专题 05 非谓语动词
I.单项填空
1.(2020·江苏卷)31．Technological innovations, ____ good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.
A．combined with B．combining with C．having combined with D．to be combined with
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:技术创新与良好的市场营销相结合，将促进这些产品的销售。此处是短
语:be combined with”与……结合/联合”，本句中省略 be 动词，使用过去分词做状语。故选 A。
2.【2020·天津】4．______ us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes.
A．To help B．Helped C．Helping D．Being helped
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了帮助我们准备考试，老师建议通读我们的笔记。分析句子结构可知，
老师建议我们诵读笔记是”为了”帮助我们准备考试。故表目的，应用动词不定式。故选 A。
3.【2020·天津】14．The dancer’s incredible performance had the audience on its feet ______ for 10 minutes at the
end of the show.
A．being clapped B．clap C．clapped D．clapping
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:舞蹈演员令人难以置信的表演使观众站起来鼓掌达十分钟之久。该题中，have
表示”使……处于……状态”。______ for 10 minutes 作伴随状语，其逻辑主语 the audience 和 clap 之间是主动
关系，故用现在分词。故选 D。
4.(2019·江苏卷) __________ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.
A. To enjoy B. Enjoying C. To have enjoyed D. Enjoy
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式作目的状语。句意：为了享受数字支付的方便，很多老年市民开
始使用智能手机。故选 A。
5.（2019·天津卷）___________ to think critically is an important skill today's children will need for the future.
A. Learn B. Learned
C. Learning D. Having learned
【答案】C
【解析】考查动名词。句意：学会批判性思维是当代小孩未来所必需的重要技能。句子缺少主语成分，而过去分词、动词都不可以做主语。此处用动名词做主语，故选 C。
6.（2019·江苏卷） China's image is improving steadily, with more countries__________ its role in international
affairs.
A. recognizing B. being recognized C. to be recognized D. recognized
【答案】A
【解析】考查 with 复合结构。句意：中国的形象正在稳步提升，更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作
用。“更多的国家”和“认识”之间是主动关系，用 with + 名词 + 现在分词结构，故选 A。
7.【2018·北京】3. _________ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.
A. Travel B. Traveling C. Having traveled D. Traveled
【答案】B
【解析】考查动名词。句意：沿着丝绸之路旅行是一次既有趣又有益的经历。“____ along the old Silk Road”
做主语，要用动名词，故 B 选项正确。
点睛：动名词是动词-ing 形式的一种，兼有动词和名词特征。在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语。
8.【2018·北京】6. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _________ a meal,
admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.
A. share B. to share C. having shared D. shared
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在中秋节期间，家人们通常会聚在一起吃饭，赏月，品尝月饼。gather 是
谓语动词，“_________ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes”是状语，家人聚在一起的目的是吃饭，
赏月，品尝月饼，表目的用动词不定式，故 B 选项正确。
点睛：动词不定式可以做主语，状语，定语，宾语，表语等。动词不定式做目的状语时，可以置于主句之
前也可以置于主句之后，通常译为“为了”。
9.【2018·北京】10. Ordinary soap, _________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.
A. used B. to use C. using D. use
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果正确使用的话，普通的肥皂可以有效地处理细菌。Ordinary soap can deal
with bacterial effectively 是主句，_________ correctly 是条件状语，修饰 ordinary soap，ordinary soap 和 use
之间是被动关系，故要用过去分词，A 选项正确。
10.【2018·天津】12. I didn't mean ___________anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t
help_______ it.A. to eat；to try B. eating；trying
C. eating；to try D. to eat； trying
【答案】D
【解析】考查短语固定搭配。句意：我不打算吃任何东西，但冰淇淋看起来如此的好以至于我忍不住的要
试一试。固定短语短语 mean to do（打算做），couldn’t help doing 忍不住做。故选 D。
点睛：本题考查动词短语固定搭配。同学在平时学习中要多把握动词不同搭配的不同含义，本题需要区分
“mean to do 打算做”与“mean doing 意味着做”和“can’t help to do sth.不能帮助做”与“couldn’t help doing 忍不住
做”之间的含义。
11.【2018·天津】7. I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs___________.
A. taking B. taken
C. being taken D. take
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我需要一个新护照，所以我将不得不拍照片。本题考查非谓语动词作宾
语补足语，宾语 my photograph 与补足语之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。C 项表示正在进行。
故选 B。
12.【2018·江苏】26. Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, _______ the expected number of
12,000 held by market analysts.
A. having exceeded B. to exceed
C. exceeded D. exceeding
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在这期间，大约创造 13,500 个新的工作，超过市场分析师持有的 12,000
的预期数量。分析全句可知，这里指前一件事情所带来自然而然的结果，故用现在分词作结果状语。故选
D。
点睛：本题考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词主要有动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词形式。
having exceeded 强调时间先后，指的是此动作发生在谓语动词 create 的动作之前；to exceed 表示将要超出；
exceeded 过去分词表示被动。分析句意可知，这里用现在分词作结果状语。
13.【2017·天津卷】14. The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, _____ more patients to be
treated.
A. being allowed B. allowing C. having allowed D. allowed
【答案】B【解析】
试题分析：句意：近期这个医院购进了新的医疗设备，允许更多的病人被治疗。前句购进医疗设备和后面
允许更多的病人被治疗之间是必然的结果关系，用 doing 即现在分词作结果状语，表示顺理成章的结果。
A. being allowed 表示被动且正在进行 C. having allowed 强调先于谓语动词发生 D. allowed 表示被动
且完成，故选 B。
考点：考查非谓语。
14.【2017·天津】10. I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ______.
A. catching B. caught C. to catch D. to be caught
【答案】C
【解析】句意：在整个会议期间我一直在看钟表，因为我要去敢火车。根据上文判断出 as 引导原因状语从
句，根据 have 在本句中，词义为“有”，根据固定结构 Sb have sth to do 某人又某事要做（在本句中 to do
由主语完成），根据句意判断出本句符合本结构。故选 C。
考点：考查非谓语。
【名师点睛】本句考查的是 have 的符合结构：have+ 宾语 + 非谓语，既是重点又是难点。对于 have 的符
合结构，非谓语用什么形式，首先确定 have 的词义，是“有”还是“让”，have（有）+ sth to do sth (由主语完
成）；have（让） + 宾语 + do / doing / done (用哪种形式需要具体分析），所以要正确理解句意和本结构的
具体用法，灵活掌握才能把题作对。
15.【2017·江苏卷】21. Many Chinese brands, _______ their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges
from the modern market.
A. having developed B. being developed C. developed D. developing
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。brands 是逻辑主语，和 develop 是主谓关系，所以用现在分词，表示伴随状
况；再根据“over centuries”可知，应该使用现在分词的完成式，故选 A。句意：许多中国品牌，享誉数百
年，现在正面临着来自现代市场的新挑战。
16.【2017·北京卷】27. Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online ______ their
valuable time.
A. save B. saving
C. to save D. saved
【答案】C
【解析】 句意：许多航空公司现在允许乘客网上打印他们的登机牌来节省时间。此处是动词不定式表目的，
故选 C。17. 【 2017· 北 京 卷 】 30. The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _________ from butterflies to
elephants.
A. ranging B. range C. to range D. ranged
【答案】A
【解析】句意：国家公园有许多的野生动物，包括从蝴蝶到大象等等。此处野生动物和 range 之间是主动关
系，用现在分词，故选 A。
18.【2017·北京卷】32. Jim has retired, but he still remember the happy time _______ with his students.
A. to spend B. spend C. spending D. spent
【答案】D
【解析】句意：Jim 已经退休了，但是他依然记得和学生一起度过的快乐时光。句子已经有了谓语，空格只
能填非谓语动词，逻辑主语是 time，和 spend 之间是被动关系，故用过去分词 spent。
19.【2016·北京】26. ________ it easier to get in touch with us, you’d better keep this card at hand.
A. Made B. Make C. Making D. To make
【答案】D
【解析】考查不定式作目的状语。句意：为了更方便地联系到我们，你最好随身带着这张卡片。根据句意
可知，这里是目的状语，表目的用动词不定式，故选 D。
20.【2016·北京】28. ______ over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.
A. Ordering B. To order
C. Having ordered D. Ordered
【答案】D
【解析】考查过去分词作状语。句意：(因为)那些书是一周多之前订的，现在随时有可能送到。Books 和 order
是动宾关系，即 order books/books are ordered，故用过去分词表示被动和完成，在此相当于原因状语从句
because they were ordered...，故选 D。
考点：考查过去分词作状语
21.【2016·北京】32. Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, ________ the old town into a dreamland.
A. turn B. turning C. to turn D. turned
【答案】B
【解析】考查现在分词表伴随状况。句意：新建的木屋林立在街道的两旁，使古镇变成了一个梦幻之地。turn
的逻辑主语是 cottages，两者是主动关系，故用现在分词，表示主动和伴随，故选 B。
22.【2016·江苏】28.In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message ________within the work.A. to hide B. hidden C. hiding D. being hidden
【答案】B
【解析】考查分词做定语。本句中名词短语 a secret message 与动词 hide 构成被动关系，所以使用过去分词
短语 hidden within the work 在句中做后置定语，修饰名词短语 a secret message，相当于定语从句 that is hidden
within the work。AC 项表示主动含义，D 项强调正在进行，与语境不符。故 B 正确。
23.【2016·天津】4. The cooling wind swept through out bedroom windows, ____ air conditioning unnecessary.
A. making B. to make C. made D. being made
【答案】A
【解析】句意：冷风从我们卧室的窗户吹进来，使得没有必要开空调了。前面的事情造成后面的结果，用
现在分词作结果状语，表示顺理成章的结果。不定式也可以作结果状语，但是那是预料不到的结果。故选
A。
【名师点睛】判断非谓语动词的形式的第一步是分析句子成分，看是用谓语动词还是非谓语动词，确定了
是非谓语动词，还要判断非谓语动词的成分，和这个动词和逻辑主语的关系。这道题还有一个考点就是同
样是结果状语从句，现在分词和不定式用法也不同，还要结合语境判断符合哪一个，来加以判断。
24.【2016·浙江】10.To return to the problem of water pollution , I'd like you to look at a study _______ in
Australia in 2012.
A. having conducted B. to be conducted C. conducting D. conducted
【答案】D
【解析】句意：为了回到水污染的问题，我想要你研究一下 2012 年澳大利亚进行的研究。使用非谓语动词
作定语，study 和 conduct 是动宾关系，用过去分词作定语。B 项也表示被动，但是不定式的被动，表示将
要发生的事情。故选 D。
【名师点睛】判断非谓语动词的形式的第一步是分析句子成分，看是用谓语动词还是非谓语动词，确定了
是非谓语动词，还要判断非谓语动词的成分，和这个动词和逻辑主语的关系。这道题考查非谓语动词作定
语的用法，看 carry out 和修饰的 study 之间的关系可知用过去分词。
25.【2016·浙江】19. I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do with students.
A. working B. work C. to work D. worked
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我在海上航行和现在和学生一起一样快乐。使用非谓语动词作状语，I 和 work 是主谓关系，
用现在分词作时间状语。故选 A。
【名师点睛】判断非谓语动词的形式的第一步是分析句子成分，看是用谓语动词还是非谓语动词，确定了是非谓语动词，还要判断非谓语动词的成分，和这个动词和逻辑主语的关系。这道题考查非谓语动词作状
语的用法，看 I 和 work 的逻辑关系可以看出是现在分词。
26.【2015·安徽】27.______ the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes
you make.
A. Ignore B. Ignoring C. Ignored D. Having ignored
【答案】B
【解析】句意：忽视这两项研究结果的差异将会是你所犯的最严重的错误之一。句子缺少主语，ignore 的逻
辑主语是 you，两者是主谓关系，因此用动名词做主语，故选 B。
【名师点睛】本题考查非谓语动词。“will be”前面的“______ the difference between the two research findings”
是主语部分，动词原形和过去分词不能直接作主语，习惯上用动名词作主语。且 you 和 ignore 是主谓关系，
这里表示同时发生，而非先后发生，因此不用分词的完成式。
27.【2015·湖南】34.Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students ________ what is bothering them.
A. to talk over B. talked over
C．talk over D．having talked over
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：有时我充当了倾听同学们谈论烦心事的对象。此处不定式表示目的。故
选 A。
【名师点睛】非谓语动词不定式可以表示目的，在句中作目的状语。①表目的：He worked day and night to get
the money. 他夜以继日地工作来赚钱。She sold her hair to buy the watch chain. 她卖掉了自己的头发来买那条
表链。注意不定式放句首时，逻辑主语与句子主语要一致
28.【2015·福建】28._________ more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an
elective course.
A. Learn B. Learned C. To learn D. To be learning
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。这里是动词不定式形式的非谓语动词做目的状语。该句意思为：为了更多了解
到中国文化，杰克决定选择中国传统音乐作为选修课。故选 C
【名师点睛】非谓语动词的考点可以说占了高考的很大比重。但是他们的使用方法也很好判别，一般现在
分词表示主动的关系，而过去分词表示被动的关系，动词不定式的用法很多，通常是跟在一个动词后面形
成的固定结构，只要分辨出句子中的关系就能够成功解题。
II.语法填空1.（2020·新课标 I 卷语法填空）Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66． (find)
and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.
【答案】to find
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。
此处表示目的，应使用不定式作目的状语。故填 to find。
2. （2020·新课标 II 卷语法填空）They represent the earth 63． (come) back to life and best wishes for new
beginnings.
【答案】coming
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为
represent，所以这里为非谓语动词。名词 earth 与 come back to 之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定
语。故填 coming。
3. （2020·新课标 II 卷语法填空）They make great gifs and you see them many times 65． (decorate) with red
envelopes and messages of good fortune.
【答案】 decorated
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是很好的礼物，你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中 them
指代前句中的 orange trees，与 decorate 之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填 decorated。
4. （2020·新课标 II 卷语法填空）They are easy 68． (care) for and make great presents.
【答案】 to care。
【解析】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它们很容易照顾，也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词 + to do”结构。故填 to
care。
5. （2020·新课标 III 卷语法填空）The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67． (find) the well-known painter.
【答案】 to find
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：第二天早上，他租了一条船，出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示“出
发去做某事”短语为 set out to do sth.，后跟不定式做目的状语。故填 to find。
6. （ 2020· 新 课 标 III 卷 语 法 填 空 ） And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft
clouds69． (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.
【答案】 surrounding【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当他看到雾气从河上升起，山顶上乌云环绕，他不禁流下了眼泪。分析
句子结构可知，the soft clouds 69 (surround) the mountain tops 是独立主格结构做状语，surround 在句中
应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语 clouds 构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填 surrounding。
7.(2020·山东新高考语法填空) As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟)
and imagine themselves living at a different time in history or 43．(walk)through a rainforest.
【答案】 walking
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的
历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处与 living 是并列成分，共同做 imagine 的宾补，imagine sb doing
sth. “想象某人做某事”。故填 walking。
8. (2020·浙江卷语法填空) Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology
60．(change)lives.
【答案】 to change
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：农业让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活的力量。分析句子，简单句中已
有动词 gave 故提示词部分需用非谓语动词。分析句意，此处需用不定式表示目的。故填 to change。
9. (2020·浙江卷语法填空)Later，they learned to work with the seasons (season)，planting at the right time and，in
dry areas， 63． (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.
【答案】 making
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每
年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子，make 所处的分句中无主语，故此处需用非谓语动词。make use of 和逻辑
主语 they 之间表示“主动”关系。所以此处用现在分词形式（doing）形式做状语。故填 making。
10.（2019 全国 I 卷）Modem methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the
mid-1980s, and are expensive ______ (perform) consistently over a large area.
【答案】to perform
【解析】考查非谓语动词。主系表结构之后，常用不定式作原因或目的状语，句意：跟踪北极熊的现代方
法只是在二十世纪八十年代以来开始采用，并且在如此大区域内持续采用是昂贵的，故此处用 to perform。
11.（2019 全国 I 卷）Scientists have responded by _____ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集)
around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are higher than they actually are.
【答案】noting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词 by 可知，此处用动名词主动形式，故填 noting。
12.（2019 全国 II 卷）A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for ______ (be)Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week.
【答案】being
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词 for 可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填 being。
13. (2019·北京卷)Nervously _____ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be
yourself”.
【答案】facing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“做你自己”。分
析句式可知，此处是做句子的状语，要用非谓语动词，其逻辑主语是 I，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用现
在分词作状语。故填 facing。
14.（2019 全国 II 卷）When we got a call ______ (say)she was short-listed，we thought it was a joke.
【答案】saying
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知，此处用现在分词形式 saying 作后置定语，解释
名词 call 的内容，call 与 say 是主动关系，故填 saying。
15.（2019 全国 III 卷）On our way to the house，it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long
it would take _____ (get)there.
【答案】to get
【解析】考查不定式。句中的 would 提示我们作者还没有到达那座房子，wondering 后的句子不缺谓语，此
处应填非谓语动词，故填 to get。
16.（2019 全国 III 卷）On the last day of our week-long stay，we were invited to attend a private concert on a
beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，_____ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
【答案】listening
【解析】考查分词。本句谓语动词为“were invited”，所以 70 题空格处动词 listen 应用非谓语动词形式。听
音乐这个动作是由 we 发出的，所以选用现在分词形式。也可由 and 前后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题，
and 后 meeting interesting locals 为分词形式，故空格处填 listening。
17.（2019 浙江高考）When the children are walking or ______ (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers
can easily see them.
【答案】cycling
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑车上学时，汽车司机很容易看到它们。or
连接两个并列成分，根据 or 前的 walking 可知，此处要用 cycling。故填 cycling。
18.（2019 浙江高考）But some students didn't want ______ (wear) the uniform.【答案】to wear
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：但是，有一些学生不想穿学生服。want to do sth 想要做某事，这是 want
的固定用法。故填 to wear。
19. 【2018·全国 I】You don't have to run fast or for long___62___(see)the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be
overweight and still reduce your risk of ___63___ (die) early by running.
【答案】to see【解析】考查不定式作目的状语。你不必跑地太快或时间太长就能看到它的好处。此处不定
式作目的状语，故填 to see。
【答案】dying【解析】考查动名词。你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重，但仍然通过跑步会减少早亡的风险。此处 of
是介词，其后用动名词。故填 dying。
20. 【2018·全国 II】Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of
rice ___64___ (improve) water quality.
【答案】to improve
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了改善水质政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是大米。没有连词可以且谓语
动词是 encourages，故 improve 应该用非谓语动词。此处表示目的，故用不定式。故填 to improve。
21. 【2018·全国 II】That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to
protecting its environment while ___70___ (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food
policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.
【答案】feeding
【解析】考查省略句。句意：中国在养活了中国人民的同时又保护了环境。这一做法为全世界的农业和粮
食政策制定人提供了很有用的经验。空格处表示正在进行的动作，while 后面省略掉了 China is，省略句的
原则：在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、，让步状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致且含有 be
动词时，那么可以把主语和 be 动词一块省略。故填 feeding。
22. 【2018·全国 III】I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid ____64____(look) directly into his eyes so
he doesn't feel____65____(challenge).
【答案】looking【解析】考查动词。动词 avoid 后要加 doing。此处表示避免直接看他的眼睛。用 looking。
【答案】challenged【解析】考查非谓语。根据语境可知，此处表示不直视他的眼睛，他就不会感到被挑战
性。feel 为系动词，表示“被挑战”，用过去分词 challenged。
23. 【2018·全国 III】Once his message was delivered, he allowed me ____70____ (stay)and watch.
【答案】to stay
【解析】考查非谓语动词。固定短语 allow sb to do 允许某人做某事，应该用 to stay。24. 【2018·浙江】 I still remember ___59___ (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was shocked
when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
【答案】visiting
【解析】考查动词形式。此处指我记得去拜访一个在这里住了五年的朋友，表示记得做过某事用 remember
doing sth.，故填 visiting。
25. [2017·全国卷Ⅰ]Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63.________ (process) the
food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.
【答案】63. to process
【解析】考查不定式。需要它们来加工我们所吃的食物。 require 表示“要求”， require to do sth 表示“要求
做某事”，被动形式为 be required to do sth，表示“被要求做某事”。故填 to process。
26. [2017·全国卷Ⅰ]by 68.________ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their
diet.
【答案】68. eating
【解析】考查动名词。根据前文中的 by 可知此处应该填 eat 的动名词形式。故填 eating。
27.[2017·全国卷Ⅱ]This included digging up the road, 63.________ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof
over the top.
【答案】63. laying
【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处用 lay 的动名词形式 laying 与前面的 digging 形成并列。该词填空难度较大，
若考生未辨明 lie—lying/lay/lain 和 lay—laying/laid/laid 等特殊词形变化会导致错误。
28. [2017·全国卷Ⅲ]She looks like any other schoolgirl, freshfaced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking
forward to the challenge of her new Alevel course. But unlike her school friends, 16yearold Sarah is not
spending halfterm 61.________ (rest).
【答案】61. resting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。spend…(in) doing sth 是固定句式，意为“花……做某事”。
29. [2017·全国卷Ⅲ]But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 65.________ (prove)
that she has brains as well as beauty.
【答案】65. to prove
【解析】考查动词不定式。want to do sth 为固定搭配，故用动词不定式。
30.[2017·浙江卷 6 月考]Sixteen years earlier, Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 61.________ (cook) a meal.
When she wanted to put the ring back on later, it was gone. She suspected that one of her three daughters—then ten, eight, and six—had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn't. Pahlsson and her husband searched the kitchen,
checking every corner, but turned up nothing. “I gave up hope of finding my ring again ，” she says. She never
replaced it.
Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 63.________ (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and
was spread over the garden, 64.________ it remained until the carrot's leafy top accidentally sprouted ( 生 长 )
through it.
【答案】61. to cook
【解析】考查不定式。此处不定式表示目的。语境为“取下戒指来做饭”，故填 to cook。
【答案】63. swept
【解析】考查过去分词。此处是 get done 结构，表示被动，意为“被扫进了垃圾堆”。
31.【2016·全国新课标 I】I was the first Western TV reporter__66___ (permit) to film a special unit caring for
pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include ____67_(introduce) British
visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.
【答案】permitted
【解析】考查过去分词。被修饰的名词和 permit 之间是被动关系，用过去分词。
【答案】 introducing
【解析】考查动名词。介词后面应该用动名词形式。
32.【2016·全国新课标 II】If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely 49
(bring) your work home.
【答案】to bring
【解析】考查形容词短语。形容词短语 be likely to do sth 可能做某事；你就不太可能把工作带回家去做，因
为你找到了你喜欢做的事情。
33.【2016·全国新课标 III】Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 43 (create) special
designs.The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in
large pots, 44 (use) twigs(树枝)to remove it.
【答案】to create
【解析】考查不定式作目的状语。技术娴熟的工人会把各种各样的硬质木材和金属结合起来，以创造出
特殊风格的筷子。这里用不定式表目的，故填 to create。
【答案】using
【解析】考查现在分词作伴随状语。人们可能使用大锅煮食物，用树枝把锅移开，use 的逻辑主语是people，两者是主动关系，用现在分词表示伴随状况，故填 using。
34.【2016·上海】(B)Do you find yourself getting impatient or annoyed with people over unimportant things?... If
the answer to all those questions is yes, you had better control your stress, as you probably are under more stress
than is good for you.
To some extent you can control the amount of stress in your life. Doctors have worked out a chart showing how
much stress is involved in various events. Getting married is 50, pregnancy 40, moving house 20, Christmas 12,etc.
If the total stress in your life is over 150, you are twice as likely (40)_______ (get )ill.
【答案】to get
【解析】考查形容词短语。形容词短语 be likely to do sth 可能做某事；句意：如果你生活中的压力超过 150，
你就非常有可能生病了。
35. 【 2016· 四 川 】 She was a very caring/careful mother. For 25days,she never left her baby, not even to find
something 44 (eat)!
【答案】to eat
【解析】句意：甚至不去找吃的东西。此处是动词不定式放在不定代词后面作后置定语，故填 to eat。
36.(2015·全国Ⅰ,68)A study of travelers (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of
the top 10 destinations in the world.
【答案】conducted
【解析】分析句子结构可知,此处应用非谓语动词; conduct 与其逻辑主语 study 之间为被动关系,故填
conducted。
37.(2015· 全 国 Ⅰ,70)Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it regularly arranges quick
getaways here for people (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.
【答案】living
【解析】分析句子结构可知,此处应用非谓语动词;live 与其逻辑主语 people 之间为主动关系,故填现在分词。
38.(2015· 全 国 Ⅱ,61)The adobe dwellings ( 土 坯 房 ) (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American
Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers.
【答案】built
【解析】分析句子结构可知,此处应用非谓语动词;土坯房是被建造的,故用过去分词作定语,表被动。
39.(2014·全国大纲,23)Today there are more airplanes (carry) more people than ever before in the skies.
【答案】carrying
【解析】分析句子结构可知,此处应用非谓语动词;carry 与其逻辑主语 airplanes 之间是主动关系,故填carrying。
III.短文改错
1.（（2020·新课标 I 卷短文改错））I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to
cook.
【答案】 frying 改为 fried
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我喜欢吃西红柿炒鸡蛋。动词 fry 与 tomatoes 之间是动宾关系，所以此处
应用过去分词作定语，故将 frying 改为 fried。
2. （2020·新课标 I 卷短文改错）My mom told me how to preparing it
【答案】 preparing 改为 prepare。
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我妈妈告诉我如何准备这道菜。分析句子可知，“how+不定式”作 told 的
宾语，to 是不定式符号，后应接动词原形，故将 preparing 改为 prepare。
3. （2020·新课标Ⅲ卷短文改错）I tell my mom that if we’re forced eat things, we may become ill.
【答案】forced 后面加 to
【解析】考查不定式。句意：我告诉我妈妈，如果我们被迫吃东西，我们可能会生病。be forced to do sth.被
迫做某事，所以 forced 后面加 to。
4.（2019 全国 I 卷）All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football.
【答案】say 改为 saying
【解析】考查现在分词。本句句意：操场上所有的足球运动员大声欢呼，说我有足球天赋。句中谓语动词
为 cheered，say 在这里作伴随状语。与主语 players 是主动关系，故将 say 改为 saying。
5.（2019 全国 III 卷）Now my dream is to opens a cafe.
【答案】opens 改为 open
【解析】考查不定式的用法。不定式做表语，to 后用动词原形。故把 opens 改为 open。
6 ． (2018· 江 苏 高 考 )With a new farm bill debating in Congress, consumers must take a stand with young
farmers．
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】debating→ to be debated
【解析】分析句子的结构，此处为“with＋名词＋不定式”的复合结构。分析句意，指法案将在国会进行辩论，
bill 与 debate 之间存在着被动关系，故用不定式的被动式。
7．(2018·浙江高考)Move into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting experience．
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Move→ Moving【解析】 根据句子的结构，此处 Move into a new home in a new neighborhood 部分作主语，而动词短语不
能直接作主语，故将 Move 改为 Moving。
8 ． (2018· 全 国 卷 Ⅲ)Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph
aloud．
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】wait→ waiting
【解析】 主语 Everyone 与 wait 之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，因此将 wait 改成 waiting。
9．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)When being combined with berries or slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent
base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ice cream”．
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】去掉 being
【解析】 因为逻辑主语 frozen bananas 与 combine 之间是被动关系，故状语从句省略后用过去分词
combined; combine 在句中逻辑主语与其并非主动关系，且无动作正在进行之意，所以省略句中不用现在分
词，更无需其现在分词的被动式。故可知应删去 being。
10.[2017·全国卷Ⅰ]The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up！” “Slow down！” “Turning left！”
【答案】word 改为 words
【解析】考查名词复数。教练一直喊“加速”“减速”“左转”。 word 表示某人说的话时是可数名词，故将 word
改为 words。
【答案】6. Turning 改为 Turn
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析语境可知教练的话“加速”“减速”“左转”都是祈使句，根据前文“Speed up！”
“Slow down！”也可以看得出来。祈使句应该用动词原形开头，故将 Turning 改为 Turn。
11.[2017·全国卷Ⅱ]In their spare time，they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden
【答案】3. interesting 改为 interested
【解析】考查形容词用法。张家夫妇对种菜感兴趣。
12.[2017·全国卷Ⅱ]When summer comes，they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables!
【答案】students 后加 to
【解析】考查固定结构。invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事。
13.[2017· 全 国 卷 Ⅲ]About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and
became a new member of the school music club.
【答案】4. took→taken
【解析】考查过去分词。根据逻辑关系可知照片是被拍，故用被动语态，被动语态的构成是“be＋过去分词”，故把 took 改为 taken。
14.【2016·全国新课标 I】Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cooking.
【答案】using →used
【解析】考查被动语态。根据句意可知此处表示被动含义，be used for“被用来去做”。
15.【2016·全国新课标 II】We can choose between staying at home and take a trip.
【答案】take 改为 taking
【解析】考查并列结构。本句中动名词短语 staying at home 与 taking a trip 构成并列关系，都作为介词
between 的宾语。
16.【2016·全国新课标 III】I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.
【答案】wear—wearing
【解析】考查固定搭配。by 是介词，意为“通过”，后跟名词／代词或动名词，故把 wear 改为 wearing。
17.【2016·四川】Mom was grateful and moving.
【答案】moving---moved
【解析】句意：妈妈即感激有感动。故把 moving---moved。
18.(2015·全国Ⅱ,短文改错)After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found that his parents were
missing.
【答案】looks →looking
【解析】介词后面需用动名词作宾语。
19.(2014·全国大纲,短文改错)Otherwise, it is impossible for them to help each other and to make their friendship
to last long.
【答案】去掉第三个 to
【解析】make 的宾补应该用不带 to 的不定式充当。
20.(2013·全国大纲,短文改错)He isn’t good at talk but he gets on well with other people.
【答案】talk →talking
【解析】此处动词 talk 作介词 at 的宾语,应用动名词形式。
21. Seeing them are working so hard on such a cold morning, I was moved and made up my mind to do something
for them.
【答案】去掉 are
【解析】此处考查固定结构 see sb doing sth(看见某人正在做某事),故将 are 去掉。
22. Have classes in such a beautiful environment, we feel very happy. 【答案】Have →Having
【解析】考查非谓语动词作状语。have 与主语 we 之间为逻辑上的主动关系,故用 having 作状语。
23. Because we had not eaten ice cream for a long time, we got very exciting.
【答案】exciting →excited
【解析】此处指“感到激动的”,应用 excited。
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