考点 38 阅读理解七选五（一）
高考频度：★★★★★
考点详解
阅读理解七选五要求从短文后的七个选项中（均为完整的句子）选出五个能填入文章空处的最佳选项，
主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。其命题形式深受英语四六级和
考研阅读多项选择题的影响，体现了《新课标》＂用英语获取、处理和运用信息的能力；逐步获取用英语
思维的能力。＂的阅读学习和教学理念。该题型命题形式仍然具有客观题的特点，又与完形填空具有异曲
同工之妙，只是选项少，以句子形式出现，考查目的和侧重点不完全相同而已。
从《考试说明》对该题型命题目的的表述＂主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意
义的理解和掌握。＂可以得出以下判断：该题备选项可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文
章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。其多余的两个干扰项也往往从这三方面进行设置，例如
主旨概括句或过于宽泛或以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构，注释性句子与上文
脱节等。
文章体裁以说明文为主，语篇模式较为固定：提出问题——提供解决方案。文章题材较为固定：与学
生的日常生活学习紧密相关。
【题型分析】
分析篇章结构，把握全篇文脉是阅读填空题解题的关键，英语的语篇（discourse）通常是由句子和语段
（sentence group）构成的，语段是句子和语篇之间的中间层次，句子虽然能够单独地表达相对完整的思想，
但是它不能表达多方面的、比较复杂的思想，只有把几个句子结合为较大的言语片段，才能表达一个相对
独立的层意，所谓的＂积句而成章，积章而成篇。＂就是这个道理。
分析文章的层次包含两种形式：一种是分析整篇文章的层次，也就是段落，另一种是分析每一个段落
内部的层次，也就是语篇层次。
语篇与段落是有区别的，语段是篇章结构的中间层次，是由句子到篇的一种过渡形式，段落
（paragraph）是在某些语体（如记叙文、议论文）中比语段更大的意义单位，较小的段落可以只包括一个
语段或一个句子，一般来说，一个段落通常由几个语段构成。构成语段的方式有两种，一是靠句际间意义
的结合，二是靠句际间的关联词，逻辑性插入语来连接，在分析语段层次时，可以借助句际间的连接词语作出判断，但最主要的还是要真正体会句际间的意义关系，把握作者的思路，从语序上去发现断续点，理
清层次，好文章的层次非常清晰，只有层层入手，才能真正理解文章。
【解题步骤】
解题步骤 1
在高考的现场如果考生用大量的时间来彻底读懂文章的意思其实是不现实的，也是没有必要的，我们
可以尝试以下四步走。
1. 先读文章的开始部分，明确文章的基本话题，然后仔细阅读五个空各自的前后句寻找并画出关键词。
【巧学妙记】
（一名(名词)袋（代词）鼠（数次）很特殊（特殊疑问词），连（连词）蹦（动词）带跳很彪（标点/标题）
悍。）
2.要对文章中出现的衔接手段保持敏感度。衔接手段分为三种：词汇衔接、逻辑衔接、结构衔接。可按这几
个原则判断原文的空与选项是否匹配。
3.一旦确定一个选项，就要在该选项上做出标记（例如可以删掉），以避免干扰和分散注意力。
4.将选项代入到文章中重读，依据行文逻辑，再次确定选项。
答题技巧
细节类题型解题技巧(词汇的衔接或逻辑的衔接)
1.词汇的衔接包括：
（1)词汇复现
复现，是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概
念进行重复描述。
复现关系，主要是指原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现等。
（2)同范畴词出现
同范畴词是指跟此词汇相关或同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现，达到语义衔接的目的。你可以在选
项中找到与此词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准。一般来说，上下文中词汇联系越接近，上下文的衔接关
系越紧密。
(3)代词线索
英语表达中代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这
样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。例如 it 可指代单数名词或整个句子；they
或 them 指代复数名词；one 指代单数可数名词；that 指代不可数名词或句子；this 指代单数名词或句子;these 或 those 指代前句的复数名词。
2.逻辑关系的衔接
过渡性句子可以从细节逻辑上判断可分为：
A, 并列关系：First(ly),Second(ly),...；First, then/next,...；In the first place， in the second place...;for one
thing, for another thing ,...；then /next ,finally/last 等。
B, 递进关系：too ,also, besides, further ,furthermore ,moreover ,what’s more , in addition ,as well , to make
matters worse ,not ...but... ,not only ...but also 等。
C, 解释例证关系：for example ,for instance ,in fact/as a matter of fact ,actually ,in other words /that is to say
等
D, 因果关系： so /therefore ,thus ,consequently(结果） ,as a result (of), so/ such ...that ..., so that ...等
E, 转折对比关系：but, however , yet ,while /though ,or /otherwise ,on the contrary ,instead, nevertheless（然
而）, still ,yet, on the contrary ,in contrast / comparison 等
F, 概况归纳关系：in short , in brief , in summary ,generally speaking ,in general , to conclude ,in conclusion,
in a word ,on the whole , to sum up 等。
3.篇章结构类题解题技巧
根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略
{1)如果问题在段首
通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出
主题句。关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题。
（2)如果问题在段尾
通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如 therefore, as a
result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word 等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。
备考策略：
• 注重实效。阅读时不仅要注意文章的细节，更应该注意文章的布局。
• 注意命题陷阱。切忌当同样的词，同样的名字或同样的日期都在语文或节选段落中出现，就认为它
们是正确的选项，一定要符合逻辑，确保文章内容严谨。
• 注重速度。进行限时训练，培养实战观念，不可拖沓。
• 将近几年高考题进行分析，重点分析结构清晰分明的说明文和议论文。题组一（2020 年高考真题）
Passage1(2020·新课标全国卷 I)
A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance
We all want it… to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach.
36． Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
●37． Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them? Are you
hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your
own;you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes
and our failures. 38． You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could
have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response? ＂That didn’t go as planned. But, I
tried my best.＂
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength
before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you
got out of bed today. 39．
●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words
why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. 40． Turn to a
page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are?
A．Feeling upset again?
B．Where do you start?
C．Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D．Remember, you are only human.
E. Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F. Stop comparing yourself with others.
G. When does the comparison game start?
Passage3(2020·新课标全国卷 II)Emoji(表情符号) and Workplace Communication
In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play. 36．.
It’s been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.
Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention
clear. 37．, encouraging better and more frequent communication.
In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in
communication style can be a challenge. 38．. While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for
those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve(曲线). The good news is
that it’s simple to learn and can be worth the effort.
There is also the matter of tone(语气). Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day? 39．.
Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile.
40．, and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees begin adding smiling
emojis to their business communication, you’ll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture.
A．Message with emojis feel more conversational
B．Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C．Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
D．The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally
E.Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F.Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G.An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
Passage2(2020·新课标全国卷 III)
A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house. The
person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the party. The party is a chance for friends and family
to congratulate the person on the new home. 36． And it is good time to fill the new space with love and hopeful
presents.
37． Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local stores. Some common
things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn’t a
registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant.38． This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn’t a lot of food served. There are usually no planned
activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the
guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into
their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. 39．
Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a
new home as a gift. 40． Now most homes have central heating and don’t use fires to keep warm.
A．This isn’t usual though.
B．It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
C．You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.
D．If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E. It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
F. The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.
G. This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.
题组二（2019 年高考真题）
Passage1(2019·新课标全国卷 I)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?
We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” ____36____ According to recent studies，
the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good.
___37___ If the air you’re breathing is clean-which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities-then the air
is filled with life-giving，energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more
deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉)and your brain.
Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈). _____38_____
In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green，
growing things can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood(情绪).Greenery is good
for us. Hospital patients Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who
see buildings or sky instead. ______39______ It gives us a great feeling of peace.
___40___While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin— put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen
about fifteen minutes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D.
A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B. So what are you waiting for?
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?
F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care.
G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
Passage2(2019·新课标全国卷 II)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question:“Should I jump? This is
what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of same coin. ___36___Like the
child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.
___37___ More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself ,
your values your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires ,etc. Only then should your you’re
your goals
You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related
to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. ___38___ So, slow down and think what
you really want to do at that moment. Clarity(清晰)of thoughts can help you move forward.
Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs,
values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible.____39____ They also need to be measurable. You must keep
these points in mind while setting your goals.
Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a Pilot but can’t become one
because your eyesight is not good enough.____40____You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a
fresh goal.
You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome them
without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.
A. This can affect your work.B. So how should you motivate yourself?
C. However, this should not discourage you.
D. So why should we try to set specific goals?
E. They can change according to circumstances.
F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.
G. Without motivation you can neither set a goal nor reach it
Passage3(2019·新课标全国卷 III)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. ___36___ While
I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to
extend the logic(逻辑)of each to their particular circumstance.
Do's
• ___37___ Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course
design, read the syllabus(教学大纲)and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't hiding
in plain sight.
• Participate in discussion forums(论坛), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. ___38___ Be sure to stay
on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same.
Don'ts
• Don't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best
friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. ___39___
• Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class. ___40___ When a student attacks a professor on the social
media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor's
professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.
A. That's what they are for.
B. Turn to an online instructor for help.
C. If more information is needed, they will ask.
D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.
E. Below are some common do's and don' ts for online learners.
F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
Passage4(2019·北京卷)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Much of the work in today’s world is accomplished(完成)in teams. Most people believe the best way to build a
great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals._____46_____Companies spend millions hiring top
business people. Is their money well spent？
___47___They focused on football，basketball and baseball. The results are mixed For football and basketball，
adding talented players to a team proves a good method，but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top
talent；above that level, the team’s performance begins to decline. Interestingly，this trend isn’t evident in
baseball. where additional individual talent keeps improving the team’s performance.
To explain this phenomenon，the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires
its members to coordinate(协调)their actions.______48______In baseball，the performance of individual players is
less dependent on teammates. They conclude that when task interdependence is high，team performance will suffer
when there is too much talent，while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task
interdependence is lower. If a basketball star is. for example，trying to gain a high personal point total，he may take
a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate，affecting the team's performance. Young
children learning to play team sports are often told，“There is no I in TEAM.”___49___
Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team，some players may make less effort. Just as in a
game of tug-of-war(拔河比赛)，whenever a person is added，everyone else pulls the rope with less force.
___50___.An A-team may require a balance-not just A players，but a few generous B players as well.
A. It's not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.
B. Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent
C. The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers' attention.
D. Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.
E. Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world.
F. Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.
G. This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.
题组三（2018 年高考真题）
Passage1(2018·新课标全国卷 I)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Color is fundamental in home design – something you’ll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage
color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in. Do you want a room that’s full
of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? 36 , color is the key to
making a room feel the way you want it to feel.
Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point.
37 , they can get a little complex. But good news is that there’re really only three kinds of decisions you need to
make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones.
38 . They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual
interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small
color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.
Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves. 39 . They
require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.
The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether you’re looking at
wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant. 40 .
A. While all of them are useful
B. Whatever you’re looking for
C. If you’re experimenting with a color
D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with
E. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces
F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time
G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways
Passage2(2018·新课标全国卷 II )
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find
the time to work out. ___36___ Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.
Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for
the day.___37___
Your metabolism(新陈代谢) gets a head start. ___38___ If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie(卡路里)burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.
___39___ Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the
evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.
___40___ If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices
throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You will want to continue to
focus on positive choices.
There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push
yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.
A. You will stick to your diet.
B. Your quality of sleep improves.
C. You prefer healthy food to fast food.
D. There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.
E. You can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise.
F. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.
G. If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you’re doing it now, then listen up!
Passage3(2018·新课标全国卷 III )
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Before there was the written word, there was the language of dance. Dance expresses love and hate, joy and
sorrow ,life and death, and everything else in between.
___36___We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays ,
office parties and just to fill the time.
“I adore dancing,” says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in Iowa. “I can't imagine doing anything else with
my life." Bridges runs dance classes for all ages. "Teaching dance is wonderful. ____37____It's great to watch
them. For many of them, it's a way of meeting people and having a social life."
___38___"I can tell you about one young couple," says Bridges. “They're learning to do traditional dances. They
arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile. _____39_____”
So, do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier? Andrea Hillier says,“Dance, like the pattern
of a beating heart, is life. Even after all these years, I want to get better and better.____40____ I find it hard to stop!
Dancing reminds me I'm alive."A. So why do we dance?
B. Dance in the U.S.is everywhere.
C. If you like dancing outdoors, come to America.
D. My older students say it makes them feel young.
E. I keep practicing even When I'm extremely tired.
F. Dancing seems to change their feeling completely.
G. They stayed up all night long singing and dancing.
Passage4(2018·浙江卷)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Moving into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting experience. Of course, you want to make sure that
you become an acceptable and valuable part of your neighborhood . the easiest way to accomplish this is to make
sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbor should. ___31_____
Perhaps one of the most important things you can do as a good neighbor is to keep your property(房产) neat, clean,
and in good repair. _____32_ __ By choosing to keep the outside of the home in great shape, you will help to
improve the look and feel of the area.
Second, take the overall appearance of the neighborhood seriously. When going for a walk，take a small garbage
bag. ____33_____ This small act will let your neighbors know that you care about the area.
_____34____ If a neighbor is going to be out of town, offer to collect mail and newspapers. If a neighbor suffers an
illness, offer to do the grocery shopping . Let them know you are there to help in any way that is acceptable, while
still respecting the privacy of your neighbor.
_____35__ _ By following the basic rules of respecting others, taking care of what belongs to you, and taking
pride in the appearance of the neighborhood in general, you will quickly become a good neighbor that everyone
appreciate.
A. In general, keep an eye on their property while they are gone.
B.A good neighbor is also one who likes to help out in small ways.
C. Being a good neighbor is more or less about considerate behavior.
D. Sometimes neighbors may go to the supermarket together to do shopping.
E. Should you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing car, pick it up.
F. People tend to take pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting.G. Here are a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighborhood quickly
题组四（2020 年名校模拟题）
Passage 11.山东省淄博市 2019 届高三部分学校 5 月阶段性诊断（二模)考试
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Living to the ripe old age of 90 may depend on your body size—both height and weight—as well as your level of
physical activity，and geeing to influence a woman’s lifespan more than it does a man’s.
The study found women who lived to 90 were，on average，taller and had put on less weight since the age of
20 as compared to women who were shorter and heavier.1. However，men saw more benefit from physical activity
than women.
In 1986 researchers asked over 7,000 Norwegian men and women between age 55 and 69 about their height，
current weight，and weight at age 20.Both genders also told researchers about their current physical activities.2. The
men and women were then sorted into daily activity quotas：less than 30 minutes，30 to 60 minutes，and 90 minutes
or more.
Men and women in the study fared very differently when it came to the impact of body size and exercise.
Women who weighed less at age 20 and put on less weight as they aged were more likely to live longer than
heavier women.3. The study found women who were taller than 5 feet 9 inches were 31％more likely to live into their
90s than women who were less than 5 feet 3 inches.
4. Men who spent 90 minutes a day or more being active were 39％more likely to live to 90 than men who were
physically active for less than 30 minutes.
However，women who were physically active for more than 60 minutes a day were only 21％more likely to
live to 90 than those who did 30 minutes or less.And unlike men，there was no bonus for increasing activity.5.
A. Height played a major factor.
B. No such association was seen for men.
C. The study was observational and couldn’t establish cause.
D. In fact，the study found that the optimal level of activity for women was 60 minutes a day.
E. Neither height nor weight seemed to factor into whether the men reached their 90s，but activity level did.
F. In addition，for each 30 minutes a day the men were active，they were 5％more likely to reach that age.
G. And they included dog walking，gardening，home improvements，walking or biking to work and sports.
Passage 2 2019 届高三 5 月考前适应性检测 Competition is all around us and it makes the strong stronger and the weak weaker. It can also teach us how to
survive in a fast-paced and stressful world. 1 . How many of us have seen young boys weeping because
their teams didn’t win inter-school tournament? How many of us have seen young teenagers cheat just to win?
2 So it’s important to develop healthy competition among children.
When it comes to encouraging healthy competition among children, the first thing to do is set goals for them to
stick to. 3
Since children may be easily affected by wrong ideas from popular media and the Internet, it’s up to you to
develop the right kind of spirit in them. Team spirit will help them grow into human beings who aren’t easily annoyed
by small losses or too excited by victories. 4 So give them examples where family members refused to cheat
to win.
5 . When they take an exam, don’t ask about how much they expect to score; instead, ask what they
wrote about. If your son played a cricket match at school, don’t ask him whether his team won or lost; ask him how
many runs he scored and encourage him to score higher next time instead. When you let your children know that
you’re more interested in how they performed rather than whether they lost or won, they will surely try to better
themselves.
A. However, you mustn’t push them too hard and burden them with too high a goal
B. We should also encourage healthy competition among children
C. These are the effects of unhealthy competition
D. In addition, they may also not want to adopt just any method to win, like cheating or lying
E. Care more about children’s performance rather than the results in a sports match
F. However, children can be hit by competition
G. Sending your children the right signals is also important
Passage4 湖北省黄冈市 2019 届高三模拟
If something that you’re doing doesn’t challenge you, then it doesn’t change you. We all need some normal
stress in our lives, after all. 1 So challenge the following limits:
1. Figure out what you’re scared of and do it continuously.
If you’re a salesman, and you’re scared of talking to people personally or over the phone now, instead of being
scared and thinking you’ll fail, spend at least five minutes a day to pick up the phone and make a call. 2 But
don’t stop on the first try! Eventually, you can look at fear in the eye and say, “Go on. I’m not scared!”2. Take a class for a hobby you’ve been wanting to develop
Make sure this hobby is not linked to your career; you have to relax and relieve your stress while performing
this. 3 Apart from helping you challenge yourself, taking a class for your hobby may also give you extra
income.
3. Set aside at least nine minutes a day for physical exercise.
4 A simple 9-minute run around your neighborhood can do wonders for yourself. Exercise can not only
help you maintain your regular weight, but also make you feel better about yourself.
4. Travel and allow yourself to be interested in new people.
Don’t just limit yourself to your fellow travelers—try to connect with the service staff. You never know what
kind of people they’re going to be. Get out of your house or go online right now to book your class. 5
A. You should do it continuously.
B. Someone may hang up on you.
C. You don’t need to go to the gym.
D. Running in the gym may be a better choice.
E. Start to travel now and learn to challenge yourself.
F. Some examples might be cooking, sewing, painting and so on.
G. You can never see any improvement if you stick to your comfort zone.
Passage5 湖南省五市十校教研教改共同体 2018-2019 学年联考
Helpful ways to deal with a know-it-all friend
Sometimes having a friend who thinks she knows everything and always offers her unsolicited(主动提供的)
advice can really make one upset. But with some ways to deal with know-it-all, you can easily cope with that friend.
Also a know-it-all friend often acts as if she were the best. 1
Try to understand. There may be a reason why your know-it-all friend does so. Maybe she has low
self-esteem(自尊),or she s not happy in her life. 2 This tip is very important, especially if the
know-it-all is your best friend
Give her a little attention, Giving a little attention is one of the best ways to deal with a know-it-all friend. Show
some enthusiasm about what the know-it-all says to give her enough attention, 3 Or this can lead to her
giving more unsolicited advice 4 Often the know-it-all friend can say some not-so-nice things, and
these things are usually about you. Instead of thinking that something is not okay with you, never take her comments and advice personally. If you do so. you may really begin to become unnecessarily anxious.
Have a talk with her. If you re sick and tired of all those unsolicited advice, come right out with it. Speak politely
and don’t insult(辱骂)her. Try to find a good time to talk to her. 5 Tell your know-it-all friend how it
makes you feel and maybe she will respond well
A. Feel free to ignore her all the time.
B. Don't take her comments personally.
C. However, make sure you don’t overdo it
D. Try not to go to those places where you think shell be
D. Try not to go to those places where you think shell be
E. If you have such a friend, here are a few tips on coping with her
F. Try to understand her and understand why she acts the way that she does.
G. You need to know what you’re going to say and be sure to use only kind words
题组一
Passage1(2020·新课标全国卷 I)
【答案】36．B37．F38．D39．C40．A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。
36．
根据题目 A Few Tips for Self-acceptance(自我接纳的几点建议)及下文的 Here's a handful of ways that will set
you in the right direction.(这有很多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法。)可知，选项 B. Where do you start? (从哪里
开始那？)最合下文语境，故选 B 项。
37．
根据下文 Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know
that your life is your own; you are the only one in this world.(你是否希望最终你会因为自己的生活比他们的好而
感到有力量？要知道，你的生活是你自己的；你在这个世界上是独一无二的。)可知，本段主要讲述不要把
自己和别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。故 F. Stop comparing yourself with
others.(停止把自己和别人进行比较。)可以作为本段中心句，故选 F 项。38．
根据本文的中心句 Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. (原谅自己所犯的错误。)及下文的 You will
make mistakes, time and time again. (你会一次又一次地犯错误。)可知，本句是在说明要讲自己看作一个普通
人，普通人是会犯错的。选项 D. Remember, you are only human.(记住，你只是个人。)与上下文衔接最好，
故选 D 项。
39．
根据上文 List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out
of bed today.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位，今天你拜托了困境。)可知，这些小事都是
你取得的成就，都值得庆祝，即没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝的。故选 C 项。
40．
结合上文 Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don't feel good enough. Now, read these words back to
yourself.(用语言来解释为什么你觉得自己不值得，为什么你觉得自己不够好。现在，自己读一下这些话。)
和下文的 Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are? (翻到
你日记本上记下你的优点和成就的那页。看到你有多棒了吗？)可推知本句是在说明“再次感到心烦意乱”
的情况。选项 A. Feeling upset again?(再次感觉心烦意乱了吗？)最合上下文语境，故选 A 项。
Passage2(2020·新课标全国卷 II)
【答案】36．D37．A38．G39．B 40．F
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了表情符号以及在工作交流所带来的优势。
36．
根据前句“In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work
and play.(在亚洲，即时通讯平台正在迅速发展，无论是工作还是娱乐，都有数亿用户)”和后句“It's been
reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.(据报道，在一些西方国
家，76%的员工在工作中使用表情符号)”可知，前后句都说明了即时通讯平台受欢迎程度。所以选择项D. The
popularity of these platforms is spreading globally. (这些平台的受欢迎程度正在全球蔓延)符合题意。故选 D。
37．
根据前句“Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear.(使用表情符号可以增加幽默和感情，
保持明确的意图)”和后半句“encouraging better and more frequent communication.(鼓励更好更频繁的交流)”
可知，这里陈述使用表情符号的优点。所以选择项 A. Messages with Emojis feel more conversational. (使用表
情符号的信息让人感觉更健谈)符合题意。故选 A。38．
根据前句“In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in
communication can be a challenge. (在任何一间办公室，员工的年龄从 22 岁到 70 岁甚至更大，在交流中找到
共同点可能是一项挑战)” 中关键词句“employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond,”与选择项中“all
work generations”是一致的。故选 G。
39．
根据前句“ Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day? (谁没有收到过毁掉了一整天
的邮件呢？)”和后文介绍表情的优点，可知，这里陈述电子邮件的缺点。所以选择项B. Even a formal email
can seem cold and unfriendly. (即使是一封正式的电子邮件也会显得冷淡和不友好)故选 B。
40．
根据后句“and Emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. (并且表情符号可以直接促成这种积极的结
果)”可知，这里陈述表情符号能给工作场所带来的好处。所以选择项 F. Studies show that friendlier
communication leads to a happier workplace. (研究表明，更友好的沟通会带来更快乐的工作场所)故选 F。
Passage2(2020·新课标全国卷 III)
【答案】36．E37．B38．C39．A40．G
【解析】
本文是说明文，介绍了乔迁聚会的目的，礼物的选取，活动安排和名称的由来。
36．
上句 The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home.(这个聚会是朋友和家
人祝贺新家的机会)。介绍庆祝乔迁之喜的聚会是亲戚朋友祝贺搬新家的人的一次机会，下句 And it is a good
time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.(现在是时候用爱和希望的礼物来填补新家了)。介绍这
也是给新家装满爱和希望礼物的好时机。E 项：它也给了人们一次看看新家什么样的机会。与上下句并列，
都是庆祝乔迁之喜聚会的目的，故选 E。
37．
下文 Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like
curtains.和 like a piece of art or a plant. 列举了参加聚会所带礼物的清单，可以是厨房工具、窗帘、艺术品或绿
植。这些都和参加聚会带礼物有关，B 项：带礼物去参加乔迁派对是一种传统，概括了本段内容，引出下文，
故选 B。38．
本段介绍了聚会的活动安排，根据后文 This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn' t a lot of food
served.(这一点通常是值得赞赏的，因为在乔迁派对上不会提供很多食物)。指出因为新搬家，所以主人不会
准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。那么本句是在建议你可以带上自己的食物或饮料与其他客人分享搬家，
所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。C 项：你也可以带上食物或饮料与其他客人分享。故选 C。
39．
本段提到在乔迁聚会上人们会聚餐，主人带领客人参观新家。上句提到，由于乔迁聚会是在搬进新家后不
久举行的，人们可能会被要求帮助打开箱子。根据常识可知在乔迁聚会上让客人们帮忙干活是不常见的，A
项：但这并不常见。表达了此意，与上文衔接，故选 A。
40．
上句介绍了乔迁聚会名称的由来，根据 bring firewood to a new home as a gift.可知人们会带柴火作为礼物，那
么本空承接上文说明了带柴火的目的和作用。G 项：这样人们就可以在冬天的时候保持家里温暖。符合语
境。故选 G。
题组二
Passage1
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新鲜空气的好处：新鲜空气中的氧气，阳光对人们的身心健康
均有好处。人们已经开始利用大自然和治愈疾病的关系，建造“康复花园”，治疗病人了。
36.E
根据下一句中的“the answer is a big YES”可知，该空应该是一个一般疑问句，选项中只有 E 选项是一般疑问
句。故选 E：但是新鲜空气真得像你母亲说的那样对你有好处吗？空前的 people tell us to “go out and get some
fresh air”和选项中的“your mother always said”亦是呼应。
37.A
根据下一句中提到的“If the air you’re breathing is clean…the air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen”可知，
新鲜空气充满赋予人生命的，充满活力的氧气。下文中“…breathe more deeply, allowing more oxygen to get to
your muscles and your brain”是对前文的递进：在户外，更多的氧气进入你的肌肉和大脑。根据前面的分析
可以推知，该空应该提到新鲜空气的基本作用，根据常识，我们知道吸入的空气首先进入的是肺部，然后
才会使我们的肌肉和大脑受益，故该空应选 A 选项：新鲜空气清洁我们的肺部。
38.G
根据下一句中提到的“these places”可以推知，该空应该提到表示地点的复数名词。选项中只有 G 选项提到该类名词，故选项 G：在全国，康复中心已经开始建造“康复花园”。these places 就是指 Healing Gardens。
39.C
前文介绍的是“康复花园”中的绿色植物对于病人康复的好的作用：绿色的正在成长的植物可以减轻压力，
降低血压，使人情绪良好。空后提到“它给我们一种平和感”。该空起承上启下的作用，仍然要提到处于“康
复花园”这种自然环境中的好处，空后的 it 也要指代这种情况。故 C 选项切题：身处大自然可以使人精神焕
发。
40.D
根据下文中提到的“the sun’s rays…give us beneficial Vitamin D”可知，该段介绍的阳光的好处。故该选项应
该提到阳光。选项中只有 D 选项涉及阳光。故选 D：获得新鲜空气的另一个好处是阳光。
Passage2
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章作者对于怎样设定具体目标，给出了一些方法。
36.G
上文说“动机和目标设定是同一枚硬币的两面”。下文说“就像孩子在跳水台，难以决定”。该空承上启下，G
选项“没有目标，你就既不能设定目标，也无法实现它”切题，故选 G。
37.B
下文说“不仅如此，你应该如何为实现你的目标保持积极性”。该空引出下文，B 选项“那么你应该如何激
励自己呢”切题，故选 B。
38.A
上文说“有时候你的心不在工作上”，下文说“所以，减慢速度，想一想那时候，你到底想干什么”。该空
承上启下，A 选项“这会影响你的工作”切题，故选 A。
39.E
上文说“记得，目标是灵活的”。该空承接上文，E 选项“它们会根据环境的改变而改变”切题，故选 E。
40.C
上文说“你可能想当一名飞行员，但是不能成为一名飞行员，因为你的视力不够好。”下文说“你应该重
新评估你的目标，并且设定一个新的目标”。该空承上启下，C 选项“然而，这也不要使你沮丧”切题，故
选 C。
Passage3
【语篇解读】本文为说明文。在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在文中列举
了一些规矩与禁忌。36.E
根据文章段落结构和本段首句 In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors
is very important，可知，在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在下文中列举了一
些规矩与禁忌，故选项 E 符合语境。
37.G
根据其后一句 Questions about subject content are generally welcomed.（与课程内容相关的问题是受欢迎的），
解释了什么样的问题是好问题，可知，与 G 项“make sure they are good, thoughtful questions”相呼应，要提
一些好的令人深思的问题，故选 G。
38.A
根据前一句 Participate in discussion forums（论坛）, blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue.可知，要
参与论坛讨论、博客和其他开放式的对话论坛。而这正是网络课堂采用的交流的途径，故选 A。
39.C
根据本段 Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends 教授不是训练有素的护士，
不是经济援助专家，也不是你最好的朋友，可知，不要分享个人信息或故事，如果他们需要更多信息的话，
他们会主动问起的，故选项 C 符合语境。
40.F
通读本段，并根据本段主题句 Don’t openly express annoyance at a professor or class.告诫读者，每个人都可
能曾经上过不太好的课，不要在社交媒体上攻击教授，不要公开表达对教授或班级的不满，要利用课程评
价冷静地提出你的意见。选项 F 符合上下文语境。
Passage4
【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才
要复杂得多。一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些优雅量的普通球员。
46.B
上文说“大多数人相信建立一个伟大团队的最好方法就是聚集一群最有天赋的人
个人”。下文说“公司花费数百万雇佣顶级商业人士。”该空承上启下，也是在举例，B 选项“运动队老板
花费数百万美元吸引顶尖人才。”切题，故选 B。
47.E
下文说“他们专注于足球、篮球和篮球。结果有好有坏。”该空引出下文，E 选项“最近的几项研究调查了
体育世界中人才的作用。”切题，故选 E。48.G
上文说“为了解释这一现象，研究人员探索了一场好的表现要求队员们协调他们行动的程度”，下文说明了
研究结果，该空承上启下，G 选项“这项任务的相互依赖性使棒球区别于足球和篮球。”切题，故选 G。
49.D
上文说了“一个球星为了个人得分，而影响团队的表现”，该空承接上文，D 选项“球星显然没有遵守运动
员精神的基本原则”切题，故选 D。
50.F
下文说“一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些优雅量的普通球员。”该空
引出下文，F 选项“建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。”切题，故选 F。
题组三
Passage1
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了室内设计中颜色的选择问题。
36.B 【解析】36 题以逗号结尾，后面另起一个简单句，可以从句子结构排除 D,E,F,G 项。根据前文的三
个问句可知，此处是从中选择一种。故选 B（不管你寻找哪一种） 。
37.A 【解析】前文：在过去的许多年里，有许多技术帮助设计者实现这一要点；下文：它们有点复杂。
所以 A（然而他们都很有用）承上启下。符合题意。
38.D 【解析】本空是一个主题句，总说选择小颜色是我们很熟悉的方法。后文分说小颜色的具体用途。
故选 D。
39.G 【解析】根据前文“中型颜色选择通常是指一些例如沙发，餐桌或者书架等家具的颜色选择”接着
表明这种范围的颜色选择是对小型颜色选择在两种方式上的进一步提示，故选 G。
40. F 【解析】前文 the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant 你所付诸的时间、精力和相
关的费用是巨大的。后文 F 那肯定是值得的，因为你想第一次把它弄好。故选 F。
Passage2
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。列举了早晨锻炼对人体的四条好处，号召人们早点起床，进行身体锻炼。
36.G 【解析】根据空前的内容“生活忙碌没有时间锻炼”和空后的内容“晨练除了身体健康之外，还能带来
其他好处”，下文接着列举了晨练的其他好处。由此可知，此处缺一个承上启下句。G 项中 then listen up!（那
么请仔细听!）很好的起到了承上启下的作用。故选 G。
37.E 【解析】根据上一句 Exercising makes you more awake（锻炼能让你更清醒），E 项（你可以在运动后保
持头脑清醒 4-10 个小时。）是对上一句的进一步解释。故选 E。38.F 【解析】空前句子是本段的主题句，晨练是新陈代谢的开始，空后句子说如果晨练，则你会得到卡路
里一整天都在燃烧的益处，F 项（锻炼之后，你一整天都在燃烧卡路里。）是空后句子的根据，空后句子是
对 F 项的进一步延伸。故选 F。
39.B 【解析】此处缺一个主题句。空后句子解释了早起锻炼的人比晚上锻炼的人睡得更好。B 项（你的睡
眠质量提高了。）是对后面内容的总述。故选 B。
40.A 【解析】根据空后句子“If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to
healthy food choices throughout the day.（如果你在早晨锻炼身体，你将更有可能坚持健康的食物选择。）”，A
项(你将坚持你的饮食。)符合本段内容，是主题句，起到统领下文的作用。故选 A。
Passage3
【文章大意】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了跳舞的好处。
36.B 【解析】根据空后的内容 We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at
weddings, birthdays , office parties and just to fill the time.可知，这里是说遭美国都有人跳舞
从弗罗里达到阿拉斯加，从北到南等，因此 B 项符合题意。
37.D 【解析】根据前文舞蹈课为各个年龄阶段的人架起了桥梁，教跳舞是非常好的，再根据后句 it’s great
to watch them，根据人称可知是在谈论他们，所以 D 和 F 符合，再根据本段最后一句可知，此段主要介绍
了跳舞对他们的好处，故选 D。
38.A 【解析】根据第四段后句，是通过举例介绍人们跳舞的原因，故选 A。
39.F 【解析】根据前句 they arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile, 所以他们的心情彻底
改变，故选 F。
40.E 【解析】根据文章前后句可知，此处人称为第一人称，所以 E 符合语境，作者结合自己的跳舞经历
介绍了跳舞给自己带来的好处。
Passage 4
【文章大意】怎样成为一个邻居都喜欢的人，作者给了几点建议。
31.G 【解析】考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段讲如果你想成为邻居中一个可以接受和有价值的
部分，最简单的方法就是确保你的行为举止像一个好邻居。下文是具体做法，G 项：这里有一些技巧，可
以帮助你迅速赢得邻居的信赖。承上启下，故选 G。
32.F 【解析】考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段介绍和邻居关系融洽最重要的是保持干净整洁的
户内户外环境，F 项中 keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting. 保持街上的一切新鲜和诱人，与本
段意思一致，故选 F。33.E 【解析】考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段主要建议要重视社区的整体面貌，出门拿上一个
垃圾袋，E 项：遇到从路过的汽车里扔出的废纸，把它捡起来。与上句连接，是拿垃圾袋的作用。故选 E。
34.B 【解析】考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段是建议用邻居可以接受的方式帮助他们，同时尊
重邻居的隐私。B 项：好邻居就是喜欢在小的方面帮助别人的人，符合本段内容，故选 B。
35.C 【解析】考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。最后一段是总结，只要我们考虑周到，尊重他人，照
顾好属于自己的东西，为周围的人感到自豪，很快就会成为一个大家都喜欢的好邻居。C 项中 considerate
behavior 是下文内容的概括，故选 C。
题组四
Passage 1
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是人的寿命取决于哪些因素。活到 90 岁的高龄可能取决
于你的身高和体重以及你的身体活动水平，并且鼓励会影响一个女人的寿命比影响一个男性的寿命更多。
1.B
上文提示“研究发现活到 90 岁的女性，平均而言，自从 20 岁就更高，更不易发胖，这是与更矮、更重的女
性相比。”承接上文，B 项 No such association was seen for men.（没有见过有这样的男人协会。）切题。故选
B。
2.G
上文提示“男女双方还告诉研究人员关于他们当前的体育活动。”承接上文，G 项 And they included dog
walking，gardening，home improvements，walking or biking to work and sports.（他们包括遛狗、园艺、家庭
环境的改善、走路或骑自行车去上班和运动。）切题。该项中的 they 指的就是上句中的 activities。故选 G。
3.A
下文提示“研究发现高度超过 5 英尺 9 英寸的女性与身高不到 5 英尺 3 英寸的女性相比，有 31%更有可能活
到 90 多。”承接下文，A 项 Height played a major factor.（高度扮演了一个主要因素。）故选 A。
4.E
下文提示“一天花了 90 分钟或更多在运动上的男性与每天锻炼少于三十分钟的男性相比有 39%更有可能活
到 90 岁。”承接下文，E 项 Neither height nor weight seemed to factor into whether the men reached their 90s，but
activity level did.（男性是否能活到 90 多岁，其因素似乎既不是身高也不是体重，而是活动标准。）切题。
故选 E。
5.D
上文提示“与男性不同，没有奖金增加活动。”承接上文，D 项 In fact，the study found that the optimal level of activity for women was 60 minutes a day.（事实上，研究发现，女性的最优水平的活动是每天 60 分钟。）切题。
故选 D。
Passage 2
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何培养孩子之间的健康竞争。
1.F
根据下文提到的两个问题：我们中有多少人见过年轻的男孩因为他们的球队没有赢得校际比赛而哭泣？我
们中有多少人见过青少年为了赢而作弊？这两个问题是两个例子，证明竞争会让人受到打击。故 F 选项切
题。
2.C
前面提到的两个问题折射出不健康竞争产生的影响。故 C 选项切题。同时，该选项又引出下文：所以培养
孩子之间的健康竞争是很重要的。
3.A
上一句提到：当它来鼓励孩子们的健康竞争时，要做的第一件事就是设定他们的目标。该空承接上文，对
设定目标这件事作进一步的说明。故 A 选项切题：然而，你不能把他们逼得太紧，让目标成为他们的负担。
4.D
下文提到：所以给他们举个家人为了赢而拒绝作弊的例子。根据下文中的 so 可知，该空和下文之间是因果
关系。那么，该空应该提到作弊这样的话题。选项中只有 D 选项与此有关：此外，他们也可能不想采取任
何手段来取胜，比如欺骗或撒谎。该空同时承接上文：团队精神将帮助他们成长为一个人，他们不会轻易
被小损失所困扰，也不会因胜利而过于兴奋。该选项也体现了团队精神的作用。综上，D 选项切题。
5.G
该段提到：当他们参加考试时，不要问他们期望多少分数，而是问问他们写了些什么。如果你的儿子在学
校打板球，不要问他的球队是赢还是输；问他进了多少分，鼓励他下一次得分更高。当你让你的孩子知道
你对他们的表现更感兴趣，而不是他们是输了还是赢了，他们肯定会努力让自己更好。通过该段内容可知，
作者建议家长给孩子传递正确的信息：你关心的是他们的表现，而不是成绩。故 G 选项正确。
Passage4
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何走出自己的舒适区、挑战自己的几点建议。
1.G
根据本空前的“We all need some normal stress in our lives, after all.”可知，毕竟，我们的生活中需要一些压力，
故 G 项（如果你坚持呆在自己的舒适区，你永远看不到任何进步）符合语境。2.B
根据本空后的“But don’t stop on the first try!”可知，但不要打一次就停下来，故 B 项（有人可能会挂断你的
电话）符合语境。
3.F
根据本空前的“Make sure this hobby is not linked to your career; you have to relax and relieve your stress while
performing this.”可知，确保这个爱好与你的职业无关，做它的时候你必须感到放松和减轻压力，故 F 项
（例如烹饪、缝纫、绘画等等）符合语境。
4.C
根据本空后的“A simple 9-minute run around your neighborhood can do wonders for yourself.”可知，在社区附
近跑 9 分钟就可以为你自己创造奇迹，故 C 项（你不需要去健身房）符合语境。
5.E
根据本段小标题“Travel and allow yourself to be interested in new people.”可知，旅行并且敞开心胸去结识新
朋友，此处讲的是关于旅行方面的内容，故 E 项（现在就开始旅行，学会挑战自己）符合语境。
Passage5
【语篇解读】本文为议论文。有时，有一个朋友认为她什么都知道，总是主动提出建议，这真的会让
人心烦意乱。作者给出了一些对付无所不知的方法，你可以很容易地对付那个朋友。
1.E
根据上文“有时，有一个朋友认为她什么都知道，总是主动提出建议，这真的会让人心烦意乱。”及下文对
“对付无所不知的朋友的有效方法”的论述可知，E 项“如果你有这样的朋友，这里有一些对付她的方法。”
符合此处语境。故 E 选项正确。
2.F
根据上文“试着去理解。也许你那位无所不知的朋友这样做是有原因的。也许她自尊心不强，或者她的生
活不快乐。”可知，F 项“试着去理解她，理解她为什么这样做。”符合此处语境。故 F 选项正确。
3.C
根据上文“对无所不知的人所说的话表现出一些热情，给予她足够的关注”及下文“否则会导致她主动提出
更多的建议”可知，C 项“但是，确保不要过度。”符合此处语境。故 C 选项正确。
4.B
根据下文“不要认为你有什么问题，永远不要把她的意见和建议放在心上。”可知，B 项“不要把她的话当
真”符合此处语境。故 B 选项正确。5.G
根据上文“说话要有礼貌，不要侮辱她。找个好时间和她谈谈。”可知，G 项“你需要知道你要说什么，
并且确保只说善意的话”符合此处语境。故 G 选项正确。
【点睛】
七选五题型主要考查上下文的理解与推断，虽然文章整体难度一般低于阅读理解，但是却给很多同学造成
了很大的心理障碍。首先要克服心理障碍，同时要注意方式方法。注意设空前后的句子，因为这些句子之
间是顺承和联系的，所有一定要联系和理解上下文的语境。例如第 2 小题，根据上文“试着去理解。也许
你那位无所不知的朋友这样做是有原因的。也许她自尊心不强，或者她的生活不快乐。”可知，F 项“试着
去理解她，理解她为什么这样做。”符合此处语境。其中文章中的 Try to understand 与 F 选项中的 Try to
understand相对应，另外文章中的why your know-it-all friend does so与F选项中的why she acts the way that she
does.相对应。由此确定正确答案是 F 选项。
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