should never forget the history. Other buildings like the Palace Museum and the Summer Palace can also be symbols of the Chinese culture, so it isn’t necessary to rebuild this garden. Some also worry that the environment will be destroyed when the construction goes on in this district. - 7 - Personally, it is advisable to rebuild Yuanmingyuan, which will add beauty to the city. What’s more, the new scenic spot will no doubt promote the economic development of the local. 【仿写实践】 　　　以 “Protect Wild Animals” 为题, 写一篇短文。要求包括以下要点, 可适当增加细节, 使文章完整通 顺。要点: 1. 意义:野生动物与人类的生活息息相关; 2. 现状:野生动物正在被过度捕杀; 3. 后果:a. 生态平衡被破坏;b. 人类受到大自然的惩罚; 4. 建议:a. 严惩盗猎者;b. 提高环保意识; c. 建立自然保护区。 　　注意:1. 词数 80 左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。 _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 Protect Wild Animals Wild animals are man’s close friends. They not only provide us with fun but also play a key role in keeping the balance of nature. Unfortunately, they are being over-hunted, and some species are dying out. If it goes on like this, man is to be punished. In order to stay away from the seemingly faraway disaster, man has to do something. First, effective laws must be passed to give the illegal hunters proper punishment. Second, we must set up nature reserves to provide the animals with comfortable habitats. Third, people’s awareness of environment protection should be raised to a higher level. 主题四 创新精神 【示例分析】- 8 - 假定你是李华, 你校在学生中征集意见, 询问学生是否赞成开设 iPad 课堂(iPad classrooms)。你支持开 设 iPad 课堂。请给校长写一封建议信, 要点如下: 1. 资源丰富;2. 促进交流;3. 利于环保;4. 其他理由。 注意:1. 词数 80 左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。 Step 1:精准审题　谋篇布局 人称 I 时态 一般现在时 段落布局 开头点题:首先表明自己支持的态度 主题段落:分条陈述支持的理由 结尾:提出自己的希望 Step 2:头脑风暴　字字珠玉 (1)美词:in favor of, to begin with, customize, tailor, for the sake of, take. . . into consideration (2)佳句 ① I am in favor of this plan for the following reasons. ② To begin with, everyone learns differently. Students can customize their iPad with materials that fit their level and learning style. ③For the sake of environmental protection, opening iPad classrooms is a good way to save trees that we have been cutting down for paper. Step 3:斟酌词句　妙笔生花 要点 1:并且, 当和网络相连接的时候, 学生们可以和老师以及同学进行互动, 讨论如何更方便地学习。 一般表达:Moreover, when the students are connected to the Internet, they can interact with teachers and classmates and discuss how to learn more conveniently. 句式升级(过去分词作状语, 宾语从句) 并且, 当和网络相连接的时候, 学生们可以和老师以及同学就他们如何可以更方便地学习进行互动。 Moreover, when connected to the Internet, students can interact with teachers and classmates about how they learn more conveniently. 要点 2:为了保护环境, 我们应该开设 iPad 课堂, 以减少用于造纸的树木砍伐。 一般表达:To protect the environment, we should open iPad classrooms to reduce the trees cut down for paper. 句式升级(动名词作主语, 定语从句)- 9 - 为了保护环境, 开设 iPad 课堂是一种很好的方式来拯救用于造纸而被砍伐的树木。 For the sake of environmental protection, opening iPad classrooms is a good way to save trees that we have been cutting down for paper. Step 4:衔接过渡　斐然成篇 Dear Headmaster, We have been asked about our opinions on opening iPad classrooms. I am in favor of this plan for the following reasons. To begin with, everyone learns differently. Students can customize their iPad with materials that fit their level and learning style, and thus tailor it to different needs. Moreover, when connected to the Internet, students can interact with teachers and classmates about how they learn more conveniently. For the sake of environmental protection, opening iPad classrooms is a good way to save trees that we have been cutting down for paper. Most importantly, I believe students will develop their interests in the subjects by enjoying a new way of learning. I hope you would take my ideas into consideration and we look forward to attending an iPad class. Yours, Li Hua 【仿写实践】 　　近些年来, 随着网络的普及, 越来越多的学生的书写能力明显退步了。为了改变这种局面, 保护传统民 族文化——汉字, 我校学生会提出以下倡议: 1. 减少上网时间, 多读书; 2. 记日记的好习惯, 练习书写; 3. 少用电子邮件, 尽量动手给亲朋好友写书信。 请你根据以上内容, 代学生会写一封英文倡议书。 注意: 1. 词数 80 左右, 开头和结尾已经给出, 不计入总词数; 2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。 参考词汇:普及:popularity 汉字:Chinese characters Dear friends, _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________- 10 - _________________________________________________________________ 　　Let’s take action now! Students’ Union 【参考范文】 Dear friends, In recent years, many of us don’t write as well as we did in the past with the popularity of the Internet. In order to improve our handwriting and protect Chinese characters, we’d like to offer some suggestions: First, we should spend less time online and read more books. Besides, we’d better form the habit of keeping diaries every day to practise handwriting. What’s more, it is better to write letters to our relatives and friends by hand rather than send e-mails. Beautiful and neat handwriting is beneficial to us. So please pay more attention to our handwriting. Let’s take action now! Students’ Union